JPH051704B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a transplanting device that uses encased seedlings having a certain shape of encased soil in the transplant cultivation of agricultural crops.

(Conventional technology) The transplanting device that was originally developed was based on the premise of using seedlings without wrapping soil, that is, naked seedlings, and the method was to manually feed each seedling into the device, and it is still used in various places today. There is. This transplanting device must transport individual seedlings from the feeding site to the planting trench and hold them until the roots of the seedlings are covered with soil. I need.

Most of the automatic transplanting devices that were developed after that were based on the use of seedlings with wrapped soil, that is, wrapped seedlings. The system was equipped with a mechanism to transport the seedlings to the planting trench and cover the seedlings with soil, making the mechanism complex and limiting its capacity and performance.

In recent years, as part of the solution to this problem, a method has been developed in which individual seedlings separated from the aligned seedlings are allowed to fall naturally from that part and guided to the planting groove using a drop tube and guide, which significantly simplifies the mechanism of the transplanting device. At the same time, it has become possible to employ a mechanism for separating individual seedlings from the aligned seedlings at high speed, and it has become possible to provide a compact, high-performance transplanting device with an extremely simple mechanism.

For example, paper tube seedlings, which are one type of soil-wrapped seedlings, are usually made using a seedling container made of a number of paper tubes arranged in an orderly manner and connected so that they can be separated. The lined seedlings are separated into individual paper tube seedlings and transplanted, but because the soil is much heavier than the stems and leaves, the paper tube seedlings fall easily and are easy to control their posture, and the paper tube seedlings fall naturally using a drop tube or guide. Since the soil is securely held in the paper tube when guiding the soil to the planting trench, there is no worry that the soil will collapse and the operation will become uncertain. Furthermore, paper seedling cylinders are easy to separate from aligned seedlings and are suitable for high-speed separation. From this,
A drop-type transplanting device using paper tube seedlings has been put into practical use as a compact, high-performance transplanting device with an extremely simple mechanism.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, the use of seedling wrapping and the dropping method provides a radical transplanting device and greatly contributes to the universalization of transplant cultivation, but the conventional dropping method With this transplanting device, the seedlings that are guided into the planting groove fall over before being covered with soil.
The plant sometimes gets buried in the bottom of the planting trench, and despite its excellent performance as mentioned above, sufficient reliability cannot be obtained.

In other words, when transplanting by the drop method,
In addition to forming planting grooves in the field with a groove opener,
The wrapped seedlings are dropped into the planting trench immediately after the trench opener and immediately covered with soil using the soil covering mechanism. Seedlings placed in contact with the bottom of a trench tend to fall in the front-back direction, that is, in the direction in which the trench extends, due to the impact of falling and the flow of covering soil, resulting in them being buried at the bottom of the trench. Something happened.

In order to solve this problem, one method is to make one side of the planting groove a slope, guide the falling seedlings to this slope using a guide, and arrange the seedlings in rows with the sides of the soil in contact with the slope of the planting groove. However, in this method, after one end of the bottom of the wrapped seedling that falls naturally in the vertical direction collides with the slope of the guide body, it does not immediately slide down the slope, but falls over and does not move normally. There were times when it was not possible to plant.

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, provide a simple and high-performance transplanting device, and dramatically expand transplant cultivation.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The transplanting device of the present invention uses a seedling wrapped in a certain shape, and the width of at least a part of the cross section is slightly narrower than the width of the wrapped soil. A groove opener forms a groove, and a planting groove formed by this groove opener applies a constant force in the direction of pushing the wrapped seedling into the planting groove. The system is equipped with a seedling planting mechanism for supplying seedlings.

(Function) The transplanting device of the present invention forms a planting groove in which the width of at least a portion of the cross section is slightly narrower than the width of the wrapping soil, and places the seedlings in the wrapping in this planting groove. A seedling embedding mechanism applies a constant force in the direction of pushing the seedlings into the planting groove, and the friction between part or all of both walls of the planting groove and the wrapping part prevents the seedlings from tipping over. , covered with soil
It is meant to be planted.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

6 and 7 show paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 used in the transplanting device of the present invention. This paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 consist of a large number of hexagonal tube-shaped paper tubes that are neatly arranged in a honeycomb pattern in the left-right and front-back directions. Seedling raising containers arranged in a shape and separably connected with water-soluble glue are used, and each paper tube of the seedling raising container is filled with soil to form the encasing portion 2, and seeds are sown in each of these encasing portions 2. The seedlings are grown, separated into individual paper tube seedlings 3 as seedlings in soil, and transplanted.

Next, the transplant device will be explained.

In Fig. 1, 11 is a machine frame, and this machine frame 11
A tractor connecting portion 12 is provided at the front upper part of the machine frame 11, and a suppression wheel 13 is provided at the rear of the machine frame 11 to connect to the shaft 14.
It is supported by. Further, a coulter 15 is mounted on a shaft at the front lower part of the machine frame 11.

A seedling conveyor 21 is provided at the upper part of the machine frame 11 and is inclined forward and downward. In this seedling conveyor 21, roller pulleys 23 are mounted on the front and rear of a conveyor frame 22, and an endless conveyor belt 24 is stretched between the front and rear roller pulleys 23. A receiving plate 25 is connected to the front part of the seedling conveyor 21.

Further, a rotating shaft 32 is horizontally suspended on a frame plate 31 fixed to the front part of the conveyor frame 22, and a large number of regulating plates 33 are fixed to this rotating shaft 32, and each of these regulating plates 33 separates seedlings. A body 34 is provided respectively.

The shaft 14 of the suppressing wheel 13 and the rotating shaft 32 of the regulating plate 33, and the seedling conveyor 21 and the rotating shaft 32 are connected by interlocking mechanisms 35 and 36. When the suppression wheel 13 rotates, each regulating plate 33 rotates together with the rotating shaft 32 via the interlocking mechanism 35, and the seedling conveyor 21 rotates via the interlocking mechanism 36.
A conveyor belt 24 rotates.

A seedling planting mechanism 41 is located below the front of the seedling conveyor 21.
is provided. In this seedling planting mechanism 41, a drop pipe 42 is vertically attached to the machine frame 11. This drop tube 42 has an inlet 43 at the upper end widened, and the width gradually narrows as it goes downward, and a discharge port 44 is formed at the lower end. Further, a seedling guide body 46 is connected to the lower end of the drop tube 42 . This guide body 46 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, a pair of side plates 47, 48 and a front plate 49 form a substantially U-shaped cross section with an open rear surface.
Notches 50a and 50b are formed in the lower portions of these side plates 47 and 48, respectively.

Furthermore, a groove opener 51 is fixed to the front side of the front plate 49 of the guide body 46. The rear surface of this groove opener 51 has a wedge shape whose width becomes narrower as it goes downward, and the width of the lower part is the same as that of the encasing portion 2 of the support seedling 3.
is narrower than the width of the In addition, this groove opener 5
1 is a coulter 15 located forward from the rear surface
It has a pointed shape towards.

Next, the operation will be explained.

When a tractor is connected to the tractor connection part 12 at the front of the machine frame 11 via a three-point link mechanism and pulled, a narrow groove is formed in the field by the coulter 15, and the groove opener 51 passes through it to remove the plants. A groove 61 is formed. The cross-sectional shape of this planting groove 61 is
As shown in the figure, the shape is the same as that of the rear surface of the groove opener 51.

At the same time, the suppressing wheel 13 moves forward while rotating, and the rotation of the suppressing wheel 13 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 32 to rotate each regulating plate 33 and rotate the conveyor belt 24 of the seedling conveyor 21.

The paper tube-aligned seedlings 1 placed on the seedling conveyor 21 are sent forward at a constant speed, but the regulation plate 33 is pressed against the wrapping part 2 of the paper tube seedlings 3 in the front row, and these paper tubes The position of the tube seedling 3 is regulated.
Then, when the paper tube seedling 3 approaches the rotating shaft 32 to a predetermined position, the separating body 34 provided on the regulating plate 33 separates the paper tube seedling 3 from the paper tube aligned seedlings 1, and the seedling planting mechanism 41 into the drop tube 42 of. In this way, the paper tube seedlings 3 are successively separated from one end of the front row of the paper tube-aligned seedlings 1.

In addition, when adopting a structure in which a plurality of planting grooves 61 are formed at the same time, the arrangement of the regulating plate 33 and the separator 34 is changed, and the separation into the drop pipes 42 provided corresponding to the planting grooves 61 is performed. What is necessary is just to let the paper tube seedling 3 fall.

The paper tube seedlings 3 introduced into the drop tube 42 from the entrance 43 are controlled in position by the drop tube 42 whose width becomes narrower as it goes downward.
It is discharged from the discharge port 44 of this drop tube 42. Further, the paper tube seedlings 3 discharged from the discharge port 44 are guided to the planting groove 61 while being regulated by the side plates 47 and 48 of the guide body 46, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. In this way, while falling down the drop tube 42 and guide body 46 of the seedling planting mechanism 41, the paper tube seedlings 3
is accelerated to a sufficient speed.

The cross-sectional shape of the planting groove 61 has a wedge shape that becomes narrower as it goes downward, and the lower part is narrower than the thickness of the soil wrapping part 2 of the paper tube seedling 3, so that it is guided into the planting groove 61. Wrapping part 2 of cut paper tube seedling 3
As shown in FIG. 4, both sides 6 of the planting groove 61
It collides with the lower part of 1a and 61b. In addition, since the paper tube seedling 3 is sufficiently accelerated while falling as described above, upon collision, it receives a sufficiently large force in the downward direction, that is, in the direction of being pushed into the planting groove 61. Therefore, due to this force, as shown in FIG. 5, the encasing part 2 of the paper tube seedling 3 digs into the lower part of the planting groove 61, which is narrower than the thickness of the encasing part 2, so that the paper The tubular seedlings 3 are kept in a stable position with the soil wrapping part 2 facing downward in the planting groove 61.

In this way, paper tube seedlings 3 are placed one after another in the planting groove 61.
As the seedlings are placed and lined up, the pressing wheel 13 runs beside the planting groove 61 to break up the soil that has piled up horizontally, and covers and crushes the paper tube seedlings 3 placed and lined up in the planting groove 61 with soil.

At this time, as mentioned above, the wrapping part 2 of the paper tube seedling 3
The lower part of the planting groove 61 is cut into the narrow lower part of the planting groove 61, so each surface 61a, 61b,
Due to the friction between the seedling 61c and the soil encasing part 2, the paper tube seedling 3 will not fall down in the front and back direction even if it receives the flow of the soil. Therefore, the paper tube seedlings 3 will not be buried in the bottom of the planting groove 61.

In the above embodiment, the paper etc. of the paper tube seedling 3 was made into a hexagonal shape, but the paper tube may be made into a square shape. We also use wrapped seedlings with hardened soil using a mixer or soil hardening agent, or wrapped seedlings that are grown in a seedling pot of a certain shape and securely hold the wrapped soil with their vigorously developed roots. It's okay.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the encasing portion 2 of the planting groove 61
As a force to push the wrapping part 2 into the narrower part,
Although the impact force between the naturally falling paper tube seedlings 3 and the planting groove 61 was used, it is also possible to mechanically accelerate the wrapped seedlings and use the impact force between the seedlings and the planting groove. Alternatively, a mechanism for directly pushing the soil into the planting groove may be used.

In addition to the suppression wheel 13, a separate prime mover may be used as the drive source.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a seedling is wrapped in a planting groove in which the width of at least a part of the cross section is narrower than the width of the wrapping soil, and a force is applied to the wrapping part in the direction of pushing the seedling into the planting groove. Because of this, a strong frictional force acts between the planting trench and the encasing section, which reliably prevents the encased seedlings from tipping back and forth when feeding the soil into the planting trench, and also prevents the encased seedlings from falling back and forth when being supplied to the planting trench. Encased seedlings will not fall over due to flowing water, ensuring reliable planting.

For this reason, in particular, conventionally, seedlings with wrapped soil that have been guided into the planting trench may fall back and forth due to the impact of falling or the flow of covering soil.
The reliability of a drop-type transplanting device, which has been unreliable because it sometimes gets buried in the bottom of a planting trench, can be significantly improved, and a compact, high-performance transplanting device with an extremely simple mechanism can be provided.

We also introduced transplant multiplication to crops that had traditionally been directly sown, resulting in dramatic improvements in agricultural management.
In addition, the results of transplantation can be fully demonstrated even in crops that have been transplanted in the past.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of the transplanting device of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are a cross-sectional view and a vertical cross-sectional view, respectively, of the seedling planting mechanism shown in FIG. Figures 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views of the seedling planting mechanism and the planting groove. This shows a state in which the grooves have penetrated into a narrower part than the encasing part, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of seedlings arranged in paper tubes made of encased seedlings, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view thereof. 2... Soil wrapping part, 3... Seedling wrapping, 41... Seedling planting mechanism, 51... Furrow opener, 61... Planting groove.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A transplanting device for transplanting wrapped seedlings having a certain shape of wrapped soil, comprising: an opening forming a planting groove in which at least a part of the width of the cross section is slightly narrower than the width of the wrapped soil; and a seedling planting device that supplies the seedlings with soil to the planting groove formed by the trench opening device while applying a constant force in the direction of pushing the seedlings into the planting groove. A transplantation device characterized by having an attaching mechanism and the following.