JPH0516161B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0516161B2 JPH0516161B2 JP58088148A JP8814883A JPH0516161B2 JP H0516161 B2 JPH0516161 B2 JP H0516161B2 JP 58088148 A JP58088148 A JP 58088148A JP 8814883 A JP8814883 A JP 8814883A JP H0516161 B2 JPH0516161 B2 JP H0516161B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- magnet
- magnets
- performance
- reused
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0558—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together bonded together
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂をバインダーとして、
R−Mz磁石粉末を射出成形法により成形する永
久磁石の製造方法に関するものである。
[従来の技術]
従来、永久磁石の主体は、フエライト磁石のア
ルニコ磁石であつたが、近年、希土類磁石とよば
れるR−Co磁石が、フエライト磁石に比べ、高
性能なため急速な伸びを示してきた。
第2図に、フエライト磁石とアルニコ磁石及び
R−Co磁石の3種のヒステリシス曲線を示す。
図中、1はフエライト磁石、2はアルニコ磁
石、3はR−Mz磁石である。
また、近年、フエライト磁石やR−Mz磁石の
主流であつた焼結による製造方法とは異なり、熱
可塑性樹脂をバインダーとし、射出成形法により
製造される磁石が増加してきた。
これは、焼結法では製造困難な薄肉磁石や、ラ
ジアル異方性を有する磁石が、比較的容易に製造
可能なためである。
よつて数年前から、フエライトの射出成形磁石
の製造が始められ、現在、ブラウン管用センタリ
ング磁石など、大きな市場を形成するまでに発展
した。
[発明が解決しようとする課題]
しかし、R−Mz磁石においては、未だに工業
ベースには乗つていない。
その大きな原因の一つに、スプール及びランナ
ーの再利用可否の問題がある。
第3図に、参照として射出成形された物の模式
図を示す。
第3図中、4はスプール、5はランナー、6は
製品である。
一般に、製品体積率、つまり、
製品の体積/(スプール+ランナー+製品)の体
積
の比率は、30%前後である。
フエライト磁石の場合は、原料のフエライト粉
末のコストが、一般に0.3〜0.5円/gと安いた
め、廃却し、再利用しなくても、製品コストへを
影響は、微小であり、工業化への大きな問題にな
らなかつた。
しかし、R−Mz磁石の場合は、原料粉末のコ
ストが、一般に20〜50円/gとと、フエライトの
ほぼ100倍であり、スプール+ランナー部の70%
の再利用をせず、廃却することは、製品コストが
高くなり工業化は不可能である。
この為、スプール及びランナーの再利用を何回
繰り返えしてやれるかが、R−Mz射出成形磁石
を工業ベースに乗せられるか否かのポイントとな
る。
一般に射出成形では、230〜320℃に昇温し、射
出するため、磁石粉の酸化や、磁壁のピニング効
果への影響などにより、性能が劣化し、再利用が
できなかつた。
本発明は、良好な永久磁石を射出成形法で再利
用回数を向上させることである。
本発明の課題は、前述の従来技術の欠点を解決
し、R−Mz射出成形磁石を、工業ベースに乗せ
得る永久磁石を提供することにある。
[課題を解決するための手段]
本発明は、R−Mz(Rは、希土類元素の1種ま
たは、2種以上、Mzは、コバルトを主体とする
合金)磁石粉末と、熱可塑性樹脂を原料とし、射
出成形法で成形する永久磁石の製造方法におい
て、
磁石粉末として真の保磁力(iHc)が、6000エ
ルステツト以上のR2−Mz14〜17の磁石粉末を使用
し、且つ該磁石、スプル又はランナーのうち少な
くとも1つを含む前記原料を用いることを特徴と
する永久磁石の製造方法である。
[作用]
従来は、R1〜Mz5の組成を主体として、射出
成形を行つていたが、この磁石は、単磁区異方性
のため原料粉末粒度を10ミクロン以下にしなけれ
ばならず、粒度が細かいために、原料の表面積が
膨大となり、酸化が甚だしく、再利用は無理であ
つた。しかし、本発明では、この原料をiHc6000
エルステツト以上のR2−Mz14〜17に変更すること
により、成功したものである。
磁石の再利用可否の概略的基準を次に述べる。
現在、一般に磁石性能の公差は、±5%が標準で
あり、レンジで10%のバラツキまでゆるされてい
る。しかし、これは全ての要因を含むバラツキで
あり、製品体積率30%前後の製品を製造する際の
再利用による性能劣化は、この半分の5%の範囲
でなければ安定生産とはならない。
今、この成形を行う際、社回は100%がバージ
ン材であるが、次にスプール及びランナー部を再
利用した際には、バージン材30%、1回再利用材
21%、2回再利用材49%となり、これを何回も繰
り返すと、その割合は、次のようになる。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention uses a thermoplastic resin as a binder,
The present invention relates to a method for producing a permanent magnet by molding R-Mz magnet powder by injection molding. [Conventional technology] Conventionally, the main type of permanent magnet has been alnico magnets, which are ferrite magnets, but in recent years, R-Co magnets called rare earth magnets have shown rapid growth due to their higher performance than ferrite magnets. It's here. FIG. 2 shows three types of hysteresis curves for ferrite magnets, alnico magnets, and R-Co magnets. In the figure, 1 is a ferrite magnet, 2 is an alnico magnet, and 3 is an R-Mz magnet. In addition, in recent years, unlike the manufacturing method by sintering which was the mainstream for ferrite magnets and R-Mz magnets, the number of magnets manufactured by injection molding using a thermoplastic resin as a binder has increased. This is because thin-walled magnets and magnets with radial anisotropy, which are difficult to manufacture using the sintering method, can be manufactured relatively easily. Several years ago, production of injection-molded ferrite magnets began, and the company has now developed into a large market for products such as centering magnets for cathode ray tubes. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, R-Mz magnets have not yet reached the industrial base. One of the major causes is the issue of whether or not the spool and runner can be reused. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the injection molded product as a reference. In FIG. 3, 4 is a spool, 5 is a runner, and 6 is a product. Generally, the product volume ratio, that is, the ratio of product volume/(spool + runner + product) volume, is around 30%. In the case of ferrite magnets, the cost of the raw material ferrite powder is generally as low as 0.3 to 0.5 yen/g, so even if it is discarded and not reused, the impact on the product cost is minimal, and there is no need for industrialization. It wasn't a big problem. However, in the case of R-Mz magnets, the cost of the raw material powder is generally 20 to 50 yen/g, which is approximately 100 times that of ferrite, and 70% of the cost of the spool + runner part.
Disposal without reuse increases product costs and makes industrialization impossible. Therefore, the key to whether or not R-Mz injection molded magnets can be put on an industrial basis is how many times the spool and runner can be reused. Generally, in injection molding, the temperature is raised to 230 to 320 degrees Celsius and then the material is injected, which deteriorates the performance due to oxidation of the magnet powder and the effect on the pinning effect of the domain wall, making it impossible to reuse it. The present invention is to improve the number of times a good permanent magnet can be reused by injection molding. It is an object of the present invention to provide a permanent magnet that overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art described above and allows R-Mz injection molded magnets to be placed on an industrial basis. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention uses R-Mz (R is one or more rare earth elements, Mz is an alloy mainly composed of cobalt) magnet powder and a thermoplastic resin as raw materials. In the method for manufacturing a permanent magnet molded by injection molding, a magnet powder with a true coercive force (iHc) of R 2 -Mz 14 to 17 of 6000 oers or more is used, and the magnet is sprue. Alternatively, the method for producing a permanent magnet is characterized in that the raw material containing at least one of the runners is used. [Function] Conventionally, injection molding was performed mainly with a composition of R 1 to Mz 5 , but because of the single domain anisotropy of this magnet, the particle size of the raw material powder had to be 10 microns or less. Because the particle size is fine, the surface area of the raw material becomes enormous, and oxidation is severe, making it impossible to reuse it. However, in the present invention, this raw material is
Success was achieved by changing R 2 -Mz to 14 to 17 , which is higher than Oerstedt. The general criteria for determining whether magnets can be reused are described below.
Currently, the standard tolerance for magnet performance is ±5%, and variations of up to 10% are allowed in the range. However, this is a variation that includes all factors, and when producing a product with a product volume ratio of around 30%, stable production cannot be achieved unless the performance deterioration due to reuse is within half of this, 5%. Now, when performing this molding, the company is made of 100% virgin material, but next time the spool and runner parts are reused, 30% virgin material and once recycled material are used.
21%, twice recycled material 49%, and if you repeat this many times, the percentage will be as follows.
【表】
ここで、性能低下は、再利用回数にほぼ比例す
るので、バージン材のみで成形した時の性能をA
とし、再利用回数をnとし、性能低下計数をaと
したときの、n回目の再利用品のみで成形した時
の性能Boは、
Bo=A×an (1)
となる。
従つて、バージン材のみで成形した時の性能A
を繰り返し、再利用を行い表1のようになつた時
の性能Cの差が、5%以下でなければならず、そ
の場合、性能低下係数aは、約0.98となる。
これを(1)式に代入すると、10回再利用した材料
のみで成形した時の性能B10は、性能Aの80%で
なければならない。
よつて、本発明においては、再利用可能な規準
を、B10≧A×0.8とした。
我々は、本発明において、従来のR1−Mz5系
材料から、R2−Mz14〜17系の材料に変更したが、
これは、R2−Mz14〜17材は、ピニング効果を利用
した磁石であり、磁粉の粒度は、R1−Mz5材に
比べ約10倍あり、その表面積は1/100となり、表
面酸化による劣化が、少なくなつたためである。
しかし、これだけでは、不十分であり、この磁
石材料においても、磁石の保持力iHcの大きさに
より、再利用による性能劣化が異なることがわか
つた。これにより、B10≧A×0.8を満たすために
は、
磁石の保持力iHc≧6000以上が必要である。
以下実施例により詳述する。
[実施例]
sm(Co、Cu、Fe、Zr)8.1の原料を、時効処理の
条件を変更し、磁石の保持力iHc=2000、4000、
6000、8000、10000、15000、20000エルステツト
の材料、7種類の粉末を作り、体積比の40%のナ
イロンを入れて混練し、280℃成形でそれぞれ10
回の再利用を行い、φ10mm×10mmの丸棒を成形
し、その表面磁束を測定し、性能の低下を調べ
た。
第1図に磁石の保持力iHcの違いによる、Aに
対するB10の低下を示したグラフを示す。
この第1図より分かるように、再利用性は、磁
石の保持力iHc600エルステツト以下では、極端
に悪化し、再利用が困難である。
尚、本発明は、原料の組成と磁石の保持力iHc
を規定するものであり、バインダーの種類や、そ
の配合重量%には関係なく有効である。
[発明の効果]
本発明の永久磁石によれば、射出成形永久磁石
の再利用回数を向上させ、良好な永久磁石を得る
ことが出来、R−Mz射出成形磁石を、工業ベー
スに乗せることが出来るものである。[Table] Here, performance degradation is approximately proportional to the number of reuses, so the performance when molded only with virgin material is A.
When the number of times of reuse is n and the performance deterioration factor is a, the performance B o when molded only with the n-th reused product is B o =A×a n (1). Therefore, performance A when molded only with virgin material
The difference in performance C when repeated and reused as shown in Table 1 must be 5% or less, in which case the performance deterioration coefficient a will be approximately 0.98. Substituting this into equation (1), performance B 10 when molded using only material that has been reused 10 times must be 80% of performance A. Therefore, in the present invention, the criterion for reusability is B 10 ≧A×0.8. In the present invention, we changed from the conventional R 1 -Mz 5 material to an R 2 -Mz 14-17 material, but
This is because the R 2 -Mz 14-17 materials are magnets that utilize the pinning effect, and the particle size of the magnetic particles is approximately 10 times that of the R 1 -Mz 5 material, and their surface area is 1/100, which reduces surface oxidation. This is because the deterioration caused by However, this alone is insufficient, and it was found that even with this magnet material, the performance deterioration due to reuse differs depending on the magnitude of the magnet's coercive force iHc. Accordingly, in order to satisfy B 10 ≧A×0.8, the magnetic holding force iHc≧6000 is required. This will be explained in detail below using examples. [Example] The raw material of sm (Co, Cu, Fe, Zr) 8.1 was changed to the aging treatment conditions, and the coercive force of the magnet iHc = 2000, 4000,
Seven types of powders of 6000, 8000, 10000, 15000, and 20000 Oerstedt were made, mixed with 40% nylon by volume, and molded at 280℃ to form 10
The material was reused to form a round bar with a diameter of 10 mm x 10 mm, and its surface magnetic flux was measured to investigate the deterioration in performance. FIG. 1 shows a graph showing the decrease in B 10 with respect to A due to differences in the holding force iHc of the magnet. As can be seen from FIG. 1, reusability deteriorates extremely when the holding force of the magnet is less than iHc600 Oersted, making reuse difficult. In addition, the present invention is based on the composition of the raw material and the holding force iHc of the magnet.
It is effective regardless of the type of binder or the weight percentage of the binder. [Effects of the Invention] According to the permanent magnet of the present invention, the number of reuses of the injection molded permanent magnet can be increased, a good permanent magnet can be obtained, and the R-Mz injection molded magnet can be put on an industrial basis. It is possible.
第1図は本発明の実施例におけるiHcの違いに
よる、Aに対するB10の低下を示したグラフ、第
2図はフエライト磁石とアルニコ磁石及びR−
Co磁石の3種のヒステリシス曲線を示すグラフ、
第3図は射出成形された物の模式図である。
1:フエライト、2:アルニコ、3:R−Mz、
4:スプール、5:ランナー、6:製品。
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the decrease in B 10 with respect to A due to differences in iHc in the examples of the present invention, and FIG.
A graph showing three types of hysteresis curves for Co magnets,
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an injection molded product. 1: Ferrite, 2: Alnico, 3: R-Mz,
4: Spool, 5: Runner, 6: Product.
Claims (1)
種以上、Mzは、コバルトを主体とする合金)磁
石粉末と熱可塑性樹脂との混合物を原料とし、射
出成形法で成形する永久磁石の製造方法におい
て、 磁石粉末として真の保磁力(iHc)が、6000エ
ルステツト以上のR2−Mz14〜17の磁石粉末を使用
し、且つ該磁石、スプル又はランナーのうち少な
くとも1つを含む前記原料を用いることを特徴と
する永久磁石の製造方法。[Claims] 1 R-Mz (R is one kind of rare earth element or 2
In the manufacturing method of permanent magnets, which uses a mixture of magnet powder and thermoplastic resin as raw materials and molds it by injection molding, the true coercive force (iHc) of the magnet powder is , 6000 oersted or more and R 2 -Mz 14 to 17 , and the raw material containing at least one of the magnet, sprue, or runner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58088148A JPS59213104A (en) | 1983-05-19 | 1983-05-19 | Permanent magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58088148A JPS59213104A (en) | 1983-05-19 | 1983-05-19 | Permanent magnet |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1285016A Division JP2689651B2 (en) | 1989-11-02 | 1989-11-02 | Method for manufacturing permanent magnet molded body |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59213104A JPS59213104A (en) | 1984-12-03 |
| JPH0516161B2 true JPH0516161B2 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
Family
ID=13934843
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58088148A Granted JPS59213104A (en) | 1983-05-19 | 1983-05-19 | Permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59213104A (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5563807A (en) * | 1978-11-07 | 1980-05-14 | Seiko Epson Corp | Grindable permanent magnet |
| JPS55128502A (en) * | 1979-03-23 | 1980-10-04 | Tdk Corp | Permanent magnet material and its manufacture |
| JPS5623711A (en) * | 1979-08-02 | 1981-03-06 | Seiko Epson Corp | Production of intermetallic compound magnet |
| JPS56114309A (en) * | 1980-02-13 | 1981-09-08 | Tdk Corp | Manufacture of permanent magnet |
| JPS59136907A (en) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-08-06 | Seiko Epson Corp | Manufacture of resin bonded rare-earth cobalt magnet |
-
1983
- 1983-05-19 JP JP58088148A patent/JPS59213104A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59213104A (en) | 1984-12-03 |
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