JPH0542780B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0542780B2 JPH0542780B2 JP60127538A JP12753885A JPH0542780B2 JP H0542780 B2 JPH0542780 B2 JP H0542780B2 JP 60127538 A JP60127538 A JP 60127538A JP 12753885 A JP12753885 A JP 12753885A JP H0542780 B2 JPH0542780 B2 JP H0542780B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- battery
- electrode layer
- unit cell
- raw material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は熱電池用素電池の製造方法に関するも
ので、組立てが容易で、活性化時における電圧立
上り特性の優れた熱電池用素電池を提供するもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a unit cell for a thermal battery, and provides a unit cell for a thermal battery that is easy to assemble and has excellent voltage rise characteristics upon activation. It is something.
従来の技術
熱電池は溶融塩を電解質に用いており、常温で
は電流を取出すことが出来ないが、使用時に高温
に加熱して活性化すると、電解質が溶融して極め
て高い導電性を示すようになり、大電流での放電
が可能となる。このため、熱電池は未使用状態で
は自己放電がなく、長期間の保存が可能であり、
信頼性の高い緊急用高出力電源として優れた電池
である。特に、正極に二硫化鉄を用い、負極にリ
チウムもしくはリチウム合金を用いた熱電池は高
エネルギー密度であり、作動時においても自己放
電が少ないので、放電時間が１分以上の比較的長
時間用として開発が進められている。Conventional technology Thermal batteries use molten salt as an electrolyte, and although it is not possible to extract current at room temperature, when activated by heating to a high temperature during use, the electrolyte melts and exhibits extremely high conductivity. This makes it possible to discharge with a large current. For this reason, thermal batteries do not self-discharge when unused and can be stored for long periods of time.
This battery is excellent as a highly reliable, high-output power source for emergencies. In particular, thermal batteries that use iron disulfide for the positive electrode and lithium or lithium alloy for the negative electrode have a high energy density and have little self-discharge during operation, so they can be used for relatively long periods of time with a discharge time of 1 minute or more. Development is progressing as a.
発明が解決しようとする問題点
長時間用の熱電池は高容量であるために、厚い
電極が必要であり、負極原料粉末、電解質原料粉
末、正極原料粉末を夫々加工成形して、板状成形
体とした後、負極層と電解質層と正極層からなる
各板状成形体を一組として素電池とし、電池を作
動温度に加熱するための発熱剤と組合せて積層電
池が構成されている。Problems to be Solved by the Invention Since long-term thermal batteries have a high capacity, thick electrodes are required. After forming a battery, each plate-shaped molded body consisting of a negative electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a positive electrode layer is combined into a unit cell, and a stacked battery is constructed by combining with a heat generating agent for heating the battery to an operating temperature.
従来、このような長時間用の熱電池は、活性化
時の電圧の立上り特性が悪いという欠点があつ
た。即ち、発熱剤への点火により、熱電池は瞬時
に作動温度まで加熱されるが、電池電圧は瞬時に
は上昇しなかつた。これは溶融した電解質による
電極表面の濡れに遅れがあるためで、電極と電解
質との不充分な接触が電圧の立上り特性の悪化と
なつた。また、活性化時に電極層と電解質層との
間に気泡を生じ、その気泡の逃げが悪い場合は、
電圧の立上りは更に大きく遅れることになつた。 Conventionally, such long-term thermal batteries have had the disadvantage of poor voltage rise characteristics upon activation. That is, although the thermal battery was instantaneously heated to the operating temperature by igniting the exothermic agent, the battery voltage did not increase instantaneously. This is because there is a delay in wetting the electrode surface with the molten electrolyte, and insufficient contact between the electrode and the electrolyte deteriorates the voltage rise characteristics. In addition, if bubbles are generated between the electrode layer and the electrolyte layer during activation and the bubbles have difficulty escaping,
The voltage rise was delayed even further.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明は負極原料粉末と電解質原料粉末と正極
原料粉末とを、それぞれ加圧成形して板状成形体
とした後、これらを積層し、電解質の融点以上の
温度に加熱して三層一体に接合したことを特徴と
するものである。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention involves pressure-molding a negative electrode raw material powder, an electrolyte raw material powder, and a positive electrode raw material powder to form a plate-shaped compact, and then stacking these to form a plate-shaped body at a temperature higher than the melting point of the electrolyte. The feature is that the three layers are joined together by heating.
作 用
本発明によれば、素電池製造の段階で、各電極
層と電解質層とを高温に加熱して接合するため、
各電極層と電解質層とは、すでに充分な接触状態
にあり、電池活性化時における電極の濡れの遅れ
に起因する電圧の立上りの遅れが改善される。Effects According to the present invention, each electrode layer and electrolyte layer are heated to high temperature and bonded at the stage of unit cell manufacturing.
Each electrode layer and the electrolyte layer are already in a sufficient contact state, and the delay in voltage rise caused by the delay in electrode wetting during battery activation is improved.
実施例
第１図は本発明を実施した熱電池用素電池の断
面図である。図において１は負極層であり、リチ
ウム−アルミニウム合金やリチウム−シリコン合
金、リチウム−ホウ素合金等が用いられる。２は
電解質層であり、MgOやY2O3等のセラミツク粉
末で流動性を低下させた溶融塩電解質が用いられ
る。３は正極層であり、金属の酸化物や硫化物を
主成分とするものである。本発明における素電池
は各原料粉末をそれぞれ加圧成形して円板状成形
体とした後、これらを積層し、電解質の融点以上
の温度に加熱して、負極層と電解質層２と正極層
３との三層を一体に接合したものである。Embodiment FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a unit cell for a thermal battery in which the present invention is implemented. In the figure, 1 is a negative electrode layer, and lithium-aluminum alloy, lithium-silicon alloy, lithium-boron alloy, etc. are used. 2 is an electrolyte layer, and a molten salt electrolyte whose fluidity is reduced with ceramic powder such as MgO or Y 2 O 3 is used. 3 is a positive electrode layer, which is mainly composed of metal oxides and sulfides. In the unit cell of the present invention, each raw material powder is press-molded to form a disc-shaped compact, and then these are laminated and heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the electrolyte to form a negative electrode layer, an electrolyte layer 2, and a positive electrode layer. The three layers of 3 are joined together.
第２図は素電池を積層した熱電池の断面図であ
る。図において、４は積層された複数個の素電池
であり、５は素電池４と交互に積層された発熱剤
である。６は負極端子、７は正極端子である。８
は点火具であり、点火用端子９に瞬間電流を流す
と点火具８が発火し、発熱剤５に着火して電池が
活性化される。１０は電池を保温するための断熱
剤、１１は電池容器である。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal battery in which unit cells are stacked. In the figure, 4 is a plurality of stacked unit cells, and 5 is a heat generating agent stacked alternately with the unit cells 4. 6 is a negative terminal, and 7 is a positive terminal. 8
is an igniter, and when an instantaneous current is passed through the ignition terminal 9, the igniter 8 ignites, ignites the exothermic agent 5, and activates the battery. 10 is a heat insulating agent for keeping the battery warm, and 11 is a battery container.
次に、本発明素電池の製造方法の具体例につい
て説明する。 Next, a specific example of the method for manufacturing the unit cell of the present invention will be described.
負極層としてリチウム−アルミニウム合金粉末
20ｇを1t／cm2のプレス圧で加圧成形して直径54
mm、厚さ0.8mmの円板状成形体とした。また電解
質層として、LiCl−KCl共晶塩とMgO粉末との
混合物3.0ｇを加圧成形して直径54mm、厚さ0.75
mmの円板状成形体とした。同様に正極層として
FeS2とLiCl−KCl共晶塩とSiO2とからなる混合
粉末4.5ｇを加圧成形して直径54mm、厚さ0.85mm
の円板状成形体とした。次いでこれら各円板状成
形体を、電解質層を中間にして三層に積層し、
450℃に加熱した２枚の熱板の間に１分間保持し、
三層を一体に接合させた。 Lithium-aluminum alloy powder as negative electrode layer
Pressure mold 20g with a press pressure of 1t/cm 2 to make a diameter of 54.
A disk-shaped molded body with a thickness of 0.8 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm was obtained. In addition, as an electrolyte layer, 3.0 g of a mixture of LiCl-KCl eutectic salt and MgO powder was press-molded to a diameter of 54 mm and a thickness of 0.75 mm.
It was made into a disc-shaped molded body of mm. Similarly as a positive electrode layer
4.5g of mixed powder consisting of FeS 2 , LiCl-KCl eutectic salt, and SiO 2 was press-molded to form a product with a diameter of 54mm and a thickness of 0.85mm.
A disk-shaped molded body was obtained. Next, these disc-shaped molded bodies were laminated into three layers with an electrolyte layer in the middle,
Hold for 1 minute between two hot plates heated to 450℃,
The three layers were joined together.
このようにして製造した素電池を16個使用して
積層電池を構成し、−35℃のもとで活性化させた
ところ、端子電圧が30Vに達するのに要した時間
は0.4秒であつた。一方、正極層と電解質層と負
極層とが予め一体化されていない従来電池は、電
極層と電解質層との接触が充分でなく、活性化
後、端子電圧が30Vに達するのに0.6秒を要した。 When a stacked battery was constructed using 16 unit cells manufactured in this way and activated at -35°C, the time required for the terminal voltage to reach 30V was 0.4 seconds. . On the other hand, in conventional batteries in which the positive electrode layer, electrolyte layer, and negative electrode layer are not integrated in advance, the contact between the electrode layer and the electrolyte layer is insufficient, and it takes 0.6 seconds for the terminal voltage to reach 30V after activation. It took.
発明の効果
本発明によれば、製造の段階で各電極層と電解
質層とを高温に加熱して接合するために、各電極
層と電解質層とは充分な接触状態にあり、電池活
性化時における電極の濡れに起因する電圧の立上
りの遅れが改善された。また、本発明により得ら
れる素電池は、既に三層が一体に接合されている
ため、積層電池組立時の積層数が少なくなり、組
立が容易である。Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, since each electrode layer and electrolyte layer are heated to high temperature and bonded at the manufacturing stage, each electrode layer and electrolyte layer are in a sufficient contact state, and when the battery is activated. The delay in voltage rise caused by electrode wetting has been improved. Furthermore, since the unit cell obtained by the present invention has three layers already joined together, the number of layers to be laminated when assembling the stacked battery is reduced, and assembly is easy.
第１図は本発明方法により製造した素電池の断
面図、第２図は前記素電池を用いて構成した積層
電池の断面図である。
１……負極層、２……電解質層、３……正極
層。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a unit cell manufactured by the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a stacked battery constructed using the unit cell. 1... Negative electrode layer, 2... Electrolyte layer, 3... Positive electrode layer.
Claims (1)
末とをそれぞれ加圧成型して板状成形体とした
後、これらを積層し、電解質の融点以上の温度に
加圧して、三層一体に接合したことを特徴とする
熱電池用素電池の製造方法。1 The negative electrode raw material powder, the electrolyte raw material powder, and the positive electrode raw material powder were each pressure-molded to form a plate-shaped compact, and then these were laminated and pressed to a temperature higher than the melting point of the electrolyte to join the three layers together. A method for manufacturing a unit cell for a thermal battery, characterized by the following.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60127538A JPS61285671A (en) | 1985-06-11 | 1985-06-11 | Manufacture of cell unit for thermal cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60127538A JPS61285671A (en) | 1985-06-11 | 1985-06-11 | Manufacture of cell unit for thermal cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61285671A JPS61285671A (en) | 1986-12-16 |
| JPH0542780B2 true JPH0542780B2 (en) | 1993-06-29 |
Family
ID=14962488
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60127538A Granted JPS61285671A (en) | 1985-06-11 | 1985-06-11 | Manufacture of cell unit for thermal cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61285671A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109585778A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-04-05 | 安徽正熹标王新能源有限公司 | A method of preparing thermal cell combination pole piece |
| CN109817882B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2022-03-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 | A thermal battery lithium boron alloy negative electrode assembly and preparation method thereof |
-
1985
- 1985-06-11 JP JP60127538A patent/JPS61285671A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61285671A (en) | 1986-12-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPH0542780B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0740489B2 (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JPS59169074A (en) | Thermal cell | |
| JPH0326911B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0542781B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0745885Y2 (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JPH03673Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0535576Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0326912B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0320023B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0312223Y2 (en) | ||
| JPS58121565A (en) | Layer-built type thermobattery | |
| JPH0234760Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0234763Y2 (en) | ||
| JP2537043Y2 (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JPH0782860B2 (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JPS62126561A (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JP3185303B2 (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JPH0312222Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0782859B2 (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JP3478307B2 (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JPH0234761Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH0782861B2 (en) | Thermal battery | |
| JPH0243310B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0763018B2 (en) | Thermal battery |