JPH048161B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a turret head unit used for milling and the like.

(Prior technology) In addition to numerically controlled lathes, milling machines, machining centers, etc., machine tools responsible for factory automation are equipped with a turret head with a large number of spindles arranged radially on the main shaft of the main body, and are capable of various milling processes. There is also a mirror that performs drilling and drilling continuously (sometimes called a turret mirror).

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in conventional machine tools of this type, most of the positioning and clamping operations of the turret head were performed by hydraulic mechanisms, and as a result, the structure was complicated. However, while the device became larger, there was a problem in that it was not possible to obtain very good indexing accuracy. In addition, the hydraulic mechanism has poor responsiveness, and therefore has the problem of not being able to sufficiently respond to the shortening and speeding up of machining processes that have been particularly required in recent years.

(Means for Solving the Problems) This invention provides a turret that is rotatable on a base surface via a central axis, a meshing joint formed on each opposing circumferential surface of the base and the turret, and a turret that rotates on the turret. A large number of rotating spindles arranged in a radial direction, a clutch plate attached to the rear end of each rotating spindle, a clutch body facing the clutch plate at a predetermined position, and a main electric motor that rotationally drives the clutch body via a belt etc. a slider that connects and disconnects the clutch body to the opposing clutch plate; and a spring means that retracts the center shaft so that the meshing joint meshes with the clutch plate.
An arm that separates the turret from the base surface against the spring means, a rotation mechanism that rotates the turret by a predetermined angle, a cam mechanism that drives the slider, the arm, and the rotation mechanism, respectively, and the cam. and an electric motor that drives the mechanism, and the cam mechanism has a disc-shaped cam plate integrally equipped with at least a face cam that drives a slider and a groove cam that drives an arm, and the cam mechanism Accordingly, the forward and backward movement of the central shaft and the connection and disconnection movement of the clutch plate are configured to be performed synchronously at predetermined timings.

(Operation) When the cam plate is rotated with the spindle stopped rotating, first the slider is moved by the face cam, and the clutch body is separated from the clutch plate of the spindle. Second, the arm is swung by the grooved cam that rotates integrally with the face cam, and the central shaft is advanced against the spring force, thereby lifting the turret from the base surface. As a result, the meshing joint is disengaged and the turret can be rotated, so that the rotation mechanism can rotate the turret by a predetermined angle. When the cam plate is further rotated after the turret has been rotated by a predetermined angle in this way, the arm swings in the opposite direction, causing the central shaft to move back, the turret to sit on the base surface again, and the clutch body to move toward the clutch plate. connected to. When the turret is seated on the base surface, the turret is firmly positioned at the index position by the meshing joint and the spring force that biases the meshing state.

As described above, in this invention, at least the forward/backward movement of the turret and the engagement/disconnection movement of the clutch are performed synchronously by the rotation of one disk-shaped cam plate, so that the position indexing of the turret and the clutch movement can be easily performed. Operations can be performed accurately and at high speed at any time.

(Example) Figures 1 to 3 show the external appearance of the turret head unit, and Figures 4 to 8 show its internal structure, where 1 is a box-shaped base, 2 is a 6-axis turret, 3 is a main motor for cutting, and 4 is a motor for operations such as indexing.

The turret 2 is rotatably disposed on one surface of the base via a central shaft 5, a bearing 6, and a metal sleeve 7, and a ring gear attached to the opposing circumferential surfaces of the base 1 and the turret 2 when not rotating. It is fixed to one surface of the base via a mesh type joint (carbic coupling) 8 in the form of a shape.

A large number of spindles 10 supported by bearings 9 are arranged radially around the turret 2, and the tip of each spindle 10 forms a collect chuck 12 for a roots holder 11 to which a tool such as a milling tool is attached.

A clutch plate 13 is fixed to the rear end of each spindle 10, and a clutch body 14 is disposed inside to face the clutch plate 13 and selectively connect with the clutch plate 13 at a predetermined position.

The clutch body 14 has a shaft 16 with a clutch plate 15 fixed to its tip, which is interposed in a body block 18 via a bearing 17, and has two bars 20 and one bar 20 attached to a bracket 19 attached to the base 1 surface. It is supported in a biased state in the radial direction of the turret 2 via a pressing spring (not shown).

The tip of a slider 22 (described later) is engaged with a hole 21 provided at the bottom of the main body block 18, and the clutch main body 14 moves in response to the operation of the slider 22.
The clutch plate 15 is connected to and disconnected from the clutch plate 13 of the spindle 10.

A main electric motor 3 is attached to the rear end of the shaft 16 of the clutch body 14.
A pulley 25 is attached to the pulley 25 connected to the pulley 23 via a belt 24, and when the clutch plates 13 and 15 are connected, the rotation of the main motor 3 is transmitted to the corresponding spindle 10.

On the other hand, inside the base 1, there is an arm 2 that separates the turret 2 from the base 1 surface via the central axis 5.
6 is arranged.

The arm 26 has a bifurcated fork 2.
7 surrounds the central axis 5, and the tip thereof is formed on the guide support 28 of the metal sleeve 7.
A roller 3 is rotatably supported around 9 as a fulcrum and engages with the central shaft 5 inside the fork 27.
0 is attached.

A collar 31 that contacts the roller 30 is fixed to the center shaft 5 of the upper part of the roller 30 by a key 52, and one tooth 32 of a meshing clutch (multi-toothed clutch) is formed on the upper flange of the collar 31.

The lower part of the roller 30 is in contact with the upper end of the metal sleeve 7, and the metal sleeve 7 supports the central shaft 5 freely and has a predetermined plate that urges the central shaft 5 so that the meshing joint 8 meshes with the metal sleeve 7. The spring (spring means) 33 is connected to the metal sleeve 7 by the nut 59.
is inserted at the lower end of the

By operating the arm 26 in the direction of the arrow using the tip of the fork 27 as a fulcrum, the center shaft 5 moves in the axial direction against the disk spring 33, and at this time the meshing joint 8 separates and the turret 2 moves away from the base 1 surface. It's starting to float.

On the other hand, as a rotation mechanism for rotating the turret 2 by a predetermined angle, a link 34 is provided which performs position indexing together with the multi-tooth clutch.

The link 34 is adjustable in length and is connected to the collar 3.
It is connected to one end of a wheel 35 rotatably fitted to the center shaft 5 directly above the center shaft 1 through a pin 36, and the wheel 35 is swung at a predetermined angle in response to the reciprocating motion of the wheel 35.

A stopper 38 from the base 1 engages with a groove 37 formed in the cylindrical portion of the wheel 35 so as not to move in the direction of the central axis 5, and teeth 39 corresponding to the teeth 32 of the collar 31 are formed on the lower surface of the wheel 35. be done. 40 indicates a liner.

When the collar 31 moves in the axial direction together with the center shaft 5 due to the operation of the arm 26, the teeth 32 and 39 of the collar 31 and the wheel 35 mesh with each other, and by moving the link 34, the collar 31 and the center shaft 5 are moved. The turret 2 is rotated.

A cam mechanism 41 that drives the link 34, arm 26, and slider 22 is provided.

The cam mechanism 41 includes a face cam 4 on one side of a circular cam plate 42 that is rotated by an electric motor 4 for operation.
3 and the first grooved cam 44, and the second grooved cam 4 on the other side.
5 are formed respectively.

The face cam 43 is formed along the periphery of the cam plate 42, and a roller 46 attached to the rear end of the slider 22 is engaged with the face cam 43. The slider 22 has an intermediate portion rotatably supported by the base 1 via a pin 47, and responds to a face cam 43 to move the clutch body 14 to the clutch plate 13 of the spindle 10.
disconnect with.

A first grooved cam 44 is formed inside the face cam 43, and a roller 48 attached to the rear end of the arm 26 is engaged with the first grooved cam 44. The arm 26 is operated by the grooved cam 44 in the direction of the arrow with the bracket 29 as a fulcrum, thereby separating the turret 2 from the base 1 surface via the collar 31 and the central shaft 5, and at the same time connecting the collar 31 to the wheel 35. .

A lever 49 rotatably supported on the base 1 side at one end is engaged with the second grooved cam 45 via a roller 50 attached to the center, and the rear end of the link 34 is connected to the other end of the lever 49. They are connected by pins 51. The lever 49 is swung in the direction of the arrow along the grooved cam 45, and the link 34 reciprocates accordingly.
Wheel 35 is rocked. When the link 34 moves forward, the arm 26 connects the wheel 35 and the collar 31, and at this time the turret 2 is rotated by a predetermined angle (60°) via the central shaft 5. Also,
When the link 34 moves back, the collar 31 touches the wheel 35
, and only the wheel 35 returns to its original position.

The above-mentioned clutch operation by this cam mechanism 41 (the clutch body 14 and the clutch plate 1 of the spindle 10)
3), clamping operation (contacting and disengaging turret 2 from the base 1 surface), and indexing operation (rotation of turret 2) are performed once per rotation of cam plate 42, and as shown in FIG. The shape of each cam 43, 44, 45 is selected so as to have the operating characteristics as shown.

Note that the electric motor 4 is a step motor that rotates once in response to one input signal. Further, numerals 53 to 58 in FIG. 4 indicate sensors for detecting the indexing position of the turret 2.

With such a configuration, for example, when one cutting process is completed and the main motor 3 is stopped and the motor 4 is driven with the rotation of the spindle 10 stopped, the face cam 43 of the cam mechanism 41 first moves the slider 2
2 is activated, and the clutch body 14 is connected to the spindle 10.
is released from the clutch plate 13. Next, the arm 26 is operated by the first grooved cam 44, and the turret 2 is separated from the base 1 surface (the meshing joint 8 is separated), and the collar 31 is connected to the wheel 35. After this connection, the ring 34 is moved forward by the second grooved cam 45, and the turret 2 is rotated by 60 degrees via the wheel 35 and collar 31.

When this rotation is completed, the arm 26 returns to its original position, the turret 2 is fixed to the base 1 via the meshing joint 8, and the collar 31 is separated from the wheel 35. After this, the link 34 moves back, and the slider 22 returns to its original position.
The clutch body 14 is connected to the clutch plate 13 of the next spindle 10.

When the main motor 3 is driven in this state, the spindle 10 rotates and the next cutting process begins.

In this way, the rotating clutching action of the spindle 10, the clamping action of the turret 2, and the indexing action are performed.

Therefore, compared to using a hydraulic mechanism,
The device does not become complicated or large, the cam mechanism 41 ensures extremely smooth operation, and excellent indexing accuracy of the turret 2 is obtained.

Furthermore, the cam mechanism 41 provides reliable and quick response for each operation, improving the reliability of the device, and thereby sufficiently shortening the machining process.
It is possible to increase the speed.

This turret head has a compact unit structure, so it can be easily installed on each processing line when automating a factory, and it is also fully compatible with line changes. and has high versatility.

(Effects of the Invention) Smooth and responsive movements of the clutch, clamp, and index as well as high indexing accuracy can be obtained, improving reliability as a machine tool, and further shortening and speeding up the machining process. Further, the present invention has the advantage that the above effects can be achieved with a simple structure.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 are a front view, a side view, and a rear view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4. , FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. 4, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are cross-sectional views of FIG.
FIG. 9, which is a view taken from the line C-C and line D-D in the figure, is a diagram showing the operating characteristics of the clutch, clamp, and index. 1...Base, 2...Turret, 3...Main motor, 4...Electric motor, 8...Meshing joint, 10...
Spindle, 13...Clutch plate, 14...Clutch body, 22...Slider, 26...Arm,
31...Collar, 34...Link, 35...Wheel, 43...Face cam, 44...First groove cam, 45...Second groove cam, 49...Lever.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A turret that is rotatable on a base surface via a central axis, a meshing joint formed on each opposing circumferential surface of the base and the turret, a large number of rotating spindles arranged in the rotational radial direction on the turret, and A clutch plate attached to the rear end of the spindle, a clutch body facing the clutch plate at a predetermined position,
A main electric motor that rotationally drives the clutch body via a belt or the like, a slider that connects and disconnects the clutch body to the opposing clutch plate, a spring means that pulls in the center shaft so that the meshing joint meshes, and a spring means that resists the spring means. an arm that separates the turret from the base surface; a rotation mechanism that rotates the turret by a predetermined angle; a cam mechanism that drives the slider, the arm, and the rotation mechanism; and an electric motor that drives the cam mechanism. and the cam mechanism has a disc-shaped cam plate that integrally includes at least a face cam that drives the slider and a groove cam that drives the arm, and as the cam plate rotates, the central shaft advances and retreats. A turret head unit characterized in that the operation and the connection/disconnection of a clutch plate are performed synchronously at a predetermined timing.