JPH051316B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to cutting and grinding fluids for metal materials used in the manufacturing fields of steel, machinery, automobiles, etc., and more specifically to emulsion molds and solutions that prevent spoilage and quality deterioration caused by microorganisms. This invention relates to mold cutting and production of grinding fluid. Traditionally, water-insoluble oils have been widely used for cutting and grinding various metal materials in the manufacturing, processing, and related industries of steel, machinery, automobiles, etc., but in recent years, Water-soluble emulsion-type and solution-type cutting and grinding fluids have been introduced in order to promote production rationalization such as improving the workplace environment, preventing fires, and saving resources and costs. is on the rise. Compared to water-insoluble oils, water-soluble cutting/grinding fluids generally contain ingredients such as lubricants, extreme pressure additives, rust preventives, and anticorrosive agents in the form of fine particles that can be dispersed or dissolved in water. Since it dissolves and exhibits cutting and grinding performance, a stable emulsified or solubilized state is required, as well as good cutting and grinding performance, tool life retention, rust prevention performance, ability to prevent metal discoloration, defoaming ability, There has been a demand for special properties such as low skin irritation and waste liquid treatment performance. Conventionally, such water-soluble oils have mainly been based on paraffinic or naphthenic mineral oils, and in addition to extreme pressure additives containing sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus, they have also been used as anticorrosive agents for cutting copper alloys. Benzotriazole and its derivatives are used for grinding, fatty acid esters, vegetable and animal fats and oils are used as oil improvers, thiazole or triazine fungicides are used as preservatives, and fatty acid salts, petroleum sulfonates, fatty acid alkanolamides are used as emulsifiers. , polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactants, etc. have been selected and blended. However, in actual use, this water-soluble oil agent is used as a 1-10% emulsion or solution for a long period of one year or more, so during that time, the oil agent used in the previous process is lost. Contamination, inflow of hydraulic oil, lubricating oil, anti-corrosion oil, etc. from machine tools, and microbial contamination from the air and environment can cause spoilage and deterioration of oil performance due to microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, and filamentous fungi. In addition to the generation of rust and bad odors, separation of emulsions, generation of sticky substances, and decrease in pH have occurred, and these problems remain to be solved. In order to prevent microbial contamination of such emulsions or solutions of cutting and grinding fluids, conventionally, for example, trishydroxyethyl-triazine, trishydroxymethylnitromethane, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one,
Bactericides and preservatives such as 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, alkanolamines, and PH improvers such as potassium or soda have been used, but the effects of these additives are short-lived. However, when used in large quantities, it often causes new problems such as the generation of chemical odor, increased toxicity, decreased cutting and grinding performance, and decreased waste liquid treatment performance. In order to solve the problem of microbial contamination of water-soluble cutting and grinding fluids at metal processing sites, the present inventors continued their research and found that the main cause of microbial contamination was found in water-soluble cutting and grinding fluids. It has been found that paraffinic and naphthenic mineral oils, which are contained in large amounts as base oils, have significantly proliferated due to the assimilation of contaminant microorganisms, and synthetic oils with a branched structure as base oils that are difficult to be assimilated by microorganisms, i.e.
By using polypropylene, polybutene, and branched alkylbenzenes synthesized from these polymers and benzene, we can eliminate the long-term effects of microorganisms, which were previously difficult to solve with the use of disinfectants, preservatives, and PH improvers. The present invention was completed by discovering a method for preventing contamination. That is, the present invention uses polypropylene, polybutene, and branched alkylbenzenes derived from these polymers as base oils for water-soluble cutting/grinding fluids that are not assimilated by contaminating microorganisms and have the ability to cut and grind metal materials. This is based on the knowledge that Polypropylene according to the present invention can be easily synthesized by polymerizing propylene monomers, and polybutene can be easily synthesized by copolymerizing isobutylene and normal butene. It is already a well-known fact that branched alkylbenzene can be synthesized from polypropylene, polybutene, and benzene by a Friedel-Crafts reaction. These polymers can have any viscosity by changing their degree of polymerization, but base oils of 5 to 150 cst (40°C) are generally used as the base oil for cutting and grinding fluids according to the present invention. , practically preferably especially 20~100cst
(40℃) polymers are suitable. However, the spirit of the present invention should not be limited to this viscosity range. Next, the general compounding ratio of the cutting/grinding fluid according to the present invention is as follows, but is not limited thereto. Polypropylene, polybutene or branched alkylbenzene (viscosity 20-100 cst, at 40°C) 40-75% Fatty acid and fatty acid amide 5-15% Petroleum sulfonate 5-10% Polyoxyethylene ether or ester type nonionic surfactant 5- 10% {alkanolamine and inorganic alkali}
5 to 10% Preservative 0 to 3% Additives such as anticorrosion agents and antifoaming agents 0 to 5% Water 0 to 5% In addition, extreme pressure additives and various inhibitors can also be blended. Next, typical embodiments according to the present invention and conventional methods,
A comparative example containing mineral oil that has been used will be shown and explained.

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[Table] 1 Test method (1) Preservative test method 500 ml of the 3% emulsion (using tap water) of the above examples and comparative examples, 10 gr of cast iron (FC-20) powder, 10g of aluminum alloy powder and rotten cutting oil emulsion collected from the processing site (number of viable bacteria: 8 x 10 ⁸ cells/ml,
After adding 20 ml of PH7.1) and mixing, culture with shaking at 37°C for 12 hours while blowing air at a rate of 0.5 per minute using a shaking incubator (path 8 cm), then stop blowing air. Let stand for a while. This operation was repeated every day, and 5 ml of the above-mentioned putrefaction liquid was added every three days. The pH (glass electrode PH meter) and viable cell count (plate agar medium method) of this test culture solution were measured every week. (2) Cutting performance test 3-ton vertical internal drawing broaching machine, tools (SKH55 key broach tool width 7 mm, pitch width 8
mm) and cutting material (S45C, hardness HRC1619, cylinder outer diameter 50 mm, inner diameter 25.3 mm, height 20 mm) were used. The cutting conditions were a speed of 2 m/min, 42 cutting blades, a maximum cutting depth of 0.05 mm per blade, and 4 finishing blades. The 3% emulsions (tap water used) of Examples and Comparative Examples were poured into the processed parts and cut. Cutting performance was shown by measuring cutting resistance (load cell method) and finished surface roughness (stylus surface roughness measuring device). 2 Test results

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【table】

[Table] As shown by the above results, it is clear that the water-soluble cutting/grinding fluid according to the present invention has superior effects on cutting performance and antiseptic performance compared to conventional fluids containing mineral oil. .

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A water-soluble cutting/grinding fluid with good antiseptic properties, characterized by containing polypropylene, polybutene, or a branched alkylbenzene synthesized from a polymer thereof and benzene as a base oil.