JPH0524094B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0524094B2 JPH0524094B2 JP5968085A JP5968085A JPH0524094B2 JP H0524094 B2 JPH0524094 B2 JP H0524094B2 JP 5968085 A JP5968085 A JP 5968085A JP 5968085 A JP5968085 A JP 5968085A JP H0524094 B2 JPH0524094 B2 JP H0524094B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- container
- mercury
- air
- fragments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
- B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
- B03B9/062—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial the refuse being glass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/60—Glass recycling
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、水銀その他の有害物質が封入されて
いる螢光灯の破砕後の破片を集めて収容し、該破
片から水銀、ガラス、口金等の各種物質を分離回
収して再資源化する装置に関し、特にクローズド
システムを実現した再資源化技術に係るものであ
る。
従来の技術
螢光灯、体温計、水銀ランプ等のガラス器具に
は微量の水銀が封入されており、破損した場合に
発生する水銀蒸気を人が吸込むと健康に障害を及
ぼすことはよく知られている。本発明者はこの問
題点に着目し、使い古したこれらのガラス器具を
安全に処理する方法及び装置として、先に特開昭
59−46145号公報「水銀等有害物質を含むガラス
器具の処理方法と装置」、特開昭59−96630号公報
「廃螢光管の処理方法及び処理装置」、特開昭59−
154146号公報「廃螢光灯の中折れ式破砕処理方法
とその装置」、特開昭59−177146号公報「二重扉
式廃螢光灯破砕処理装置」等を提案した。これら
の発明においては、活性炭やキレート樹脂等を含
む吸着装置によつて水銀を吸着し、破砕後のガラ
ス片や金属片には工場に運んで再資源化（リサイ
クル）を図ることについて述べた。しかしなが
ら、実際には破砕後のガラス片や金属片にも水銀
が付着しているから、先ずこれらの水銀を有効に
分離し、その後ガラス片や金属片を分離回収して
再資源化する技術が要求されるようになつてき
た。
発明が解決しようとする問題点
本発明は前述した従来の技術をさらに発展させ
たものであつて、その目的は、破砕後の廃螢光灯
の破片から水銀、ガラス、口金等の各種物質を分
離回収して資源のリサイクルを図ることにある。
本発明の他の目的は、有害な水銀蒸気を含んだ
空気を処理系統から排出せずに処理を行なういわ
ゆるクローズドシステムを実現した処理システム
を提供することにある。
問題点を解決するための手段とその作用
本発明の前述した目的は、破砕後の廃螢光灯の
破片を収容し、該破片から各種物質を分離回収し
再資源化する装置であつて、廃螢光灯の破片受入
容器と、該容器に備えられた攪拌手段と、前記容
器中に高温空気を送り込むための空気加熱手段及
び送風手段と、前記容器から送り出される高温空
気を冷却するための冷却器と、ダストを捕集する
ための集塵機とが配管を介して接続され一つの回
路を形成しており、さらに該回路内には容積可変
のガスホルダーが備えられて回路内での空気の膨
張収縮を吸収し、前記回路をクローズドシステム
に保つようになつている閉鎖回路型廃螢光灯処理
再資源化装置によつて達成される。
かかる構成に基づき、容器内に収容された廃螢
光灯の破片は攪乱されて水銀が蒸発し、水銀はそ
の温度における飽和蒸気圧に対応する濃度で容器
中に充満する。表１として水銀の蒸気圧・濃度一
覧を掲げる。
Industrial Application Field The present invention collects and stores the crushed fragments of fluorescent lamps containing mercury and other harmful substances, and separates and recovers various substances such as mercury, glass, and caps from the fragments. The present invention relates to equipment for recycling resources, and in particular to recycling technology that realizes a closed system. Conventional Technology Glass appliances such as fluorescent lamps, thermometers, and mercury lamps contain small amounts of mercury, and it is well known that if a person inhales the mercury vapor released when they break, it can cause health problems. There is. The inventor of the present invention focused on this problem and developed a method and device for safely disposing of these worn-out glassware.
No. 59-46145 "Method and device for processing glassware containing harmful substances such as mercury", JP-A-59-96630 "Method and device for processing waste fluorescent tubes", JP-A-59-96630
Publication No. 154146, ``Method and device for crushing waste fluorescent lamps,'' and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 177146, 1982, ``Double-door type waste fluorescent lamp crushing device,'' etc. were proposed. In these inventions, mercury is adsorbed using an adsorption device containing activated carbon, chelate resin, etc., and the crushed glass and metal pieces are transported to a factory for recycling. However, in reality, mercury is also attached to glass and metal pieces after they are shredded, so there is no technology that can first effectively separate the mercury and then separate and collect the glass and metal pieces for recycling. It has become required. Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention is a further development of the conventional technology described above, and its purpose is to remove various substances such as mercury, glass, and caps from fragments of waste fluorescent lamps after crushing. The goal is to separate and collect resources and recycle them. Another object of the present invention is to provide a processing system that implements a so-called closed system in which processing is performed without discharging air containing harmful mercury vapor from the processing system. Means for Solving the Problems and Their Effects The above-mentioned object of the present invention is an apparatus for storing the fragments of a waste fluorescent lamp after crushing, separating and recovering various substances from the fragments, and recycling them. A container for receiving fragments of waste fluorescent lamps, a stirring means provided in the container, an air heating means and a blowing means for sending high temperature air into the container, and a means for cooling the high temperature air sent out from the container. A cooler and a dust collector for collecting dust are connected via piping to form one circuit, and a gas holder with variable volume is provided in the circuit to control the air flow in the circuit. This is achieved by a closed circuit waste fluorescent lamp processing and recycling device adapted to absorb expansion and contraction and keep the circuit a closed system. Based on such a configuration, the fragments of the waste fluorescent lamp contained in the container are agitated to evaporate the mercury, and the mercury fills the container at a concentration corresponding to the saturated vapor pressure at that temperature. Table 1 lists the vapor pressure and concentration of mercury.
【表】【table】
【表】
表１の最も右の欄は、空気中にそれ以上気化で
きない水銀の量を表わしている。例えば、ドラム
缶中に螢光粉が大量に入つていてドラム缶の温度
が20℃であるとすると、ドラム缶内の空気には
14.11mg／M3の濃度の水銀蒸気（気化水銀）が
含まれていることになる。
本発明の再資源化装置では、容器中に高温の空
気を送り込んで大量の水銀蒸発を発生させ、高温
空気を冷却器へと通過させることにより水銀を凝
縮させて回収する。この処理回路中に球形又は円
筒形のガスホルダーを設けることによつて回路内
での空気の膨張収縮を吸収する。これにより、排
気ガスはプラント内を循環するだけで回路の外に
排出する必要がなくなるから、クローズドシステ
ムが確立されることになる。従来の方法では、水
銀が付着した吸着剤が副産物として外部へ排出さ
れることによる二次公害のおそれがあつたが、本
発明によれば吸着剤が不要となり二次公害が完全
に防止できる。さらに吸着剤のコストが削減され
る結果、再資源化に要するコストが大幅に低下す
ることになる。
廃螢光灯の破片受入容器と攪拌手段とは、本発
明用に特別に設計されたものに限定されることは
なく、例えばロータリーキルンや多段式キルンの
ような熱風炉を利用して同様の曝気処理を行なう
ことが出来る。
空気加熱手段は、電熱ヒータ、重油ボイラ等の
他、太陽熱コレクタとヒートパイプを組合せた安
価な熱源を利用し、コストダウンを図ることが出
来る。
冷却器は水道水を利用した熱交換器の他、各種
の冷凍機を利用してもよい。集塵機は、フイルタ
を用いない電気集塵装置が望ましい。
本発明の他の特徴及び利点は、添付図面の実施
例を参照した以下の記載により明らかとなろう。
実施例
第１図は本発明の好適な実施例による廃螢光灯
処理再資源化装置の回路図であり、受入容器１０
の蓋を外して内部に１回あたり６〜７Kgの螢光灯
の破片を投入する。容器１０には、モータ、ベル
ト、垂直軸及び回転円板から成る攪拌装置１２が
設けられており、水銀の気化を促進させる働きを
する。容器１０内には、電熱ヒータ１４によつて
加熱された約450℃の高温空気が送風機（フアン）
１６によつて送り込まれている。一例として電熱
ヒータの出力は15kW、フアン出力は0.5kW、送
風量は1Nm3／min程度が好ましい。容器から送
り出された高温空気は、最初に小形の遠心分離機
（サイクロン）であるプレダスター１８を通過し、
螢光物質やガラス、金属片その他のダストが底部
に沈降して除去される。これらのダストには水銀
はほとんど含有されていない。プレダスター１８
から出た空気は、水冷式の冷却器２０，２２内を
通過させられて冷却され、飽和蒸気圧の差に基づ
いて水銀が凝縮し捕集される。第２段目の冷却器
２２では、冷水器２４を利用して水を循環させな
がら熱交換サイクルを行なう。水銀が除去された
後に残るダストは次工程の集塵機２６によつて捕
捉され除去される。
本発明による再資源化装置では、前述した回路
中にさらにガスホルダー２８が挿入されている。
このガスホルダー２８は、例えば送風機１６とヒ
ータ１４との間に直列又は並列に挿入されて、回
路内での空気の膨張収縮を吸収する働きをする。
従つて、従来のようにフイルターを通して排気ガ
スを回路の外に排出する必要がなくなり、クロー
ズドシステムが実現されることになる。なお、配
管の途中に各種の調節弁や温度センサ、圧力セン
サ、水銀濃度検出器等を取付けて、システムの自
動制御を行なうことが望ましい。
第２図乃至第５図は、第１図を基にして本発明
をさらに具体化した装置を表わしており、第１図
と同じ構成要素には同一の符号が付してある。プ
レダスター１８の底部にはダスト集積容器１９が
取付けてある。符号３０は装置を運転するための
操作盤を表わしている。各構成要素の機能につい
ては前述した通りである。
本発明による再資源化装置は、螢光灯以外の体
温計や水銀ランプ等の破片を受入れることも出来
る。本発明は単一プラントとして構成することも
出来るし、本発明者が先に提案した各種の破砕処
理装置と連結し、一貫した再資源化プラントとし
て構成することも出来る。
発明の効果
以上詳細に説明した如く、本発明によれば、廃
螢光灯の破片から水銀、ガラス片、金属片等の各
種物質を分離回収して資源のリサイクルを図るこ
とが可能になる。また、有害な水銀蒸気を含んだ
空気を処理系統から排出せずに処理を行なうクロ
ーズドシステムが実現され、二次公害が完全に防
止できる。さらに、再資源化のコストが低下する
等、その作用効果には極めて顕著なものがある。[Table] The rightmost column of Table 1 shows the amount of mercury that cannot be vaporized further into the air. For example, if there is a large amount of fluorescent powder in a drum and the temperature of the drum is 20℃, the air inside the drum will
This means that it contains mercury vapor (vaporized mercury) at a concentration of 14.11mg/ M3 . In the recycling apparatus of the present invention, high-temperature air is sent into a container to generate a large amount of mercury evaporation, and the high-temperature air is passed through a cooler to condense and recover the mercury. By providing a spherical or cylindrical gas holder in this processing circuit, expansion and contraction of air within the circuit is absorbed. This establishes a closed system, since the exhaust gas only circulates within the plant and does not need to be discharged outside the circuit. In the conventional method, there was a risk of secondary pollution due to the mercury-adhered adsorbent being discharged outside as a by-product, but according to the present invention, the adsorbent is unnecessary and secondary pollution can be completely prevented. Furthermore, as a result of reducing the cost of the adsorbent, the cost required for recycling will be significantly reduced. The waste fluorescent lamp debris receiving container and agitation means are not limited to those specifically designed for the present invention, and may be similar to those using a hot air furnace such as a rotary kiln or a multi-stage kiln. can be processed. As the air heating means, an inexpensive heat source such as an electric heater, a heavy oil boiler, or a combination of a solar collector and a heat pipe can be used to reduce costs. The cooler may be a heat exchanger using tap water or various types of refrigerators. The dust collector is preferably an electrostatic precipitator that does not use a filter. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings. Embodiment FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a waste fluorescent lamp processing and recycling apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Remove the lid and pour 6 to 7 kg of fluorescent light fragments into the interior. The container 10 is equipped with a stirring device 12 consisting of a motor, a belt, a vertical shaft and a rotating disk, which serves to accelerate the vaporization of the mercury. Inside the container 10, high-temperature air of about 450°C heated by an electric heater 14 is supplied by a blower (fan).
It is sent by 16. As an example, it is preferable that the output of the electric heater is 15 kW, the fan output is 0.5 kW, and the air flow rate is about 1 Nm 3 /min. The high temperature air sent out from the container first passes through a pre-duster 18, which is a small centrifugal separator (cyclone).
Fluorescent substances, glass, metal chips, and other dust settle to the bottom and are removed. These dusts contain almost no mercury. preduster 18
The air discharged from the air is cooled by passing through water-cooled coolers 20 and 22, and mercury is condensed and collected based on the difference in saturated vapor pressure. In the second stage cooler 22, a heat exchange cycle is performed while circulating water using a water cooler 24. The dust remaining after the mercury is removed is captured and removed by the dust collector 26 in the next step. In the recycling apparatus according to the present invention, a gas holder 28 is further inserted into the above-described circuit.
This gas holder 28 is inserted, for example, in series or in parallel between the blower 16 and the heater 14, and functions to absorb expansion and contraction of air within the circuit.
Therefore, there is no need to discharge exhaust gas out of the circuit through a filter as in the past, and a closed system is realized. Note that it is desirable to automatically control the system by installing various control valves, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, mercury concentration detectors, etc. in the middle of the piping. 2 to 5 show an apparatus further embodying the present invention based on FIG. 1, and the same components as in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals. A dust collection container 19 is attached to the bottom of the pre-duster 18. Reference numeral 30 represents an operation panel for operating the device. The functions of each component are as described above. The recycling device according to the present invention can also accept fragments of thermometers, mercury lamps, etc. other than fluorescent lamps. The present invention can be configured as a single plant, or can be connected with various crushing processing devices previously proposed by the present inventor to configure an integrated recycling plant. Effects of the Invention As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to separate and recover various substances such as mercury, glass pieces, and metal pieces from the fragments of waste fluorescent lamps, thereby recycling resources. Furthermore, a closed system is realized in which processing is performed without exhausting air containing harmful mercury vapor from the processing system, completely preventing secondary pollution. Furthermore, its effects are extremely remarkable, such as lowering the cost of recycling.
第１図は本発明による廃螢光灯処理再資源化装
置の回路図、第２図はさらに具体化した装置の平
面図、第３図は第２図の線Ａ−Ａに沿う立面図、
第４図は第２図の線Ｂ−Ｂに沿う側面図、第５図
は第２図の矢印Ｃから見た操作盤の正面図であ
る。
１０……受入容器、１２……攪拌手段、１４…
…加熱手段、１６……送風手段、２０，２２……
冷却器、２６……集塵機、２８……ガスホルダ
ー。
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a waste fluorescent lamp processing and recycling device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of a more specific device, and Fig. 3 is an elevational view taken along line A-A in Fig. 2. ,
4 is a side view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a front view of the operation panel as seen from the arrow C in FIG. 2. 10... Receiving container, 12... Stirring means, 14...
... Heating means, 16 ... Air blowing means, 20, 22 ...
Cooler, 26... dust collector, 28... gas holder.
Claims (1)
ら各種物質を分離回収し再資源化する装置であつ
て、 廃螢光灯の破片受入容器と、該容器に備えられ
た攪拌手段と、前記容器中に高温空気を送り込む
ための空気加熱手段及び送風手段と、前記容器か
ら送り出される高温空気を冷却するための冷却器
と、ダストを捕集するための集塵機とが配管を介
して接続され一つの回路を形成しており、 さらに該回路内には容積可変のガスホルダーが
備えられて回路内での空気の膨張収縮を吸収し、
前記回路をクローズドシステムに保つようになつ
ていることを特徴とする閉鎖回路型廃螢光灯処理
再資源化装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A device for storing fragments of waste fluorescent lamps after crushing, separating and recovering various substances from the fragments, and recycling them, comprising: a container for receiving fragments of waste fluorescent lamps; and the container. an air heating means and a blowing means for sending high-temperature air into the container; a cooler for cooling the high-temperature air sent out from the container; and a dust collector for collecting dust. are connected via piping to form one circuit, and furthermore, a gas holder with variable volume is provided in the circuit to absorb expansion and contraction of air within the circuit,
A closed circuit type waste fluorescent lamp processing and recycling device, characterized in that the circuit is maintained as a closed system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60059680A JPS61219736A (en) | 1985-03-26 | 1985-03-26 | Resource-redeveloping device by treating waste fluorescent lamp in closed-circuit system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60059680A JPS61219736A (en) | 1985-03-26 | 1985-03-26 | Resource-redeveloping device by treating waste fluorescent lamp in closed-circuit system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61219736A JPS61219736A (en) | 1986-09-30 |
| JPH0524094B2 true JPH0524094B2 (en) | 1993-04-06 |
Family
ID=13120156
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60059680A Granted JPS61219736A (en) | 1985-03-26 | 1985-03-26 | Resource-redeveloping device by treating waste fluorescent lamp in closed-circuit system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61219736A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2113545A1 (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1993-02-04 | Timothy J. Perry | Improved crushed fluorescent tube particulate separation and recovery method and apparatus |
| WO1993001887A1 (en) * | 1991-07-18 | 1993-02-04 | Perry Timothy J | Advanced fracture blade and method of operation for fluorescent tube digester |
| DE4305506C2 (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1997-03-27 | Lvg Lampenverwertungsgesellsch | Process for removing the mercury which has penetrated into the glass of discharge lamps and for removing mercury and / or phosphors adhering externally to the glass and / or to the metal caps |
-
1985
- 1985-03-26 JP JP60059680A patent/JPS61219736A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61219736A (en) | 1986-09-30 |
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