JPH0480515B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a cathode absorption type sealed lead acid battery.

In general, a cathode absorption type sealed lead acid battery has a structure in which oxygen gas generated from an anode plate during charging is absorbed into the cathode plate, reacts with the cathode active material, and prevents the gas from escaping to the outside.

Conventionally, this type of lead-acid battery has a group of electrode plates that are stacked alternately with a retainer interposed between the required number of negative and anode plates to impregnate and hold the electrolyte, and the electrodes are housed in a battery case. Generally, the entire surface of the plate group is immersed, or a slightly larger amount of electrolyte is injected and immersed for charging and discharging, and the liquid level is such that the entire surface of the electrode plate must be immersed at all times. It was hot. Therefore, there were problems such as poor absorption reaction of oxygen gas on the cathode plate.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks by setting the liquid level in the battery case to 1/2 to 1/10 of the height of the electrode plate, and above the electrolyte level, the battery case wall and the electrode plate are connected to each other. To provide a sealed lead-acid battery having a structure in which a gap is provided on at least one side between the cathode plates at both ends of the group to improve the cathode absorption reaction of gas and improve the performance of the battery.

Embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings: 1
6 is a group of electrode plates formed by alternately stacking the required number of cathode plates 2, retainers 3, and anode plates 4, with a pole column 5 planted on top; 6 is a group of electrode plates 1 placed and stored on the tank bottom 7. A battery case 8 includes both end plates (cathode plates) 2' of the electrode plate group 1 and the battery case 6 in order to apply a predetermined group pressure to the electrode plate group 1 when storing the electrode plate group 1 in the battery case 6. 10 is an electrolytic solution, and A indicates the liquid level. Reference numeral 11 denotes a wall portion 9 between the upper part of the battery case 6, that is, the back surface of the upper lid 12, or a gap between the cathode plates 2' at both ends of the electrode plate group 1.

By setting the liquid level A of the electrolytic solution 10 injected into the battery container 6 to 1/2 to 1/10 of the height of the electrode plates, the cathode plates 2' at both ends of the electrode plate group 1 and the wall portion 9 There is a gap 11 between the height of the battery container 6 and the liquid level A of the electrolytic solution 10.
appears. In a cathode absorption type sealed lead-acid battery, oxygen gas generated from the anode plate 4 is absorbed by the cathode plate 2 and reacted with it, but most of the absorption and reaction portion occurs in the cathode at both ends of the electrode plate group 1. The cathode plates 2' at both ends are responsible for both the discharge action and the gas absorption reaction action, and there is a plate surface on the top of the electrode plate group 1 that is not immersed in the electrolyte. However, the retainer 3 interposed between the negative and positive electrode plates is impregnated with and retained an electrolyte, and furthermore, the retainer 3 is impregnated with an electrolytic solution and has a height of 1/2 to 1/10 of the plate height.
There is electrolyte seepage from the electrolyte 10 having a high liquid level, so that the retainer 3 is always impregnated with a sufficient amount of electrolyte and is always in a liquid-rich state, thereby improving the performance of the lead-acid battery of the present invention. At the same time, it becomes possible to bring the cathode absorption reaction into a favorable state.

Figure 2 shows an example of the effect of the gas reaction efficiency and capacity on the liquid level height of the storage battery of the present invention. According to this figure, as the liquid level height increases, the gas reaction efficiency slightly decreases. However, under normal usage conditions (floating charge state), this is hardly a problem.

In this case, the cathode absorption reaction is carried out in a so-called three-phase manner by providing a gap 11 between the wall 9 of the battery container 6 above the liquid level and the cathode plates 2' at both ends of the electrode plate group 1. A state is formed in which the electrode plate, electrolyte, and air (in this case, oxygen gas) are in contact with each other, and the reaction with the oxygen gas generated from the anode plate 4 easily occurs at this portion. The reason why the liquid level height A of the electrolytic solution 10 is set to 1/2 to 1/10 of the electrode plate height is that the effect varies slightly depending on the number of electrode plates and the electrode plate height (size). As described above, the retainer 3 used in a sealed lead-acid battery is constructed by inserting an electrode plate (anode plate 4 or cathode plate 2) into a bag-shaped bag made of glass fiber impregnated with electrolyte 10 in advance. 1
Even after inserting this electrode plate group 1 into the battery case 6, charging and discharging is normally performed using the electrolytic solution impregnated into the retainer 3 without injecting any electrolytic solution. In the present invention, the electrolytic solution is further injected at a liquid level of 1/2 to 1/10 of the height of the electrode plate in order to maintain the amount of electrolytic solution impregnated in the retainer 3 at a constant level. By the way, when this liquid amount is made larger than this limited liquid level, the absorption area of the cathode plate which absorbs the oxygen gas generated from the anode plate 4 decreases, and the reaction action is inhibited. Therefore, the battery performance is improved by setting the amount of electrolyte within a range that does not affect the gas absorption reaction to the cathode.

As mentioned above, the sealed lead-acid battery of the present invention has extremely good industrial value, as it allows the cathode absorption reaction to occur in an extremely good condition, greatly improving the storage battery performance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sealed lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a characteristic curve diagram showing the effects of gas reaction efficiency and capacity on electrolyte level height of the sealed lead-acid battery of the present invention. be. 1 is a group of electrode plates, 2 is a cathode plate, 2' is a cathode plate at both ends,
3 is a retainer, 4 is an anode plate, 6 is a battery case, 9 is a wall, 10 is an electrolytic solution, A is a liquid level, and 11 is a gap.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A retainer impregnated with electrolyte is interposed between the negative and anode plates, and oxygen gas generated from the anode plate during charging is absorbed into the cathode plate and reacted with the cathode active material, thereby preventing gas from escaping to the outside. In a sealed lead-acid battery of cathode absorption type, the electrolyte level is set at 1/2 to 1/10 of the electrode plate height, and the cell wall and both ends of the electrode plate group are A sealed lead-acid battery characterized by forming a void on at least one side between the cathode plates.