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JPH0511871B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0511871B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0511871B2
JPH0511871B2 JP61234372A JP23437286A JPH0511871B2 JP H0511871 B2 JPH0511871 B2 JP H0511871B2 JP 61234372 A JP61234372 A JP 61234372A JP 23437286 A JP23437286 A JP 23437286A JP H0511871 B2 JPH0511871 B2 JP H0511871B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
epicenter
amplitude
motion
depth
initial motion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP61234372A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6390788A (en
Inventor
Yutaka Nakamura
Makoto Ueno
Tamio Hashimoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Railway Technical Research Institute
Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Railway Technical Research Institute
Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Railway Technical Research Institute, Oki Electric Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Railway Technical Research Institute
Priority to JP61234372A priority Critical patent/JPS6390788A/en
Publication of JPS6390788A publication Critical patent/JPS6390788A/en
Publication of JPH0511871B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0511871B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は一地点の観測データのみで地震波を検
出した直後の数秒間にその地点から震源までの距
離(震源距離)とその震源の深さを推定する装置
に関するものである。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention detects the distance from that point to the epicenter (epicenter distance) and the depth of the epicenter in a few seconds immediately after seismic waves are detected using only observation data from one point. The present invention relates to a device for estimating .

(従来の技術) 従来、このような分野では観測点からの震源距
離を推定するためには、 (a) 多点の観測データより震源を計算してそれぞ
れの点からの震源距離を推定する。
(Conventional technology) Conventionally, in such fields, in order to estimate the epicenter distance from an observation point, (a) the epicenter is calculated from observation data from multiple points and the epicenter distance from each point is estimated.

(b) P波(縦波)とS波(横波)の位相の発現時
刻の差(P〜S時間)より震源距離を推定す
る。
(b) Estimate the epicenter distance from the difference in the onset time of the P wave (longitudinal wave) and S wave (transverse wave) phase (P to S time).

(c) 初動部分の振幅と周期(マグニチユードに比
例することが判明している)より震源距離を推
定する。
(c) Estimate the epicenter distance from the amplitude and period of the initial motion (which are known to be proportional to the magnitude).

というような方法があつた。このうち、上記(b)と
(c)の方法では一観測点のデータで震源距離を推定
することができる。
There was a method like this. Among these, the above (b) and
With method (c), the epicenter distance can be estimated using data from one observation point.

なお、上記(a),(b)については、例えば、「地震
学」宇都徳治著、共立全書 216、共立出版、
P.137〜143に示されている。
Regarding (a) and (b) above, for example, "Seismology" by Tokuji Uto, Kyoritsu Zensho 216, Kyoritsu Shuppan,
Shown on pages 137-143.

また、上記(c)については、例えば、特公昭60−
8468号に示されている。
Regarding (c) above, for example,
No. 8468.

(発明が解決しようとする問題点) しかしながら、上記(a)については、 (1) 多くの観測点が必要になるため維持費が嵩
む。
(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, regarding (a) above, (1) Maintenance costs increase because many observation points are required.

(2) 震源距離を推定するまでに数分から10数分か
かる。
(2) It takes several minutes to over 10 minutes to estimate the epicenter distance.

また、上記(b)については、 (1) S波の到来を待つ必要があるため震源距離を
推定するまでに1〜2分程度かかる。
Regarding (b) above, (1) It takes about 1 to 2 minutes to estimate the epicenter distance because it is necessary to wait for the arrival of S waves.

(2) かならずしも精度良くS波を検出できるわけ
ではない。
(2) It is not always possible to detect S waves with high accuracy.

更に、上記(c)については、 (1) 震源の深さと震央距離の関係で遠い地震の推
定精度が悪い。
Furthermore, regarding (c) above, (1) Estimation accuracy for distant earthquakes is poor due to the relationship between epicenter depth and epicenter distance.

(2) 地震計の特性を考慮していないため、どの地
点でも利用できるかどうかわからない。
(2) Since the characteristics of seismometers are not taken into consideration, it is unclear whether they can be used at any location.

といつた問題点があつた。A problem arose.

即ち、上記(c)についてはいくつかの地震の情報
より重回帰分析を行つて実験式を得ても、略同じ
規模(マグニチユード)・震源距離の地震でも深
さが異なるとその振幅に差が生じるために遠い地
震では推定精度が悪くなつている。例えば、第2
図は規模(マグニチユード)・震源距離が略同じ
でも振幅の異なる地震波形の例を示したものであ
る。即ち、第2図aはマグニチユード4.3、震源
の深さ90Kmの地震、第2図bはマグニチユード
4.6、震源の深さ30Kmの地震の場合であり、第2
図a及び第2図bにおいて、それぞれの地震波形
では上より順に()は上下動(UD)成分、
()は南北動(NS)成分、()は東西動
(EW)成分、()は上下動成分と水平動成分の
振幅の比(V/H)の変動を示している。
In other words, regarding (c) above, even if an empirical formula is obtained by performing multiple regression analysis using information on several earthquakes, even earthquakes with approximately the same magnitude (magnitude) and epicenter distance will have different amplitudes at different depths. Because of this, the estimation accuracy is poor for distant earthquakes. For example, the second
The figure shows an example of earthquake waveforms with approximately the same magnitude and epicenter distance but with different amplitudes. In other words, Figure 2 a shows an earthquake with a magnitude of 4.3 and a depth of 90 km, and Figure 2 b shows an earthquake with a magnitude of 4.3 and a depth of 90 km.
4.6, in the case of an earthquake with a depth of 30 km, and the second
In Figures a and 2b, in each seismic waveform, from the top, () indicates the vertical motion (UD) component;
() shows the north-south motion (NS) component, () shows the east-west motion (EW) component, and () shows the variation in the amplitude ratio (V/H) of the vertical motion component and the horizontal motion component.

これらの図から明らかなように、2個の地震波
形のうち、第2図aのマグニチユードが第2図b
のマグニチユードより多少小さいが、震源の深さ
は第2図aの方が第2図bの方より深くなつてお
り、第2図aの地震の方が上下動(UD)成分の
振幅が大きく、V/Hも上昇している。
As is clear from these figures, of the two earthquake waveforms, the magnitude in Figure 2 a is the same as that in Figure 2 b.
However, the depth of the epicenter in Figure 2a is deeper than in Figure 2b, and the amplitude of the vertical motion (UD) component of the earthquake in Figure 2a is larger. , V/H has also increased.

また、第3図は初動振幅、初動周期のみの情報
より震源距離を推定した場合と、実際の震源距離
RJと比較した図であり、初動振幅、初動周期の
みの情報より震源距離を推定した場合は、RJ
200Kmを越えると推定値が近めに推定され、精度
上の問題があることがわかる。
In addition, Figure 3 shows the case where the epicenter distance is estimated from information only about the initial motion amplitude and initial motion period, and the case where the epicenter distance is estimated from the information only about the initial motion amplitude and initial motion period.
This figure shows a comparison with R J , and when the epicenter distance is estimated from only the initial motion amplitude and initial motion period information, R J
If the distance exceeds 200 km, the estimated value is estimated to be close, indicating that there is a problem with accuracy.

本発明は、上記の状況に鑑みて、地震波の初動
を検出後、数秒で初動部分の周期と振幅に基づい
た震源距離だけでなく震源の深さを推定できる要
素を別に計算して遠い地震でもより正確に震源距
離を推定できる震源距離及び震源の深さ推定装置
を提供することを目的としている。
In view of the above-mentioned situation, the present invention separately calculates elements that can estimate not only the epicenter distance but also the depth of the epicenter based on the period and amplitude of the initial motion part within a few seconds after detecting the initial motion of the seismic wave. It is an object of the present invention to provide an epicenter distance and depth estimation device that can estimate the epicenter distance more accurately.

更に、本発明は、一観測点の初動部分の情報だ
けで震源の深さをも推定できる震源距離及び震源
の深さ推定装置を提供することを目的としてい
る。
A further object of the present invention is to provide an epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimating device that can estimate the depth of an epicenter using only information on the initial motion part of one observation point.

(問題点を解決するための手段) 本発明は、上記問題点を解決するために、一観
測地点で、上下方向、東西方向、南北方向の3成
分の振動波形を測定する装置において、上下動成
分と水平動成分の振幅の比を算出する手段と、地
震波の到来を常時監視し、地震波の到来を検出す
ると、初動部分の周期、初動部分の振幅、及び初
動部分の上下動成分と水平動成分の振幅の比の最
大値を算出する手段と、前記初動部分の平均振幅
と、前記初動部分の周期と、前記上下動成分と水
平成分の振幅の比の最大値に基づいて、震源距離
と震源の深さを推定する手段を設けるようにした
ものである。
(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an apparatus for measuring vibration waveforms of three components in the vertical direction, east-west direction, and north-south direction at one observation point. A method for calculating the ratio of the amplitude of the horizontal motion component and the amplitude of the horizontal motion component, and a method that constantly monitors the arrival of seismic waves, and when the arrival of seismic waves is detected, calculates the period of the initial motion portion, the amplitude of the initial motion portion, and the vertical motion component and horizontal motion component of the initial motion portion. means for calculating the maximum value of the ratio of the amplitudes of the components, the average amplitude of the initial motion part, the period of the initial motion part, and the maximum value of the ratio of the amplitudes of the vertical motion component and the horizontal component; This system provides a means to estimate the depth of the epicenter.

(作用) 現在、気象庁では、地震のマグニチユードは、
以下の式に基づいて、地震動の最大振幅Aと震央
距離Δより計算している。
(Effect) Currently, the Japan Meteorological Agency estimates the magnitude of an earthquake as follows:
It is calculated from the maximum amplitude A of the seismic motion and the epicenter distance Δ based on the following formula.

M=1.73logΔ+logA−0.83 Gutenberg−Richterは実体波を用いて実体波
マグニチユードmを以下のように決めている(理
科年表による)。
M=1.73logΔ+logA−0.83 Gutenberg-Richter uses a body wave to determine the body wave magnitude m as follows (according to the Science Chronology).

m=log(A/T)+α ここで、AはP波部分の最大地動全振幅(上下
動、μ)、Tはその部分の波の周期、αは震央距
離と震源の深さによつて決定される量である。
m=log(A/T)+α Here, A is the maximum total ground motion amplitude (vertical motion, μ) of the P wave part, T is the period of the wave in that part, and α is determined by the epicenter distance and depth of the epicenter. is the amount to be determined.

そして、上記mとMの関係は、 M=1.59m−3.97 である。 And the relationship between m and M above is M=1.59m−3.97 It is.

上の式は振幅と震源距離よりマグニチユードを
算出することを意味している。マグニチユードは
初動周期より算出が可能であり、最大振幅の代わ
りに初動部分の振幅を使用すると震源距離Rを算
出することが可能となることがわかる。
The above formula means to calculate the magnitude from the amplitude and epicenter distance. It can be seen that the magnitude can be calculated from the initial motion period, and that the epicenter distance R can be calculated by using the amplitude of the initial motion portion instead of the maximum amplitude.

そこで、本発明によれば、一観測地点で、 (1) 上下方向、東西方向及び南北方向の3成分の
振動波形を測定し、 (2) 上下動成分と水平動成分の振幅の比(V/
H)を常時算出し、 (3) 地震波の到来を常時監視し、 (4) 地震波の到来を検出すると、初動部分の周期
初動部分の振幅及び初動部分のV/Hの最大値
を算出して、 (5) 上記(4)における三つのデータより震源距離と
震源の深さを推定する。。
Therefore, according to the present invention, at one observation point, (1) the vibration waveform of three components in the vertical direction, east-west direction, and north-south direction is measured, and (2) the ratio of the amplitude of the vertical motion component and the horizontal motion component (V /
(3) Constantly monitor the arrival of seismic waves; (4) When the arrival of seismic waves is detected, calculate the amplitude of the period initial motion part of the initial motion part and the maximum value of V/H of the initial motion part. , (5) Estimate the epicenter distance and depth from the three data in (4) above. .

従つて、震源距離が200Kmを越える遠くの地震
の震源距離を推定する場合においても精度を向上
させることができる(後述第4図参照)。
Therefore, accuracy can be improved even when estimating the epicenter distance of a distant earthquake with an epicenter distance of over 200 km (see Figure 4 below).

また、一観測地点で震源の深さを推定すること
が可能となるため、この震源の深さに対応して加
害性の低い地震の場合は警報の発生を回避して、
警報を発する地震の数を低減したり、警報の訂正
を直ちに実施でき、地震警報を出力する精度の向
上を図ることができる。
In addition, since it is possible to estimate the depth of the epicenter from a single observation point, it is possible to avoid issuing a warning in the case of an earthquake with low severity based on the depth of the epicenter.
The number of earthquakes for which a warning is issued can be reduced, warnings can be corrected immediately, and the accuracy of outputting earthquake warnings can be improved.

(実施例) 以下、本発明の実施例について図面を参照しな
がら詳細に説明する。
(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

第1図は本発明の一実施例を示す震源距離及び
震源の深さ推定装置のブロツク図である。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for estimating an epicenter distance and depth, showing an embodiment of the present invention.

この図において、1は地動を検出するセンサで
あり、上下方向、東西方向、南北方向の3成分の
地動を検出する形式のものである。2はセンサ1
よりの波形信号を増幅するアンプ、3はバツフア
アンプ、4は上記3成分の地動を処理する制御処
理装置、5は正確な時刻情報を発生させる時計装
置、11は標本化器、12は地震検出器、13は
V/H検出器、14は震源距離及び震源の深さ推
定器である。
In this figure, 1 is a sensor for detecting ground motion, and is of a type that detects three components of ground motion: vertical, east-west, and north-south directions. 2 is sensor 1
3 is a buffer amplifier, 4 is a control processor that processes the above three components of ground motion, 5 is a clock device that generates accurate time information, 11 is a sampler, and 12 is an earthquake detector. , 13 is a V/H detector, and 14 is an epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimator.

以下、この震源距離及び震源の深さ推定装置の
動作について説明する。
The operation of this epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimating device will be explained below.

センサ1は常時設置されている地点の上下方
向、東西方向、南北方向の3成分の地動を検出
し、アンプ2、バツフアアンプ3を介して、これ
を電気信号に変換して、制御処理装置4に送出し
ている。制御処理装置4はセンサ1で検出され、
絶えず送られてくる地動の各成分の情報を所定の
時間間隔(例えば、1/50〜1/150秒)で標本化器
11に取り込み、その過去何回分かのサンプリン
グ情報の平均値より入力データの直流分であるオ
フセツトレベルの算出を行う。このオフセツトレ
ベルは時々刻々得られるサンプリング情報によつ
て絶えず更新されている。
The sensor 1 detects three components of ground motion in the vertical direction, east-west direction, and north-south direction at the point where it is constantly installed, converts this into an electrical signal via the amplifier 2 and buffer amplifier 3, and sends it to the control processing device 4. Sending out. The control processing device 4 is detected by the sensor 1,
Information on each component of ground motion that is constantly sent is input into the sampler 11 at predetermined time intervals (for example, 1/50 to 1/150 seconds), and the input data is calculated from the average value of the past sampling information. The offset level, which is the DC component of the current, is calculated. This offset level is constantly updated based on sampling information obtained from time to time.

次に、センサ1によつて検出されて時々刻々送
られてくる上下方向、東西方向、南北方向の3成
分の地動情報のサンプリング値からオフセツトレ
ベルを除去した値x1(t),x2(t),x3(t)に基
づいて、ノイズレベルNX1,NX2,NX3と指数
平滑値ax1(t),ax2(t),ax3(t)を算出する。
ここで、指数平滑値ax1(t)は次式で算出され
る。
Next, the values x 1 (t), x 2 are obtained by removing the offset level from the sampled values of the three-component ground motion information in the vertical direction, east-west direction, and north-south direction detected by sensor 1 and sent from time to time. (t), x 3 (t), noise levels NX 1 , NX 2 , NX 3 and exponential smoothing values ax 1 (t), ax 2 (t), ax 3 (t) are calculated.
Here, the exponentially smoothed value ax 1 (t) is calculated using the following equation.

ax1(t)=ax1(t−1)×α1+x1 2(t) ここで、α1は0.9程度の定数である。 ax 1 (t)=ax 1 (t-1)×α 1 +x 1 2 (t) Here, α 1 is a constant of about 0.9.

次に、標本化器11はx1(t),ax1(t)と
NX1を地震検出器12とV/H検出器13に送
出する。
Next, the sampler 11 calculates x 1 (t), ax 1 (t) and
NX 1 is sent to the earthquake detector 12 and V/H detector 13.

ノイズレベルは x1(t) の平均値で地震波
を検出するレベルA(トリガレベル)の決定に利
用する。地震検出器12ではトリガレベルAを次
式により数分おきに更新している。
The noise level is the average value of x 1 (t) and is used to determine level A (trigger level) for detecting seismic waves. In the earthquake detector 12, the trigger level A is updated every few minutes using the following equation.

A=NX1×a+b 次に、V/H検出器13は、以下の式により、
VH(t)を常時算出する。
A=NX 1 ×a+b Next, the V/H detector 13 is determined by the following formula:
VH(t) is constantly calculated.

VH(t)=ax1(t)/√2 2()+3 2
) 地震検出器12より地震の検出信号を受け取る
と、それから数秒間(例えば2秒間)のVH(t)
の最大値を記憶しておき震源距離及び震源の深さ
推定器14に送出する。
VH(t)=ax 1 (t)/√ 2 2 ()+ 3 2 (
) When an earthquake detection signal is received from the earthquake detector 12, VH(t) for several seconds (for example, 2 seconds)
The maximum value of is stored and sent to the epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimator 14.

地震検出器12は上下動成分の信号x1(t)の
絶対値を常時監視している。例えば、x1(t)の
絶対値がトリガレベルを連続して数回越えると地
震波が到来したとみなす。地震波の到来を検知す
るとその信号をV/H検出器13に送出すると共
に、到来後数秒間(例えば2秒間)の|x1(t)|
の平均値Vpと初動周期Tpを算出し、震源距離及
び震源の深さ推定器14に送出する。
The earthquake detector 12 constantly monitors the absolute value of the vertical motion component signal x 1 (t). For example, if the absolute value of x 1 (t) exceeds the trigger level several times in succession, it is assumed that an earthquake wave has arrived. When the arrival of a seismic wave is detected, the signal is sent to the V/H detector 13, and for several seconds (for example, 2 seconds) after arrival, |x 1 (t)|
The average value Vp and the initial motion period Tp are calculated and sent to the epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimator 14.

この震源距離及び震源の深さ推定器14では、
VH(t)の最大値であるV/Hnax、平均振幅Vp
及び初動周期Tpより震源距離Rを以下の式によ
り算出して、外部のほかの装置に送出する。そし
て、 (1) VH(t)の最大値が2以上の時は log R=α1logTp+β1logV/Hnax +γ1logVp+δ1
In this epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimator 14,
V/H nax which is the maximum value of VH(t), average amplitude Vp
The epicenter distance R is calculated from the initial motion period Tp using the following formula and sent to other external devices. (1) When the maximum value of VH(t) is 2 or more, log R=α 1 logTp+β 1 logV/H nax1 logVp+δ 1 .

(2) VH(t)の最大値が2未満の時は log R=α2logTp+β2logV/Hnax +γ2logVp+δ2(2) When the maximum value of VH(t) is less than 2, log R = α 2 logTp + β 2 logV/H nax + γ 2 logVp + δ 2 .

更に、既に決定した震源距離Rを利用して震源
の深さhを以下の関係式より算出して外部の他の
装置に送出する。
Furthermore, using the already determined epicenter distance R, the depth h of the epicenter is calculated from the following relational expression and sent to another external device.

log h=α3logTp+β3logV/Hnax +γ3logVp+δ3 もし、震源距離及び震源の深さ推定器14の計
算能力が足りない時や計算速度が遅い時にはR/
HとV/Hの関係を示すテーブルを予め用意して
おき震源距離RとV/Hの最大値より震源の深さ
hを算出する。
log h=α 3 logTp+β 3 logV/H nax3 logVp+δ 3If the calculation power of the epicenter distance and depth estimator 14 is insufficient or the calculation speed is slow, R/
A table showing the relationship between H and V/H is prepared in advance, and the depth h of the epicenter is calculated from the maximum value of the epicenter distance R and V/H.

αi,βi,γi,δiの各定数は、その地点で多数の地
震を観測した後に、重回帰分析によつて決定され
る。
The constants α i , β i , γ i , and δ i are determined by multiple regression analysis after observing a large number of earthquakes at that location.

第5図は本発明の震源距離及び震源の深さ推定
装置の処理の概要を示すフローチヤートであり、
このフローに沿つて処理の概要を説明する。
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an overview of the processing of the epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimation device of the present invention,
An overview of the process will be explained along this flow.

まず、振幅情報の標本化を行う。 First, amplitude information is sampled.

次に、オフセツトレベルの計算とその除去を
行う。
Next, calculate the offset level and remove it.

次に、振幅の平滑値ax1計算を行う。 Next, a smoothed amplitude value ax 1 is calculated.

次に、上下動成分と水平動成分の振幅の比、
VH(t)の計算を行う。
Next, the ratio of the amplitude of the vertical motion component and the horizontal motion component,
Calculate VH(t).

次に、地震波の到来を判断し、地震波が到来
すると、初動周期Tpと初動(平均)振幅Vpの
算出を行う。
Next, the arrival of the seismic wave is determined, and when the seismic wave arrives, the initial motion period Tp and the initial motion (average) amplitude Vp are calculated.

次に、上下動成分と水平動成分の振幅の比、
VH(t)の最大値の計算を行う。
Next, the ratio of the amplitude of the vertical motion component and the horizontal motion component,
Calculate the maximum value of VH(t).

次に、震源距離Rの推定を行う。 Next, the epicenter distance R is estimated.

最後に、震源の深さhの推定を行う。 Finally, the depth h of the epicenter is estimated.

なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるもので
はなく、本発明の趣旨に基づいて種々の変形が可
能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するも
のではない。
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made based on the spirit of the present invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

(発明の効果) 上記したように、初動(平均)振幅Vp、初動
周期Tpより震源距離Rを log R=α logTp+β logVp+γ の式により計算することは可能であるが、その場
合、特に、第3図に示されるように、RJが200Km
を越えると推定値が近めに推定され、精度上の問
題がある。
(Effect of the invention) As described above, it is possible to calculate the epicenter distance R from the initial motion (average) amplitude Vp and the initial motion period Tp using the formula log R = α logTp + β logVp + γ. As shown in the figure, R J is 200Km
If it exceeds , the estimated value will be estimated too close and there will be problems with accuracy.

本発明によれば、平均振幅Vp、初動周期Tpだ
けでなく初動部分のV/Hの最大値を加え、更
に、V/Hの最大値の大きさ、例えば、V/Hの
最大値が2より大きいか小さいかにより震源距離
Rを推定する算出式を分けることにより、第4図
に示されるように、震源距離が200Kmを越える遠
くの地震の震源距離を推定する場合でも、その精
度を向上させることができる。
According to the present invention, not only the average amplitude Vp and the initial motion period Tp but also the maximum value of V/H in the initial motion part are added, and the magnitude of the maximum value of V/H, for example, the maximum value of V/H is 2. By dividing the calculation formula for estimating the epicenter distance R depending on whether it is larger or smaller, the accuracy is improved even when estimating the epicenter distance of a distant earthquake with an epicenter distance of over 200 km, as shown in Figure 4. can be done.

また、実際には60〜100Kmを越える深い地震で
は地震そのもので被害や津波の発生による被害が
ほとんど考えられない。このような場合は、本発
明によれば、一観測地点で震源の深さを正確に推
定することが可能となるため、その推定値に基づ
いて、警報を発する地震の数を減少したり、警報
の訂正を直ちに実施することができるため、加害
性に応じた的確な地震警報を出力することができ
る。
Furthermore, in reality, in deep earthquakes exceeding 60 to 100 km, there is almost no possibility of damage from the earthquake itself or from the occurrence of tsunamis. In such a case, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately estimate the depth of the epicenter from one observation point, so based on that estimate, the number of earthquakes for which a warning is issued can be reduced, Since the warning can be corrected immediately, it is possible to output an accurate earthquake warning according to the degree of damage caused.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の一実施例を示す震源距離及び
震源の深さ推定装置のブロツク図、第2図はマグ
ニチユード・震源距離が略同じでも振幅の異なる
地震波形を示す図、第3図は初動振幅、初動周期
のみの情報より震源距離を推定した場合と、実際
の震源距離RJと比較した図、第4図は本発明に
よる初動振幅、初動周期だけでなくV/Hの最大
値を加えて震源距離を推定した場合と、実際の震
源距離RJと比較した図、第5図は本発明の震源
距離及び震源の深さ推定装置の処理の概要を示す
フローチヤートである。 1……センサ、2……アンプ、3……バツフア
アンプ、4……制御処理装置、11……標本化
器、12……地震検出器、13……V/H検出
器、14……震源距離及び震源の深さ推定器。
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for estimating the epicenter distance and epicenter depth according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing seismic waveforms with different amplitudes even though the magnitude and epicenter distance are approximately the same, and Fig. 3 Figure 4 shows a comparison between the case where the epicenter distance is estimated from the information of the initial motion amplitude and the initial motion period and the actual epicenter distance RJ . In addition, FIG. 5, which is a diagram comparing the estimated epicenter distance and the actual epicenter distance R J , is a flowchart showing an overview of the processing of the epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimation device of the present invention. 1... Sensor, 2... Amplifier, 3... Buffer amplifier, 4... Control processing device, 11... Sampling device, 12... Earthquake detector, 13... V/H detector, 14... Epicenter distance and epicenter depth estimator.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 一観測地点で、上下方向、東西方向、南北方
向の3成分の振動波形を測定する装置において、 (a) 上下動成分と水平動成分の振幅の比を算出す
る手段と、 (b) 地震波の到来を常時監視し、地震波の到来を
検出すると、初動部分の周期、初動部分の振
幅、及び初動部分の上下動成分と水平動成分の
振幅の比の最大値を算出する手段と、 (c) 前記初動部分の平均振幅と、前記初動部分の
周期と、前記上下動成分と水平成分の振幅の比
の最大値に基づいて、震源距離と震源の深さを
推定する手段を設けるようにしたことを特徴と
する震源距離及び震源の深さ推定装置。
[Claims] 1. In an apparatus for measuring vibration waveforms of three components in the vertical direction, east-west direction, and north-south direction at one observation point, (a) means for calculating the ratio of the amplitude of the vertical motion component and the horizontal motion component; (b) Constantly monitor the arrival of seismic waves, and when the arrival of seismic waves is detected, calculate the maximum value of the period of the initial motion part, the amplitude of the initial motion part, and the ratio of the amplitude of the vertical motion component and the horizontal motion component of the initial motion part. (c) estimating the epicenter distance and the epicenter depth based on the average amplitude of the initial motion portion, the period of the initial motion portion, and the maximum value of the ratio of the amplitudes of the vertical motion component and the horizontal component; An apparatus for estimating an epicenter distance and an epicenter depth, characterized in that a means is provided.
JP61234372A 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Apparatus for estimating hypocentral distance Granted JPS6390788A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61234372A JPS6390788A (en) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Apparatus for estimating hypocentral distance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61234372A JPS6390788A (en) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Apparatus for estimating hypocentral distance

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6390788A JPS6390788A (en) 1988-04-21
JPH0511871B2 true JPH0511871B2 (en) 1993-02-16

Family

ID=16969973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61234372A Granted JPS6390788A (en) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Apparatus for estimating hypocentral distance

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6390788A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018159599A (en) * 2017-03-22 2018-10-11 パナソニックホームズ株式会社 Vibration determination method of building and vibration determination apparatus of building

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6095376A (en) * 1983-10-31 1985-05-28 Fujitsu Ltd Tidal wave forecasting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6390788A (en) 1988-04-21

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