JPH0543247B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a rail tread surface unevenness measuring device that measures minute irregularities caused by wear on a rail tread surface.

[Prior Art] The rails that make up railway tracks are subject to gradual and average wear due to the constant passage of trains.
It is clear that irregularities occur on the upper surface of the rail (hereinafter referred to as the rail tread), such as minute irregularities due to deformation and wear of the rail at the rail welds of long rails, and that this affects wheel load fluctuations and noise generation of vehicles. It's getting old. Therefore, the unevenness of the rail tread is measured and, if necessary, the rail tread is ground. Measuring the unevenness of the rail tread requires a resolution of about 10 microns over a length of about 2 m.

Conventionally, there is a rail tread measuring device 40 shown in FIG. 4 as a device for measuring the unevenness of a rail tread. In Figure a, the reference beam 41 is made of steel and has a length of 1 to 2 m, and is attached to the rail 1 by means of fixtures 42 provided at both ends thereof. A detector 43 shown in FIG. The curve is recorded.

Disadvantages of such mechanical measuring instruments include the accuracy of the detection roller, the difficulty in understanding and correcting errors caused by deflection and deformation of the reference beam, the need for a long beam, which is heavy, and manual handling, which is inconvenient. It is.

[Purpose of the Invention] This invention replaces the conventional mechanical rail tread measuring device by using an electronic detection method to improve the predetermined accuracy, and by using a self-propelled motor-based moving method to make handling convenient. The purpose is to provide a measuring device.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the present invention, a laser beam is used as a reference line instead of a conventional beam. This eliminates errors due to bending or deformation, and it is also lightweight.

Next, to detect irregularities, a detector called a gap sensor is used, which measures the spacing by changes in capacitance. This gap sensor is attached to the body of a motor-driven self-propelled vehicle. During measurement, vibrations may occur in the vehicle body due to movement or running, and the position of the gap sensor may be displaced with respect to the rail, causing errors. This is corrected by referring to the reference line created by the laser beam, and the true unevenness of the rail tread is accurately measured.

In order to correlate the measured data with the position of the rail tread, an encoder is directly connected to the axle to measure the rotation angle, and from this the distance traveled is determined.

Each data obtained in the above manner is processed by a microcomputer and recorded by a recorder.

[Example] Figures 1a and 1b are structural diagrams of a detection vehicle body 8 equipped with a detector of a rail tread measuring device according to the present invention.
Figure a is a sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to the rail, and Figure b is a plan view. The vehicle body has two axes and four wheels, and the rotational force of the motor 5 is transmitted to the driving wheels 3 via the gear 6, so that the vehicle can run on its own.
Guide rollers 7 are used to support the vehicle body so that the vehicle body does not come off the rails 1 and can be measured stably. A rotary encoder 9 is attached to the axle of the running wheel 4 via a suitable gear to measure the distance traveled.

A gap sensor 10 is fixed to the center of a floor plate 2a connecting two bogie frames 2, and measures the distance between its lower surface and the rail tread surface. Its accuracy is on the order of microns. As shown in FIG. b, the image sensor 11 is provided at a position where it receives a reference laser beam 24 from a reference section 20, which will be described below.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the detection vehicle body 8 and the reference setting section 20 in the rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to the present invention are attached to the rail 1.
is detachably fixed to one end of the rail 1 to be measured. In the standard setting section 20, the laser quality 21
The laser beam is made into a parallel beam by a commutating lens 22, and further narrowed by a slit 23, and is used as a reference laser beam 24. What is important in this case is that the reference laser beam 24 and the rail 1 are correctly aligned in parallel, which is adjusted by the image sensor 11.

FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the detected vehicle body 8, a signal processing section 30, etc. that processes detected data.

The output signal of the gap sensor 10 is digitized by the A/D converter 32, and the level of the output signal of the image sensor 11 is adjusted by the amplifier 12, and each is input to the microcomputer 31. From these signals, data on the distance between the gap sensor 10 and the rail tread and data on fluctuations in the vehicle body position relative to the reference laser beam 24 are obtained, and the latter is used to correct the former. That is, these differences are calculated and output as representing the true unevenness of the rail tread surface. At the same time, the data signal of the rotation angle of the axle obtained by the rotary encoder 9 is taken into the microcomputer 31, converted into the moving distance of the vehicle body, and is recorded in the recorder 34 together with data on the unevenness. In addition, as a power source for each part, a DC power supply section 3 is used.
3 is provided.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, if the rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to the present invention is used, it is not only convenient to handle because it is a self-propelled system compared to the conventional manual method, but also easy to move. Even if vibration occurs in the vehicle body,
Since the correction is performed using an accurate reference line using a laser beam, the error is small, and when combined with the interval measurement using a gap sensor, it is possible to measure irregularities with much higher precision than before.

By using such a device to measure the unevenness of the rail tread surface, efficient rail management can be achieved, and the effects are significant.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1A and 1B are structural diagrams of a detection vehicle body of the tread unevenness measuring device according to the present invention, where FIG. 1A is a sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to the rail, and FIG. 1B is a plan view. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the detection vehicle body and the reference setting unit mounted on the rail in the rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to the present invention, and FIG. The block diagram and FIGS. 4a and 4b are external views showing the structure of a conventional rail tread measuring device. 1...Rail, 2...Bogie frame, 2a...Floor plate, 3
...driving wheel, 4... running wheel, 5... motor,
6... Gear mechanism, 7... Guide roller, 8... Detection vehicle body, 9... Rotary encoder, 10...
Gap sensor, 11...Image sensor, 12
... Amplifier, 20 ... Reference setting section, 21 ... Laser tube, 22 ... Collimating lens, 23 ... Slit, 24 ... Reference laser beam, 30 ... Signal processing section, 31 ... Microcomputer, 32 ...
...A/D converter, 33...DC power supply section, 34...
Recorder, 40... Rail tread measuring device, 41... Reference beam, 42... Mounting tool, 43... Detector, 44...
...Detection roller, 45...Recording needle, 46...Roll paper.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reference setting unit fixed to the rail and having means for setting a reference laser beam of a height at a position at a constant height from the rail tread, and a trolley that can run on the rail by itself. , a detection vehicle body comprising means for detecting the height of the bogie relative to the rail tread, means for detecting the amount of change in height by receiving a reference laser beam, and means for detecting the distance traveled by the bogie; and the rail tread. It consists of a signal processing unit and a recorder that calculates the amount of unevenness of the rail tread from the detected data of the height of the bogie relative to the reference laser beam and the detected data of the height of the bogie relative to the reference laser beam, and outputs it along with the position data on the rail. A rail tread surface unevenness measuring device characterized by: 2. The rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to claim 1, which has the reference setting section consisting of a laser tube, a collimating lens, and a slit. 3. The travel distance of the trolley can be calculated from the rotation angle.
The rail tread surface unevenness measuring device according to claim 1, comprising the detection vehicle body provided with a rotary encoder directly connected to the axle.