JPH051096B2

JPH051096B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH051096B2
Application number: JP61298079A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Yoshio Kitamura
Original assignee: Kobe Steel Ltd
Current assignee: Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date: 1986-12-15
Filing date: 1986-12-15
Publication date: 1993-01-07
Also published as: JPS63154231A

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】（産業上の利用分野）本発明は、発電機用非磁性保持リングをつくる
目的で円筒形被工作物を高液圧により冷間塑性拡
管加工する技術の改良に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement in the technique of cold plastic pipe expansion of a cylindrical workpiece using high hydraulic pressure for the purpose of producing a non-magnetic retaining ring for a power generator.

（従来の技術）フランス特許第1229861号には円筒形被工作物
を上下から円すい形ダイスで挟みプレスにより加
圧状態を維持しながらその円すい面でシールされ
た内部空間に高液圧を導入して拡管加工する技術
が開示されている。(Prior art) French Patent No. 1229861 discloses a method in which a cylindrical workpiece is sandwiched between upper and lower conical dies and high hydraulic pressure is introduced into the internal space sealed by the conical surfaces while maintaining a pressurized state using a press. A technique for expanding tubes using a method has been disclosed.

特公昭52−2502はその改良技術で、第４図に示
すように、液圧により発生する上下方向の大荷重
を減ずる目的で、中心の円柱形ロツド１の外周寸
法とほぼ同一寸法の内径を持つ１対の円すい形外
周面の環状のダイス２，３間にリング状の被工作
物４を挿入し、ダイス２，３をプレス機の上位の
加圧盤５およびスペーサ６と下位の可動盤７とに
より相互接近方向に加圧するようにし、この被工
作物４と円すい形ダイス２，３との接触面８，９
が１つのシールとなり、さらに円すい形ダイス
２，３と中心ロツド１との間のシール１０，１１
を他のシールとし、これらによつて液封される中
心ロツド１と被工作物４との間の環状の閉込め空
間は圧力室１２として油等の流体を充し、ロツド
１内に設けられた流体の導孔１３を通してポンプ
１４によりこの圧力室１２内の流体の圧力を上昇
せしめ、さらにプレス可導盤７の上昇によつて円
すい形ダイスを相互接近させながら、被工作物４
の液圧塑性拡管加工を行うものである。１５は油
受、１６は支管である。 Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-2502 is an improved technology for this, and as shown in Figure 4, the inner diameter of the central cylindrical rod 1 is approximately the same as the outer circumferential dimension in order to reduce the large vertical load generated by hydraulic pressure. A ring-shaped workpiece 4 is inserted between a pair of annular dies 2 and 3 having a conical outer circumferential surface, and the dies 2 and 3 are placed between the press machine's upper pressure plate 5, spacer 6, and lower movable plate 7. The contact surfaces 8 and 9 between the workpiece 4 and the conical dies 2 and 3 are
becomes one seal, and further seals 10, 11 between the conical dies 2, 3 and the center rod 1
The annular confinement space between the center rod 1 and the workpiece 4 which is liquid-sealed by these seals is filled with a fluid such as oil as a pressure chamber 12, and is provided inside the rod 1. The pressure of the fluid in the pressure chamber 12 is increased by the pump 14 through the fluid guide hole 13, and the workpiece 4 is moved closer to each other by raising the pressable platen 7.
This machine performs hydraulic plastic tube expansion. 15 is an oil pan, and 16 is a branch pipe.

（発明が解決しようとする問題点）液圧塑性加工技術において上下方向に作用する
力を減ずるため円柱形ロツド１を円すい形ダイス
２，３の中心孔を通して設ける第４図の従来技術
では、このロツド１とダイス２，３との間に設け
るシール１０，１１が円すい形ダイスの形状と関
連して重要で、これらが適切でないと実作業は困
難になる。すなわちこのシール１０，１１は円す
い形ダイスの最も厚肉部に設けられているが、こ
の場合は被工作物４を拡管する目的の液圧によつ
て円すい形ダイスの中心孔側から全高にわたつて
内圧が負荷され、内圧負荷表面積が過大のため円
すい形ダイスが破損に到ることがある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional technique shown in FIG. 4, in which the cylindrical rod 1 is provided through the center hole of the conical dies 2 and 3 in order to reduce the force acting in the vertical direction in the hydraulic plastic working technique, The seals 10 and 11 provided between the rod 1 and the dies 2 and 3 are important in relation to the shape of the conical die, and if these are not appropriate, the actual work will be difficult. In other words, the seals 10 and 11 are provided at the thickest part of the conical die, but in this case, they are applied over the entire height from the center hole side of the conical die by the hydraulic pressure intended to expand the workpiece 4. As a result, internal pressure is applied, and the conical die may be damaged due to the excessive internal pressure-loaded surface area.

また円すい形ダイスはロツドとの隙間で内圧を
前記のように受けるとともに、外周側の円すい面
にはリング状被工作物４との接触面８，９までの
範囲で外圧を受ける。圧媒は流体であるので単位
面積当りの圧力は同一であるが、負荷面積は外周
側が大きく、拡管の進行に伴つて大きくなる。さ
らに外周側に加工時に被工作物からの反力を受け
る。このことにより円すい形ダイスの小径側は内
周方向に歪むことになり、加工中にロツドに焼付
きを生じることになり、加工後の解体作業が極め
て困難になり実作業を行う上で致命的な問題とな
る。 Further, the conical die receives internal pressure as described above in the gap between it and the rod, and receives external pressure on its outer peripheral conical surface up to the contact surfaces 8 and 9 with the ring-shaped workpiece 4. Since the pressure medium is a fluid, the pressure per unit area is the same, but the load area is larger on the outer peripheral side and increases as the pipe expands. Furthermore, the outer circumferential side receives reaction force from the workpiece during machining. As a result, the small diameter side of the conical die becomes distorted in the direction of the inner periphery, causing seizure of the rod during machining, which makes disassembly work after machining extremely difficult, which is fatal for actual work. This becomes a problem.

（問題点を解決するための手段）前記の円すい形ダイスは上下方向の力が作用す
るだけの通常のピストン・シリンダと異り、ロツ
ドとの関係では内圧が作用し、また被工作物との
関係では外圧が作用し、この外圧が被工作物の拡
管の進行に伴いそれとの接触面の移動により変化
するので、加工過程の各段階で内圧と外圧とが極
力均衡するような位置を選んでロツド、ダイス間
のシールを設ける。すなわち円すい形ダイスに設
けるシールの位置は、ダイスの小径端でも大径端
でもなく、ダイスの外周側のテーパ角度が20〜
40゜の場合のシール位置は、小径端よりダイス全
高の20〜50％の位置とするのが適切である。(Means for solving the problem) The conical die mentioned above is different from a normal piston/cylinder in which only vertical force acts on it, but internal pressure acts on it in relation to the rod, and there is also a force in the workpiece. In this connection, external pressure acts, and as the workpiece expands, this external pressure changes due to the movement of the contact surface with it. Therefore, at each stage of the machining process, select a position where the internal pressure and external pressure are as balanced as possible. Provide a seal between the rod and die. In other words, the location of the seal on the conical die is not at the small diameter end or large diameter end of the die, but at a point where the taper angle on the outer circumferential side of the die is 20~20.
In the case of 40°, the appropriate sealing position is 20 to 50% of the total height of the die from the small diameter end.

また円すい形ダイスの歪に関して、ダイスの内
径側への歪は小径端ほど大きい。これに対して円
すい形ダイスの中心孔を小径端ほど大きい径とな
るようにテーパ状にすると、拡管加工中に内径側
への小径端の歪はテーパ寸法の範囲で吸収され、
中心ロツドへの圧接焼付きが起らないようにな
る。テーパ寸法およびテーパ範囲は円すい形ダイ
スの肉厚寸法により決定するが、テーパ角度は通
常0.05〜0.5°が適切である。この対策は簡単であ
りかつ有効な唾一的な対策である。 Regarding the distortion of the conical die, the distortion toward the inner diameter side of the die is larger at the smaller diameter end. On the other hand, if the center hole of the conical die is tapered so that the smaller diameter end becomes larger, the strain at the small diameter end toward the inner diameter during tube expansion will be absorbed within the range of the taper dimension.
Pressure seizure to the center rod will not occur. The taper dimension and taper range are determined by the wall thickness of the conical die, and the appropriate taper angle is usually 0.05 to 0.5°. This countermeasure is a simple and effective measure.

（作用）円すい形外周部のテーパ角度が20〜40゜のダイ
スと中心ロツドとの間のシール位置を小径端より
全高の20〜50％の位置とすることにより、円すい
形ダイスの内側から負荷される内圧の面積が小さ
くなり、円すい形ダイスに発生するフープ応力が
低くなりダイスの破損が避けられる。(Function) By setting the sealing position between the die whose conical outer periphery has a taper angle of 20 to 40 degrees and the center rod at a position 20 to 50% of the total height from the small diameter end, the load can be applied from the inside of the conical die. The area under which the internal pressure is exerted is reduced, the hoop stress generated in the conical die is reduced, and breakage of the die is avoided.

また円錐形ダイスの中心孔に小径端に向つて拡
がるテーパを設けることにより、ロツド外径面と
の摺動が円滑となり、拡管加工中のプレス力が軽
減されるとともに、加工中の油膜切れ状態での摺
動によつて起る焼付きが回避され、拡管加工終了
後の解体作業が容易となり、反復拡管する場合の
作業能率が上り、かつダイス等の使用工具類を損
傷させて解体を強行するような必要がなくなる。 In addition, by providing a taper in the center hole of the conical die that widens toward the small diameter end, it slides smoothly with the outer diameter surface of the rod, reducing the pressing force during tube expansion, and preventing the oil film from running out during processing. Seizure caused by sliding on the pipe is avoided, disassembly work after the pipe expansion process is completed is facilitated, work efficiency is improved when pipe expansion is repeated, and tools used such as dies are not damaged and dismantling is forced. There will be no need to do so.

（実施例）以下、本発明を第１〜３図を参照し実施例に即
して具体的に説明する。第１図は本発明実施例の
円すい形ダイスを用いた液圧塑性拡管加工装置を
示し、第２図はそのダイスを示す。(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained based on examples with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic plastic tube expansion processing apparatus using a conical die according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the die.

この円すい形環状ダイス２Ａ，３Ａの中心孔１
７の側に全高さＨの小径端より0.3Hの高さ位置
にシール１０Ａ，１１Ａが設けられており中心の
円柱形ロツド１にはめあわせたときにロツドとの
間をシールする。１８はロツドスペーサである。
被工作物４はダイス２Ａ，３Ａの円すい形外周面
に保持され、ダイス２Ａ，３Ａは下位の押圧シリ
ンダ１９、ラム２０からなる可動盤７に経路２１
を経て導入されるプレス圧P₁の圧液を導入する
ことにより上位の加圧盤５との間に相互接近方向
に加圧される。プレス圧P₁は制御のため圧力計
２２で計測される。 The center hole 1 of these conical annular dies 2A, 3A
Seals 10A and 11A are provided on the side of 7 at a height of 0.3H from the small diameter end of the total height H, and when fitted to the central cylindrical rod 1, seal the space between the rod and the rod. 18 is a rod spacer.
The workpiece 4 is held on the conical outer peripheral surface of the dies 2A, 3A, and the dies 2A, 3A are connected to a movable platen 7 consisting of a lower pressing cylinder 19 and a ram 20 through a path 21.
By introducing the pressurized liquid at the press pressure _P1 introduced through the pressurizing plate 5, pressure is applied in the direction of mutual approach between the pressurizing plate 5 and the upper pressurizing plate 5. The press pressure _P1 is measured by a pressure gauge 22 for control.

被工作物４とダイス２Ａ，３Ａの円すい形外周
との接触面８，９は１つのシールとなり、これら
シールにより液封される圧力室１２には経路２３
を経て調圧された拡管圧力P₂の圧液が導入され、
この圧力P₂は制御のため圧力計２４で計測され
る。 The contact surfaces 8 and 9 between the workpiece 4 and the conical outer peripheries of the dies 2A and 3A form one seal, and the pressure chamber 12 that is liquid-sealed by these seals has a passage 23.
A pressure liquid with a pipe expansion pressure P ₂ regulated through the process is introduced,
This pressure P ₂ is measured by a pressure gauge 24 for control.

この加工装置の本体部の構造、機能は、第４図
に示すものとほぼ同様であり、円すい形ダイス２
Ａ，３Ａのくさび効果で被工作物４の端部が加工
され、同時に起る円すい形ダイスの接近で予め充
されている圧液の圧力が上昇し、端部以外の個所
が加工される。被工作物の形状、寸法、円すい形
ダイスの寸法、中心ロツドの寸法によつて圧力の
上昇率は異なるので、加工後の形状が直円筒とな
るよう、圧力P₁，P₂は調圧される。 The structure and function of the main body of this processing device are almost the same as those shown in FIG.
The edge of the workpiece 4 is machined due to the wedge effect of A and 3A, and the pressure of the pre-filled hydraulic fluid increases due to the approach of the conical die at the same time, and parts other than the edge are machined. Since the rate of increase in pressure varies depending on the shape and dimensions of the workpiece, the dimensions of the conical die, and the dimensions of the center rod, pressures P ₁ and P ₂ are regulated so that the shape after machining becomes a right cylinder. Ru.

本発明の円すい形ダイス２Ａ，３Ａを使用する
こにより、円すい形ダイスの内径側から作用する
液圧の受圧面積が減じられ前記のようにして円す
い形ダイスの破損は回避される。 By using the conical dies 2A, 3A of the present invention, the pressure receiving area of the hydraulic pressure acting from the inner diameter side of the conical dies is reduced, and damage to the conical dies is avoided as described above.

第３図は本発明の他の実施例の円すい形ダイス
２Ｂ，３Ｂを示す。この実施例では、中心孔１７
の部分にはシール１０Ｂ，１１Ｂの近傍から小径
端に向つて0.2Hの高さに外拡がりのテーパ２５
が設けられている。この実施例のテーパ２５の角
度は0.1゜となつているが、これは円すい形外周面
の傾斜角が26.5゜近傍であることに対応させたも
ので傾斜角が20〜45゜の範囲ではテーパ角は0.05
〜0.5゜の程度である。テーパ２５の範囲は小径側
がよく小径端より1/3Ｈ程度とする。全高にわた
つてテーパを施してもよいが、内径の大きさによ
つて中間高さに設けたシール材が破損する怖があ
る。 FIG. 3 shows conical dies 2B, 3B of another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the center hole 17
There is a taper 25 that expands outward from the vicinity of the seals 10B and 11B to a height of 0.2H toward the small diameter end.
is provided. The angle of the taper 25 in this embodiment is 0.1°, but this corresponds to the fact that the inclination angle of the conical outer circumferential surface is around 26.5°, so if the inclination angle is in the range of 20 to 45°, the taper Angle is 0.05
It is about ~0.5°. The range of the taper 25 is preferably about 1/3H on the small diameter side. Although it may be possible to taper the entire height, there is a risk that the sealing material provided at the intermediate height may be damaged depending on the size of the inner diameter.

（発明の効果）以上のように液圧塑性拡管加工を本発明の円す
い形ダイスを使用して行うと、ダイスの破損が防
止され、ダイスの中心円柱形ロツドへの焼付きが
防止され、プレス力が軽減され、調圧による加工
制御は容易化し、成形完了後の解体が容易で加工
作業能率が上る等の効果がある。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, when the hydraulic plastic tube expansion process is performed using the conical die of the present invention, breakage of the die is prevented, seizure of the central cylindrical rod of the die is prevented, and the press The force is reduced, processing control by pressure adjustment is facilitated, disassembly is easy after molding is completed, and processing efficiency is improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第１図は本発明の円すい形ダイスを用いた液圧
塑性拡管加工装置の縦断側面図、第２図は本発明
の１実施例の円すい形ダイスの縦断側面図、第３
図は本発明の他の実施例の円すい形ダイスの縦断
側面図、第４図は従来技術の液圧塑性拡管加工装
置の縦断側面図である。１……円柱形ロツド、２，２Ａ，２Ｂ，３，３
Ａ，３Ｂ……円すい形ダイス、４……被工作物、
５……加圧盤、６……スペーサ、７……可動盤、
８，９……接触面、１０，１１，１０Ａ，１１
Ａ，１０Ｂ，１１Ｂ……シール、１２……圧力
室、１３……導孔、１４……ポンプ、１５……油
受、１６……支管、１７……中心孔、１８……ロ
ツドスペーサ、１９……押上シリンダ、２０……
ラム、２１，２３……経路、２２，２４……圧力
計、２５……テーパ、P₁……プレス圧、P₂……
拡管圧力、Ｈ……円すいダイス高さ。 FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a hydraulic plastic tube expansion processing apparatus using a conical die of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a conical die according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a longitudinal side view of a conical die according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal side view of a conventional hydraulic plastic tube expansion device. 1... Cylindrical rod, 2, 2A, 2B, 3, 3
A, 3B... Conical die, 4... Workpiece,
5... Pressure plate, 6... Spacer, 7... Movable plate,
8, 9...Contact surface, 10, 11, 10A, 11
A, 10B, 11B... Seal, 12... Pressure chamber, 13... Guide hole, 14... Pump, 15... Oil receiver, 16... Branch pipe, 17... Center hole, 18... Rod spacer, 19... ...Push-up cylinder, 20...
Ram, 21, 23...Path, 22, 24...Pressure gauge, 25...Taper, _P1 ...Press pressure, _P2 ...
Pipe expansion pressure, H...Conical die height.

Claims

[Claims] 1. 1 fitted to the outer periphery of the central cylindrical rod.
A cylindrical workpiece is sandwiched between the conical outer peripheral surfaces of annular dies that are pressed in the approaching direction of the pair, and hydraulic pressure is introduced into the annular space between the cylindrical rod and the cylindrical workpiece to machine the workpiece. A hydraulic pipe for performing hydraulic plastic pipe expansion of an object, characterized in that a seal for the cylindrical rod is provided on the inner periphery of the annular die at a position corresponding to the total height from the small diameter part of the annular die. Conical die for plastic tube expansion. 2. A conical die for hydroplastic tube expansion according to claim 1, wherein the inner periphery of the annular die is tapered at a small angle between the small diameter end and the seal so that the diameter becomes larger at the small diameter end.