JPH0473059B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to the structure of an absorption refrigerator that includes a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, an absorption liquid line, and a refrigerant line.

[Prior art]

An example of the structure of a conventional refrigerator of this type is shown in FIG. The absorption refrigerator shown in the figure has a structure in which an absorber 2 and an evaporator 1 are arranged on the left and right sides, and a generator 4 and a condenser 3 are housed in a separate can body.

Further, a conventional example as shown in FIG. 3 can be seen as an improvement on the problems described later in the conventional example shown in FIG. 2 described above.

That is, in the one shown in Fig. 3, the evaporator 1 and absorber 2 are arranged one above the other, and the condenser 3 and generator 4 are housed together in the round can body. 4, evaporator 1, and absorber 2 are arranged in this order.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the conventional devices as described above have the following problems.

That is, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 2, if the outer width dimension is to be reduced, the number of columns of two absorber tube bundles must be increased. Absorber 2
The tube bundle forms a tube leakage surface using a solution dispersion method, and the solution flows from the upper tube row to the lower tube row in the evaporator 1.
Since the solution drips while absorbing the refrigerant vapor from the lower tube bundle, if there are many tube rows, the solution that reaches the tubes in the lower tube bundle is already saturated and cannot retain much absorption capacity, making it less effective. There will be waste.

On the other hand, if an attempt is made to increase the number of tubes in the width direction by decreasing the number of rows, the width dimension of the can body increases.

Since the absorber 2 tube bundle and the evaporator 1 tube bundle are arranged on the left and right, there is a possibility that solution spray droplets on the absorber 2 tube bundle will enter the evaporator 1 side. In addition to the entrainment of refrigerant liquid droplets from the evaporator 1 side, it is necessary to consider droplet separation in both directions to prevent solution droplets from transferring from the absorber side. The structure of the droplet separator becomes complex and its dimensions increase.

Further, when the solution spraying liquid comes into contact with the lower liquid reservoir partition wall of the evaporator 1, the absorption solution may be cooled below the crystallization temperature and crystals may form on the partition wall surface. In this case, it is necessary to provide a heat insulating layer as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-10471, and the structure becomes complicated.

If the upper generator 4 and condenser 3 are provided in separate can bodies from the absorber 2 and evaporator 1, it is necessary to provide a connecting pipe 6 between the upper and lower shells. It is necessary to provide a space 7 between the upper shell and the lower shell for airtightness check and repair in case of airtightness failure, which becomes an obstacle in reducing the external dimensions.

Furthermore, considering the manufacturing process, since the upper and lower shells are manufactured separately, twice the work space is required. It takes a lot of setup time, such as positioning the tube plates at both ends.

When considering heat insulation and cold insulation construction, the external contact area around the evaporator 1 and generator 4 is large, and the construction also involves many bends, which increases the construction cost.

There are problems such as.

In addition, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 3, the generator 4, which is a high temperature part, is located above the evaporator 1, which is the lowest temperature part in the absorption cycle, so that heat loss is large.

Since it is necessary to house the vertical multi-stage heat exchanger in the round can body, the number of rows of evaporators 1 is reduced and the height direction is made small, so the evaporative refrigerant passage from the evaporator 1 is The structure is complicated because it is provided on the left and right sides, and each side has a refrigerant liquid separator.

The refrigerant passage 9 leading from the evaporator 1 housed inside the can body to the external refrigerant pump is undesirable in an absorption refrigerator, which is a vacuum container that must be airtight, since it increases the difficulty in manufacturing.

It has the following problems.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional ones, reduces the number of rows of heat transfer tubes in the absorber, has a small width dimension of the container, has a simple structure, and has low heat loss. The purpose is to provide a machine.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has a generator 4 in the upper part of one container.
and a condenser 3 are arranged in parallel via a communication path, and an evaporator is arranged in the middle section almost directly below the condenser 3 via a top plate 12 with a pressure reduction mechanism 15, and the generator 4, an evaporative refrigerant passage 10 is provided on one side of the evaporator 1 and communicated with the evaporator 1 to separate the generator 4 from the evaporator 1, and to connect the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 and the evaporator. 1, an absorber 2 is provided at the lower stage directly below the evaporator 1, the absorber 2 is connected to the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 on one side away from the evaporator, and has a solution dispersion section below the bottom of the evaporator 1. be.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described using the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the evaporator 1 and the absorber 2 are arranged in the middle part of the container, and the evaporator 1 is arranged above the absorber 2, which is arranged in the lower part of the container. An evaporative refrigerant passage 1 which is arranged to be shifted to one side and guides the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator 1.
0 is provided only on the shifted side, and a space 11 is provided below the evaporator 1 on the opposite side.

Further, the condenser 3 and the generator 4 are horizontally arranged side by side in the upper part of the container, and the condenser 3 is connected to the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 almost above the evaporator 1 via a pressure reducing mechanism 15.
The generator 4 is arranged substantially above the evaporator 1 and the top plate 12 of the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 as a partition wall.

Note that in this embodiment, the top plate 12 which is the bottom plate of the condenser
A side plate 14 extending across the bottom plate 13 of the evaporator 1 is recessed inward from the ends of the bottom plate 13.

With this configuration, the tube bundle of the evaporator 1 can be made vertically long, and the tube bundle of the absorber 2 can be made wider in the width direction by reducing the number of rows.
Since a sufficient passage area can be maintained on one side of the evaporator 1, and the refrigerant vapor is introduced into the absorber 2 tube group from above, it is parallel to the direction of dispersion of the absorption solution.
It can exhibit a uniform absorption effect.

Further, the solution sprayed liquid in the absorber 2 can be prevented from scattering toward the evaporator 1 side by placing the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 upward, and the sprayed liquid can be prevented from scattering toward the evaporator 1 by the wall body containing the refrigerant liquid. Since there is no contact with the liquid and it is insulated, there is no need to worry about crystals forming on the partition surface of the absorption liquid.

As mentioned above, the arrangement of the condenser 3 and generator 4 is such that the generator 4, which is a high-temperature part, is placed adjacent to the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 through the top plate 12 and separated from the evaporator 1, thereby reducing heat loss. The amount can be ignored.

The space below the evaporator 1 is designed to provide thermal insulation from the absorber 2, and is designed to be used in cold regions or where operation is long during the year.
In the case of a refrigerator that is often operated with a low cooling water temperature and a relatively low absorption solution concentration, a refrigerant reservoir 16 may be provided in advance in this space.

An absorption refrigerator is an assembly of the heat exchangers evaporator 1, absorber 2, condenser 3, and generator 4, and in a refrigerator that uses LiBr solution as an absorbent and water as a refrigerant, The temperature of each heat exchanger is 2 to 10℃ for the evaporator and 30 to 50℃ for the absorber for general air conditioning applications.
℃, 30 to 45℃ in the condenser, and 70 to 100℃ in the generator. Considering insulation, it is necessary to keep the evaporator cold and the generator warm. In this case, if the evaporator is not kept cool enough, condensation may occur, causing corrosion on the surface of the can body.
Since there are various problems such as wetness under the machine, it is necessary to apply it reliably. The conventional product has the above-mentioned construction difficulty, so cold insulation is uncertain and work costs are high.However, in this embodiment, the top plate 12, bottom plate 13, which is the bulkhead of the can body, are shown in the shaded area in Fig. 1. The cold insulation material 17 can be attached using the side plate 14, and there are fewer installation locations and the installation is also easy.

As shown in Figure 1, this structure is assembled by sharing the tube plate of each heat exchanger (evaporator, absorber, condenser, generator) and using the can body of each heat exchanger as a partition wall. This configuration has the advantage of being easy to manufacture and requiring only one work space.

2 and 3 of the conventional example show a double-effect absorption refrigerator, and FIG. 1 of the embodiment of the present invention shows a single-effect absorption refrigerator. This paper relates to the structure of an absorption refrigerating machine, and the absorption cycle can be applied to either single-effect or double-effect.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In the present invention, a generator and a condenser are arranged in parallel through a communication path in the upper part of one container, and an evaporator is arranged in the middle part almost directly below the condenser, and a top plate with a pressure reduction mechanism is installed in the middle part. and substantially directly below the generator, an evaporative refrigerant passage provided on one side of the evaporator and communicating with the evaporator to separate the generator from the evaporator; and an absorber connected to the evaporative refrigerant passage on one side remote from the evaporator and having a solution dispersion section below the bottom of the evaporator is provided in the lower part directly below the evaporator. The vapor refrigerant passage has a sufficient passage area on one side of the evaporator, and the refrigerant vapor is introduced from above into the absorber tube group, so it is parallel to the direction of dispersion of the absorption solution, ensuring a uniform absorption action within the absorber. In addition, by placing the evaporative refrigerant passage upward, it is possible to prevent the solution spraying liquid in the absorber that is located on one side away from the evaporator from scattering toward the evaporator side. Since it does not come into contact with the wall that houses the refrigerant liquid in the evaporator and is insulated, there is no need to worry about crystals of the absorbent liquid on the partition wall surface.Furthermore, the generator, which is a high-temperature part, can be placed on the top plate. By arranging the evaporative refrigerant passage through the evaporative refrigerant passage and separating it from the evaporator, heat loss can be made negligible, and the number of upper and lower stages of the absorber's heat transfer tube group can be reduced to make the absorption effect more effective. In addition, it avoids increasing the width of the container, prevents heat loss of the heating energy of the generator, and simplifies the structure because the evaporative refrigerant passage from the evaporator only needs to be on one side, and the eliminator only needs to be on one side. It is possible to provide an absorption refrigerator whose overall size is reduced, which is extremely effective in practice.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are flow diagrams of a conventional example. 1...evaporator, 2...absorber, 3...condenser,
4... Generator, 5... Droplet separator, 6... Connecting pipe, 7... Space, 8... Refrigerant pump, 9... Refrigerant passage, 10... Evaporative refrigerant passage, 11... Space, 1
2...Top plate, 13...Bottom plate, 14...Side plate, 15
...pressure reduction mechanism, 16 ... refrigerant reservoir, 17 ... cold insulation material.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In the upper part of one container, a generator 4 and a condenser 3 are arranged in parallel via a communication path, and in the middle part,
An evaporator is installed almost directly below the condenser 3, and a pressure reduction mechanism 1 is installed.
5, and an evaporative refrigerant passage 10 provided on one side of the evaporator 1 and communicating with the evaporator 1 is provided almost directly below the generator 4. is separated from the evaporator 1, and a lower part directly below the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 and the evaporator 1 is connected to the evaporative refrigerant passage 10 on one side away from the evaporator, and is lower than the bottom of the evaporator 1. An absorption refrigerating machine characterized by comprising an absorber 2 with a solution dispersion section below. 2. The absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator 1 is provided with a refrigerant liquid reservoir 16 in which the refrigerant liquid is stored at a lower position away from the bottom of the evaporator.