JPH0529856B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a vibration monitoring meter that measures vibrations of structures.

[Conventional technology]

Vibrations that occur during operation of mechanical structures such as electric motors are caused not only by unbalance due to processing errors and assembly errors in the rotating body itself, but also by mechanical and electrical aging of the constituent members, such as loosening between members, It also responds accurately to gaps that occur due to dryness in the insulating layer within the motor's winding grooves. Therefore, measuring vibrations of structures is considered essential for monitoring abnormalities in structures. Conventionally, the vibration level of mechanical vibrations has been measured by electrically detecting the speed and acceleration of vibrations, and inputting the detected electrical quantity into a vibration meter that displays the magnitude of vibrations. In large-scale plants in industrial fields such as electric power, steel, and chemicals that use a large number of rotating machines, monitors usually patrol regularly to improve plant availability and effectively carry out maintenance and repairs. Vibration is measured using the above method. However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, (1) vibration sensors are attached and measured each time, so the vibration measurement position and sensor installation method are not necessarily constant, resulting in individual differences. (2) Since the vibration sensor and the vibration meter body are separated, measurement requires effort and time. (3) Most of the objects to be measured are rotating machines, and since sensor installation and vibration measurement are performed while the machine is operating, the work may be dangerous, and sometimes measurements may not be possible. (4) Specialized skills and experience are required to operate the vibration meter. There are problems such as. For this reason, for highly important machines, there is a tendency to use a centralized monitoring method in which only the vibration meter sensor is fixed to the part of the machine to be measured, and the vibration level is centrally measured from a distance to monitor machine abnormalities. be. but,
If you want to take measurements right next to the machine, you will need a separate vibration meter since the machine only has a sensor attached to it. Therefore, as a device suitable for such applications, a compact vibration meter was devised that integrates all the circuits and power supply necessary for measuring and displaying vibration levels, from a vibration sensor to a vibration level display circuit, into a case. , filed by the same applicant (patent application filed in 1983)
(No. 205581) However, in the vibration meter according to the above application, the vibration level display section is fixed to a specific surface of the vibration meter, so depending on the conditions of the vibration monitoring section, the display section may move around the vibration monitoring section. It may be obscured by mechanical structures and may not be visible. Therefore, the same applicant has filed an application (Japanese Patent Application No. 289736/1982) in which only the vibration level display section is removable and this display section can be moved to a plurality of predetermined positions.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, the vibration meter according to the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 60-289736 also has the following problems. (1) Since a plurality of display unit mounting terminals are provided to move the vibration level display unit to a plurality of positions, the cost increases and the internal wiring becomes complicated, resulting in a lack of reliability. (2) When measuring the top or bottom of a mechanical structure, the position to visually check the vibration level is directly below or above the vibration meter, which poses a safety problem as it requires getting close to the mechanical structure. There is. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vibration monitoring meter that is inexpensive and highly reliable, which allows the vibration level to be visually observed safely regardless of the shape of the vibration monitoring part of a mechanical structure. be.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a vibration sensor that detects vibrations of a structure as an electrical signal;
An analog signal circuit such as an amplifier circuit that amplifies the electric signal, an integration circuit that integrates the amplified electric signal, and a detection circuit that detects the integrated electric signal, and converts the analog signal from the analog signal circuit into a digital signal. A digital signal circuit such as an A/D conversion circuit that converts the digital signal into a vibration level, a drive circuit that converts the digital signal into a vibration level, a display circuit that is driven by this drive circuit and digitally displays the vibration level, and the analog signal circuit and the digital signal. In a vibration monitoring meter equipped with a power supply circuit having a circuit operating power supply, a power supply operation switch, etc., the analog signal circuit section and the digital signal circuit and power supply circuit section are each separated into separate cases, and the analog A signal terminal and a power supply terminal are provided in the signal circuit part and the digital signal circuit and power supply circuit part, respectively, for connecting these parts to each other, and a signal terminal and a power supply terminal respectively corresponding to the signal terminal and the power supply terminal of the two parts are provided. A relay adapter is provided that has a terminal and electrically connects these two parts to each other and also connects them integrally.

[Effect]

According to this invention, the vibration monitoring meter is divided into an analog signal circuit section and a digital signal circuit and power supply circuit section, and normally both sections can be directly connected to measure the vibration level. If it is difficult to visually see the display part due to the shape and structure around it, the two parts should be separated and then integrally joined using a relay adapter. In this case, the shape of the relay adapter should be determined as appropriate. By this,
Only the display section can be set in a direction or angle that is easily visible.

【Example】

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. In FIG. 1, A indicates an analog signal circuit section, and B indicates a digital signal circuit and power supply circuit section (hereinafter simply referred to as the digital signal circuit section). In the analog signal circuit part A, 1 is a vibration sensor for detecting the vibration of a mechanical structure as an electric signal, and a piezoelectric vibrating element that detects the acceleration of vibration is used to convert the mechanical vibration into electric vibration. ing. An electrical signal proportional to the vibration acceleration detected by the vibration sensor 1 is amplified in the amplifier circuit 2. This amplified electrical signal is integrated twice by integrating circuits 3 and 4, and the value is standardized by international standards such as VDI and ISD, and represents the range of vibration levels classified according to the degree of danger. Among the three types of vibration: acceleration, velocity, and displacement, vibration velocity and vibration displacement are used in The number of times the input electric signal is integrated is determined depending on which vibration level is to be measured, and depending on this number of times both the integrating circuits 3 and 4 are short-circuited, or only the integrating circuit 4 is short-circuited. Now, the acceleration of the vibration is x¨, the velocity is x・, and the displacement is x
Assuming that the maximum displacement of vibration is A, the angular velocity is ω, and the time is t, the relationship between the magnitude and phase of the signal in each circuit is: x¨=Aw ² sinwt for amplifier circuit 2, and x・=∫X for integration circuit 3. ¨dt=-Awcoswt In the integrating circuit 4, x=∫x・dt=-Awsinwt. Since the output signals from the amplifier circuit 2 and the integration circuits 3 and 4 are AC signals having an angular velocity w, they are converted into DC signals by the detection circuit 6 to which the amplifier circuit 5 is added. This DC signal is output to the analog signal circuit connector 7. Analog signal circuit connector 7
is provided with a DC signal output terminal 8, a power input terminal 9 for supplying operating power to the analog signal circuit, and a common terminal 10. Next, in the digital signal circuit portion B, the DC output of the analog signal circuit is inputted from the digital signal circuit connector 11. The digital signal circuit connector 11 is provided with a DC signal input terminal 12, a power output terminal 13, and a common terminal 14. The analog signal input from the digital signal circuit connector 11 is converted into a 256-bit digital signal by the A/D conversion circuit 51 and input to the LCD drive circuit 16. The LCD drive circuit 16 controls the digital display circuit 17 according to the A/D converted electrical signal. At this time, sampling of data from the A/D conversion circuit 15 and display of the signal level are performed at intervals of 2 seconds. The digital display circuit 17 may be either an LCD or a light emitting diode, but in this embodiment
It uses an LCD. In addition, the operating power for the analog signal circuit and digital signal circuit is supplied by the battery 18, and the power is turned on and off using the switch 1.
It will be held at 9. The analog signal circuit section A and the digital signal circuit section B are coupled by a relay circuit section C. The relay line 20 of the relay circuit C has an analog signal circuit connector 21 at one end and a digital signal circuit connector 22 at the other end. The analog signal circuit connector 21 is provided with a DC signal output terminal 23, a power input terminal 24, and a common terminal 25, corresponding to the connector 7 of the analog signal circuit portion A, and a digital signal circuit connector 22 is the connector 11 of the digital signal circuit section B.
A DC signal input terminal 26, a power output terminal 27, and a common terminal 28 are provided correspondingly. The analog signal circuit connector 21 and the digital signal circuit connector 22 include a lead wire 29 that leads the electrical signal from the analog signal circuit section A to the digital signal circuit section B, and a lead that leads the operating power of the analog signal circuit section A from the power supply 18. They are connected by a line 30 and a lead wire 31 that connects the common line of the analog signal circuit section A and the digital signal circuit section B. Next, an embodiment of a vibration monitoring meter having the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 1 will be described. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the analog signal circuit section A and the digital signal circuit section B of the vibration monitoring meter are directly coupled and used. In FIG. 2A, the analog signal circuit portion A of FIG. 1 is housed together in an analog signal circuit case 33, and the digital signal circuit portion B is housed together in a digital signal circuit case 34. There is. The analog signal circuit case 33 and the digital signal circuit case 34 are integrally connected by stacking the digital signal circuit case 34 on top of the analog signal circuit case 33, passing screws 35 through them, and tightening them with nuts (not shown). has been done. A liquid crystal display 36 for displaying the vibration level and a power switch 19 are arranged on the top surface of the digital signal circuit case 34. In addition, on the lower surface (inside) of the digital signal circuit case 34, there is a
As shown in the figure, the battery 18 is held on one side of the insulating plate 37, and the DC signal output terminal 12 is provided at the center position. A power input terminal 13 is provided outside the DC signal output terminal 12, and a common terminal 14 is provided outside on a radial line connecting the DC signal output terminal 12 and the power input terminal 13. The terminals 12, 13, 14 are provided with contact springs to prevent unstable contact with the mating terminals 8, 9, 10 even if shock or vibration is applied from the outside. Further, the battery 18 is embedded to prevent short circuit with each terminal. As shown in FIG. 2B, a fixing screw 38 protrudes from the lower surface of the analog signal circuit case 33 for fixing the vibration monitoring meter to the structure to be measured.
The vibration sensor 1 (FIG. 1) is placed above the fixing screw 38 and inside the analog signal circuit case 33. Further, on the upper surface (inner side) of the analog signal circuit case 33, a DC signal output terminal 8, a power input terminal 9, and a common terminal 10 are provided on an insulating plate 39. In addition, 40 is the screw 35
It is a through hole. Terminals 8, 9, and 10 are located at positions corresponding to terminals 12, 13, and 14 on the digital signal circuit case 34 side, and when both cases 33 and 34 are combined as shown in FIG. 12, terminals 9 and 1
3, and terminals 10 and 14 are electrically connected to each other. In addition, the battery 18
To replace, loosen the screw 35 and remove both cases 33 and 34.
Separately. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the analog signal circuit section A and the digital signal circuit section B are separated and used by integrally connecting them with a relay adapter 32. The relay adapter 32 houses the relay circuit portion C shown in FIG. An analog signal circuit case 33 is connected to the lower surface of the relay adapter 32 . That is, there is an insulating plate 41 on the lower surface of the relay adapter 32, and on the insulating plate 41, the DC signal terminal 23, power terminal 24, and common terminal 25 of the analog signal circuit connector 21 are connected to the analog signal circuit case. 33
The analog signal terminal 8, the power supply terminal 9, and the common terminal 10 are provided so as to correspond to the analog signal terminal 8, the power supply terminal 9, and the common terminal 10. In addition,
Each terminal 23, 24, 25 of the relay adapter 32 is provided with a contact spring. The front surface of the relay adapter 32 is inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the lower surface, and the digital signal circuit case 34 is connected to this inclined surface. On the insulating plate 42 on the inclined surface of the relay adapter 32, the analog signal terminal 26 of the digital signal circuit connector 22 and the power terminal 2 are provided.
7 and the common terminal 28 are the analog signal terminal 12 and the power supply terminal 1 of the digital signal circuit case 34.
3 and the common terminal 14, respectively. At this time, the power supply terminal 27 and the common terminal 28 are configured as concentric circumferential contacts with the digital signal terminal 26 at the center, and are capable of contacting the mating terminals 13 and 14 on the entire circumference. The analog signal circuit case 33 and the digital signal circuit case 34 are coupled to the relay adapter 32 by screwing screws 35 and 43 into screw holes 44 and 45 of the relay adapter 32, respectively, and tightening them. By integrating the analog signal circuit case 33, the relay adapter 32, and the digital signal circuit case 34 in this way, the analog signal circuit portion A and the digital signal B are electrically coupled via the relay adapter 32. . Further, the vibration monitoring meter integrated in this way is fixed to the vibration monitoring site by the fixing screw 38 of the analog signal circuit case 33. As described above, the digital signal terminal 26 of the relay adapter 32 is located at the center of the inclined surface, and the power terminal 27 and the common terminal are connected to the digital signal terminal 26.
As shown in FIG. 4A, the digital signal circuit case 34 can be rotated 90 degrees to change the direction and connect to the relay adapter 32. Even though
Electrical contact between terminals 12 and 26, 13 and 27, and 14 and 28 is maintained. 4B and 4C show a state in which they are integrally coupled using the relay adapter 32, but the directions of the coupling of the digital signal circuit case 34 are vertically opposite to each other. FIG. 5 shows a situation in which the vibration monitoring meters configured as described above are integrally connected using the relay adapter 32, and the vibration monitoring part is at a high position 50a of the mechanical structure 50. However, if the vibration monitoring meter in the state shown in FIG. 4C is mounted in the direction shown, the display section 36 will be oriented downward at 45 degrees, making visual inspection easy. Moreover, when the vibration monitoring part is at the low position 50b,
When the vibration monitoring meter is in the state shown in Fig. 4C, the display section 36 is upside down and difficult to see, but it can be seen visually if the digital signal circuit case 34 is rotated 180 degrees to the state shown in Fig. 4B and installed in the direction shown. becomes easier. Furthermore, the vibration monitoring part is 50c or 50d.
Even in a recessed space like this, the display section 36 is oriented vertically at 45 degrees, so it can be viewed without being obstructed by the corners of the mechanical structure. In this case, even if the vibration monitoring meter is installed horizontally as in the vibration monitoring part 50c, the vibration monitoring part 50d
Even if it is installed vertically as in
There is no difference in viewing angle due to the degree of inclination.

【Effect of the invention】

The vibration monitoring meter of the present invention is configured such that an analog signal circuit section and a digital signal circuit and power supply circuit section are separated into separate cases. is provided with a signal terminal and a power supply terminal for connecting these two parts to each other, and further has a signal terminal and a power supply terminal respectively corresponding to the signal terminal and power supply terminal of the two parts, and electrically connects these two parts to each other. At the same time, we provided a relay adapter that connects them integrally.
Normally, vibration levels can be measured by directly connecting both parts, but if it is difficult to visually see the display part due to the shape and structure around the vibration monitoring part, separate both parts and use an appropriately shaped relay adapter. By integrally joining both parts using the display part, the display part can be set in a direction and at an angle that is easily visible. As a result, (1) If the digital signal circuit case can be rotated by 90 degrees relative to the relay adapter, the display can always be placed in an easy-to-read direction, eliminating misreading and improving the reliability of vibration measurement. It is possible to improve the performance and shorten the time. (2) If the mounting surface of the relay adapter's digital signal circuit case is tilted at 45 degrees with respect to the mounting surface of the analog signal circuit case, the display section can always be viewed from a 45-degree direction, making it easy to monitor vibrations. Improved access and increased safety. (3) Compared to the case where a plurality of display unit mounting terminals are provided on the vibration meter, the cost is lower and the wiring is simpler, improving reliability. There are effects such as

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the vibration monitoring meter having the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 1, where A is a perspective view of a case where an analog signal circuit case and a digital signal circuit case are directly connected, and B is an exploded perspective view of A. FIG. 5C is a perspective view of the digital signal circuit case B in an inverted state. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the situation in which the digital signal circuit case is rotated by 90 degrees with respect to the relay adapter; A is a front view showing four positions of the digital signal circuit case;
B is a side view of the vibration monitoring meter, and C is a side view of the vibration monitoring meter with the digital signal circuit case rotated by 180 degrees with respect to B. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a situation in which the vibration monitoring meter of the present invention is attached to a mechanical structure. 1...Vibration sensor, 2...Amplification circuit, 3, 4...
...Integrator circuit, 6...Detection circuit, 7...Analog signal circuit connector, 8...DC signal terminal, 9...
Power supply terminal, 10...Common terminal, 11...Digital signal circuit connector, 12...DC signal terminal, 1
3...Power terminal, 14...Common terminal, 15...
A/D conversion circuit, 16...drive circuit, 17...display circuit, 18...power supply, 21...analog signal circuit connector, 22...digital signal circuit connector, 23...DC signal terminal, 24... ...Power terminal, 25...Common terminal, 26...DC signal terminal,
27...Power terminal, 28...Common terminal, 32...
Relay adapter, A...Analog signal circuit part, B
...Digital signal circuit and power supply circuit part, C...
Relay circuit part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A vibration sensor that detects the vibration of a structure as an electrical signal, an amplifier circuit that amplifies the electrical signal, an integration circuit that integrates the amplified electrical signal, and a detector that detects the integrated electrical signal. An analog signal circuit such as a detection circuit, an A/D conversion circuit that converts the analog signal from the analog signal circuit into a digital signal, a drive circuit that converts the digital signal into a vibration level, and a drive circuit that converts the digital signal into a vibration level. In a vibration monitoring meter that includes a digital signal circuit such as a display circuit that digitally displays the signal, and a power supply circuit that includes an operating power source for the analog signal circuit and the digital signal circuit, a power operation switch, etc., the analog signal circuit portion and the digital signal The circuit and the power supply circuit portion are configured separately in separate cases, and the analog signal circuit portion and the digital signal circuit and power supply circuit portion are provided with a signal terminal and a power source for connecting these parts to each other. Terminals are respectively provided, and a relay adapter is provided which has signal terminals and power supply terminals respectively corresponding to the signal terminals and power supply terminals of the two parts, and electrically connects these two parts to each other and integrally couples them. Characteristic vibration monitoring meter. 2. In the vibration monitoring meter according to claim 1, the case of the analog signal circuit part or the case of the digital signal circuit and power supply circuit part can be rotated 90 degrees with respect to the relay adapter and connected to the vibration monitor. Monitoring meter. 3. In the vibration monitoring meter according to claim 1, the connecting surface of the digital signal circuit and power supply circuit portion of the relay adapter with the case is inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the connecting surface of the analog signal circuit portion with the case. Vibration monitoring meter.