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JPH0524850B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0524850B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0524850B2
JPH0524850B2 JP61014134A JP1413486A JPH0524850B2 JP H0524850 B2 JPH0524850 B2 JP H0524850B2 JP 61014134 A JP61014134 A JP 61014134A JP 1413486 A JP1413486 A JP 1413486A JP H0524850 B2 JPH0524850 B2 JP H0524850B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
aluminum
powder
aluminum nitride
mixed
plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP61014134A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS62171903A (en
Inventor
Kazuhiro Baba
Nobuaki Shohata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NEC Corp
Original Assignee
Nippon Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP61014134A priority Critical patent/JPS62171903A/en
Publication of JPS62171903A publication Critical patent/JPS62171903A/en
Publication of JPH0524850B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0524850B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/06Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
    • C01B21/072Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with aluminium
    • C01B21/0722Preparation by direct nitridation of aluminium
    • C01B21/0724Preparation by direct nitridation of aluminium using a plasma

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

(産業上の利用分野) 本発明は高周波熱プラズマを用い、金属アルミ
ニウムと、アルゴン、窒素、水素、アンモニアお
よび炭素粉末を原料とし、プラズマ反応を利用し
た窒化アルミニウムと炭化アルミニウムよりなる
混合微粉末の合成方法に関するものである。 (従来技術とその問題点) 窒化アルミニウムは絶緑性に優れ、しかも熱伝
導性も良好であるため、近年電子回路の放熱基板
用材料として重要度が増している。 窒化アルミニウムの合成法としては従来、以下
の方法が知られている。 (1) アルミナとカーボンの混合粉末を窒素気流
中、1500〜1900℃で加熱、還元する方法。 (2) アルミニウムのハロゲン化物とアンモニアを
反応させる方法。 (3) 金属アルミニウムを加熱し、窒素又はアンモ
ニア雰囲気中で反応させる方法。 (1)の方法では、安価で大量に窒化アルミニウム
を合成できる利点はあるが、合成粉末中には未反
応のアルミナ、カーボンなどの不純物が残留して
しまう。さらに、この方法では未反応のカーボン
を二酸化炭素として除くために空気中で加熱する
が、窒化アルミニウム自身が酸化される恐れもあ
り、高純度の窒化アルミニウムは得難い。 また、(2)の方法でも、未反応物や副生成物(主
にハロゲン化アンモニウム)が混入するといつた
欠点がある。 これに対し、(3)の方法では、金属アルミニウム
を直接窒化する方法なので、高純度の窒化アルミ
ニウムを合成することが可能である。しかし、金
属アルミニウムを窒素雰囲気で加熱しても表面が
窒化されるだけで完全窒化は難しい。また、近
年、直流プラズマを用いたアルミニウムの窒化が
試みられているが、合成粉中には未反応のアルミ
ニウムが多量に含まれるといつた問題があつた。 そこで、本発明者らは、高周波熱プラズマを利
用し、反応系としてAl−N2−Ar−H2−NH3
用いることによつて、金属不純物が非常に少ない
窒化アルミニウム微粉末の合成に成功した。さら
にこの微粉末は表面積が従来の窒化アルミニウム
の十倍以上あり、その表面エネルギーにより、従
来より低温で焼結が可能であるといつた極めて実
用価値に優れたものであつた。 一方、窒化アルミニウム焼結体の特性‐特に熱
伝導率‐は、不純物酸素の存在により著しく低下
することが知られている。窒化アルミニウム粉末
は空気中の酸素、水分により、表面は酸化物で覆
われており、これが焼結中に窒化アルミニウムと
反応し、酸窒化物を生成するため、熱伝導率が低
下するものであり、従つて、窒化アルミニウム中
の不純物酸素をいかに取り除くかが重要な課題と
なつている。 現在、不純物酸素を取り除く方法として、焼結
の際窒化アルミニウム粉末に数重量パーセントの
Y2O3やCaO等の添加物を混ぜ、窒化アルミニウ
ム中の酸素をYAG等の化合物の形で粒界に析出
させる方法がとられている。この方法の問題点
は、添加物を混合するという新たなプロセスが入
るため、混合を行なつている際中に不純物が混入
する可能性がある点と、窒化アルミニウム粉末と
添加物の粒径が異なる場合が多く、十分に均一な
混合が難しいばかりでなく、窒化アルミニウム粉
末と添加物の接触が十分でなく、必要以上の添加
物を用いなければならないという点である。不純
物の存在が窒化アルミニウム焼結体の特性を劣化
させる点を考えると、添加物の量は必要最小限に
おさえなければならないことはいうまでもない。 本発明の目的は、以上のような、添加物を用い
る際の欠点を除去し、窒化アルミニウムと添加物
を高周波熱プラズマ法により同時に合成すること
によつて、同粒径の添加物が均一に混合された窒
化アルミニウムと炭化アルミニウムよりなる混合
微粉末の合成方法を提供することにある。 (問題点を解決するための手段) 本発明は高周波誘導熱プラズマ法による窒化ア
ルミニウムの合成法において、原料として、金属
アルミニウム、窒素、アルゴン、水素、アンモニ
アおよび炭素粉末を用い、窒化アルミニウムと炭
化アルミニウムの均一混合微粉末を合成する方
法。 以上に本発明の構成の詳細を図面に基き説明す
る。第1図は、本発明に用いた合成装置である。
石英製プラズマ発生管2および反応容器9を排気
装置12で排気した後、ガス供給口4よりアルゴ
ンガスを導入する。高周波コイル1に高周波を流
すことにより、アルゴンが無電極放電を起こしプ
ラズマフレーム5が発生する。プラズマフレーム
5が発生したら、ガス混合器により混合された水
素、窒素、アンモニアガスを混合ガス入口8より
導入する。さらに、所定量のカーボン粉末をあら
かじめ混合したアルミニウム粉末を原料供給口1
4より投入する。すると、金属アルミニウムおよ
びカーボン粉末は高温のプラズマフレーム5によ
り蒸発し、大部分のアルミニウムは反応容器9内
で窒化され、また一部はカーボンと反応し炭化ア
ルミニウムとなる。生成した窒化アルミニウムと
炭化アルミニウムは気体状態で混合され、排気装
置11によつて粉末捕集装置10に運ばれる間に
凝縮、微粒子化する。 原料のアルミニウムと炭素粉末は純度99%以
上、好ましくは99.99%以上のものを用い、さら
に、反応率を向上させるためにこれらの粒径は30
メツシユ以下のものを用いるのが望ましい。 また、アルミニウムとカーボン粉末の供給法と
しては、例えば、パレツト状に成形した混合粉を
反応容器内に設けた水冷ハース台上に置き、プラ
ズマフレームを当てて蒸発させる方法などが考え
られ、第1図で示したような方法に限定されるも
のではない。 (実施例) 以下、前述の装置を用いた実施例について説明
する。得られた微粉末は窒化アルミニウムと炭化
アルミニウムの混合物でその粒径はいずれも
0.2μm以下であつた。さらにその粉末を窒素気流
中、1400〜1800℃で焼結したところ、いずれも理
論密度の90%以上に緻密化しており、また、X線
回折により焼結体中には第1表の丸印で示した相
が確認された。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention uses high-frequency thermal plasma to produce a mixed fine powder of aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide using plasma reaction, using metal aluminum, argon, nitrogen, hydrogen, ammonia and carbon powder as raw materials. It concerns a synthesis method. (Prior art and its problems) Aluminum nitride has excellent green fastness and good thermal conductivity, so it has become increasingly important as a material for heat dissipation substrates for electronic circuits in recent years. The following methods are conventionally known as methods for synthesizing aluminum nitride. (1) A method in which a mixed powder of alumina and carbon is heated and reduced at 1500 to 1900℃ in a nitrogen stream. (2) A method of reacting aluminum halide and ammonia. (3) A method in which metal aluminum is heated and reacted in a nitrogen or ammonia atmosphere. Method (1) has the advantage of being able to synthesize aluminum nitride in large quantities at low cost, but impurities such as unreacted alumina and carbon remain in the synthesized powder. Furthermore, in this method, heating is performed in air to remove unreacted carbon as carbon dioxide, but there is a risk that aluminum nitride itself may be oxidized, making it difficult to obtain highly pure aluminum nitride. In addition, method (2) also has the disadvantage of contamination with unreacted substances and by-products (mainly ammonium halides). On the other hand, in method (3), metal aluminum is directly nitrided, so it is possible to synthesize highly pure aluminum nitride. However, heating metal aluminum in a nitrogen atmosphere only nitrides the surface, making complete nitridation difficult. In addition, in recent years, attempts have been made to nitride aluminum using direct current plasma, but there has been a problem in that the synthetic powder contains a large amount of unreacted aluminum. Therefore, the present inventors have succeeded in synthesizing fine aluminum nitride powder with very few metal impurities by using high-frequency thermal plasma and using Al-N 2 -Ar-H 2 -NH 3 as a reaction system. Successful. Furthermore, this fine powder has a surface area more than ten times that of conventional aluminum nitride, and its surface energy makes it possible to sinter at a lower temperature than before, making it extremely useful in practical use. On the other hand, it is known that the properties of aluminum nitride sintered bodies, especially the thermal conductivity, are significantly reduced by the presence of impurity oxygen. The surface of aluminum nitride powder is covered with oxides due to oxygen and moisture in the air, and this reacts with aluminum nitride during sintering to produce oxynitrides, which reduces thermal conductivity. Therefore, how to remove impurity oxygen from aluminum nitride has become an important issue. Currently, as a method to remove impurity oxygen, several weight percent of aluminum nitride powder is added to aluminum nitride powder during sintering.
A method is used in which additives such as Y 2 O 3 and CaO are mixed and oxygen in aluminum nitride is precipitated at grain boundaries in the form of compounds such as YAG. The problem with this method is that it involves a new process of mixing additives, so there is a possibility that impurities may be mixed in during the mixing process, and that the particle sizes of the aluminum nitride powder and additives are Not only is it difficult to mix sufficiently uniformly, but also the contact between the aluminum nitride powder and the additives is insufficient, requiring the use of more additives than necessary. Considering that the presence of impurities deteriorates the properties of the aluminum nitride sintered body, it goes without saying that the amount of additives must be kept to the minimum necessary. The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of using additives as described above, and to simultaneously synthesize aluminum nitride and additives by high-frequency thermal plasma method, so that additives with the same particle size can be uniformly synthesized. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for synthesizing a mixed fine powder of mixed aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide. (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is a method for synthesizing aluminum nitride by high-frequency induction thermal plasma method, in which metal aluminum, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, ammonia, and carbon powder are used as raw materials, and aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide are synthesized. A method of synthesizing uniformly mixed fine powder. The details of the configuration of the present invention will be explained above based on the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the synthesis apparatus used in the present invention.
After evacuating the quartz plasma generating tube 2 and the reaction vessel 9 using the exhaust device 12, argon gas is introduced through the gas supply port 4. By passing a high frequency wave through the high frequency coil 1, argon causes electrodeless discharge and a plasma flame 5 is generated. When the plasma flame 5 is generated, hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia gases mixed by the gas mixer are introduced from the mixed gas inlet 8. Furthermore, aluminum powder mixed with a predetermined amount of carbon powder is added to the raw material supply port 1.
Add from 4. Then, the metal aluminum and carbon powder are evaporated by the high temperature plasma flame 5, most of the aluminum is nitrided in the reaction vessel 9, and some reacts with carbon to become aluminum carbide. The produced aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide are mixed in a gaseous state, and are condensed and turned into fine particles while being conveyed to the powder collector 10 by the exhaust device 11. The aluminum and carbon powder used as raw materials should have a purity of 99% or higher, preferably 99.99% or higher, and the particle size of these powders should be 30% to improve the reaction rate.
It is preferable to use something smaller than mesh. In addition, as a method for supplying aluminum and carbon powder, for example, the mixed powder formed into a pallet is placed on a water-cooled hearth table installed in a reaction vessel, and a plasma flame is applied to evaporate it. The method is not limited to the method shown in the figure. (Example) Hereinafter, an example using the above-mentioned apparatus will be described. The obtained fine powder is a mixture of aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide, and its particle size is
It was 0.2 μm or less. When the powders were further sintered at 1400 to 1800℃ in a nitrogen stream, they were densified to more than 90% of the theoretical density, and X-ray diffraction revealed that the circles in Table 1 were found in the sintered bodies. The phase shown in was confirmed.

【表】 また、焼結体の熱伝導率は第1表および第2図
で示したように炭化アルミニウムの含有量が1重
量%以上で急激に増大するが、10重量パーセント
を越えると逆に低下した。従つて、混合微粉末中
に含まれる炭化アルミニウムは1〜10重量パーセ
ントの範囲であることが望ましい。 (発明の効果) 以上述べたように本発明によれば高周波誘導熱
プラズマ法において、原料としてアルゴン、窒
素、アンモニア、水素およびアルミニウムとカー
ボンの混合粉末を用いることにより従来のような
添加物の粒径および混合の問題が同時に解決でき
るため、実用的価値は極めて大きい。
[Table] Also, as shown in Table 1 and Figure 2, the thermal conductivity of the sintered body increases rapidly when the aluminum carbide content exceeds 1% by weight, but it reverses when the aluminum carbide content exceeds 10% by weight. decreased. Therefore, it is desirable that the amount of aluminum carbide contained in the mixed fine powder is in the range of 1 to 10 weight percent. (Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, in the high-frequency induction thermal plasma method, argon, nitrogen, ammonia, hydrogen, and a mixed powder of aluminum and carbon are used as raw materials, thereby reducing the particle size of additives as in the past. The practical value is extremely great because the diameter and mixing problems can be solved at the same time.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明に用いた高周波プラズマ反応装
置を示す図。第1図において、1は高周波コイ
ル、2は石英製プラズマ発生管、3は冷却水入
口、4はガス供給口、5はプラズマフレーム、6
は水素ガス入口、7は冷却水出口、8は混合ガス
入口、9は反応容器、10は粉末捕集器、11は
排気装置、12は真空排気装置、13はガス混合
器、14は原料供給口を示す。第2図は、混合粉
末中の炭化アルミニウムの量と焼結体の熱伝導率
の関係を示す図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a high frequency plasma reaction apparatus used in the present invention. In Figure 1, 1 is a high frequency coil, 2 is a quartz plasma generation tube, 3 is a cooling water inlet, 4 is a gas supply port, 5 is a plasma flame, 6 is a
is hydrogen gas inlet, 7 is cooling water outlet, 8 is mixed gas inlet, 9 is reaction vessel, 10 is powder collector, 11 is exhaust device, 12 is vacuum exhaust device, 13 is gas mixer, 14 is raw material supply Show mouth. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of aluminum carbide in the mixed powder and the thermal conductivity of the sintered body.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 高周波誘導熱プラズマを用いる窒化アルミニ
ウムの合成法において、プラズマ発生用ガスとし
てアルゴンをまた反応ガスとして窒素、水素およ
びアンモニアの混合ガスを用い炭素粉末とアルミ
ニウム金属粉末の混合粉末をプラズマ中に導入す
ることを特徴とする窒化アルミニウムと炭化アル
ミニウムよりなる混合微粉末の合成方法。
1 In a method for synthesizing aluminum nitride using high-frequency induction thermal plasma, a mixed powder of carbon powder and aluminum metal powder is introduced into the plasma using argon as the plasma generation gas and a mixed gas of nitrogen, hydrogen, and ammonia as the reaction gas. A method for synthesizing a mixed fine powder of aluminum nitride and aluminum carbide, characterized by the following.
JP61014134A 1986-01-24 1986-01-24 Synthesis of fine aluminum nitride powder Granted JPS62171903A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61014134A JPS62171903A (en) 1986-01-24 1986-01-24 Synthesis of fine aluminum nitride powder

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61014134A JPS62171903A (en) 1986-01-24 1986-01-24 Synthesis of fine aluminum nitride powder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62171903A JPS62171903A (en) 1987-07-28
JPH0524850B2 true JPH0524850B2 (en) 1993-04-09

Family

ID=11852663

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61014134A Granted JPS62171903A (en) 1986-01-24 1986-01-24 Synthesis of fine aluminum nitride powder

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62171903A (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50160199A (en) * 1974-06-20 1975-12-25
IT1055884B (en) * 1976-02-17 1982-01-11 Montedison Spa PLASMA ARC PROCEDURE OF METALLIC AND SIMILAR CERAMIC PRODUCTS
JPS60180906A (en) * 1984-02-28 1985-09-14 Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd How to remove carbon powder from aluminum nitride powder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62171903A (en) 1987-07-28

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