JPH0471654B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an automatic assembly device, and more particularly,
For example, in the process of assembling an engine part, the thrust metal is securely pressed and gripped by a rotating body that can be displaced in a predetermined direction under the action of an actuator, and the thrust metal is automatically and easily inserted between the crankshaft and the cylinder block. The present invention relates to an automatic assembly device configured to enable such assembly.

[Prior Art] Inside the engine of an automobile, etc., the linear motion of a piston, which is repeated at a fairly high speed, is converted into rotational motion of a crankshaft via a connecting rod. Therefore, a metal with excellent wear resistance is fitted to the sliding contact portions between the connecting rod and the crankshaft, as well as between the journal and the cylinder block, to suitably prevent the occurrence of wear and the like that is likely to occur in the sliding contact portions. . Further, a thrust metal made of a semicircular thin plate is loaded between the boundary between the journal of the crankshaft and the weight and the journal bearing of the cylinder block to prevent displacement of the crankshaft in the axial direction. The crankshaft is configured to rotate smoothly, and the crankshaft and cylinder block are in sliding contact to prevent wear and the like.

Incidentally, conventionally, the assembling work of the thrust metal has generally been carried out manually by an operator. That is, the journal of the crankshaft is manually placed on the journal bearing of the cylinder block, and then the semicircles formed at the boundary between the journal of the crankshaft and the weight and on both side walls of the journal bearing are placed. The assembly work is performed by inserting the thrust metal into the space defined between the groove and the groove.

In this way, in practice, the work of installing the thrust metal, etc., has to depend on the manual labor of the operator.
As a result, the assembly work has become extremely complicated and has poor workability, and as a result, the efficiency of the assembly process for the entire engine part cannot be achieved, and furthermore, the inconvenience of increasing the unit price of the product has become apparent. ing.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention has been made in order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages. By providing a gripping means that presses and holds the holder with a rotary body that can freely move forward and backward and swing under the action, even if the thrust metal fed into the groove is misaligned, the thrust metal can be held through the rotary body. This enables the thrust metal to be reliably positioned and held in the groove, thereby making it possible to automatically and easily assemble the thrust metal and to easily improve the efficiency of the assembling work. The purpose is to provide automatic assembly equipment.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an automatic assembly device that grips a part and automatically assembles the part into a predetermined loading position, which comprises: a holder in which a groove corresponding to the holder is formed; a slide base that is movable back and forth in a predetermined direction under the action of a first actuator; an arm that is swingable relative to the holder; and a component that is supported by the arm and is disposed in a groove of the holder when the arm swings toward the holder under the action of the second actuator. It is characterized by comprising a rotating body that can be held under pressure.

[Embodiments] Next, preferred embodiments of the automatic assembly device according to the present invention in relation to the thrust metal supply device will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates an automatic assembly device according to the present invention. The automatic assembly device 10 includes a moving section 12, and the moving section 12 moves in at least two axes (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction) constituting an orthogonal coordinate system.
The upper end portion of a support plate 14 extending in the vertical direction is fixed to this moving portion 12 . The support plate 14 has a pair of parallel guide rails 1 extending vertically.
6a, 16b, and this support plate 14
A holding plate 18 is fixed to the upper part of the holding plate 18 so as to extend in the horizontal direction. A cylinder 20 is fixed to the holding plate 18 so as to be oriented vertically downward, and the main body 24 of the apparatus is suspended from the tip of a cylinder rod 22 extending from the cylinder 20.

The apparatus main body part 24 is configured to be able to move up and down vertically under the action of the cylinder 20 and guided by respective guide rails 16a and 16b. insertion mechanism 26 for insertion into the loading site of the
and a holding mechanism 28 for holding the thrust metal S.

As shown in FIG. 3, a first gear 32 is pivotally supported by a rotational drive shaft 30a of a rotational drive source 30 that constitutes the insertion mechanism 26. As shown in FIG. The first gear 32 meshes with a second gear 34 having a small diameter, and the second gear 34 meshes with a third gear 36. First gear 32
and the third gear 36 have the same diameter,
Links 40 are engaged through pin members 38a and 38b at positions eccentric from the respective centers by a predetermined distance.
In this case, it is preferable that the distance between the center of each gear 32, 36 and the pin member 38a, 38b is selected to be slightly smaller than the length of the radius of the outer periphery of the thrust metal S. At the lower end of the link 40 are locking pins 44a and 44b extending horizontally, respectively.
and the locking pins 44a, 44b.
faces the holding mechanism 28.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the device main body 2
A thrust metal holder 46 constituting the holding mechanism 28 is formed at the lower end of the thrust metal holder 4 . That is, the holder 46 is a hollow housing, and the holder 46
Curved grooves 48a and 48b corresponding to the shape of the thrust metal S are formed on both side surfaces of the thrust metal. The grooves 48a, 48b communicate with each other through the opening 50, and the locking pins 44a, 44b of the link 40 forming the insertion mechanism 26 are connected to the opening 50.
The grooves 48a and 48b enter the respective grooves 48a and 48b. Further, by providing the grooves 48a and 48b, thrust metal mounting protrusions 52a and 52b are formed, and the bottom surfaces of the protrusions 52a and 52b correspond to the outer peripheral surface of the journal of the crankshaft, which will be described later. It's curved.

Furthermore, gripping means 56a and 56b for holding the thrust metal S to the holder 46 are provided.

The gripping means 56a is a positioning plate 58a.
The positioning plate 58a is attached to the holder 4.
The end portion is fixed to 6 and extends in the horizontal direction.
A relatively large opening 60a is formed in the positioning plate 58a.
A holding plate 64a is supported at the upper corner of 8a via mounting stands 62a, 62a. A first cylinder 66a is attached to the holding plate 64a so as to be oriented in the vertical direction.
A rod 68a extends vertically downward. Further, a stopper 69a is screwed onto the holding plate 64a, and one end portion of guide bars 70a, 70a is fixed to both outer sides of the stopper 69a, respectively. A support 72a is attached to the other ends of the guide bars 70a, 70a, and a recess 74a is formed in the support 72a.

Here, a slide base 76a is disposed so as to be movable up and down while being guided by respective guide bars 70a, 70a. Guide parts 78a, 78a are attached to both sides of the slide base 76a, respectively, and guide bars 70a, 7 are attached to the center of the guide parts 78a, 78a.
0a is fitted, and coil springs 80a,
80a is interposed.

As shown in FIG. 2, a bulging housing portion 82a is formed at the bottom of the slide base 76a.
A rod 84a is slidably fitted into 2a. A large diameter portion 86a is formed at one end of the rod 84a, and the large diameter portion 86a is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the housing portion 82a.
A roller 92 is connected to the other end of 4a via a pin 90a.
a is rotatably supported. In this case, the housing part 8
A coil spring 94a is interposed within the rod 84a, and a second cylinder 94 is installed at one end of the rod 84a.
6a is engaged.

That is, the mounting plate 97 is attached to the slide base 76a.
The second cylinder 96a is attached to the mounting plate 97a, and the piston rod 9 extends horizontally from the second cylinder 96a.
8a enters into the housing portion 82a and engages with the rod 84a.

On the other hand, a support portion 100a is formed to protrude outward toward the other end of the slide base 76a, and the arm 100a is connected to the support portion 100a via a pin 102a.
4a is swingably arranged. The arm 104
a has a bent shape, and a coil spring 106a is interposed between the end where the pin 102a is provided and the slide base 76a. At that time, the roller 9 located below the coil spring 106a
2a is in sliding contact with the end surface 108a of the arm 104a, and the lower end of the end surface 108a is largely cut out to form a narrow rod shape, and a roller 112a is rotatably supported on this lower end via a pin 110a. Ru.

Note that the gripping means 56b is the aforementioned gripping means 56.
It is constructed in the same manner as a, and the same reference numeral is given to one component with the suffix b, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a mounting plate 114 is fixed to the device main body 24, and thrust metal supporting cylinders 116a and 1 are attached to the mounting plate 114, respectively.
16b is installed and the cylinders 116a, 11
Pressing plates 120a, 120b are engaged with the rods 118a, 118b of 6b. In this case, the holder 46 includes the pressing plates 120a and 120b.
It is preferable to form grooves 122a and 122b for the insertion thereof.

The automatic assembly device according to the present invention is basically constructed as described above, and its operation and effects will be explained next.

First, the assembly device 10 is moved to a thrust metal supply position (not shown). That is, when the cylinder 20 is driven to displace the cylinder rod 22 in the vertically downward direction after the moving part 12 is displaced in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the apparatus main body 24 suspended thereon moves along the guide rails 16a, 16b and descends. Therefore, the device main body 24 is positioned at a predetermined thrust metal supply position.

At that time, the first cylinders 66a, 66b and the second cylinder 9 constituting the gripping means 56a, 56b
6a and 96b are deactivated. Therefore, the slide bases 76a and 76b are connected to the coil springs 80.
a, 80a and 80b, 80b, and is displaced vertically upward and held in contact with stoppers 69a, 69b. In addition, arms 104a, 10
4b swings through the elastic force of the coil springs 106a, 106b, and the respective rollers 112a, 1
12b is positioned apart from the holder 46.

Next, the thrust metal S is conveyed to the grooves 48a and 48b of the holder 46 under the action of a supply mechanism (not shown), and the thrust metal S is transferred to the protrusion 52.
a, 52b. And cylinder 1
Rod 118 under the driving action of 16a, 116b
a, 118b to the holder 46 side, the pressing plates 120a, 120b, which are engaged with the rods 118a, 118b, move into the grooves 122a, 122.
b and presses and holds the thrust metal S placed on the protrusions 52a and 52b.

Therefore, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the first
Drive the cylinder 66a to move the piston rod 68a
When the piston rod 68a is displaced vertically downward, the piston rod 68a comes into contact with the slide base 76a and presses it vertically downward. Therefore, the slide base 76a descends against the elastic force of the coil springs 80a, 80a that engage with the respective guide portions 78a, 78a. Furthermore, the second cylinder 96
a to move the piston rod 98a into the holder 46.
When the piston rod 98a is displaced to the side, the piston rod 98a pushes the rod 84a disposed inside the housing 82a against the elastic force of the coil spring 94a and pushes the rod 84a into the holder 46.
Press to the side. Therefore, the roller 92a supported by the rod 84a is connected to the end surface 108a of the arm 104a.
The arm 104a contacts and presses the roller 112a toward the holder 46, and the arm 104a swings the roller 112a toward the holder 46 against the elastic force of the coil spring 106a. As a result, the roller 112
At step a, the thrust metal S held in the groove 48a of the holder 46 is firmly fixed to the holder 46.

On the other hand, the gripping means 56b is similarly driven to firmly hold the thrust metal S in the groove 48b via the roller 112b.

At this time, the thrust metal S is held in the holder 46 with its lower end surface inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, and the locking pins 44a and 44b that constitute the insertion mechanism 26 are engaged with the end surface located in the vertically upward direction. (See Figure 3).

Next, under the driving action of the cylinder 20, the device main body section 24 is displaced vertically upward, and the moving section 1
2 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions to move the automatic assembly device 10 to a working position where the cylinder block 130 and crankshaft 132 are disposed. In this case, as shown in FIG.
A thrust metal loading portion 14 is mounted between the weights 138, 138 on both sides of the journal 136 and the journal bearing portion 134.
0,140 is formed.

Therefore, when the device main body 24 is displaced vertically downward from above the journal 136 under the driving action of the cylinder 20, first, the end of the thrust metal S enters between the respective weights 138, and then,
As the holder 46 enters between the weights 138, 138, the rollers 112a, 112b holding the thrust metal S approach the weights 138, 138, respectively. At that time, if the first cylinders 66a and 66b are deenergized, the roller 1
The slide bases 76a, 76b are moved by the coil springs 80 under the action of the second cylinders 96a, 96b which press the arms 104a, 104b to hold the thrust metal S by the thrust metals 12a, 112b.
a, 80a and 80b, 80b are held in position against the elastic force. Therefore, if the device body 24 is further displaced vertically downward under the driving action of the cylinder 20, the holder 46 will be lowered with the lower ends of the arms 104a, 104b abutting and supported by the weights 138, 138. It turns out. Therefore, the rollers 112a, 112b roll in the direction of the arrow in FIG. This leads to separation from S.

Further, when the second cylinders 96a, 96b are deenergized, the rods 84a, 84b are moved to the rollers 92a, 92b via the elastic force of the coil springs 94a, 96b.
The arms 104a, 104b are displaced together with the rollers 92b in a direction away from the holder 46, and the holding action of the arms 104a, 104b by the rollers 92a, 92b is released. Therefore, the slide bases 76a, 76b are attached to the coil springs 80a, 80a and 80b, 80b.
It is displaced vertically upward through the elastic force of , and is held in contact with the stoppers 69a and 69b. Further, in this case, the arms 104a, 104b swing and displace the rollers 112a, 112b in a direction away from the holder 46 via the elastic force of the coil springs 106a, 106b. As a result, the rollers 112a and 112b are effectively separated from the crankshaft 132. And cylinder 11
6a, 116b to drive the rods 118a, 11
8b is displaced in the direction away from the thrust metal S, the pressing plates 120a, 120b are separated from the thrust metal S and the grooves 122a, 1
Leaves 22b.

In this way, the gripping action of the thrust metal S by the holding mechanism 28 is released, and the insertion mechanism 26 is driven. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotational drive source 30 is driven to rotate the rotational drive shaft 30a.
When the is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the first gear 32 pivotally supported by the first gear 32 rotates, and the third gear 3 is rotated through the second gear 34, which has a small diameter and meshes with the first gear 32.
6 rotates. In this case, the first gear 32 and the third gear 36 have the same diameter, and the pin members 38a, 38b are spaced equally apart from the centers of the gears 32, 36, respectively. Therefore, under the driving action of the rotary drive source 30, the link 40 is displaced in the direction of the arrow while being oriented in the vertical direction via the first gear 32 and the third gear 36, and the link 40 is implanted at the lower end of the link 40. The locking pins 44a and 44b are located in the groove 4.
8a and 48b in the direction of the arrow. As a result, the thrust metal S inserted into the grooves 48a, 48b rotates along the curved shape of the grooves 48a, 48b with one end engaged with the locking pins 44a, 44b, so that the weight 138 ，
138 and the thrust metal loading portions 140, 140 of the journal bearing portion 134.

Next, after displacing the device main body 24 vertically upward under the driving action of the cylinder 20 and displacing the moving section 12 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, the automatic assembly device 10 is moved as described above. It is positioned at a thrust metal supply position (not shown) and grips new thrust metal S.

In this case, according to the present invention, even if the thrust metal S fed into the automatic assembly device 10 at the thrust metal supply position is not accurately positioned with respect to the holder 46, the thrust metal S can be reliably It becomes possible to hold it and smoothly incorporate it into the thrust metal loading site 140.

That is, as described above, when feeding the thrust metal S to the holder 46, the cylinders 66a, 66b and 96a, 96b are deenergized and the rollers 112a, 112b are moved to the holder 46.
It is separated from After the thrust metal S enters the grooves 48a and 48b of the holder 46, the rollers 112a and 112b are lowered integrally with the slide bases 76a and 76b under the driving action of the first cylinders 66a and 66b. Next, the arm 104 drives the second cylinders 96a, 96b and supports the rollers 112a, 112b.
a, 104b are oscillated toward the holder 46, and the thrust metal S is firmly held against the holder 46 by the rollers 112a, 112b.

In this way, since the rollers 112a and 112b press and hold the thrust metal S by swinging from the outside of the holder 46, if the thrust metal S is not securely placed on the protrusion 52a, for example, Even if the thrust metal S is
can be reliably held within the groove portion 48a.

In particular, in the case where the thrust metal S is automatically fed into the automatic assembly device 10, the holder 4
However, in the automatic assembly device 10, even if the thrust metal S has shifted, it is possible to accurately and reliably hold the thrust metal S in the holder 46. I can do it. As a result, it becomes possible to automatically perform the work of supplying the thrust metal S to the automatic assembly device 10, and the effect that the entire assembling work of the thrust metal S can be easily automated is obtained.

Moreover, the rollers 112a, 112b constituting the respective gripping means 56a, 56b are connected to the pin 110a,
It is rotatably supported by arms 104a and 104b via 110b. For this reason, the holder 46
When pushing the thrust metal S held by the thrust metal S into the thrust metal loading portion 140, the rollers 112a and 112b do not roll on the thrust metal S and cause damage to the thrust metal S.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the gripping means for firmly holding the thrust metal fed into the groove formed in the holder against the holder via the swingable roller is provided. It is set up. Therefore, even if the thrust metal is fed with a misalignment with respect to the groove, the thrust metal is reliably held in the holder via the roller that is oscillatedly displaced from the outside of the holder. I can do it. Therefore, in particular, it becomes possible to automatically feed the thrust metal to the automatic assembly device, and it is possible to automate the assembly work of relatively thin parts such as the thrust metal, and also to automate the assembly work of relatively thin parts such as the thrust metal. The effect is that the work can be efficiently accomplished all at once.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various improvements and changes in design are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially omitted perspective view of an automatic assembly device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially omitted side view of the automatic assembly device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a part of the automatic assembly device. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional front view and a partially omitted side view showing the driving state of the device of the present invention. 10... Automatic assembly device, 12... Moving part, 24
... Device main body, 26 ... Insertion mechanism, 28 ... Holding mechanism, 44a, 44b ... Locking pin, 46 ...
Holder, 48a, 48b... Groove, 56a, 56
b...Gripping means, 58a, 58b...Positioning plate, 66a, 66b...Cylinder, 76a,
76b...Slide base, 82a, 82b...
Housing part, 84a, 84b... Rod, 92a, 9
2b...Roller, 96a, 96b...Cylinder,
104a, 104b...Arm, 106a, 10
6b...Coil spring, 112a, 112b
……roller.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An automatic assembly device that grips a component and automatically assembles the component into a predetermined loading site, the holder having a groove corresponding to the shape of the component, and a first actuator. a slide base capable of moving forward and backward in a predetermined direction under the action of a second actuator; an arm swingably held by the slide base and swingable relative to the holder under the action of a second actuator; and a rotary body that is supported and capable of pressing and holding a component disposed in a groove of the holder when the arm is swung toward the holder under the action of the second actuator. Assembly equipment. 2. In the device according to claim 1,
The first actuator is substantially composed of a cylinder, and under the action of the cylinder, the slide base is displaced against the elastic force of an elastic body that engages with the slide base toward the part that fits into the groove. attached device. 3. In the device according to claim 1,
The second actuator is substantially composed of a cylinder, and forms a housing portion on the slide base, and
A roller that engages with the arm is supported at one end of the rod disposed in the housing via an elastic body, and the other end of the rod is moved under the action of the cylinder to resist the elastic force of the elastic body. The automatic assembling device is configured to press a component that fits into a groove with a rotating body supported by the arm by swinging the arm with the roller and pressing the component that fits into the groove. 4. In the device according to claim 3,
An automatic assembly device in which an arm is interposed with an elastic body that displaces a rotating body in a direction away from a component. 5. An automatic assembly device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the parts are made of thrust metal.