JPH0520510B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0520510B2 JPH0520510B2 JP28028088A JP28028088A JPH0520510B2 JP H0520510 B2 JPH0520510 B2 JP H0520510B2 JP 28028088 A JP28028088 A JP 28028088A JP 28028088 A JP28028088 A JP 28028088A JP H0520510 B2 JPH0520510 B2 JP H0520510B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- workpiece
- pores
- frequency induction
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、ロール、板、管等の内面、外面又は
内外両面に、常法により、異種金属層又は樹脂層
の皮膜を形成した後、該皮膜を更に清浄で高硬度
且つ高品質の皮膜に形成する方法に関するもので
ある。
〔従来の技術〕
従来、腐食や摩耗の雰囲気に曝されるロール、
板、管等に耐腐食性や耐摩耗性に優れた金属や樹
脂の層を皮膜として形成し、使用に供することが
行われている。
一般に、ロール、板、管等の内面、外面又は内
外両面に異種金属や樹脂の層から成る皮膜を形成
する場合、従来から溶射や溶接等によりそれらの
層を形成している。
その代表的なものの一つとしては、溶射法が挙
げられ、また、溶射材料としては、NiやCoに適
量のＢ，Si，Cr等を含ませた自溶合金と呼ばれ
るものが多く用いられている。
而して、上記の溶射法は、被加工物の表面に任
意の手段により溶射皮膜を形成し、この状態を維
持したまま任意の加熱源で被加工物を950〜1050
℃まで昇温し、前記溶射皮膜を再溶融させて、被
加工物と一体化させる方法であり、一般的にはこ
の処理により皮膜内の気孔は消滅し、種々の化合
物の生成により、耐食性、耐摩耗性に富んだ皮膜
が形成されるとされてきた。
〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕
上記溶射法では、実際には、溶射により形成さ
れた溶射皮膜には連続的な気孔が形成されてお
り、再溶融後には或る程度は消滅しているもの
の、独立気孔として皮膜内に多く残されているの
が実状である。
また、被加工物を大気中で前記温度に昇温すれ
ば、酸化物や該酸化物に起因したガスが発生し、
新たに皮膜内に介在物や気孔が生成すると同時
に、Cr，Ｂ，Si，Cr等の皮膜硬度を高めるべき
元素が酸化物となるため、その硬度が減少し、適
切な硬度を得られなくなるという欠点が生じてい
た。
このようなことは、用途によつてはさほど問題
にならないことがあつたり、或いは従来方法では
どのような手段を用いても、上記のような状態を
回避することが出来ないところから、やむなく用
途を限定して用いていることもあつた。
しかし、最近では、次第に皮膜の表面粗度や耐
食性、耐摩耗性についての要求が厳しくなつてき
たので、この要求に対応するためには、従来方法
を改善しなければならないようになつた。
従つて、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、前
記被加工物の表面に清浄且つ表面粗度が良好で層
内に気孔が存在せず、耐食性、耐摩耗性に優れた
皮膜を形成する方法を提供することである。
〔課題を解決するための手段〕
本発明は上記の課題を解決することを目的とし
てなされたもので、その構成は、ロール、板、管
等の被加工物の表面に溶射法、肉盛法、貼付法等
により自溶合金皮膜又は樹脂皮膜を形成した後、
100Torr以下に減圧した雰囲気中に前記被加工物
を置き、前記皮膜を高周波誘導加熱により再溶融
し、加熱及び高周波誘導加熱のピンチ効果による
表面溶融皮膜部の微細な撹拌現象によつて、前記
皮膜形成時に該皮膜の層内に生成された気孔及び
前記皮膜が再溶融する際に新たに生成する気孔を
外部へ放出すると共に、酸化物の生成を阻止する
ことを特徴とするものである。
〔発明の作用〕
本発明の皮膜形成法は、自溶合金粉末等を任意
の方法で被加工物の表面に付着させて溶射皮膜を
形成した後、従来方法では大気中において行われ
る再溶融処理を、加熱に高周波誘導加熱を採用す
ると共に雰囲気を100Torr以下の減圧雰囲気状態
とすることにより、前記皮膜が自溶合金である場
合は、高周波誘導加熱により、皮膜の金属が溶融
し、続いて磁場発生によるピンチ効果でミクロ的
に電磁撹拌が起こつて、溶融金属内に存在する気
孔の押出しが行われ、更に減圧効果によつて皮膜
層内の気孔は完全に脱泡されるばかりでなく、同
時に減圧状態下における無酸化効果と低い熱放散
効果によつて、皮膜内の気孔や介在物の除去及び
表面割れの防止を図ることが出来る。更に、皮膜
材料の自溶合金は、NiやCoに適宜量のＢ，Si，
Cr等を添加したものであるため、これらのＢや
Siが、B2O3やSiO2等の酸化物となつて皮膜内外
に生成されることを阻止することにより、清浄な
皮膜が形成される。このことは逆に、Ni3Ｂや
Ni3Si，CrB等の生成率を高くし、同一材料を用
いた場合でも、より高い硬度を持つ皮膜が形成さ
れることとなる。
一方、皮膜が合成樹脂である場合は、硬度の向
上は問題とならないが、減圧下の再溶融により、
清浄度が高く、ピンホールの皆無な良質の皮膜を
形成することができる。
〔実施例〕
次に本発明の実施例を、使用する装置の図によ
り説明する。
第１図は被加工物を移動させて再溶融処理する
装置の例を示すもので、図において、１は既に自
溶粉末合金を溶射されて皮膜が形成された被加工
物、２は減圧チヤンバー、３は被加工物移動台
車、４は高周波誘導加熱コイル、５は真空ポンプ
である。
而して、本発明方法を実施する場合は、自溶合
金粉末を溶射された被加工物１を、減圧チヤンバ
ー２内に配置された移動台車３上にセツトした
後、減圧チヤンバー２内を真空ポンプ５により排
気して100Torr以下に減圧し、そのままの状態で
前記加熱コイル４により加熱を開始すると共に、
移動台車３を移動させ、連続的に再溶融処理を行
うのであるが、こうすることにより、前述したよ
うに、被加工物１の表面に形成されていた自溶合
金の皮膜は溶融して被加工物と一体になると共に
皮膜層内の気孔は完全に脱泡され、同時に、皮膜
層内に介在する介在物は除去され、介在物に起因
する表面割れをも防止できる。
また、減圧下での処理により、NiやCoに適宜
量添加されているＢやSiがB2O3やSiO3等の酸化
物となつて皮膜内外に生成されるのを阻止される
ので、再溶融処理後の皮膜は極めて清浄なものと
なる。このことは逆に、皮膜硬度を高めるNi3Ｂ
やNi3Si，CrB等の生成率を高くし、同一材料を
用いた場合、より高い硬度を持つ皮膜が形成され
ることとなるのである。
第２図に示す装置は、被加工物１を固定し、加
熱コイル４を移動台車３に取付けて、該移動台車
３を移動させながら、加熱コイル４により被加工
物１を加熱して再溶融処理する装置で、第１図装
置同一の効果を得られるものであり、図中、６は
加熱コイル４のケーブル、７はその巻取ドラムで
ある。
なお、本発明方法においては、加熱コイル４を
減圧チヤンバー２の外に設け、減圧チヤンバー２
ごと被加工物１を加熱するようにしても良い。
また、皮膜の材料として合成樹脂を用いた場合
は、適当な温度による再溶融処理を減圧下で行え
ば、清浄度の優れた皮膜が形成される。
而して、本発明方法の効果を確認するため、
試験材 直径60mm、長さ350mm SS材
皮 膜 MSF Ni4（ニツケル系自溶合金）
を用い、上記自溶合金をガス粉末式溶射法で試験
材に溶射して皮膜を形成した後、圧力を変化させ
て再溶融処理を行つた結果を表１に示す。
[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention involves forming a film of a different metal layer or a resin layer on the inner surface, outer surface, or both the inner and outer surfaces of a roll, plate, pipe, etc. by a conventional method, and then further cleaning and high quality of the film. The present invention relates to a method for forming a hard and high quality film. [Prior art] Conventionally, rolls that are exposed to corrosive and abrasive atmospheres,
BACKGROUND ART A metal or resin layer with excellent corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance is formed as a film on plates, pipes, etc., and then used. Generally, when forming a film consisting of layers of different metals or resins on the inner or outer surface or both the inner and outer surfaces of a roll, plate, pipe, etc., these layers are conventionally formed by thermal spraying, welding, or the like. Thermal spraying is one of the most representative methods, and self-fluxing alloys, which are Ni and Co containing appropriate amounts of B, Si, Cr, etc., are often used as thermal spraying materials. There is. In the above thermal spraying method, a thermal spray coating is formed on the surface of the workpiece by any means, and while maintaining this state, the workpiece is heated to a temperature of 950 to 1050°C using any heating source.
This is a method in which the temperature is raised to ℃ to remelt the sprayed coating and integrate it with the workpiece.Generally, this treatment eliminates the pores in the coating, and the formation of various compounds improves corrosion resistance, It has been said that a film with high wear resistance is formed. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the above thermal spraying method, continuous pores are actually formed in the sprayed coating formed by thermal spraying, and although they disappear to some extent after remelting. The reality is that many pores remain in the film as independent pores. Furthermore, if the workpiece is heated to the above temperature in the atmosphere, oxides and gases caused by the oxides are generated.
At the same time as new inclusions and pores are generated within the film, elements that should increase the hardness of the film, such as Cr, B, Si, and Cr, become oxides, decreasing their hardness and making it impossible to obtain the appropriate hardness. There were deficiencies. Depending on the application, this may not be much of a problem, or it may be unavoidable in some applications because the above-mentioned situation cannot be avoided no matter what means are used with conventional methods. Sometimes it was used in a limited manner. However, in recent years, the requirements for surface roughness, corrosion resistance, and abrasion resistance of coatings have become increasingly strict, and in order to meet these requirements, it has become necessary to improve conventional methods. Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for forming a film on the surface of the workpiece that is clean, has good surface roughness, has no pores in the layer, and has excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The goal is to provide the following. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems, and its structure is such that the surface of workpieces such as rolls, plates, pipes, etc. can be coated by thermal spraying or overlaying. , after forming a self-fusing alloy film or resin film by pasting method etc.
The workpiece is placed in an atmosphere with a reduced pressure of 100 Torr or less, the film is remelted by high-frequency induction heating, and the film is melted by fine stirring of the surface melted film due to the pinch effect of heating and high-frequency induction heating. It is characterized by releasing pores generated within the layer of the film during formation and pores newly generated when the film is remelted to the outside, and at the same time preventing the formation of oxides. [Operation of the Invention] The film forming method of the present invention involves applying a self-fluxing alloy powder or the like to the surface of a workpiece by any method to form a thermally sprayed film, and then remelting, which is performed in the atmosphere in conventional methods. By adopting high-frequency induction heating for heating and creating a reduced pressure atmosphere of 100 Torr or less, if the film is a self-fusing alloy, the metal of the film is melted by high-frequency induction heating, and then the magnetic field is applied. The pinch effect caused by the generation causes microscopic electromagnetic stirring, extruding the pores existing in the molten metal, and furthermore, the pores in the coating layer are not only completely degassed by the reduced pressure effect, but also Due to the non-oxidation effect and low heat dissipation effect under reduced pressure, it is possible to remove pores and inclusions in the film and prevent surface cracks. Furthermore, the self-fluxing alloy of the coating material contains appropriate amounts of B, Si, and Ni and Co.
Since it contains Cr, etc., these B and
A clean film is formed by preventing Si from forming oxides such as B 2 O 3 and SiO 2 inside and outside the film. This is conversely true for Ni 3 B and
Even if the same materials are used by increasing the production rate of Ni 3 Si, CrB, etc., a film with higher hardness will be formed. On the other hand, if the film is made of synthetic resin, improving hardness is not a problem, but remelting under reduced pressure
A high-quality film with high cleanliness and no pinholes can be formed. [Example] Next, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to diagrams of the apparatus used. Figure 1 shows an example of an apparatus for moving and remelting a workpiece. In the figure, 1 is a workpiece that has already been thermally sprayed with a self-fusing powder alloy to form a coating, and 2 is a vacuum chamber. , 3 is a workpiece moving cart, 4 is a high-frequency induction heating coil, and 5 is a vacuum pump. When carrying out the method of the present invention, the workpiece 1 onto which the self-fluxing alloy powder has been sprayed is set on the movable cart 3 placed in the vacuum chamber 2, and then the vacuum chamber 2 is evacuated. The pump 5 is evacuated to reduce the pressure to 100 Torr or less, and heating is started by the heating coil 4 in that state.
The movable cart 3 is moved to continuously perform the remelting process, and as mentioned above, the self-fluxing alloy film formed on the surface of the workpiece 1 is melted and removed. As it becomes integrated with the workpiece, the pores in the coating layer are completely degassed, and at the same time, inclusions present in the coating layer are removed, and surface cracking caused by the inclusions can be prevented. In addition, the treatment under reduced pressure prevents B and Si added to Ni and Co in appropriate amounts from forming oxides such as B 2 O 3 and SiO 3 inside and outside the film. The film after remelting becomes extremely clean. On the contrary, this means that Ni 3 B increases the film hardness.
If the same materials are used by increasing the production rate of Ni 3 Si, CrB, etc., a film with higher hardness will be formed. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, a workpiece 1 is fixed, a heating coil 4 is attached to a movable trolley 3, and while the movable trolley 3 is moved, the workpiece 1 is heated by the heating coil 4 and remelted. This is a processing device that can obtain the same effect as the device shown in FIG. 1, and in the figure, 6 is the cable of the heating coil 4, and 7 is its winding drum. In addition, in the method of the present invention, the heating coil 4 is provided outside the vacuum chamber 2, and the heating coil 4 is provided outside the vacuum chamber 2.
The workpiece 1 may also be heated. Furthermore, when a synthetic resin is used as the coating material, a coating with excellent cleanliness can be formed by performing remelting treatment at an appropriate temperature and under reduced pressure. Therefore, in order to confirm the effectiveness of the method of the present invention, the above self-fluxing alloy was tested by gas powder spraying using a test material of SS material coated with a diameter of 60 mm and a length of 350 mm. MSF Ni4 (nickel-based self-fluxing alloy) was used. Table 1 shows the results of a remelting process performed by varying the pressure after a film was formed on the material by thermal spraying.
本発明は上述の通りであつて、本発明によれ
ば、硬度が高く且つ清浄、良質な皮膜が得られる
ので、耐食性や耐摩耗性の要求されるロール、
板、管等の表面に金属や樹脂等の皮膜を形成する
方法として好適であり、また、再溶融処理を減圧
下で行うため、被加工物の溶射皮膜以外の部分の
酸化が抑制されて、後加工を簡略化出来るばかり
でなく、皮膜の割れを防止出来るし、更に、熱放
散が著しく低いために、加熱後のチヤンバー内の
温度保持やそのための保温材が不要となり、経済
性、作業性の上においても極めて優れた効果があ
る。
The present invention is as described above, and according to the present invention, a high-hardness, clean, and high-quality coating can be obtained, so that rolls that require corrosion resistance and wear resistance,
It is suitable as a method for forming a film of metal, resin, etc. on the surface of plates, pipes, etc. Also, since the remelting process is performed under reduced pressure, oxidation of parts of the workpiece other than the thermally sprayed film is suppressed. It not only simplifies post-processing, but also prevents cracking of the film.Furthermore, because heat dissipation is extremely low, there is no need to maintain the temperature inside the chamber after heating or use insulation materials for that purpose, making it economical and workable. It has an extremely good effect even on.
第１図及び第２図は本発明を実施するための装
置を例示する図、第３図は本発明により得られた
皮膜の硬度分布を従来のそれと比較した図表、第
４図は従来方法と本発明方法により形成された金
属皮膜の組織を示す顕微鏡写真で、ａは再溶融処
理を760Torrで行う従来方法により形成された皮
膜の写真、ｂ乃至ｆは本発明方法により形成され
た皮膜であり、再溶融処理時の圧力は、ｂが
100Torr、ｃが10Torr、ｄが1Torr、ｅが10-1
Torr、ｆが10-2で、ｃ及びｄにおいては、気孔
及び介在物を丸で囲んである。
１……被加工物、２……減圧チヤンバー、３…
…移動台車、４……高周波誘導加熱コイル、５…
…真空ポンプ、６……ケーブル、７……ケーブル
の巻取ドラム。
Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams illustrating an apparatus for implementing the present invention, Figure 3 is a chart comparing the hardness distribution of the film obtained by the present invention with that of the conventional method, and Figure 4 is a diagram comparing the hardness distribution of the film obtained by the present invention with that of the conventional method. Micrographs showing the structure of the metal coating formed by the method of the present invention, a is a photo of the coating formed by the conventional method in which remelting treatment is performed at 760 Torr, and b to f are the coatings formed by the method of the present invention. , the pressure during the remelting process is b
100Torr, c is 10Torr, d is 1Torr, e is 10 -1
Torr, f is 10 −2 and pores and inclusions are circled in c and d. 1... Workpiece, 2... Decompression chamber, 3...
...Moving trolley, 4...High frequency induction heating coil, 5...
...Vacuum pump, 6...Cable, 7...Cable winding drum.
Claims (1)
法、肉盛法、貼付法等により自溶合金皮膜又は樹
脂皮膜を形成した後、100Torr以下に減圧した雰
囲気中に前記被加工物を置き、前記皮膜を高周波
誘導加熱により再溶融し、加熱及び高周波誘導加
熱のピンチ効果による表面溶融皮膜部の微細な撹
拌現象によつて、前記皮膜形成時に該皮膜の層内
に生成された気孔及び前記皮膜が再溶融する際に
新たに生成する気孔を外部へ放出すると共に、酸
化物の生成を阻止することを特徴とする皮膜形成
法。1. After forming a self-fusing alloy film or resin film on the surface of a workpiece such as a roll, plate, or pipe by thermal spraying, overlaying, pasting, etc., the workpiece is placed in an atmosphere with a reduced pressure of 100 Torr or less. Then, the film is remelted by high-frequency induction heating, and the pores and pores generated in the film layer during the film formation are removed by fine stirring of the surface melted film due to the pinch effect of the heating and high-frequency induction heating. A film forming method characterized by releasing newly generated pores to the outside when the film is remelted, and preventing the formation of oxides.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28028088A JPH02129383A (en) | 1988-11-08 | 1988-11-08 | Formation of film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28028088A JPH02129383A (en) | 1988-11-08 | 1988-11-08 | Formation of film |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02129383A JPH02129383A (en) | 1990-05-17 |
| JPH0520510B2 true JPH0520510B2 (en) | 1993-03-19 |
Family
ID=17622786
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28028088A Granted JPH02129383A (en) | 1988-11-08 | 1988-11-08 | Formation of film |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02129383A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2535677B2 (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1996-09-18 | 信越ポリマー株式会社 | Manufacturing method of elastomer inter-connector with support |
| JP2784371B2 (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1998-08-06 | 信越ポリマー株式会社 | Manufacturing method of interconnector with eccentric type support |
| KR100456918B1 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2004-11-10 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | apparatus for remelting the flame sprayed coatings of self-fusing alloy |
| CN115011909B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2024-02-27 | 南京林业大学 | Large-tillage-depth rotary blade surface spraying remelting integrated processing method |
| CN115044857B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2024-03-01 | 南京林业大学 | An integrated processing device for surface spraying and remelting of rotary blades for deep plowing |
-
1988
- 1988-11-08 JP JP28028088A patent/JPH02129383A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02129383A (en) | 1990-05-17 |
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