JPH0524413B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] This invention relates to a solar heat collector that collects and stores solar heat.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, there has been a device of this type as shown in the block diagram of FIG. In the figure, 1 is a collector, 2 is a hot water tank located above the collector 1, 3 is a large number of heat pipes arranged in the collector 1 and the hot water tank 2, and 4 is an evaporation part of the entire length of the heat pipe that absorbs solar heat. , 5 is a condensing section which is also inserted into the hot water tank 2, is located above the evaporating section 4, and releases heat to the water 6. A condensable heat medium such as fluorocarbon is sealed inside the heat pipe 3.

Next, the operation will be explained. When solar heat hits the evaporation section 4 of the heat pipe 3, the heat medium inside the heat pipe 1 receives the heat and evaporates, flowing to the condensation section 5 at the other end. In the condensing section 5, when the steam is cooled by the surrounding water 6, it condenses and liquefies, and at the same time transfers heat to the water 6.
released into the Since the condensing section 5 is located above the evaporating section 4, the liquefied heat medium flows back from the condensing section 5 to the evaporating section 4 under the action of gravity.

Through the circulation of the heat medium accompanied by evaporation and condensation of the heat medium as described above, solar heat is absorbed into the water 6, and hot water is supplied.

Since the conventional heat pipe type solar collector is configured as described above, the hot water tank 2 needs to be located above the collector 1. Therefore, for example, since the hot water tank 2 is more convex than the collector 1, it is easily exposed to wind pressure and easily damaged. In addition, if there is no water 6 in the hot water tank 2, there is nothing to cool the heat pipe 3, and as the heat pipe 3 becomes high temperature, the heat medium inside becomes high pressure and there is a risk of explosion. Ta.

[Summary of the invention]

This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional ones as described above. an evaporator that receives a supply of a liquid heat medium from the liquid receiver, evaporates it using solar heat, converts it into a gaseous heat medium, and returns it to the receiver; an evaporator that receives a supply of a gaseous heat carrier from the receiver and exchanges heat with the heat storage material; A condenser that condenses into a liquid heat medium, an accumulator located above the liquid receiver that receives and stores the heat medium of the condenser, and a liquid heat medium that is transferred from the accumulator to the liquid receiver via a switch. The present invention proposes a solar heat collector that does not require positional control of the heat storage material container by being equipped with a liquid return means that returns the liquid by gravity. Furthermore, the present invention proposes a solar heat collector that is free from the risk of explosion by being further equipped with a means for blocking the supply of liquid heat medium to the evaporator in the event of an abnormality.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the configuration diagram of FIG. 2. In FIG. 2, 11 is an evaporator provided in the collector 1, 12 is a liquid receiver provided above the evaporator 11, 13 is an accumulator provided above the liquid receiver 12, and 14 is a hot water A condenser provided in the tank 2, 15A is a pipe connecting the lower part of the liquid receiver 2 and the bottom part 11 of the evaporator, 15B is a pipe connecting the upper part of the evaporator 11 and the upper part of the liquid receiver 12, 1
5C is a pipe connecting the upper part of the liquid receiver 13 and one end of the condenser 14, 15D is a pipe connecting the other end of the condenser 14 and the upper part of the accumulator 13, and 16 is the accumulator 1
3 A liquid return pipe connecting the liquid heat medium part at the bottom and the liquid heat medium part at the bottom of the liquid receiver 12; 17 is a switch provided in the middle of the liquid return pipe 16; in this case, the first on-off valve; 18 is a A pressure equalizing pipe connects the gaseous heat medium section in the upper part of the accumulator 13 and the gaseous heat medium part in the upper part of the liquid receiver 12, 19 is a switch provided in the middle of the pressure equalizing pipe 18, in this case the second on-off valve It is. Piping 15
A, 15B, 15C, 15D, liquid return pipe 16, and pressure equalization pipe 18, the evaporator 11, liquid receiver 12, accumulator 13, and condenser 14 are connected in a loop shape, and an appropriate amount of heat medium is inside. 20, for example, Freon is enclosed. 21 is an on-off valve 17,1
9, a timer 22 is a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the accumulator 13, and when the temperature becomes abnormal, it sends an operation signal to the timer 21, prevents the opening and closing of the on-off valves 17 and 19, and closes the on-off valves 17 and 19. The state is maintained and the supply of liquid heat medium to the evaporator 11 is blocked. Although there are no restrictions on the location of the hot water tank 2, in this embodiment it is provided at the bottom of the collector 1. The liquid return means includes a liquid return pipe 16, a pressure equalization pipe 18, first and second on-off valves 17 and 19, and a timer 21.

The operation will be explained below. In the figure, the solid line arrows indicate the flow of the liquid heat medium when the first and second on-off valves 17 and 19 are closed, and the broken line arrows similarly indicate the flow of the gaseous heat medium. The liquid heat medium in the receiver 12 flows through the pipe 15A to the evaporator 11 under the action of gravity, receives solar heat, and evaporates. The evaporated gaseous heat medium flows into the liquid receiver 12 through the pipe 15B, and after being separated into gas and liquid in the liquid receiver 12, flows through the pipe 15C to the condenser 14 in the hot water tank 2.
It is cooled by the surrounding water 6, condenses and liquefies, and at the same time releases heat. Since the condensed liquid heat medium is pushed out by the gaseous heat medium, it passes through the pipe 15D,
Flows into the accumulator 13, and the accumulator 1
It will accumulate within 3. Therefore, the amount of liquid in the liquid receiver 12 will gradually decrease.

Next, when the amount of liquid in the liquid receiver 12 decreases to a certain extent, the first and second on-off valves 17 and 19 are opened. In this open state, the liquid receiver 1 is
As a result of the gaseous heat medium flowing from 2 to the accumulator 13, the pressure of the liquid receiver 12 and the accumulator 13 is equalized, and the liquid heat medium in the accumulator 13 returns to the liquid receiver 12 via the liquid return pipe 16 due to the action of gravity. I will do it.

Even if there is no pressure equalizing pipe 18, the liquid heat medium in the accumulator 13 gradually flows into the liquid receiver 1 through the switch 17 of the liquid return pipe 16 due to the action of gravity.
2, but the reflux will be faster if the pressure equalization pipe is heated.

When a predetermined amount of the liquid heat medium has returned to the liquid receiver 12, the first and second on-off valves 17 and 19 are closed,
Return to original state. On-off valves 17, 19 as described above
The heat medium circulates by opening and closing, and the heat is transported from the evaporator 11 to the condenser 14, thereby warming water, which is a heat storage material. The on-off valves 17 and 19 are opened and closed intermittently by a timer 21. Although it varies depending on the amount of heat medium, etc., in this case, an intermittent operation was performed in which the valve was opened for 1 minute at 5-minute intervals. As described above, since the condensed liquid heat medium flows into the accumulator 13 due to the vapor pressure difference between the liquid receiver 12 and the accumulator 13, there is no restriction on the position of the condenser 14, and the hot water tank 2 can be located at the bottom of the collector 1. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the convex portion on the collector 1 and create a structure that is resistant to wind pressure.

Also, if water 6 is not available, evaporator 11 and condenser 1
4. The temperature of the accumulator 13 gradually increases, but when it rises above a predetermined value, the first on-off valve 17 is controlled to close. In this case, a temperature sensor 22 attached to the accumulator 13 senses the temperature and transmits an operating signal to the timer 21 to maintain the closed state of the first and second on-off valves. Then, the heat medium accumulates in the accumulator 13, making it possible to reduce the amount of heat medium in the receiver 12 and the evaporator 11 to zero. Therefore, evaporator 1
Since the heat medium does not evaporate even when the temperature of the fuel cell 1 increases, the pressure inside the fuel cell does not become too high, making it possible to prevent explosions. Also, even if the evaporator becomes high temperature, the pipes 15C and 15 to the hot water tank 2
Since D does not reach a high temperature, it is possible to prevent damage to the seal portion due to elongation of the pipe.

Although the switches 17 and 19 are controlled by a timer 21, the pressure equalizing pipe 18 and the timer 21 are eliminated, and the switch 17 is replaced by a check valve whose forward direction is from the accumulator 13 to the liquid receiver 12. The liquid heat transfer medium may be caused to pass through the check valve due to the gravity of the liquid heat transfer medium inside.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the first on-off valve 17 is provided in the liquid return pipe 16, and the first on-off valve 17 is controlled to be closed when the temperature of the accumulator 13 reaches a predetermined temperature or higher. Instead of the first on-off valve 17, a check valve that opens only from the accumulator 13 toward the liquid receiver 12 is provided, and the piping 15A
A similar effect can be obtained by providing a third on-off valve in the tank and controlling the third on-off valve so that it is closed when there is no water 6 and is normally open. Of course, it can be done.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, there is a liquid receiver that separates a heat medium into gas and liquid and stores the liquid heat medium, and a liquid receiver located lower than the liquid receiver receives the liquid heat medium and evaporates it with solar heat to generate gaseous heat. an evaporator that converts it into a medium and returns it to the liquid receiver; a condenser that receives a gaseous heat medium from the liquid receiver, exchanges heat with the heat storage material, and condenses it into a liquid heat medium;
By providing an accumulator that is located above the liquid receiver and receives and stores the heat medium of the condenser, and a liquid return means that returns the liquid heat medium by gravity falling from the accumulator to the liquid receiver via a switch. , it is possible to obtain a solar heat collector without any restriction on the position of the heat storage material container. Furthermore, if a means is provided to prevent the supply of liquid heat medium to the evaporator in the event of an abnormality, it is possible to obtain a solar heat collector without the risk of explosion.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional solar collector;
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a solar collector according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11...evaporator, 12...liquid receiver, 13...accumulator, 14...condenser, 16...liquid return pipe, 17...switch, in this case the first on-off valve,
18... pressure equalization pipe, 19... switch, in this case a second on-off valve, 21... timer, 22... temperature sensor. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A liquid receiver that separates a heat medium into gas and liquid and stores the liquid heat medium; a liquid receiver located lower than the liquid receiver, which receives the liquid heat medium from the receiver and evaporates it using solar heat; an evaporator that converts the gas into a gaseous heat medium and returns it to the liquid receiver; a condenser that receives the gaseous heat medium from the liquid receiver and exchanges heat with the heat storage material to condense it into a liquid heat medium; An accumulator located above the liquid container to receive and store the liquid heat medium of the condenser, and a liquid return means that returns the liquid heat medium by gravity falling from the accumulator to the liquid receiver via a switch. collector. 2. The liquid return means is constituted by piping that connects the liquid heat medium section of the accumulator and the liquid receiver via a check support whose forward direction is from the accumulator to the liquid receiver. Solar collectors as described in section. 3. The liquid return means includes a liquid heat medium pipe that connects the liquid heat medium section of the accumulator and the liquid receiver via a first on-off valve that opens and closes intermittently, and a second liquid heat medium pipe that connects the liquid heat medium section of the accumulator and the liquid receiver through a first on-off valve that opens and closes intermittently at the same time as the first on-off valve. 2. The solar heat collector according to claim 1, which comprises pressure equalization piping that connects the gaseous heat medium section of the liquid receiver and the gaseous heat medium section of the achievator via an on-off valve. 4 A liquid receiver that separates the heat medium into gas and liquid and stores the liquid heat medium, which is located lower than the liquid receiver and receives the liquid heat medium from the liquid receiver and evaporates it with solar heat to form a gaseous heat medium. an evaporator that receives the gaseous heat medium from the liquid receiver and exchanges heat with the heat storage material to condense it into a liquid heat medium, and a condenser located above the liquid receiver; an accumulator for receiving and storing the liquid heat medium of the condenser; a liquid return means for returning the liquid heat medium by gravity falling from the accumulator to the liquid receiver via a switch; and a liquid return means for returning the liquid heat medium to the evaporator in the event of an abnormality. Solar collectors with means for blocking the supply of media. 5. The solar heat collector according to claim 4, wherein the means for blocking the supply of the liquid heat medium to the evaporator senses the temperature of the accumulator and connects the switch of the liquid return means to a closed state.