JPH0534530B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0534530B2 JPH0534530B2 JP60242911A JP24291185A JPH0534530B2 JP H0534530 B2 JPH0534530 B2 JP H0534530B2 JP 60242911 A JP60242911 A JP 60242911A JP 24291185 A JP24291185 A JP 24291185A JP H0534530 B2 JPH0534530 B2 JP H0534530B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- friction
- friction material
- paper
- inorganic filler
- filler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明はクラツチの摩擦材で、特に抄造機によ
り抄紙されるペーパーベース(基材)を使つた湿
式摩擦材に関するものである。
〔従来の技術〕
従来より、自動車をはじめとする各種動力機械
のクラツチの摩擦材で、油液中で使用される、い
わゆる湿式摩擦材は抄造機により抄紙される基材
が使われている。例えば特開昭57−76076号公報
には、基材を構成する繊維として有機質繊維を含
み、摩擦性能を向上させるための無機充填材が混
入され、熱硬化性樹脂で固められた摩擦材が開示
されている。この摩擦材は保油力がよいので、湿
式摩擦材として適しているが、有機質を含み耐熱
性に乏しいため乾燥状態で使用される摩擦材(乾
式摩擦材)には適さない。一般に無機質と熱硬化
性樹脂との接着強度は弱い。そのため同公報に開
示された摩擦材は、無機充填材と樹脂と接着が不
充分であり、機械的な破壊に弱いし、また使用中
に無機充填材が剥げ落ちてきて油液中に混入する
ということもあつた。
一方、特開昭56−69244号、特開昭57−83575号
公報には、ガラス繊維などの無機質繊維とゴムお
よびその他の樹脂からなる摩擦材が開示されてい
る。この摩擦材は耐熱性に優れ、乾式摩擦材に適
している。またガラス繊維がカツプリング処理さ
れているため、繊維とゴムおよびその他の樹脂と
の接着力が強く機械強度も強い。しかし保油力が
乏しいため湿式摩擦材には適さない。また摩擦材
の基材を製造するにあたり抄造機で抄紙するとい
うような簡便な製造法が採れないため、量産性が
なく高価なものとなつてしまう。
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
本発明は、上記した従来の摩擦材を改良するも
ので、機械的強度が強く、無機充填材が剥げ落ち
ることがなく、油保有力のよい湿式摩耗材を安価
に提供しようとするものである。
〔問題点を解決するための手段〕
上記の問題点を解決するための本発明を適用す
る湿式摩擦材は、有機質繊維を含む繊維成分と、
無機充填材を含む充填材とを混合して抄紙した基
材に、熱硬化性樹脂を含浸し、硬化させた湿式摩
擦材において、該無機充填材が、その重量に対し
0.1〜5.0重量%のシランカツプリング剤で抄紙に
先立つてカツプリング処理されており、熱硬化性
樹脂に結合している。
有機繊維は例えばリンタ、クラフトパルプ、麻
などで太さが4デニール以下、長さ0.5〜10mm程
度である。なお繊維質中に無機繊維を混入しても
よい。摩擦性能を向上させるための無機充填材
は、例えばシリカ、クレイ、ウオラストナイト、
マイカ、タルク、珪藻土、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸
マグネシウムを単数または複数組合せて充填す
る。これらの無機充填材をカツプリング処理する
シランカツプリング剤は一般式R′Si(OR)3で表わ
される。2種の反応性基−R′と−ORを持つてい
る。−R′は有機反応基(例えばアミノ基、メルカ
プト基、メタクリロキシ基、ビニル基、エポキシ
基)を示し、ポリマーと反応する。シラン分子の
他の置換基−ORは加水分解性のアルコキシ基を
示す。なお無機充填材にカシユーダスト、グラフ
アイトなどの有機充填材を混入してもよい。また
熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えばフエノール樹脂、
エポキシ樹脂、メラミン樹脂などが使用される。
湿式摩擦材の製造法は特に限定されるものでは
ないが、例えば以下のような手順でなされる。無
機充填材を撹拌しながらそこに所定量のシランカ
ツプリング剤をスプレイにより吹付ける(乾式
法)。繊維を叩解して得た叩解液に、この無機充
填材および必要に応じ有機質充填材を加えよく撹
拌混合する。その混合液を抄紙液として長網式ま
たは丸網式など通常の抄紙機により湿式抄紙がさ
れ、摩擦材の基材が得られる。この基材に熱硬化
性樹脂を含浸させ風乾した後、加熱硬化させ、摩
擦材が造られる。なお無機充填材とシランカツプ
リング剤を混入したスラリー(湿式法)を有機充
填材が混入されている繊維叩解液に混合して抄紙
液にしてもよいし、シランカツプリング剤と無機
充填材と有機充填材と叩解繊維を同時に水に加え
混合し(インテグラルブレンド法)抄紙液にして
もよい。
〔作用〕
シランカツプリング剤は、無機充填材の表面に
存在する水分により、アルコキシ基が加水分解さ
れ、シラノールが生成し、無機充填材の表面とシ
ランカツプリング剤とが結合する。シランカツプ
リング剤は、熱硬化性樹脂との接着性がよく、結
果的に、熱硬化性樹脂と無機充填材との接着性を
向上させ、充填材の補強効果を著しく高める。そ
のため破壊強度が向上する。
一方、基材に有機繊維を使用しているから、油
保有力がよい。
〔実施例〕
以下、本発明の実施例を詳細に説明する。
第1図には摩擦材を丸網式抄紙機で製造する工
程の実施例が示してある。繊維の叩解液に、所定
の重量比のシランカツプリング剤で処理した無機
充填材および有機充填材を加えよく撹拌混合す
る。その混合液を抄紙槽1に入れ、丸網シリンダ
2、無終端フエルトベルト3、クーチロール4に
より常法による抄紙がなされる。抄紙された紙材
5は矢示方向に進みプレスロール7aと7bに挾
まれて加圧され、ドライヤーロール8で乾燥され
る。その後、サイズロール9a,9bでサイジン
グ加工されてから巻取りリール10に巻取られ
る。この紙材を所定の輪状に打抜き、熱硬化性樹
脂を含浸させ風乾した後、加熱硬化させ、摩擦材
が造られる。第2図に示すように、上記により造
られた摩擦材11を芯金12の両面に貼合わせ
て、湿式クラツチのフリクシヨンプレートにな
る。
次に無機充填材に対するシランカツプリング剤
の配合比を種々変えた場合の摩擦材の性能を比較
する。表1は繊維およびその他の原料の配合比、
表2はその配合比による摩擦材の性能を比較して
ある。各表中のNo.1、No.2、No.3、No.4、No.5、
No.6、No.7は本発明を適用した実施例である。ま
たNo.8、No.9、No.10は本発明を適用外の比較例で
ある。なお、表3に性能評価のための参考データ
を記載しておく。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a friction material for clutches, and particularly to a wet friction material using a paper base (substrate) made by a paper making machine. [Prior Art] Conventionally, so-called wet friction materials, which are used in oil solution as friction materials for clutches of various types of power machinery such as automobiles, have been made from base materials that are made into paper using a paper-making machine. For example, JP-A-57-76076 discloses a friction material that contains organic fibers as fibers constituting the base material, is mixed with an inorganic filler to improve friction performance, and is hardened with a thermosetting resin. has been done. This friction material has good oil-holding ability and is suitable as a wet friction material, but it is not suitable as a friction material used in a dry state (dry friction material) because it contains organic matter and has poor heat resistance. Generally, the adhesive strength between an inorganic substance and a thermosetting resin is weak. Therefore, the friction material disclosed in the same publication has insufficient adhesion between the inorganic filler and the resin, making it vulnerable to mechanical damage, and the inorganic filler peeling off during use and contaminating the oil solution. That was also the case. On the other hand, JP-A-56-69244 and JP-A-57-83575 disclose friction materials made of inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, rubber, and other resins. This friction material has excellent heat resistance and is suitable as a dry friction material. Furthermore, since the glass fibers are subjected to coupling treatment, the adhesive strength between the fibers and rubber and other resins is strong, and the mechanical strength is also strong. However, it is not suitable for wet friction materials because of its poor oil retention ability. Furthermore, when manufacturing the base material of the friction material, it is not possible to use a simple manufacturing method such as making paper using a paper making machine, so the material is not mass-producible and becomes expensive. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention improves the conventional friction material described above, and provides a wet wear material with strong mechanical strength, inorganic filler that does not peel off, and good oil retention ability. The aim is to provide this at a low price. [Means for Solving the Problems] A wet friction material to which the present invention is applied to solve the above problems includes a fiber component containing organic fibers,
A wet friction material in which a base material made of paper by mixing a filler containing an inorganic filler is impregnated with a thermosetting resin and cured.
The paper is coupled with 0.1-5.0% by weight of a silane coupling agent prior to paper making, and bonded to the thermosetting resin. The organic fiber is, for example, linta, kraft pulp, hemp, etc., and has a thickness of 4 deniers or less and a length of about 0.5 to 10 mm. Note that inorganic fibers may be mixed into the fibrous material. Inorganic fillers for improving friction performance include silica, clay, wollastonite,
Filled with one or more combinations of mica, talc, diatomaceous earth, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate. Silane coupling agents for coupling these inorganic fillers are represented by the general formula R'Si(OR) 3 . It has two reactive groups -R' and -OR. -R' represents an organic reactive group (eg, amino group, mercapto group, methacryloxy group, vinyl group, epoxy group) and reacts with the polymer. The other substituent -OR of the silane molecule represents a hydrolyzable alkoxy group. Note that an organic filler such as cashew dust or graphite may be mixed with the inorganic filler. Examples of thermosetting resins include phenol resin,
Epoxy resin, melamine resin, etc. are used. The method for manufacturing the wet friction material is not particularly limited, but may be performed, for example, by the following procedure. A predetermined amount of silane coupling agent is sprayed onto the inorganic filler while stirring it (dry method). This inorganic filler and, if necessary, an organic filler are added to the beating liquid obtained by beating the fibers, and the mixture is thoroughly stirred and mixed. The mixed liquid is used as a papermaking liquid to perform wet paper making using a conventional paper machine such as a Fourdrinier type or a circular wire type, to obtain a base material for a friction material. This base material is impregnated with a thermosetting resin, air-dried, and then heated and cured to produce a friction material. Note that a slurry containing an inorganic filler and a silane coupling agent (wet method) may be mixed with a fiber beating solution containing an organic filler to make a papermaking solution, or a slurry containing an inorganic filler and a silane coupling agent may be mixed with a fiber beating solution containing an organic filler. The organic filler and beaten fibers may be added to water at the same time and mixed (integral blending method) to form a papermaking liquid. [Function] In the silane coupling agent, an alkoxy group is hydrolyzed by moisture present on the surface of the inorganic filler, silanol is generated, and the surface of the inorganic filler and the silane coupling agent are bonded. The silane coupling agent has good adhesion with the thermosetting resin, and as a result, improves the adhesion between the thermosetting resin and the inorganic filler, and significantly enhances the reinforcing effect of the filler. Therefore, the breaking strength is improved. On the other hand, since organic fiber is used as the base material, it has good oil holding power. [Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 shows an example of a process for manufacturing a friction material using a circular wire paper machine. An inorganic filler and an organic filler treated with a silane coupling agent at a predetermined weight ratio are added to the fiber beating solution, and the mixture is thoroughly stirred and mixed. The mixed liquid is put into a papermaking tank 1, and paper is made by a conventional method using a circular mesh cylinder 2, an endless felt belt 3, and a couch roll 4. The paper material 5 that has been made advances in the direction of the arrow, is sandwiched between press rolls 7a and 7b, is pressurized, and is dried by a dryer roll 8. Thereafter, it is sized using size rolls 9a and 9b, and then wound onto a take-up reel 10. This paper material is punched out into a predetermined ring shape, impregnated with a thermosetting resin, air-dried, and then heated and cured to produce a friction material. As shown in FIG. 2, the friction material 11 produced as described above is pasted on both sides of the core bar 12 to form a friction plate for a wet clutch. Next, we will compare the performance of friction materials when the blending ratio of the silane coupling agent to the inorganic filler is varied. Table 1 shows the blending ratio of fibers and other raw materials,
Table 2 compares the performance of friction materials depending on their compounding ratios. No.1, No.2, No.3, No.4, No.5 in each table,
No. 6 and No. 7 are examples to which the present invention is applied. Moreover, No. 8, No. 9, and No. 10 are comparative examples to which the present invention is not applied. Note that reference data for performance evaluation is listed in Table 3.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
表2の性能試験は下記の条件でなされた。なお
下記のSAE No.2摩擦試験機は、摩擦材を荷重
しながら押し付けて慣性回転している摩擦面を制
動停止させ、各性能を調べるものである。
注1 摩擦特性(SAE No.2摩擦試験機による)
摩擦面:4 イナーシヤ:2.5Kg・cm・sec2
回転数:3600rpm 荷重:7.2Kg・cm-2
油温:120 ±5℃ 1000〜2000サイクル時
単位 :μd
注2 耐摩耗性(SAE No.2摩擦試験機による)
摩擦面:2 イナーシヤ:2.5Kg・cm・sec2
回転数:3600rpm 荷重:12.3Kg・cm-2
油温:120 ±5℃ 2000サイクル時
単位:mm(摩耗量)
注3 耐熱性 上記注2と同じ試験条件
単位:劣化までのサイクル
注4 破壊強度(ストローキング試験による)
荷重:57Kg・cm-2 加圧:2sec 非加圧:
28sec
油温:120±5℃
単位:破壊までの(×104)サイクル
〔発明の効果〕
以上説明したように、本発明を適用する摩擦材
は摩擦性能を向上させるために配合されている無
機充填材と熱硬化性樹脂とがよく接着している。
そのため破壊強度が向上する。また無機充填材が
剥げ落ちることがないので、油液中で使用した場
合でも、油を清浄に保つことができる。基材とし
て有機繊維を使用しているから、油保有力がよく
湿式摩擦材としてよい性能が得られる。また摩擦
材の基材が抄造機で抄紙するというような簡便な
製造法が採れるため、量産性があり、安価に製造
できることになる。[Table] The performance tests shown in Table 2 were conducted under the following conditions. The SAE No. 2 friction tester shown below is used to test each performance by pressing a friction material under load and stopping the friction surface rotating due to inertia. Note 1 Friction characteristics (according to SAE No. 2 friction tester) Friction surface: 4 Inertia: 2.5Kg・cm・sec 2 Number of rotations: 3600rpm Load: 7.2Kg・cm -2 Oil temperature: 120 ±5℃ 1000 to 2000 cycles Time Unit: μd Note 2 Wear resistance (by SAE No. 2 friction tester) Friction surface: 2 Inertia: 2.5Kg・cm・sec 2 Rotation speed: 3600rpm Load: 12.3Kg・cm -2 Oil temperature: 120 ±5 ℃ At 2000 cycles Unit: mm (amount of wear) Note 3 Heat resistance Same test conditions as Note 2 above Unit: Cycles until deterioration Note 4 Breaking strength (by stroking test) Load: 57Kg・cm -2 Pressure: 2sec Non Pressurization:
28sec Oil temperature: 120±5℃ Unit: (×10 4 ) cycles until failure [Effects of the invention] As explained above, the friction material to which the present invention is applied is an inorganic material blended to improve friction performance. The filler and thermosetting resin are well bonded.
Therefore, the breaking strength is improved. Furthermore, since the inorganic filler does not peel off, the oil can be kept clean even when used in oil. Since organic fiber is used as the base material, it has good oil holding power and provides good performance as a wet friction material. Furthermore, since the base material of the friction material can be manufactured using a simple manufacturing method such as paper-making using a paper-making machine, it can be mass-produced and manufactured at low cost.
第1図は本発明を適用する摩擦材の製造工程を
説明する図、第2図は摩擦材を用いたフリクシヨ
ンプレートの分解斜視図である。
1……抄紙槽、2……丸網シリンダ、3……無
終端フエルトベルト、4……クーチロール、5…
…紙材、7a,7b……プレスロール、8……ド
ライヤーロール、9a,9b……サイズロール、
10……巻取りリール、11……摩擦材、12…
…芯金。
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the manufacturing process of a friction material to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a friction plate using the friction material. 1...Paper making tank, 2...Circle cylinder, 3...Endless felt belt, 4...Couch roll, 5...
... Paper material, 7a, 7b ... Press roll, 8 ... Dryer roll, 9a, 9b ... Size roll,
10... Take-up reel, 11... Friction material, 12...
... Core metal.
Claims (1)
含む充填材とを混合して抄紙した基材に、熱硬化
性樹脂を含浸し、硬化させた湿式摩擦材におい
て、該無機充填材が、その重量に対し0.1〜5.0重
量%のシランカツプリング剤で抄紙に先立つてカ
ツプリング処理されており、熱硬化性樹脂に結合
していることを特徴とする湿式摩擦材。1. A wet friction material in which a base material made of paper by mixing a fiber component containing organic fibers and a filler containing an inorganic filler is impregnated with a thermosetting resin and cured. A wet friction material characterized by being subjected to coupling treatment with a silane coupling agent of 0.1 to 5.0% by weight prior to paper making, and bonded to a thermosetting resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24291185A JPS62104889A (en) | 1985-10-31 | 1985-10-31 | Wet friction material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24291185A JPS62104889A (en) | 1985-10-31 | 1985-10-31 | Wet friction material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62104889A JPS62104889A (en) | 1987-05-15 |
| JPH0534530B2 true JPH0534530B2 (en) | 1993-05-24 |
Family
ID=17096044
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24291185A Granted JPS62104889A (en) | 1985-10-31 | 1985-10-31 | Wet friction material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62104889A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000145849A (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 2000-05-26 | Nsk Warner Kk | Wet friction material |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6447320A (en) * | 1987-08-14 | 1989-02-21 | Nippon Steel Chemical Co | Material of culture medium for plant |
| JP2680029B2 (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1997-11-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Thermosetting resin composition |
| JP5851185B2 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 日清紡ブレーキ株式会社 | Friction material |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5980539A (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1984-05-10 | Aisin Chem Co Ltd | Wet friction material |
-
1985
- 1985-10-31 JP JP24291185A patent/JPS62104889A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000145849A (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 2000-05-26 | Nsk Warner Kk | Wet friction material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62104889A (en) | 1987-05-15 |
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