JPH0510278B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an underwater sightseeing boat that allows passengers to observe underwater conditions such as the sea.

[Prior Art] In a conventional underwater sightseeing boat of this type, for example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG.
A water box 2 rising toward the interior of the ship is fixed watertightly to a, and the bottom of the water box 2 is used as a transparent plate 3, so that passengers can watch the underwater situation from above through the transparent plate 3. The upper edge 2a of the water box 2 is always located above the water line W under any circumstances, so that even if the transparent plate 3 is damaged, the water that enters will stay within the water box 2 and will not be affected by flooding. They made sure the ship didn't sink.

However, in such conventional technology, the water box 2 gets in the way and passengers cannot bring their faces close to the transparent plate 3, so the field of view that can see the water is narrow and limited, and the water can only be seen from above. , there was a problem that it was not possible to fully enjoy the underwater sights. In order to solve this problem, it may be possible to make the water depth of the ship deeper and install windows with transparent plates on the underwater part of the ship's side. However, there was a problem in that such a device could not be put to practical use because if the transparent plate was damaged, there was a risk that the ship would sink due to water intrusion. As a technique for solving such problems, there is a technique disclosed in Australian Patent Application No. 31407/84 (published on February 7, 1985). This system has a plurality of viewing windows lined up in the lower half of both sides of the hull that extends in the fore-and-aft direction and carries passengers inside, and ballast tanks and buoyancy tanks are integrated on the outside of both sides of the hull above the viewing windows. The ballast tank is filled with water so that the viewing window is below the water surface to deepen the gutter. According to such technology, passengers can approach the observation window and view the water from a horizontal direction.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In this way, filling the ballast tanks on both sides of the ship's hull to adjust the water intake and then diving is often done in submarines, etc., but as in the above conventional technology, the ballast tanks located on both sides of the top of the hull are When water is added to adjust the stanchion, the center of gravity of the ship becomes higher, which reduces the restoring force when the ship lists.
Passenger ships that carry general passengers pose issues regarding ship safety regulations. Additionally, the water in the ballast tank flows freely, which has a negative impact on stability, especially when the waves are rough.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in this type of underwater sightseeing boat, which allows passengers to approach the transparent plate provided in the underwater part of the hull and observe the underwater scenery. do.

[Means to solve the problem]

For this purpose, the underwater sightseeing boat according to the present invention has a first
As illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 7, there is a center bottom plate 11 extending in the fore-and-aft direction, a pair of left and right intermediate side plates 12 that are watertightly connected to both outer edges of the center bottom plate and extending upward, and each intermediate side plate 12. From a pair of left and right side bottom plates 13 that are watertightly connected to the upper edges and extend outward on both the left and right sides, and a pair of left and right outboard side plates 14 that are watertightly connected to the outer edges of each side bottom plate 13 and extend upward. a deck 30 that covers the upper surface of the hull and is fixed to the hull in a watertight manner; a lower edge of the intermediate side plate 12 is watertightly connected to the hull 10 along the upper edge of The upper edge extends upwardly from the deck 3.
a pair of left and right partition walls 20 that are watertightly fixed to the ship's hull 10 and watertightly partition the interior of the ship's grain 10 into an underwater cabin A above the center bottom plate 11 and a pair of left and right float chambers B above each side bottom plate 13; A plurality of transparent plates 41 are fixed to the intermediate side plates 12 in a watertight manner so as to cover the plurality of window holes 40 opened in each of the intermediate side plates 12, and a plurality of transparent plates 41 are provided on the deck 30 to cover the plurality of window holes 40 opened in the intermediate side plates 12, and In an underwater sightseeing boat comprising at least one entrance/exit 31, 32, 33 communicating with the top of the deck 30, each of the float chambers B is formed over substantially the entire length of the upper half of the underwater cabin A in the front-rear direction on both sides. However, a ballast weight 19 is fixed to the center bottom plate 11.

[Effect]

While the underwater sightseeing boat is sailing, passengers enter the underwater cabin A and observe the underwater situation through transparent plates 41 provided on the left and right intermediate side plates 12. The left and right float chambers B are formed over almost the entire length in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the upper half of the underwater cabin A, and the ballast weight 19 is fixed to the center bottom plate 11 at the bottom of the underwater cabin A, so that the center of buoyancy is As the height increases, the center of gravity decreases, so even if the underwater sightseeing boat is heavily tilted, it has an extremely high ability to recover.

Even if one or more of the transparent plates 41 is damaged and water floods into the underwater cabin A, water will not flood into the float chamber B, which is watertightly partitioned from the underwater cabin A by the partition wall 20. As a result, buoyancy is maintained, and although the water line of the ship may rise slightly, it will not sink, and once the water that has entered the underwater cabin A reaches the raised water line, it will stop there, and no further flooding will occur. do not have. In this state, the float chamber B, which is formed over almost the entire length in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the underwater cavity A, increases the buoyancy on both sides of the ship, so even if the passengers who escaped onto the deck 30 move to one side, the underwater sightseeing boat has a slight slope.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the underwater sightseeing boat of the present invention, passengers in the underwater cabin can approach the transparent plates provided on the left and right intermediate side plates and look underwater, so they have a sufficiently wide field of view from the horizontal direction downward. This allows you to fully enjoy the underwater sights. Furthermore, the underwater sightseeing boat of the present invention has a high ability to recover when tilted, so there is no risk of capsizing and is extremely safe.

Even if the transparent plate is damaged, water will not enter the float chamber, so there is no risk of the ship sinking due to its buoyancy, and water will stop entering the underwater cabin at a certain depth, making it safe. You can immediately escape from the underwater cabin onto the deck. In addition, even if passengers who escaped onto the deck move to one side, there is no risk of capsizing and it is safe because the underwater sightseeing boat has a slight inclination.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 7.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the hull of this underwater sightseeing boat consists of a hull 10, a partition wall 20, and a barge head 2.
1, 22, deck 30, and upper housing 37
is the main component. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the ship's grain 10 mainly consists of a central ship bottom plate 1.
1. A pair of left and right intermediate side plates 12 formed by bending upward from both outer edges of the central bottom plate 11, and a pair of left and right sides formed by bending from the upper edge of each intermediate side plate 12 to both left and right sides, respectively. Consisting of a bottom plate 13 and a pair of left and right outer side plates 14 bent upward from the outer edge of each side bottom plate 13, each plate member 11 to
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, 14 extends in the front-rear direction and is made of fiber reinforced plastic (hereinafter referred to simply as FRP).
) are laminated and molded together.
The front part of each bottom plate 11, 13 is curved upward and stands up, and the rear part is bent and stands up. A ballast weight 19 made of lead or the like is fixed on the center bottom plate 11 to improve the stability of the hull and to position the water line at the position W in FIGS. 1 and 4. The deck 30 provided so as to cover the upper surface of the ship's grain 10 is made by laminating FRP on the lower surface of plywood, and is watertightly fixed to the entire circumference of the upper edge of the ship's grain 10. An upper cabin is formed on the deck 30.
A housing 37 made of FRP is provided.

Mainly as shown in Figures 2 and 3, ship grain 1
At the front and rear parts of the 0, there is a bulkhead 2 whose entire circumference is watertightly fixed to the inner surface of the hull 10 and the deck 30.
1 and 22 are provided to form front and rear float chambers C and D. In addition, as mainly shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the front and rear bulkheads 21,
Between each intermediate side plate 12 and each side bottom plate 13, the underline is watertightly fixed to the bent part and rises upward, and the other outer peripheral edge is connected to the bulkhead 2.
A pair of left and right partition walls 20 are watertightly fixed to the ship's cargo 1, 22 and the deck 30, and the entire portion between the front and rear bulkheads 21, 22 in the ship's grain 10 is
It is watertightly partitioned into an underwater cabin A above the center bottom plate 11 and a pair of left and right side float chambers B above each side bottom plate 13. Each side float chamber B is watertightly partitioned into five compartments by a partition wall 23, and the front float chamber C is similarly partitioned into five compartments by a partition wall 24.
Divided into sections, each section has 30 decks.
A watertight inspection hole (not shown) is provided that opens into the hole. A hatch (not shown) that opens into the deck 30 is provided in the rear float chamber D, and two marine engines 49 equipped with an outboard drive device 49a, a generator, a fuel tank, etc. are housed inside the hatch. ing. Each partition wall 20, bulkhead 21, 2
2 and the bulkheads 23 and 24 are made of plywood laminated with FRP on both sides, and are integrally bonded to each other and to the hull 10 in a watertight manner.

The underwater cabin A has a central bottom plate 11 at its outer periphery;
Both intermediate side plates 12, both partition walls 20 and deck 30
The front chamber A1 and the rear chamber A are separated by the partition wall 25 fixed to the
A window hole 25 provided in the partition wall 25 and partitioned watertightly into the partition wall 25.
A transparent plate 26 made of acrylic resin is fixed to a in a watertight manner. The partition wall 25, like the partition wall 23 and the like, is made by laminating FRP on both sides of plywood. Note that the partition wall 25 may be integrated with the left and right partition walls 23 on its extension to form a bulkhead, and the partition wall 20 may be divided into two parts, front and rear.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the deck 30 has a central entrance 31 that opens into both the front and rear chambers A1 and A2 of the underwater cabin A, a front entrance 32 that opens into the front chamber A1, and a front entrance 32 that opens into the rear chamber A2. Opening rear entrance 3
3 are provided, and sleeve walls 34, 35, 36 are provided above each entrance/exit 31, 32, 33, respectively. The central entrance 31 has a front chamber A1 and a rear chamber A2.
Two central steps 45 connecting the top and deck 30
The front and rear entrances 32 and 33 are provided with a front step 46 and a rear step 47, respectively, which communicate the deck 30 with the front chamber A1 and the rear chamber A2. Note that one partition wall 20 (on the right side in FIG. 1) and each of the bulkheads 21 and 22 have recesses 20 for passing steps 45, 46, and 47, respectively.
a, 21a, and 22a are formed. Inside the underwater cabin A, a number of chairs 48 are provided for passengers.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a large number of window holes 40 are provided in the left and right intermediate side plates 12. As shown in detail in Figures 6 and 7, the intermediate side plate 1
2 is formed with a stepped portion 40a that protrudes inwardly along the entire circumference of the window hole 40.
A transparent plate 41 made of acrylic resin that covers 0 is watertightly abutted from the outside via a two-component seal rubber 43, is attached to the intermediate side plate 12 with screws 58, and is fixed by a frame plate 42 made of stainless steel plate. There is. The height of the upper line of the window hole 40 may be set to the height of the face of the passenger sitting on the chair 48 or a little lower than that.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a window frame 50 made of aluminum casting is fixed to the inner surface of the left and right intermediate side plates 12 by screws 58, located around the stepped portion 40a of each window hole 40. ing. A protrusion 63 of a window cover 60 is pivotally supported between two pairs of protrusions 52 formed on the upper part of the window frame 50 via a hinge pin 54, so that the window cover 60 can be opened and closed upward.
The window cover 60 includes a frame body 61 made of aluminum casting, and an aluminum plate 6 that is welded and fixed to the inside of the frame body in a watertight manner.
5, along the entire circumference of one side of the frame 61,
An engagement groove 62 is formed. When the window cover 60 is in the closed state, the protruding edge 51 on the inner circumference of the window frame 50 comes into contact with a flexible sealing material 66 in the engagement groove 60 of the window cover 60. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
3a, the plurality of tightening bolts 55, which are pivotally supported on the protrusion 53 of the window frame 50, are engaged with the engagement recesses 64a of the protrusions 64 on the outer periphery of the window frame 60 through the pins 56. When the wing nut 57 is tightened, the protrusion 51 is pressed against the sealing material 66, thereby watertightly sealing the inside and outside of the window frame 50. window storage 6
0 is held in the open state by a tightening bolt 68 and a wing nut 69 pivotally supported on the partition wall 20 when it is opened upward, as shown in the right half of FIG. If a crack occurs in the transparent plate 41 or when sailing on a sea with strong waves, close the window storage 60 to prevent water from entering the underwater cabin A even if the transparent plate 41 is damaged. It is something to do. Note that the window cover 60 provided on the window frame 50 located on the rear side of the two central steps 45 is not an openable/closable type, but is stored separately and is taken out and attached as necessary.

During normal use, passengers are seated in underwater cabin A.
Sit on the chair 48 inside and watch the underwater situation through the transparent plate 41 provided in the window hole 40 of the left and right intermediate side panels 12. Since the passenger can bring his or her face sufficiently close to the transparent plate 41, a sufficiently wide field of view can be obtained from the horizontal direction downward.

Each of the left and right float chambers B is formed over almost the entire length of the upper body of the underwater cabin A in the front and back direction on both sides,
Further, since the ballast weight 19 is fixed to the center bottom plate 11 at the lower part of the underwater cabin A, the center of buoyancy becomes higher and the center of gravity lowers. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, even if the hull is tilted sideways by 90 degrees or more, it can be reliably restored, resulting in extremely high restorability.

Even if one or more transparent plates 41 are damaged and water floods into the underwater cabin A, each float chamber B is watertightly partitioned from the underwater cabin A by the partition wall 20 and bulkheads 21 and 22.
It does not enter C, D, and each float chamber B,
Sufficient buoyancy is maintained by C and D. Therefore, although the water line W may rise slightly due to water intrusion into the underwater cabin A, there is no risk of the ship sinking.
Furthermore, water intrusion into the underwater cabin will stop once it reaches the water line W. In this state, the depth of water intrusion into underwater cabin A is sufficient for an adult to walk through, so even if the response is delayed, steps can be taken.
It is easy to escape from 45 to 47 through the entrances and exits 31, 32, and 33 onto the deck 30. In this state, the buoyancy on both sides of the ship is large due to the float chamber B, which is formed over almost the entire length in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the underwater cabin A, resulting in a buoyancy characteristic similar to that of a catamaran. Even if the ship leans to one side, the hull will only tilt slightly and there is no risk of capsizing. Therefore, it is possible to return to the port under its own power or by towing.

In this embodiment, the inside of the underwater cabin A is divided into the front and rear chambers A1 and A2 by the partition wall 25, so that normal water intrusion is limited to either one of the front and rear chambers A1, A2, reducing the amount of water intrusion. They are even safer because they each have two entrances and steps. Also, in this embodiment, the front and rear float chambers C and D are provided, but if the side float chamber B can be made sufficiently large to ensure buoyancy, the front and rear float chambers C and D are not necessarily necessary. .

The present invention is not limited to a relatively large underwater sightseeing boat as in the above embodiment, but can also be applied to a small boat that seats one or two people, in which case the inside of the underwater cabin and the top of the deck can be connected. Only one entrance/exit is sufficient, and steps may be omitted.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 7 show an embodiment of an underwater sightseeing boat according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the entire boat, and FIG.
Fig. 2 corresponds to the - sectional view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 corresponds to the - sectional view of - of Fig. 1.
Figure 4 is an overall front view, Figure 5 is a front view of the window frame and window cover in a state where a part of the window storage is broken and opened upwards, and Figure 6 is an enlarged view along the - line in Figure 5. 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 is an overall cross-sectional view of the conventional example. Explanation of symbols, 10... Ship grain, 11... Center bottom plate, 12... Intermediate side plate, 13... Side bottom plate,
14... Outboard side plate, 19... Ballast weight,
20... Partition wall, 30... Deck, 31, 32,
33... Entrance/exit, 40... Window hole, 41... Transparent plate, 45, 46, 47... Step, A... Underwater cabin, B... Float chamber (side float chamber).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A central ship bottom plate extending in the fore-and-aft direction, a pair of left and right intermediate side plates that are watertightly connected to both outer edges of the central ship bottom plate and extend upward, and a pair of left and right intermediate side plates that are watertightly connected to the upper edges of each intermediate side plate and extend outward on both the left and right sides. A hull consisting of a pair of left and right outer side plates extending upward and a pair of left and right outer side plates watertightly connected to the outer edge of each side bottom plate and extending upward; A deck is watertightly fixed, and a lower edge is watertightly connected to the hull along the vicinity of the upper edge of each intermediate side plate and extends upward, and an upper edge is watertightly fixed to the deck and runs inside the hull. A pair of left and right partition walls that watertightly partition the underwater cabin above the center bottom plate and a pair of left and right float chambers above each side bottom plate, and a plurality of window holes opened in each of the intermediate side plates. An underwater sightseeing boat comprising: a plurality of transparent plates watertightly fixed to an intermediate side plate; and at least one entrance/exit provided on the deck for communicating between the inside of the underwater cabin and the top of the deck; An underwater sightseeing boat characterized in that a float chamber is formed along the entire length of both sides of the upper half of the underwater cabin in the longitudinal direction, and a ballast weight is fixed to the center bottom plate.