JPH0463697B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a pyrotechnic device for generating shock waves, and more specifically, the invention relates to a pyrotechnic device for generating shock waves. The present invention relates to an improved shock wave generating pyrotechnic device that generates shock waves by the explosion of explosives placed in the area.

[Conventional techniques and problems] Traditionally, open surgery was the only treatment for stones occurring in the kidneys or urinary tract, but in recent years, extracorporeal impact lithotripsy has been developed to cure stones without open surgery. .

Conventional stone crushing devices attempt to crush kidney stones and urinary tract stones and allow the crushed stones to be naturally excreted from the body along with urine. Specifically, they crush stones in the following manner, It is being removed.

That is, the stone crushing device is equipped with a shock wave generating device and an X-ray imaging device or an X-ray imaging device for seeing through the patient's affected area in a water tank that is large enough to submerge the patient's body and filled with water. . The shock wave generator includes an elliptical reflector, an explosive supported by a support member so as to be located at a first focus of the elliptical reflector, and an electrode embedded in the explosive to detonate the explosive by energization. has.

In such a lithotripter, the anesthetized patient's body is first submerged in a water tank. In order to confirm and monitor the exact location of the affected area, the affected area is displayed on a monitor screen using an X-ray photographing or imaging device. As a result, the second part of the ellipse
Fix the patient's body so that the affected area is precisely located in the focal point. Next, in the shock wave generator, when the explosive placed at the first focus of the elliptical reflector is detonated instantaneously (1 μsec), the high heat accompanying the explosion causes explosive vaporization of water, producing a shock wave. Occur. This shock wave propagates through the water, is reflected by an elliptical reflector, and is focused at the second focal point of the ellipse, where the energy density becomes maximum.

Approximately 70% of the human body's skin and muscles are composed of water, so the energy of shock waves generated in water is transmitted within the body with almost no change. Furthermore, shock waves have the characteristic of emitting energy when passing through an interface between materials having different acoustic impedances.

Stones are usually formed of calcium-containing materials, so when a shock wave hits a stone, the energy of the shock wave is released and causes the stone to fragment.

Since a single shock wave does not break up a stone, in reality, for example, 200 to 500 shock waves are administered to the affected area.

The broken stone pieces are naturally expelled from the body, allowing the affected area to heal.

Examples of the explosive detonation mechanism in the stone crushing device include one that electrically heats the igniter to ignite it to explode the explosive, one that heats the explosive with a laser and detonates it, and one that is sensitive to friction. There are devices that ignite explosives through friction, which causes the explosives to explode.

However, with the above method, although the electric circuit for igniting can be easily manufactured, it is necessary to incorporate bridge wires etc. into the pyrotechnics itself, making the manufacturing work complicated and reducing the price. The problem is that it cannot be done.

In the above method, since the structure of the pyrotechnic device itself is simple, it is easy to manufacture, but the laser generator is expensive and it is not possible to reduce the cost of the entire medical device.

The above method also poses a risk of secondary damage to the patient and operator due to the powerful laser. Although the material costs of pyrotechnics are low, assembly is complicated and therefore manufacturing costs increase.

This invention has been made based on the above circumstances.

That is, the object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-manufacture,
To provide a shock wave generating pyrotechnic device which does not cause unexpected explosions during manufacturing, allows safe work, is low in manufacturing cost, and is suitable for continuously generating shock waves. It is in.

[Means for solving the above problems] The gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a shock wave generating pyrotechnic device that generates shock waves by detonating an explosive at the focus of an elliptical reflector in a stone crushing device. In the product, a pedestal is placed at the focal point of an elliptical reflector, a pin is placed opposite to the pedestal so as to be able to rush towards the pedestal, and an insensitive detonator and a sensitive detonator, which can be detonated upon impact, are placed. A shock wave generating explosive having an igniter is arranged at any position from the tip end surface of the pin to the pedestal, and by colliding the tip end surface of the pin with the pedestal, the shock wave generating explosive is released. This is a pyrotechnic device for generating shock waves, characterized in that it is detonated to generate shock waves at the focal point.

According to the configuration of the present invention, the shock wave generating explosive is detonated at the focal point of the elliptical reflector by a simple action of colliding a thrusting pin with an appropriate driving means against a pedestal placed at the focal point of the elliptical reflector; It can also generate shock waves.

The shape of the pin is not particularly limited as long as it can strike the shock wave generating explosive that will eventually be positioned on the pedestal. Therefore, the pin can be made into the simplest shape, such as a thin cylinder. If the pins are formed into thin cylinders, a large number of these pins can be housed in a cassette, for example, and shock waves can be generated rapidly and continuously at the focal point of the elliptical reflector.

[Example] The following example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a stone crushing device using the shock wave generating pyrotechnic device of the present invention.

This calculus crushing device 1 has an elliptical reflector 2. The ellipsoidal reflecting mirror 2 has the shape of a spheroid that is sliced along a plane perpendicular to the axis connecting the two focal points of the spheroid.

Inside this elliptical reflector 2, there is a plane 3 at its focal point F.
The pedestal 3A is arranged so that the

A pin 4 capable of moving toward the plane 3 of the pedestal 3A is arranged opposite to the plane 3 of the pedestal 3A at a predetermined distance.

This pin 4 is housed in a case 5 that ensures that the vehicle travels straight and protects the pin 4. A protrusion 6 is provided on the tip end face of the pin 4 facing the plane 3 so as to have a common axis. Furthermore, a shock wave generating explosive 7 is loaded onto the tip surface of the pin 4, and the protrusion 6 is embedded in the shock wave generating explosive 7.

A pin pressing piece 9 driven by a solenoid 8 is housed in the case 5 so as to be in contact with the rear end of the pin 4.

The above configuration is the simplest embodiment.

In the embodiment described above, the solenoid 8 is driven to instantaneously move the pin pressing piece 9 forward, causing the pin 4 to rush toward the pedestal 3A, and the tip of the pin 4 to be pressed against the flat surface 3.
to collide with.

Since the protrusion 6 is formed at the tip of the pin 4, when the tip of the pin 4 collides with the flat surface 3, the collision force is concentrated on the tip of the protrusion 6. At the same time as the collision, the shock wave generating explosive 7 explodes, and a shock wave is generated at the focal point F of the elliptical reflector 2.

The generated shock wave is reflected by the ellipsoidal reflector 2 and focused on another focal point of the spheroid, and since the stone in the affected area is located at this focal point, the energy of the shock wave is released all at once to crush the stone.

It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG.

Further, the pedestal 3A must be supported by a structure that has a mechanical strength that will not be destroyed or damaged by the collision of the pins 4 so as to position the plane 3 at the focal point F of the elliptical reflector 2. It may have any structure.

The shape of the pin 4 is not particularly limited as long as it has a structure that allows the shock wave generating explosive 7 to be hit with the tip facing the pedestal 3A. This pin 4
For example, after the first pin 4 is thrust into the pedestal 3A to generate the first shock wave, the second pin 4 is placed in the original position where the first pin 4 was loaded. 4 is newly loaded, and then this second pin 4 is thrust into the pedestal 3A to generate a second shock wave, and in the same manner, shock waves can be continuously generated one after another. In order to form a crushing device, it is preferable that the pin 4 is a thin cylindrical body.

The tip of the pin 4 facing the pedestal 3A may be made into a flat end surface, but in order to efficiently utilize the collision force when colliding with the pedestal 3A, as shown in the above embodiment, It is desirable to form a protrusion 6 upright on the tip end surface of the pin 4. Furthermore, pin 4
As another method for detonating the shock wave generating explosive 7 by colliding with the flat surface 3 of the pedestal 3A, as shown in FIG. The shock wave generating explosive 7 is loaded into the tip of the pin 4 so that the shock wave generating explosive 7 is not filled into the recess 10, and when the pin 4 hits the base 3A with the tip of the pin 4. The shock wave generating explosive 7 may be pushed into the recess 10, the air within the recess 10 will be adiabatically compressed and generate heat, and the shock wave generating explosive 7 may be exploded by this heat generation.

The shock wave generating explosive 7 is placed on the flat surface 3 of the pedestal 3A.
It is sufficient that the pin 4 is disposed somewhere between the tip of the pin 4 and the tip of the pin 4 facing the plane 3. In this invention, the shock wave generating explosive 7 positioned on the flat surface 3 of the pedestal 3A is finally hit by the tip of the pin 4 and exploded, and for that purpose, the shock wave generating explosive 7 must be As shown in Figure 3, pin 4
It may be loaded at the tip of the pin 4 and moved toward the pedestal 3A as the pin 4 advances, and be struck by the pedestal 3A. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. The shock wave generating explosive 7 may be positioned above so that it is struck by the tip of the advancing pin 4, and furthermore, it may be positioned midway between the pedestal 3A and the pin 4. Also good.

This shock wave generating explosive 7 is composed of an insensitive initiator and a sensitive igniter, and is particularly limited as long as it explodes with the impact force when the tip of the pin 4 collides with the flat surface 3 of the pedestal 3A. There isn't.

The amount of this shock wave generating explosive 7 used is usually several 10
mg.

Examples of insensitive explosives include dextrin lead azide and diazodinitrophenol (DDNP).

Examples of sensitive igniters include tricinate, tetracene, and mixtures of red phosphorus, potassium chlorate, and antimony trisulfide.

As a specific example of a method for attaching a shock wave generating explosive having an insensitive initiator and a sensitive igniter to the tip of a pin, for example, as shown in FIG. Ignition powder 11 sensitive to protrusion 6
is provided by adhesion or coating, and an insensitive detonator 12 is attached to the pin 4 so as to wrap around the pin 4.
One method is to load it into the tip of the

As shown in FIG. 5, if the shock wave generating explosive 7 is to be loaded into the tip of the pin 4, a cover 13 covering the shock wave generating explosive 7 is removably attached to the tip of the pin 4. It is preferable. Then, when using this shock wave generating pyrotechnic device, the cover 13 is removed.

Further, as another specific example of a method of attaching a shock wave generating explosive having an insensitive initiating charge and a sensitive ignition charge to the tip of a pin, for example, as shown in FIG. Another method is to load an insensitive initiating charge 12 so as to wrap around the protrusion 6, and to provide a sensitive initiating charge 11 on the surface of the insensitive initiating charge 12 facing the pedestal 3A.

In addition, regarding the pin 4 shown in FIG.
The protrusion 6 is erected at the tip of the ball via a support stand 14, and using the support stand 14 in this way is advantageous in that it is possible to prevent the protrusion 6 from buckling during impact.

The pin 4 may be driven forward toward the pedestal 3A by the solenoid 8 as in the above embodiment, but the point is that it is sufficient to move the pin 4 forward toward the pedestal 4A. Other suitable driving means may be employed as appropriate.

Other driving means include those that utilize mechanical force such as the biasing force of a spring, and those that utilize gravity such as free fall.

[Effects of the Invention] The shock wave generating pyrotechnic device according to the present invention can generate shock waves by colliding the tip of the pin with the plane of the pedestal placed at the focal point and striking the shock wave generating explosive with the pin. Explosives can be detonated, thereby creating a shock wave.

As described above, since this shock wave generating pyrotechnic device has a simple structure, manufacturing operations such as assembly can be facilitated, and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, the pin in this shock wave generating pyrotechnic device basically only needs to have a structure that collides with or hits the pedestal, so it does not need to have a particularly complicated shape; for example, it can be formed into a cylindrical shape. This makes it suitable for continuously generating shock waves, and this shock wave generating article enables continuous generation of shock waves.

Moreover, in the shock wave generating pyrotechnic product of the present invention, an explosive having an insensitive explosive and a sensitive igniter is used instead of an explosive that is sensitive to mechanical shock. There is no danger that the explosive will suddenly and unexpectedly explode due to some kind of unexpected mechanical impact during manufacturing, and therefore accidents such as death or injury to workers or destruction of equipment can be prevented.
As described above, according to the present invention, a pyrotechnic device for generating shock waves can be safely manufactured.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the pin, and Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views showing an example of arrangement of explosives for generating shock waves. , and FIGS. 5 and 6 are longitudinal sections showing the tip of the pin. 1... Stone crushing device, 2... Elliptical reflector, 3...
...Plane, 3A...Pedestal, 4...Pin, 6...Protrusion, 7...Explosive for generating shock waves, 11...Ignition powder,
12...An insensitive detonator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a shock wave generating pyrotechnic device that generates shock waves by detonating an explosive at the focal point of an elliptical reflector in a stone crushing device, a pedestal is placed at the focal point of the elliptical reflector, A pin is arranged opposite to the pedestal so as to be able to rush, and a shock wave generating explosion containing an insensitive initiating charge and a sensitive igniter, which can be detonated by impact, is sent from the tip end surface of the pin to the pedestal. The shock wave generating fire is characterized in that the shock wave generating explosion is detonated and a shock wave is generated at the focal point by colliding the tip end surface of the pin with the pedestal. Artwork. 2. The shock wave generating pyrotechnic product according to claim 1, wherein the insensitive explosive is either dextrin lead azide or diazodinitrophenol. 3. Shock wave generating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensitive igniter is any one of tricinate, tetracene, and a mixture of red phosphorus, potassium chloride, and antimony trisulfide. Pyrotechnics. 4. Shock wave generation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shock wave generation explosive is formed by forming a conical recess on the tip end surface of the pin on which the shock wave generation explosion is arranged. Pyrotechnics. 5. The shock wave generating pyrotechnic device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pin has a protrusion on a distal end surface facing the pedestal.