JPH046464B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention allows molten metal such as aluminum to be transported to remote locations, transported over long periods of time, and transported on slopes such as slopes through general roads such as public roads, and can be transported in the form of molten metal. This invention relates to a method of transporting molten metal using a transport vehicle that operates on roads, such as a truck that can be delivered to a user.

[Conventional technology]

It has been conventional practice to transport molten metals such as aluminum within factories using forklifts, etc., but in this case, the ingots are melted in a central melting furnace, then received in a ladle, and transported to casting equipment such as die casting. Since it is distributed to adjacent holding furnaces (hand furnaces), the passage is generally flat and the transportation distance is not long. Therefore, transportation can be carried out safely without requiring special measures for the ladle or its gripping method. During transport, the main body of the ladle is covered to prevent the temperature from dropping during transport, but the pouring spout is usually left open.

Additionally, as an example of transporting molten metal by vehicle, there is a mixer car that transports molten pig iron tapped from a blast furnace, but since this mixer car operates on tracks laid on the premises of a steelworks, it is necessary to use it at the appropriate time. It cannot be delivered to other locations, has poor mobility, and does not require any special measures for containers etc. because it runs on orbit.
Since the transportation time is not long, the drop in temperature of the molten metal is not a big problem.

[Problems to be solved]

There are problems when melting in a central melting furnace and distributing to each holding furnace. In other words, the centralized melting method is economical for high-volume production of one type of product, but it is uneconomical for the production of multiple types of small quantities, and other small melting furnaces such as crucible furnaces, small melting and holding furnaces, etc. I have no choice but to rely on Installing a concentrated melting furnace and these small melting furnaces is problematic because it requires a large equipment cost. Also, from the viewpoint of furnace maintenance, environmental hygiene, etc., holding furnaces are better because they are smaller, have less oxidation loss of molten metal, and generate less hot air inside the factory.
Therefore, if casting can be performed without installing a central melting furnace, the factory can be rationalized. For this purpose, methods are being researched to distribute molten metal from a factory that specializes in melting aluminum etc. to the site of use, and some have hot water supply systems using pipelines. However, even in this case, the transportation distance is only a few hundred meters at most, and transportation is limited to within the same factory, and like the above-mentioned pig iron mixing truck, it is not possible to deliver to the desired location in a timely manner, resulting in poor mobility. It has been predicted for some time that as transportation distances become longer, factories will be further streamlined. Therefore, for example, it has been envisioned for some time that molten metal could be distributed from an outside company and used, but it has not been realized to this day. The reason for this was that it was difficult to prevent the molten metal from cooling and transport it safely.

In other words, when transporting molten metal on public roads using the conventional method, public roads are different from those inside the factory, and there are slopes and roads with poor paving that can cause intense vehicle vibration. This was not possible due to the anticipated difficulties such as spilling of the molten metal, overturning of loaded ladles, and solidification of the molten metal due to cooling.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and consists of storing molten metal in a closed ladle, and placing and fixing the ladle with its opening sealed on the loading platform of a transportation vehicle such as a truck that operates on roads. It is characterized by the fact that it can be transported by

One way to fix the ladle is to fix a pair of fixing devices of appropriate length on the top surface of the vehicle loading platform in parallel with each other at an appropriate distance in a direction transverse to the direction of travel, and then fixing a pair of fixing devices parallel to each other at an appropriate distance from each other in a direction transverse to the direction of travel. Attach another fixing device to the top surface in a U-shape with the above fixing device in a detachable manner.
A fork insertion member of a forklift, which has a ladle containing molten metal and a sealed opening fixed to the bottom of the ladle, is engaged with the fixing tool and placed on the loading platform,
A tightening device such as a turnbuckle is latched and tightened between at least three pairs of locking members and stops provided in correspondence with each other on the upper part of the main body and the upper surface of the loading platform of the ladle. Since the lower part is fixed by a fixing device and the upper part is tightened onto the loading platform by a tightening device, there is no risk of it moving on the loading platform or rattling, making it possible to transport over long distances or on slopes. The tightening does not loosen even when vibrations occur on poorly paved roads, so the ladle on the loading platform can be safely transported on public roads and other roads, and loading and unloading of the ladle is extremely quick and easy. It can be carried out.

In addition, the ladle is a sealed ladle with a sealing device at the receiving and pouring ports, which completely prevents hot water from spilling during transportation, and in the case of long-term transportation, a heating device is installed to keep it warm. This prevents the molten metal from solidifying as it cools, and the clamp handle allows the opening and closing of the inlet and pouring inlet to be performed extremely quickly.

〔Example〕

Next, details of the present invention will be explained with reference to figures showing embodiments. In Fig. 1, 1 indicates a vehicle (truck).
2 is a cylindrical ladle with a sealable opening;
3 is a fixing device for the ladle 2, and the fixing device 3 is shown in Fig. 2~
As shown in Figure 4, a ladle 2 is placed on the loading platform 1.
A pair of fixtures 4, 4 of a predetermined length are installed so that when the ladle 2 is placed, the fork insertion members 9, 9 fixed to the bottom surface of the ladle 2 are engaged as described later.
are fixed 4' parallel to each other in the width direction of the loading platform 1 at predetermined intervals, while a longitudinal fixing device 5 is fixed on the loading platform 1 at one end of the fixing devices 4, 4. , 4 and are removably fixed by bolts 5' in a U-shape. The ladle 2 connects the fork insertion members 9, 9 with these fixtures 4, 4 and 5.
is engaged with and placed on the loading platform 1, and after being placed, the ladle 2
Between the ring-shaped locking members 6, 6, etc. provided at least three places on the upper part of the main body at equal intervals, and the locking rods 7' of the fasteners 7, 7,... fixed correspondingly on the loading platform 1, as shown in FIG. Hook 8' of the turnbuckle-like fastener 8 shown
Attach the latch and tighten.

Fork insertion members 9, 9 of a forklift are fixed to the bottom surface of the ladle 2, and the spacing between the parallel fixtures 4, 4 is determined by the insertion members 9, 9.
The distance should be such that 9 can be inserted by sliding them inward.
In addition, the fixture 4 has a U-shaped steel 10 and an L-shaped steel as shown in FIG.
The shaped steel 11 and the flat steel 12 are combined and welded to form the flat steel 12.
Although the inserting members 9, 9 can be easily set by the inclined surfaces of the inserting members 9, other shapes may be used. Furthermore, the removable fixture 5 can have an appropriate cross-sectional shape. As shown in the figure, the fasteners 7 are arranged in a substantially equilateral triangular shape with one apex on the outside of the fastener 5, so that one end of the insertion member 9 is locked to the fastener 5 after tightening. , fixed in a stable state.

As described above, the lower part of the ladle 2 is fixed by the fixing device 3, and the upper part is tightened by the tightening tool 8, stopper 7, locking member 6, etc., so that it does not move or wobble on the loading platform. This makes it possible to transport long distances and transport on slopes, etc., and the tightness will not loosen even when vibrating on poorly paved roads, so the ladle on the loading platform can be safely transported on public roads and other roads. It can be transported to

6 to 8 show cross-sectional views of the ladle, 13 is an outer shell, 14 is a heat insulating material, 15 is a refractory lining,
16 is a lid, 17 is a spout, 18 is a pouring spout, 19 is a small lid for the spout, and the lid 16 and each iron skin of the ladle body 20 are connected by fastening 22 to a flange portion 21. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the small lid 19 is attached to the lid 16 with a hinge 23 so that it can be opened and closed, and a handle 24 and a forked hook 25 are protruded from the opposite side of the lid 16. A screw shaft 26 is rotatably attached to the outside, and in the figure, the screw shaft 26 is attached to the hook 2.
The small lid 19 is attached to the lid 1 by a clamp handle 27 which is hooked onto the two prongs of the lid 1 and screwed onto the screw shaft 26.
6, and by loosening the handle 27 and rotating the screw shaft 26 outward, the small lid 19 can be opened.
can be opened.

In FIG. 7, 28 is a heater embedded in the refractory material, and in FIG. 8, 29 is a heater provided in the lid 16. Although FIG. 6 shows a ladle without a heating device, the structures of the main body 20, lid 16, small lid 19, etc. are common. Further, although the spout 18 is shown as being provided at one location, it may be provided at two locations as shown in FIG.

9 to 11 show the opening/closing device for the pouring spout 18. In the figures, 30 is a cast iron pouring nozzle, 31 is a cast iron stopper that fits into the nozzle 30, and the stopper 31 is the lid 16 or a stopper. The arm 33 is attached to the tip of an arm 33 that is attached to a ring (not shown) rotatably fitted to the end of a base shaft 32 fixed to the ladle body 20 so as to be movable up and down. Or a support plate 34 fixed to the lid 16
It is slidably supported on the upper edge of the support plate 34 so that it can rotate.
The stopper 31 fits into the spout nozzle 30 and closes the spout nozzle 30 by falling into the spout. 34″ is the support plate 34
This is a holding part (arm rest) for the arm 33 when the pouring spout 18 is opened, which is provided at the other end of the upper edge. The base of the arm 33 may be connected to the base shaft 32 by a ball joint or the like so as to be rotatable in the vertical and horizontal directions.

35 is a toggle clamp device for tightening the stopper 31;
0, the arm 33 fits into the U-shaped holding portion 35' at the upper end of the clamp 35, so by rotating the handle 35'' of the clamp 35 in the vertical direction, the stopper 31 is moved toward the nozzle 3.
0 can be fitted and crimped, and the nozzle 30 can be opened by performing the opposite operation to the above. It has been found that by making the nozzle 30 and the stopper 31 made of cast iron, it is possible to have excellent mechanical strength and improve durability, as well as to drain the hot water easily after pouring, and to improve sealing performance. If it is made of cast iron, even if there is adhered metal, it can be easily removed. If a ceramic fiber sheet is interposed between the spout nozzle 30 and the stopper 31, the problem of metal adhesion can be further improved, and the degree of protection and complete sealing of the cast iron stopper can be improved.

When transporting molten metal, for example, the molten metal is pumped from the melting furnace at the supplier's factory and stored in the ladle 2 through the feed pipe from the receiving port 17 of the ladle 2. , the opening of the ladle 2 is quickly and completely sealed by closing the small lid 19 and tightening it with the clamp handle 27, providing a stopper 31 on the spout 18, and tightening it with the handle 35'' of the toggle clamp 35. Therefore, the ladle 2 can be loaded onto the loading platform 1 of a truck by a forklift via the insertion members 9, 9, fixed by the fixing device 3 and the fastener 8, and transported to the factory where it will be used.

After arriving at the factory where it will be used, tighten ladle 2 6, 7, 8
, lower the ladle 2 using a forklift that can tilt left and right, remove the stopper 31 and open the pouring port 18, and tilt the ladle 2 with the forklift to move it to the holding furnace or Molten metal can be poured directly into molds, etc. immediately. Therefore, the supplier side can deliver molten metal in a timely manner according to the demand of the factory where it is used. In this case, since the fixture 5 is detachable, the fork of the forklift can be inserted from either the left or right side of the loading platform 1, and the ladle 2 can be lowered, which is convenient. Further, if the fixture 5 can be attached to either the left or right side of the parallel fixtures 4, 4, it is convenient because the ladle 2 can be loaded by a forklift from either side.

Example 1 (1) Fixing device on loading platform 70×150mm U-shaped steel 10 and 45×45mm L-shaped steel 1
1 and 50 mm flat steel 12 are welded together as shown in Fig. 3. Fixing devices 4, 4 are fixed parallel to each other at appropriate intervals in a direction transverse to the traveling direction of the vehicle, and further welded to the surface of the loading platform 1 as necessary. A fixing device 3 was fixed to one end of the fixing device 5 with a bolt 5', and a fixing device 3 was fixed to the outside of the fixing device 3, with one stopper 7 being positioned outside of the fixing device 5. . A round rod with a diameter of 21 mm was used as the locking rod 7'.

(2) Ladle The ladle was formed into a cylindrical shape using an iron plate with a thickness of about 6 mm to form the iron shell 13, and reinforcement plates were appropriately installed on this. The lining refractory material is a lightweight castable for the lid 16 and the small lid 19, an insulating board for the body insulation material 14 of the main body 20, and a corrosion-resistant castable containing aluminoboric acid for the lining refractory material 15 (made by Algaref AC85 Nippon Crucible Co., Ltd.). ) were used respectively. In addition, at the bottom is a large fired block (Algaref).
AC85 (manufactured by Nippon Crucible Co., Ltd.) was fitted to withstand the impact of receiving the molten metal. The dimensions of the ladle are approximately outer diameter 1100mm, height 1200mm, inner diameter 860mm, and depth.
It was 900 mm long and held approximately 900 kg of molten aluminum, and the height of the molten metal was approximately 700 mm. The weight of the ladle including the contents was approximately 2300 kg.

(3) Fixing method: Approximately 730°C molten aluminum from inlet 17
The ladle 2, which received 900 kg of hot water and was sealed, was placed and fixed on the loading platform 1 of a truck using a forklift. Two ladles were loaded onto one truck.

(4) Transportation method It took approximately 2 hours to transfer the metal from the receiving metal to the melting furnace where it will be used. On the way, we drove on a general road with a slope, but we were able to transport it safely. The temperature of the molten metal after 2 hours was approximately 650°C.

(5) Results of use There were no abnormalities inside the ladle, and it could be used for the next transportation.

Example 2 (1) The fixing device on the loading platform was the same as in Example 1.

(2) A ladle 2 with an electric heater 28 attached to the main body 20 shown in FIG. 7 was used. electric heater 28
uses 4.5mmφ Kanthal wire for the heating element,
Mullite tube is used for the support rod of the heating element,
These were molded with ceramic fiber to fix the Kanthal wire and to provide sufficient heat insulation on the back side of the heating element. An iron plate was installed in front of the heating element to prevent contact between the heating element and the lining material. Kanthal wire with a diameter of 7 mm was used for the terminal wire. An electric heater was installed around the entire circumference of the main body side wall up to about 1/3 of the height from the bottom. The power source was a generator mounted on the truck.

(3) The fixing method was the same as in Example 1.

(4) Transportation method During transportation, the product was heated with electricity. The time from receiving the melt to transferring it to the melting furnace where it will be used was approximately 6 hours.
Along the way, the vehicle passed through roads with slopes and curves, allowing it to be safely transported to remote locations. Receiving hot water temperature
The temperature was 730°C, and the molten metal temperature after 6 hours was about 650°C.

Example 3 (1) The fixing device on the loading platform was the same as in the example.

(2) As shown in FIG. 8, a silicon carbide heating element 3 is attached to the lid 16.
A ladle 2 equipped with an electric heater 29 consisting of a protective tube 37 and a protective tube 37 was used. For the protection tube 37, MT351 made of graphite silicon carbide and manufactured by Nippon Crucible Co., Ltd. was used. The length of the protection tube was set so that it almost touched the hot water surface. Since this protective tube is made of a refractory material that is resistant to corrosion against molten aluminum, it could be used even if the tip was slightly immersed in the molten metal.

(3) The fixing method was the same as in Example 1.

(4) The transportation method was the same as in Example 2, and the material could be transported safely.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention can deliver molten metal to the user in a timely manner, so the user can save energy, improve yield, and reduce melting costs, and the supplier can save energy and reduce melting costs. Since it can be delivered in a molten state, it saves the labor of casting into ingots, has the effect of saving energy, and can also reduce product inventory, making it extremely effective for use in aluminum recycling plants, etc. be able to. Also, during transportation, the bottom of the ladle 2 with its opening sealed as described above is fixed on the loading platform 1 of the vehicle with the fixing device 3, and the upper part of the ladle 2 is secured with the tightening tool 8, the stopper 7, and the locking member. 6, etc., so there is no possibility of movement or wobbling on the loading platform 1, and there is no risk of hot water spilling due to tilting or vibration of the loading platform during transportation, making it extremely safe to transport molten metal. It has the advantage of being transportable on the road.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a front view of a ladle fixed on the loading platform of a vehicle, the following is an enlarged view, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the fixing device, and Fig. 3 is the fixing device. 4 is a perspective view of the fastener, FIG. 5 is a front view of the fastening device, FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing one example of the ladle, and FIG. 7 is another example of the ladle. longitudinal side view,
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing still another example of the ladle;
FIG. 9 is a front view showing the stopper opening/closing device of the spout, FIG. 10 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 11 is a front view of the stopper and nozzle. 1... Vehicle loading platform, 2... Ladle, 3... Fixing device, 4, 5... Fixing tool, 6... Locking member, 7...
Stopper, 8... Tightening tool, 9... Fork insertion member, 13... Ladle iron skin, 14... Insulating material, 15
... Lining refractory material, 16 ... Lid, 17 ... Mold inlet, 18 ... Pour spout, 19 ... Mold inlet small lid, 20
... Ladle body, 23 ... Screw, 24 ... Handle, 2
5... Hanging tool, 26... Screw shaft, 27... Clamp handle, 28, 29... Heater, 30...
Pouring nozzle, 31...stopper, 32...base shaft, 33...arm, 34...support plate, 35...
Toggle clamp device, 35″... Clamp handle, 36... Silicon carbide heating element, 37... Protection tube.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A pair of fixing devices 4, 4 of a predetermined length are fixed in parallel to the upper surface of the loading platform 1 of a truck at a predetermined interval in the width direction of the loading platform 1, and one side end thereof is fixed to the upper surface of the loading platform 1 of the truck. A longitudinal fixing device 5 is removably attached to the upper surface of the loading platform 1 in a U-shape with the fixing devices 4, 4, and a ladle 2 containing molten metal and having a sealed opening is fixed to the bottom surface. The fork insertion members 9, 9 of the provided forklift are engaged with the fixtures 4, 4, and 5 and placed on the loading platform 1, so that the fork insertion members 9, 9 of the forklift installed above are placed on the loading platform 1, so that they correspond to the upper part of the body of the ladle 2 and the upper surface of the loading platform 1, respectively. A method for transporting molten metal, in which a fastening tool 8 is latched and tightened between at least three pairs of locking members 6 and fasteners 7, which are provided at least three pairs, and the ladle 2 is transported by this truck. 2 A pair of fixtures 4, 4 of a predetermined length are placed on the loading platform 1.
are fixed parallel to each other at a predetermined distance in the width direction of the loading platform 1 so as to engage the fork insertion members 9, 9 on the bottom of the ladle 2 with molten metal stored therebetween and the opening sealed. Loading platform 1 at the end of the 1st side
A fixing device 3 is formed by removably attaching a fixing device 5 for securing the ends of the fork insertion members 9, 9 in a U-shape with the fixing devices 4, 4 to the upper surface. At least 3 on the loading platform 1 outside the device 3
A vehicle for transporting molten metal is provided with a stopper 7 for tightening the ladle 2 fixed thereon. 3 Inlet ports 1 each having a sealing device at the opening
7 and pouring spout 18, locking members 6 for tightening provided at at least three locations on the top of the main body 20, and a member 9 for inserting a forklift into a forklift provided at the bottom.
A ladle for transporting molten metal.