JPH0525442B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Objective of the Invention) (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an onion harvester, and more particularly, to an onion harvester for harvesting onions by cutting stems and leaves.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, this type of onion harvesting machine has, for example, a pair of conveyance rollers each having a conveyance protrusion spirally wound around the outer periphery in the axial direction, which are rotated inwardly from each other at an appropriate interval. A cutter for cutting the onion stems and leaves is provided at the discharge end of the pair of conveyor rollers, and a transverse conveyor is connected to the cutter, and a cutter is attached to the discharge end of the pair of conveyor rollers. There is a structure in which a shutter that distributes onions inward or outward in the direction of travel can be opened and closed.

Then, the onion carried on a pair of conveying rollers is conveyed backwards, and the onion stems and leaves are cut with a cutter by controlling the downward posture.While the stems and leaves fall as they are, the onion Furthermore, while being conveyed by a lateral conveyor,
Depending on the distribution of the shutter at the discharge end, the paper is discharged inward or outward in the direction of travel. In other words, when harvesting onions for two strokes by concentrating them in one line, the onions in the first stroke are carried out inward in the direction of travel, that is, to the middle part,
The onion in the second step is placed in the side part of the first
It is now being carried out for onions in the process.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) According to the above configuration, for example, during the harvesting operation in the first step, the stems and leaves cut by the cutter are dropped directly into the field below, and the onions are Since the onions are carried inward, that is, toward the middle of the trail where the leaves and leaves fell, the separated leaves and onions are left together in the field, and the onions are left to dry on the ground in this state. Therefore, when picking up onions with a picker and storing them in a container as a post-work, the stems and leaves become a nuisance, and it is necessary to pick up the onions and store them in the container. There is the inconvenient problem of getting used to it.

Therefore, the present invention was made in view of these points, and it is possible to release onions and stems and leaves separated from the onions to different positions, thereby making it possible to easily pick up onions after drying on the ground. The purpose of this invention is to provide an onion harvesting machine that can be easily used for post-work.

(Structure of the Invention) (Means for Solving the Problems) The onion harvesting machine of the present invention includes a cutter mechanism for cutting the stems and leaves of onions, and a cutter mechanism connected to the rear of the cutter mechanism to laterally cut the onions from which the stems and leaves have been cut. a conveyor for conveying onions; a shutter rotatably provided at the discharge end of the onion conveyor to distribute the onions to the outside or inside of the onion conveyor; and a shutter provided at the bottom of the cutter mechanism. A foliage conveyor that laterally conveys the foliage cut from the chopped onions; and a guide body rotatably provided at the upper part of one side of the foliage conveyor to guide the foliage onto or outside the foliage conveyor. and an interlocking mechanism rotatably connected to the shutter and the guide body to operate the shutter and the guide body so as to carry out onions and stems and leaves in different directions, and an operation handle for operating the interlocking mechanism. This is what I did.

(Function) In the onion harvesting machine of the present invention, when the operating handle is operated during the harvesting operation in the first step, the interlocking mechanism is interlocked and the guide body is rotated vertically by the operation of the interlocking mechanism. The upper surface of the onion conveyor is opened, while the shutter is rotated and tilted outward to close the outer part of the discharge end of the onion conveyor and open the inner lower part of the discharge end.

As a result, the foliage cut by the cutter mechanism is dropped downward, carried onto the foliage conveyor, conveyed toward the side in the direction of travel, and discharged outward in the direction of travel from its delivery end. The onions are carried onto the onion conveyor and conveyed to the side portion in the direction of travel, and are discharged from the delivery end toward the inner center in the direction of travel using the shutter as a guide. Therefore, in the first step, onions are left in a row in the central part of the onion excavation site where the stems and leaves are not scattered, and the stems and leaves are left in a row in the side part at a different position from the onion in this central part. left behind.

In addition, during harvesting work in the second stroke, when the operating handle is operated after changing direction at the end of the first stroke, the interlocking mechanism is interlocked and the guide body is rotated from the vertical position by the operation of the interlocking mechanism. The shutter is moved forward and downward to protrude above the foliage conveyor, blocking the upper surface of the foliage conveyor, while the shutter is rotated and tilted from the outside to the inside of the onion conveyor's discharge end. is closed and the outer part of this discharge end is opened.

As a result, the stems and leaves cut by the cutter mechanism fall onto the lower guide and are discharged as they are to the onion digging site, and the onions are carried onto the onion conveyor. The onions are conveyed to the lateral side in the direction of travel, and discharged directly from the delivery end toward the onions grouped in the first step outward in the direction of travel. Therefore, the onions in the second process are left in rows in sequence towards the onions left in the field in the first process, and the onions are dug up in the second process in a different position from those of these onions. Onions are left one after another in fields where there are no traces of onions.

As a result, each onion for the first and second stages is left together in rows at a different position from the stems and leaves, and is dried on the ground.

(Example) Hereinafter, one example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a main body frame, and an endless track belt 2 is provided at the bottom of this main body frame 1 so as to be freely rotatable.
It is designed to be driven by an engine 3 mounted on the vehicle. Further, in the front part of the main body frame 1, a gauge wheel 5 having a cover body 4 in order from the front to the rear, a digging body 7 like a tip metal having a side frame 6,
A rear transport conveyor 8, a lifting conveyor 9 and a scraping conveyor 11 having a number of vanes 10 on said rear transport conveyor 8 are provided.

The rear transport conveyor 8 and the scraping conveyor 11 having a large number of blades 10 are connected to the engine 3 via a linking medium (not shown) so that they can rotate freely, and are rotated at the same speed and in the same direction. The lifting conveyor 9 is rotatably coupled to the engine 3 via a coupling medium (not shown).

Next, left and right side frames 12, 12 extending in the front-rear direction are fixed to the left and right rear portions of the main body frame 1, and a piece of onion a is placed between the left and right side frames 12, 12 in the front-rear direction. A plurality of sets of foliage processing rollers 14, each consisting of a pair of conveying rollers 13, 13 arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined interval, are rotatably mounted on shafts, The pair of transport rollers 13, 13 in each set are interlocked and connected to the engine 3 via a linking medium (not shown) so as to be rotated inwardly in opposite directions, and the transport rollers 13, 13 in each set are roller 1
3 and 13 are spiral rollers on which spiral bands 15 and 15 of a predetermined pitch are formed to convey the onion a to the outer circumference in the length direction and adjust the posture of the stems and leaves b downwardly between the conveying rollers 13 and 13; It is made up of.

Also, a pair of conveyance rollers 13 in each set,
For each of the 13 unloading ends, the stems and leaves of onion a are
A cutter mechanism 16 is provided at the rear of each cutter mechanism 16, and an onion conveyor 17 is provided at the rear of each cutter mechanism 16 to laterally convey the onion a from which the stems and leaves b have been cut off.

Each cutter mechanism 16 is connected to the pair of side frames 1.
A pair of drive shafts 18 and a rotation shaft 19 hanging from the discharge ends of the pair of conveyor rollers 13, 13 in each set are rotatable in the left-right direction of the support frame provided between the rear ends of the rollers 2 and 12. A rotary disk 20 and a rotary disk 20 are mounted on a shaft, and a portion of the rotary disk 20 is fed into the lower end of the drive shaft 18 in each group into the discharge end of one of the conveying rollers 13 in each group.
A substantially hemispherical support 21 is fixed to the upper part of the rotating shaft 19, and a part of the rotating shaft 19 in each set is inserted into the discharging end of the other conveying roller 13 in each set, and a part of the rotating shaft 19 in each set is A rotary circular blade 23 rotates in pressure contact with a surface portion 22 on the outer periphery of the rotating circular blade 20, and a substantially hemispherical support 24 is fixed to the upper part of the rotary circular blade 23 at the same level as the support 21. The diameter of the rotating disc 20 having the surface portion 22 on the outer periphery is smaller than the diameter of the rotating circular blade 23, so that the rotating disc 20 rotates at different rotational speeds.

In addition, drive pulleys having upper and lower V grooves (not shown) are fixed to the upper end of the drive shaft 18 in each set, and a V groove is formed between the upper and lower V grooves of each of the left and right drive pulleys.
The belt is suspended so that it can rotate freely. The drive pulley at one end is interlocked and connected to the engine 3 via an interlocking mechanism (not shown), and each drive shaft 18 is driven by the power from the engine via an interlocking medium and each V-belt. A rotary disk 20 of the drive shaft 18 is driven with respective rotary disk blades 23 pressed against the surface portion 22 thereof.

Next, the onion conveyor 17 has a driving shaft 26 and a driven shaft 27 facing each other on both left and right sides of conveyor frames 25, 25, which are arranged facing each other before and after the rear ends of the left and right side frames 12, 12. A drive roller 28 is fixed to the drive shaft 26 and a driven roller 29 is fixed to the driven shaft 27.
An endless rotating body 30 is configured to be freely movable suspended between the two. Further, a guide frame 25 protrudes outward from one end of the front and rear conveyor frames 25, 25, that is, the unloading end of the endless rotating body 30.
A rotary shaft 31 is rotatably suspended horizontally between the front and rear parts of the middle lower part of a, and a shutter 32 that is rotatable with respect to the discharge end of the onion conveyor 17 is fixed on this rotary shaft 31. Front and rear side plates 33a, 3 are provided at the bottom of both left and right sides in the direction in which the shutter 32 rotates.
Inner chute 33 with 3a and side plates 3 on the front and back
An outer chute 34 having 4a and 34a is fixed to the guide frame 25a in a state of being inclined downwardly inside and downwardly outside of the onion conveyor 17, respectively. Locking portions 35 and 36 for locking the shutter 32 are formed to incline inwardly and outwardly.

Further, a foliage conveyor 38 is provided between extended side frames 37, 37 extending opposite to the lower rear ends of the left and right side frames 12,12. This foliage conveyor 38 has conveyor frames 39, 39 fixed in parallel to the front and rear lower ends of the left and right extended side frames 37, 37, and a drive shaft between the left and right ends of the front and rear conveyor frames 39, 39. 40 and a driven shaft 41 are horizontally mounted rotatably in parallel, and a drive roller 42 and a driven shaft 41 are fixed to the drive shaft 40.
An endless rotating body 44 is rotatably suspended between a driven roller 43 and a driven roller 43 fixed to the roller. Further, a shaft rod 45 is rotatably installed horizontally between the rear end upper portions of the left and right extension side frames 37, 37, and a rotating upper portion of the endless rotating body 44 of the foliage conveyor 38 is opened and closed on this shaft rod 45. A plate-shaped guide body 46 is attached at its upper end so as to be rotatable in the front and rear directions.

Further, the drive shaft 26 of the onion conveyor 17
The V pulley 4 is attached to the protruding end 47 protruding forward.
8 and 49 are fixed, and a V-belt 52 that crosses between one V-pulley 48 and a V-pulley 51 of a protruding shaft portion 50 protruding to the rear of the drive shaft 40 of the foliage conveyor 38 is freely rotatable. suspended in
A guide roller 53 rotatably protruded from the front side plate 33a of the inner chute 33 is interposed between the cross portions of the V-belt 52. As a result, the endless rotating body 30 of the onion conveyor 17 and the endless rotating body 44 of the stem and leaf conveying conveyor 38 rotate in opposite directions to the left and right. Also, the other pulley 49 of the drive shaft 26
and the V pulley 55 at the rear end of the rotating shaft 54.
A belt 56 is rotatably suspended, and this rotating shaft 5
4 is rotatably coupled to the engine 3 via a coupling medium (not shown).

Next, one end of a first interlocking piece 58 is fixed to the protruding shaft portion 57 that protrudes forward of the shaft rod 31, and a first interlocking rod 59 is attached to the other end of the first interlocking piece 58. One end is rotatably inserted, and this first
The other end of the interlocking rod 59 is rotatably inserted into the first projecting piece 61 of a rotary plate 60, and this rotary plate 60 is rotatably attached to the one extension side frame 37 via a support shaft 62. Supported for free movement. Also, the second rotating plate 60
One end of a second interlocking piece 64 is rotatably attached to the projecting piece 63, and a second interlocking piece 64 integrally protrudes from the upper part of one side of the guide body 46 at the other end of the second interlocking piece 64. The outer end of the second interlocking rod 65 is rotatably inserted. Furthermore, the rear end of an operating rod 67 is rotatably attached to the third projecting piece 66 of the rotating plate 60, and the front end of the operating rod 67 is connected to an operating handle provided on the rear of the main body frame 1. The operation handle 68 is rotatably attached to the lower end of the operating handle 68, and the operating handle 68 is rotatably attached to the lower end of the handle 68 in the front and rear directions around a support shaft 69 at the lower side. It's becoming more and more locked down. The first interlocking piece 58, the first interlocking rod 59, the rotating plate 60 having the first to third projecting pieces 61, 63, 66 in three directions, the second interlocking piece 64, the second Interlocking rod 6
5 and the operating rod 67 constitute a link mechanism 70 as an interlocking mechanism. They are beginning to move within.

Furthermore, a chute body 72 is interposed between the delivery end of the lifting conveyor 9 and the delivery part of the plurality of sets of foliage processing rollers 14.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

First, during harvesting work in the first stroke, when the operating handle 68 is rotated forward, the link mechanism 7
The operating rod 67 of 0 is pulled forward, and the rotating plate 60 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 2 about the support shaft 62.
The shutter 32 is rotated outward via the first interlocking rod 59 and the first interlocking piece 58 and is locked to the locking portion 36 of the outer chute 34 as shown in FIG. The carrying-in part of the onion conveyor 17 is closed, and the carrying-in part of the inner chute 33 at the discharging end of the onion conveyor 17 is opened, and at the same time, the guide body is opened via the second interlocking piece 64 and the second interlocking rod 65. 46 is rotated rearward and set vertically above the rear end of the foliage conveyor 38 as shown in FIG. 2, and the upper part of the endless rotating body 44 of the foliage conveyor 38 is opened. Ru.

Next, the engine 3 is driven to move the machine forward, and the rear conveyor 8 and lifting conveyor 9 are each operated by the power from the engine 3.
At the same time, the scraping conveyor 11 is rotated counterclockwise in the figure, and the raking conveyor 11 is rotated clockwise in the figure, and each pair of conveying rollers 13, 13 and a pair of supports 21, 24 in each group of foliage processing rollers 14 are rotated counterclockwise in the figure. The rotary disk 20 and the rotary circular blade 23 having a
The endless rotating body 30 of is rotated toward the right side in the direction of travel, and the endless rotating body 44 of the foliage conveyor 38 is rotated toward the left side in the direction of travel.

Then, the onion a in the field is dug up by the digging body 7, or the cut-off onion a is scooped up, and the soil is shaken off from the onion a by the rear conveyor 8 and the lifting conveyor 9. The leaves are conveyed from the discharge end of the lifting conveyor 9 via the chute body 72 to the carry-in section of the foliage processing roller group 14. Further, each onion a carried into this foliage processing roller group 14 is distributed to each pair of transport rollers 13, 13 in each set which are mutually rotated inwardly, and Onion a on conveyor rollers 13, 13
are moved between a pair of conveyance rollers 13, 13 by spiral bands 15, 15, respectively, and conveyed in the conveyance direction, and the stems and leaves b of each onion a are protruded from the spiral bands 15, 15. A large number of elastic protrusions lock the near part of the onion, and the onion a is introduced downward from within the gap between the pair of conveyance rollers 13, 13 and conveyed, so that the stems and leaves b of the onion a face downward. The paper is adjusted to a hanging state and is transported to the discharge end of the pair of transport rollers 13, 13. A pair of conveyance rollers 13, 1 in each set
The onions a on 3 are carried upward from their unloading ends into the space between the pair of supports 21 and 24, respectively, and
The stems and leaves b of each onion a hanging downward from between the supports 21 and 24 are moved by a surface portion 22 on the outer periphery of the rotating disk 20 and a rotating circular blade 23 that is pressed against and driven by the surface portion 22. While being cut and removed from a predetermined position, each onion a is carried into the onion conveyor 17 by rotation of the respective pair of supports 21 and 24. In this case, since the diameter of the rotating disk 20 is smaller than the diameter of the rotating disk blade 23 and different diameters, their mutual rotational speeds are different, and the surface portion 22 on the outer periphery of the rotating disk 20 and the rotating disk blade 23 have different rotational speeds. 2
These are mutually rotated while changing the contact part with the blade part on the outer periphery of the rotary disk 20, and the stems and leaves b of the onion a introduced between them are sequentially disconnected.

Then, the leaves b cut by the rotary disk 20 and the rotary circular blade 23 as described above are dropped downward and carried onto the endless rotating body 44 of the leaf conveyor 38 to the left side in the direction of travel. transported towards
The onion conveyor 17 is discharged outwardly to the left in the direction of movement from its unloading end, and the endless rotating body 30 of the onion transport conveyor 17
The onion a carried above is conveyed to the right side in the direction of travel, and is guided from this delivery end to the inner chute 33 using the shutter 32 as a guide, and is guided by the inner chute 33 to the onion inside in the direction of travel. It is released towards the center of the excavation site. Therefore, in the first step, onions a are left in a row in the center of the onion digging site where no stems and leaves b are scattered, and onions b are left in a row at a different position from onions a in the center. are placed in a row in sequence.

Further, during harvesting work in the second stroke, after turning to the right in the direction of travel in the first stroke at the end of the first stroke, when the operation handle 68 is rotated backward, the operating rod 67 of the link mechanism 70 is rotated. Pushed backward, the rotating plate 60 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. The inner chute 33 is moved and locked by the locking part 35 of the inner chute 33, and the carrying-in part of the inner chute 33 is closed, and the carrying-in part of the outer chute 34 at the carrying-out end of the onion conveyor 17 is opened, and together with this, Second interlocking piece 64 and second interlocking rod 6
5, the guide body 46 is rotated forward and set to be tilted forward and downward above the foliage conveyor 38, and the endless rotating body 44 of the foliage conveyor 38 is rotated by this guide body 46. The upper part of the rotation is obstructed.

Then, the onion a dug up in the same manner as in the first step is carried from the stem and leaf processing roller group 14 to the cutter mechanism 16, and the rotating disk 20 and the rotating circular blade 23
The stems and leaves b cut by the lower guide member 46
The guide body 46 discharges the onion into the onion excavation site in the front part of the stem and leaf conveyor 38 in the advancing direction, and the onion a
are carried onto the endless rotating body 30 of the onion conveyor 17 and conveyed to the right side in the direction of movement, and are directly transferred to the outer chute 34 from the discharge end thereof.
This outer chute 34 guides the first
During the process, it is released toward each onion a clustered together. Therefore, the onions a in the second process are left in rows in sequence toward each onion a left in the field in the first process, and the stems and leaves b are placed in a different position from the onions a in the second process. Onions are left in fields where there are no onions left after being dug up. This results in
Onions a for two stages are left to dry on the ground in the first and second stages together in a row at a different position from the stems and leaves b.

Furthermore, during the harvesting operation in the third stroke, after changing the direction to the left in the direction of progress of the second stroke at the end of the second stroke, the operation handle 68 is rotated again, and the first
As in the case of the stroke, the guide body 46 is set to rotate vertically to open the endless rotating body 44 of the foliage conveyor 38, and the shutter 32 is locked to the locking part 36 of the outer chute 34 and rotated. The loading section of the inner chute 33 is closed and the loading section of the inner chute 33 is opened. As a result, the foliage b cut by the cutter mechanism 16 is transferred to the endless rotating body 44 of the foliage conveyor 38.
The stems and leaves B left in the second process are sequentially released in rows, and the stems and leaves b from the second process are left on the onion a.
Onion a is grouped into a place where it does not exist, and onion a is
In the third step, the onions are released in rows in the center of the onion excavation site where no stems or leaves are present and are dried on the ground.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, onions and stems and leaves cut and separated by a cutter mechanism are reliably separated by switching and setting the guide body for the stem and leaf conveyor and the shutter for the onion conveyor according to the work process. Therefore, onions can be easily picked up after being dried on the ground, and an onion harvesting machine that facilitates post-work can be provided.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show one embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of the onion harvester, Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the onion and stem and leaf processing mechanism, and Fig. 3 is a rear view of the same as the above in the assembled state. , FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the harvesting work. 13... Conveyance roller, 16... Cutter mechanism, 17
...Onion conveyor, 20... Rotating disc, 23... Rotating circular blade, 32... Shutter, 33... Inner chute, 34... Outer chute, 38... Stem and leaf conveyor, 45... Shaft rod, 46... Guide body, 68... Operation handle , 70... interlocking mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cutter mechanism that cuts off the stems and leaves of onions, an onion conveyor that is connected to the rear of this cutter mechanism and that conveys the onion whose stems and leaves have been cut in a lateral direction, and a discharge end of this onion conveyor. a shutter that is rotatably provided to distribute the onions to the outside or inside of the onion conveyor, and a stem and leaf conveyor that is provided below the cutter mechanism and that conveys the cut leaves from the onions laterally. a conveyor, a guide body which is rotatably provided at the upper part of one side of the foliage conveyor and guides the foliage onto or out of the foliage conveyor; and a rotatably interlocked connection between the shutter and the guide body. An onion harvesting machine characterized by comprising an interlocking mechanism that operates a shutter and a guide body so as to transport onions and stems and leaves in different directions, and an operation handle that operates this interlocking mechanism. 2. The cutter mechanism consists of a rotating disk and a rotating circular blade that rotates in contact with the outer periphery of the rotating disk, and is arranged so as to face the delivery end of the conveying roller that trims the stems and leaves of the onion downward while conveying the onion. The onion harvesting machine according to claim 1, further comprising: an onion harvesting machine. 3. The shutter is installed at the discharge end of the onion conveyor between an inner chute that carries onions inward and an outer chute that carries onions outward. The onion harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 4. The onion harvesting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide body is attached to a shaft horizontally suspended in the lower part of the cutter mechanism so as to be rotatable in the front and rear directions.