JPH0514043B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0514043B2 JPH0514043B2 JP60031213A JP3121385A JPH0514043B2 JP H0514043 B2 JPH0514043 B2 JP H0514043B2 JP 60031213 A JP60031213 A JP 60031213A JP 3121385 A JP3121385 A JP 3121385A JP H0514043 B2 JPH0514043 B2 JP H0514043B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- measurement
- partition
- air
- inner diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
- E02D1/027—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating properties relating to fluids in the soil, e.g. pore-water pressure, permeability
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
この発明は、河川、堤防、自然地盤などの統帥
係数の測定、とくに、溜地止水用コア材の透水係
数の測定を現場で行うための透水試験の実施装置
に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] "Industrial Application Field" This invention is for measuring the governing coefficient of rivers, embankments, natural ground, etc., particularly for measuring the permeability coefficient of core materials for water stoppage of reservoirs on site. This article relates to equipment for conducting water permeability tests.
「従来の技術」
従来行われている現場透水試験方法は、「土地
改良事業計画設計基準」に示されている。即ち、
直径約15cm、深さ約20cmの孔を掘つて水を満た
し、翌日減衰深を測定する方法である。``Conventional technology'' The conventional on-site permeability test method is shown in the ``Land Improvement Project Design Standards''. That is,
This method involves digging a hole approximately 15 cm in diameter and 20 cm deep, filling it with water, and measuring the attenuation depth the next day.
この方法には、適切な測定器具がないうえ以下
の問題点がある。 This method has the following problems in addition to the lack of suitable measuring equipment.
(1) 孔を正確に掘ることが困難である。(1) It is difficult to dig holes accurately.
(2) 測定精度が悪い。(2) Poor measurement accuracy.
(3) 試験中に降雨があれば測定不能になる。(3) If it rains during the test, measurements will be impossible.
(4) 土質によつては、孔が崩壊することがある。(4) Depending on the soil quality, the pores may collapse.
(5) 結果が判明するまでに、長時間（12時間以
上）を要する。(5) It takes a long time (more than 12 hours) before the results are known.
従つて従来の透水試験は、多くの問題点を有し
ており、これが解決のため施工業者が苦慮してい
るのが現状である。 Therefore, the conventional water permeability test has many problems, and construction companies are currently struggling to solve these problems.
「問題点を解決するための手段」
そこでこの発明は、測定地盤に埋入されて測定
地盤を区画する区画筒と、エヤ抜きコツクを有し
て区画筒頂部に着脱自在に嵌着される密閉栓と、
内径が区画筒の内径より小さい、連続する細長い
筒状の水位測定用の目盛を有するコツク付き計測
細管と、密閉栓に着脱自在に嵌着される補助管
と、補助管と計測細管とを連結して計測細管を区
画筒へ連通させるゴム管とからなることを特徴と
する。``Means for Solving the Problems'' Therefore, the present invention provides a partition tube that is embedded in the measurement ground to partition the measurement ground, and an airtight seal that has an air venting hole and is removably fitted to the top of the partition tube. A stopper and
A measurement capillary tube with a cap that has an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the dividing tube and has a scale for measuring water level, an auxiliary tube that is removably fitted to the sealing stopper, and a connection between the auxiliary tube and the measurement capillary tube. and a rubber tube that communicates the measurement thin tube with the partition tube.
「実施例」
１，は真鍮製の円筒状区画筒で、下端部には測
定地盤に打ち込みやすいように、内壁から外壁に
向かつてテーパが設けられている。実施例ではこ
の区画筒１の内径は72mm、高さは120mmである。``Example'' 1 is a cylindrical division tube made of brass, and the lower end is tapered from the inner wall to the outer wall so that it can be easily driven into the ground for measurement. In the example, the inner diameter of this dividing cylinder 1 is 72 mm, and the height is 120 mm.
２はゴム製の密閉栓で、区画筒１の頂部に着脱
自在に、かつ水密に嵌着される。３はエヤ抜きコ
ツクで、密閉栓２に水密に嵌挿されており、密閉
栓２を嵌着された区画筒１に連通するエヤ抜き管
４の上端部に取付けられる。 Reference numeral 2 denotes a sealing stopper made of rubber, which is detachably fitted to the top of the partition tube 1 in a watertight manner. Reference numeral 3 denotes an air bleeder, which is watertightly fitted into the sealing plug 2 and is attached to the upper end of the air bleeder pipe 4 which communicates with the partition tube 1 into which the sealing plug 2 is fitted.
５は計測細管で下端部にコツク６を有する。実
施例では、内径９mmの細長い連続する筒状の25c.c.
用スタンドパイプ（目盛を刻設したガラス管）を
用いている。計測細管５の内空は、区画筒１の内
径よりはるかに小さく、従つて区画筒１によつて
形成される透水面積は、計測細管５内の横断面積
に比べてはるかに大きい。このように細長い計測
細管５を用いるのは、短時間でしかも正確に水位
変化量、即ち透水量を測定するためである。 Reference numeral 5 denotes a measuring tube having a tip 6 at its lower end. In the example, a long and continuous cylindrical 25 c.c. with an inner diameter of 9 mm is used.
A standpipe (a glass tube with a scale engraved on it) is used. The inner space of the measuring tube 5 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the dividing tube 1, and therefore the water permeable area formed by the dividing tube 1 is much larger than the cross-sectional area inside the measuring tube 5. The purpose of using the elongated measurement capillary tube 5 in this way is to accurately measure the amount of change in water level, that is, the amount of water permeation, in a short period of time.
実施例では透水面積の計測細管内の横断面積に
対する比ｎは、
ｎ＝〔(1/4)×π×722〕／〔(1/4)×π×92〕＝64
で、64倍である。 In the example, the ratio n of the permeable area to the cross-sectional area within the measurement tube is n = [(1/4) x π x 72 2 ] / [(1/4) x π x 9 2 ] = 64, which is 64 times. It is.
７は計測細管５と同外径、同内径の補助管で、
下端部は密閉栓２に嵌着され、その上端部と計測
細管５の下端部とはエヤ抜きゴム管８で連結され
る。従つて計測細管５は区画筒１と連通する。 7 is an auxiliary tube with the same outer diameter and the same inner diameter as the measurement thin tube 5,
The lower end is fitted into the sealing stopper 2, and the upper end thereof and the lower end of the measuring thin tube 5 are connected by an air release rubber tube 8. Therefore, the measuring capillary 5 communicates with the dividing cylinder 1.
なおエヤ抜きゴム管８で計測細管５と補助管７
とを連結することにより、全体の高さを850〜
1000mm以上も自由に調節でき、高い水圧をかける
ことができる。又計測細管５は内径が小さいた
め、管内のエヤが完全に放出されにくいが、エヤ
抜きゴム管８を圧迫することによつて、エヤ抜き
を完全に行なえる。 In addition, the measurement capillary tube 5 and the auxiliary tube 7 are connected to the air release rubber tube 8.
By connecting, the overall height can be increased from 850 to
It can be freely adjusted over 1000mm and can apply high water pressure. Furthermore, since the inner diameter of the measurement capillary tube 5 is small, it is difficult to completely release the air inside the tube, but by pressing the air release rubber tube 8, the air can be removed completely.
９はスタンドで、計測細管５を鉛直に支持する
ものである。 Reference numeral 9 denotes a stand that supports the measuring tube 5 vertically.
この発明の装置を使用する透水試験は次のよう
に行う。 A water permeability test using the apparatus of this invention is conducted as follows.
(1) 測定地盤がとくに固くない場合
第１図に示すように、測定地盤へハンマによ
り100mm程度打ち込んだ区画筒１に、密閉栓２
を嵌着し、計測細管５を密閉栓２に装着する。(1) When the measurement ground is not particularly hard As shown in Figure 1, a sealing plug 2 is inserted into the partition tube 1 that has been driven approximately 100 mm into the measurement ground using a hammer.
and attach the measuring capillary tube 5 to the sealing stopper 2.
エヤ抜きコツク３と計測細管５のコツク６と
を開き、計測細管５に注入してエヤ抜きコツク
３から排水させてエヤ抜きを行う。さらに測定
精度を高めるため、コツク６を閉めてエヤ抜き
ゴム管８を数回圧迫して排水する。 The air bleed pot 3 and the cap 6 of the measuring thin tube 5 are opened, the air is injected into the measuring thin tube 5, and the air is drained from the air bleed pot 3 to bleed the air. In order to further improve the measurement accuracy, close the pot 6 and press the air release rubber tube 8 several times to drain the air.
エヤ抜きが完了すればコツク６を開放して再
び計測細管５に注入し、水頭を目盛０にあわせ
てストツプウオツチで時間測定を行う。測定時
間は約15分である。 Once the air has been removed, the pot 6 is opened and the water is injected into the measuring tube 5 again, the water head is set to 0 on the scale, and the time is measured with a stopwatch. Measurement time is approximately 15 minutes.
透水係数ｋ（cm／sec）は、次の式で求められ
る。 The hydraulic permeability coefficient k (cm/sec) is determined by the following formula.
ｋ＝〔(h1-h2)／（Ｒ／ｒ）2〕×〔Io(h1/h2)／ｔ〕
但し
h1……測定開始時の水位
h2……測定終了時の水位
Ｒ……区画筒内径の半径
ｒ……測定細管内径の半径
Io……自然対数
ｔ……測定時間
（単位 cm・sec）
(2) 測定地盤が固い場合
測定地盤が硬くて区画筒１を打ち込めない場
合は、第２図のように、のみとハンマにより区
画筒１を収容可能な大きさに掘つた孔に区画筒
１を収容する。区画筒１の周囲はりようしつの
硬質石膏、例えばゾーンストン（商品名）、又
は粘度でシール層１０を形成しておく。区画筒
１内の露出地盤は、区画筒１の最下端にある。k=[(h 1 -h 2 )/(R/r) 2 ]×[I o (h 1 /h 2 )/t] However, h 1 ... Water level at the start of measurement h 2 ... At the end of measurement Water level R...Radius of the inner diameter of the compartment cylinder r...Radius of the inner diameter of the measuring tube Io ...Natural logarithm t...Measurement time (unit cm・sec) (2) When the measurement ground is hard The measurement ground is hard and the compartment cylinder 1 If it is not possible to drive the partition cylinder 1 into the hole, as shown in FIG. 2, insert the partition cylinder 1 into a hole dug with a chisel and a hammer to a size that can accommodate the partition cylinder 1. A sealing layer 10 is formed around the partition tube 1 using hard plaster, such as Zonestone (trade name), or viscosity. The exposed ground inside the division tube 1 is located at the lowest end of the division tube 1.
以下、前述のようにエヤ抜きを行つて測定す
る。透水係数ｋは次の式で求められる。 Thereafter, the air is removed and measured as described above. The permeability coefficient k is determined by the following formula.
ｋ＝〔r2／（Ｌ＋Ｒ）ｔ〕×Io〔Ｌ＋Ｒ＋h1）／（Ｌ＋
Ｒ＋h2）〕
但し、
Ｌ……測定地盤の地表から区画筒内の露出地盤
までの距離
h1……測定開始時の水位
h2……測定終了時の水位
Ｒ……区画筒内径の半径
ｒ……測定細管内径の半径
Io……自然対数
ｔ……測定時間
（単位 cm・sec）
「発明の効果」
測定結果が、15ないし30分の短時間で得られ、
しかも測定精度が従来に比しはるかに優れてい
る。k=[r 2 /(L+R)t]×I o [L+R+h 1 )/(L+
R + h 2 )] However, L... Distance from the surface of the measurement ground to the exposed ground inside the division cylinder h 1 ... Water level at the start of measurement h 2 ... Water level at the end of measurement R ... Radius of the inner diameter of the division cylinder r ...Radius of the inner diameter of the measurement tube Io ...Natural logarithm t ...Measurement time (unit: cm・sec) "Effects of the invention" Measurement results can be obtained in a short time of 15 to 30 minutes,
Moreover, the measurement accuracy is far superior to that of conventional methods.
即ち、細長い計測細管を用いるため、水圧をで
きるだけ大きくできるうえ、透水面積に対する計
測細管内の横断面積の比を大きくすることによ
り、透水量が僅かでも水位差が大きくあらわれ、
計測精度を高めることができる。又エヤ抜きコツ
クとエヤ抜きゴム管とで、エヤ抜きが完全に行え
るので測定精度を高められる。 In other words, since a long and thin measuring tube is used, the water pressure can be made as high as possible, and by increasing the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the measuring tube to the water permeation area, a large water level difference appears even if the amount of water permeation is small.
Measurement accuracy can be improved. In addition, the air bleed pot and rubber tube allow for complete air bleed, increasing measurement accuracy.
又測定結果から施工上の問題点を的確に把握で
きるので、迅速に対処できる。例えば施工地盤が
透水しやすい場合は、土質が不的であるか、或い
は施工の締め固めが不十分であることによる。そ
こで、土の交換を行うよう、或いは締め固めを十
分に行うよう指示できる。 Furthermore, since construction problems can be accurately identified from the measurement results, they can be dealt with quickly. For example, if the construction ground is easily permeable to water, it is because the soil quality is poor or the construction is insufficiently compacted. Therefore, instructions can be given to replace the soil or to thoroughly compact the soil.
第１図は実施例の一部欠截正面図、第２図は他
の実施例の一部欠截正面図である。
１……区画筒、２……密閉栓、３……エヤ抜き
コツク、５……計測細管、６……コツク、７……
補助管、８……エヤ抜きゴム管。
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view of another embodiment. 1...Dividing tube, 2...Sealing stopper, 3...Air bleed pot, 5...Measuring tube, 6...Cut, 7...
Auxiliary pipe, 8... Air release rubber pipe.
Claims (1)
画筒と、エヤ抜きコツクを有して区画筒頂部に着
脱自在に嵌着される密閉栓と、内径が区画筒の内
径より小さい、連続する細長い筒状の水位測定用
の目盛を有するコツク付き計測細管と、密閉栓に
着脱自在に嵌着される補助管と、補助管と計測細
管とを連結して、計測細管を区画筒へ連通させる
エヤ抜きゴム管とからなる現場透水試験の実施装
置。1. A partition tube that is embedded in the measurement ground to partition the measurement ground, a sealing plug that has an air vent and is removably fitted to the top of the partition tube, and a continuous pipe with an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the partition tube. A measurement capillary tube with a slender cylindrical water level measurement scale and an auxiliary tube removably fitted into the sealing stopper; the auxiliary tube and the measurement capillary tube are connected to communicate the measurement capillary tube to the partition tube. An on-site water permeability test equipment consisting of an air release rubber tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3121385A JPS61191712A (en) | 1985-02-18 | 1985-02-18 | Method and device of performing in-place test for permeation of water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3121385A JPS61191712A (en) | 1985-02-18 | 1985-02-18 | Method and device of performing in-place test for permeation of water |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61191712A JPS61191712A (en) | 1986-08-26 |
| JPH0514043B2 true JPH0514043B2 (en) | 1993-02-24 |
Family
ID=12325151
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3121385A Granted JPS61191712A (en) | 1985-02-18 | 1985-02-18 | Method and device of performing in-place test for permeation of water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61191712A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0673007U (en) * | 1993-03-24 | 1994-10-11 | 信越ポリマー株式会社 | Rubber roll with groove for paper feeding |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2800165B1 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2002-01-25 | Eaux De Marseille | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE PERMEABILITY OF A SOIL |
| EP1458937A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2004-09-22 | Arcaid International Limited | Percolation test apparatus |
| US8229672B2 (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2012-07-24 | Brian Lee Prigge | Percolation test apparatus |
| CN102980987B (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-12-17 | 山东科技大学 | Simulation test stand for plugging of two ends of drill hole |
| CN104677802B (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2017-05-17 | 扬州大学 | Multifunctional linkage device integrating sewage time-sharing sampling and permeation coefficient testing and working method of multifunctional linkage device |
| CN114544087B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-06-13 | 中交二公局第三工程有限公司 | Bridge seepage detection equipment for bridge detection |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56107147A (en) * | 1980-01-30 | 1981-08-25 | Taisei Kiso Sekkei Kk | Geological test method & device |
| JPS5850215A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-03-24 | Katsumi Kitanaka | Permeability test at site |
-
1985
- 1985-02-18 JP JP3121385A patent/JPS61191712A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0673007U (en) * | 1993-03-24 | 1994-10-11 | 信越ポリマー株式会社 | Rubber roll with groove for paper feeding |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61191712A (en) | 1986-08-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Ritchie et al. | Water movement in undisturbed swelling clay soil | |
| Cui et al. | Monitoring field soil suction using a miniature tensiometer | |
| CA1134175A (en) | Device for determining the pore water pressure in a soil | |
| Ankeny | Methods and theory for unconfined infiltration measurements | |
| JP4844924B2 (en) | In-situ permeability test method | |
| CN105043891B (en) | A kind of muddy water cleavage fracture stress test device and method for shield tunnel | |
| CN204789260U (en) | A one -dimensional infiltration appearance for testing soil body osmotic coefficient | |
| Bhardwaj et al. | Development of a portable rainfall simulator infiltrometer for infiltration, runoff and erosion studies | |
| US5758538A (en) | Tensiometer and method of determining soil moisture potential in below-grade earthen soil | |
| Baker et al. | Limitations of the instantaneous profile method for field measurement of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity | |
| JPH0514043B2 (en) | ||
| Leamer et al. | Determination of pore-size distribution in soils | |
| Childs et al. | The measurement of the hydraulic permeability of saturated soil in situ. II | |
| CN209525229U (en) | A kind of constant head Radial Flow Through Porous Media experimental rig | |
| CN202305453U (en) | Bidirectional electro-osmosis consolidometer | |
| AU641165B2 (en) | Method and device for in-situ measurement of ground heave characteristics | |
| US6752007B1 (en) | Horizontal advanced tensiometer | |
| Reeve | Water potential: piezometry | |
| CN209727937U (en) | A kind of high precision soil dilatometer can be used for roadbed filling | |
| US5065623A (en) | Water Monitor | |
| Winger | In-place permeability tests and their use in subsurface drainage | |
| CN110907332A (en) | Testing device and method for horizontal permeability coefficient of shallow soil | |
| Koppi et al. | The preparation of unsmeared soil surfaces and an improved apparatus for infiltration measurements | |
| CN207051158U (en) | A kind of permeation coefficient of permeable concrete determines device | |
| CN210347406U (en) | A simple device for measuring the permeability coefficient of unsaturated clay |