JPH0545173B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0545173B2 JPH0545173B2 JP21550786A JP21550786A JPH0545173B2 JP H0545173 B2 JPH0545173 B2 JP H0545173B2 JP 21550786 A JP21550786 A JP 21550786A JP 21550786 A JP21550786 A JP 21550786A JP H0545173 B2 JPH0545173 B2 JP H0545173B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- pressure
- pressurizing
- consolidation
- level gauge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
この発明は、土試料の圧密透水試験装置に関す
るものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a consolidation permeability testing device for soil samples.
「従来の技術、発明が解決せんとする問題点」
一般に、建物基礎の設計等において粘性土層の
圧密が問題となる。``Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention'' In general, consolidation of cohesive soil layers is a problem in designing building foundations, etc.
ところで、従来のJIS規格の標準圧密試験法に
よれば、荷重の載荷に伴う土試料の収縮量のみを
求め、透水係数は収縮量の経時的変化から逆算し
て定めるようになつているが、得られる値にはバ
ラツキが多く、正確な透水係数を定め得ないと共
に、特に過圧密状態の透水係数は定め難い欠点が
ある。 By the way, according to the conventional JIS standard consolidation test method, only the amount of shrinkage of the soil sample due to loading is determined, and the permeability coefficient is determined by back-calculating from the change in the amount of shrinkage over time. The obtained values vary widely, making it impossible to determine an accurate hydraulic conductivity, and it is particularly difficult to determine the hydraulic conductivity in an overconsolidated state.
また、建物の荷重による部分的地盤の圧密は、
単に荷重による土の収縮の経時的変化だけでは正
確な挙動を知ることができないため、最近地盤の
圧密及び膨潤状態を解析する方法として、有限要
素法が用いられるようになつてきた。そして、こ
の有限要素法を用いる場合には圧密速度にかかわ
る条件として圧密係数ではなく、構造骨格の変形
特性と透水係数とを独立に用いる必要がある。 In addition, partial ground consolidation due to building loads is
Since it is not possible to accurately determine the behavior of soil simply by observing changes over time in the contraction of soil due to loading, the finite element method has recently come to be used as a method for analyzing the consolidation and swelling state of the soil. When using this finite element method, it is necessary to independently use the deformation characteristics of the structural skeleton and the permeability coefficient, rather than the consolidation coefficient, as conditions related to the consolidation rate.
そこで、変水位透水試験装置を利用してこれに
よつて得た土試料の荷重による伸縮量と、排水量
の経時的変化から透水係数を算出する方法も最近
採用されつつあるが、このための装置として従
来、圧密リング内に土の供試体を入れ、その上下
に濾過板を配して加圧板により供試体を加圧し、
その収縮量を計測すると共に、スタンドパイプか
ら試料の下面に水を導入し、加圧体上方に排出さ
れた水の量を水位計により計測するようにした透
水試験装置も知られている。 Therefore, a method of calculating the permeability coefficient from the amount of expansion and contraction due to the load of the soil sample obtained using a variable water level permeability test device and the change in drainage volume over time has recently been adopted, but the device for this purpose is Conventionally, a soil specimen is placed in a consolidation ring, filter plates are placed above and below it, and the specimen is pressurized by a pressure plate.
A water permeability test device is also known that measures the amount of contraction and also introduces water from a standpipe to the lower surface of the sample and measures the amount of water discharged above the pressurizing body using a water level gauge.
しかしながら、この透水試験装置においては収
縮量の計測時には土試料の下面から濾過板を介し
て水を排水しながら試験を行い、また透水試験の
排水量の計測時には土試料の下面から濾過板を介
して水を加圧板の上方に排水しながら試験を行う
必要上、ある載荷荷重において収縮量の計測を行
つた後、24時間経過後排水量の計測を行い、更に
載荷荷重を変化させて同様に24時間経過毎に収縮
量と排水量の計測を交互に行うわねばならず、実
施に相当の手数と時間がかかると共に、両計測の
段取りを切り換える際に土試料における土粒子骨
組の体積変化や形状変化が生ずる可能性があり、
また除荷時に間隙水の水圧が低下し、溶け込んだ
空気が遊離して土試料が不飽和状態となり、透水
性や変形特性が変化してしまう欠点がある。 However, in this water permeability test device, when measuring the amount of shrinkage, the test is conducted while draining water from the bottom of the soil sample through the filter plate, and when measuring the amount of drainage in the water permeability test, water is drained from the bottom of the soil sample through the filter plate. Since it was necessary to conduct the test while draining water above the pressure plate, the amount of shrinkage was measured under a certain applied load, and then the amount of drainage was measured after 24 hours had elapsed, and then again for 24 hours while changing the applied load. It is necessary to measure the amount of shrinkage and the amount of drainage alternately over time, which takes a considerable amount of time and effort, and when switching between the two measurements, changes in the volume and shape of the soil particle framework in the soil sample occur. There is a possibility that
Another disadvantage is that the water pressure of the pore water decreases during unloading, the dissolved air is liberated, the soil sample becomes unsaturated, and the water permeability and deformation characteristics change.
「問題点を解決するための手段」
この発明は前記従来の課題を解決するために、
土試料を加圧する加圧ロツドに変位計を装着して
収縮量を計測すると同時に、圧密リングの上方に
加圧室を設けてこれに圧力水を導入し試料を通つ
て下方から排出する排水を水位計に導入して排水
量を計測することにより、圧密試験と透水試験を
同時に併行して実施可能とすると共に、圧密リン
グの上下に所定の圧力差をもつて流体圧を作用さ
せることにより、載荷時に試料の上下面に高い圧
力を加えてほぼ低水位状態で計測することがで
き、しかも除荷時にバツクプレツシヤーを加えて
試料の特性の変化を防止できるようにした圧密透
水試験装置を提案するものである。"Means for Solving the Problems" In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention has the following features:
A displacement gauge is attached to the pressurizing rod that pressurizes the soil sample to measure the amount of contraction.At the same time, a pressurizing chamber is installed above the consolidation ring and pressurized water is introduced into it to discharge wastewater from below through the sample. By introducing it into a water level meter to measure the displacement, it is possible to carry out consolidation tests and water permeability tests simultaneously, and by applying fluid pressure with a predetermined pressure difference between the top and bottom of the consolidation ring, loading We proposed a consolidation permeability test device that can apply high pressure to the top and bottom surfaces of the sample to perform measurements at almost low water levels, and that can also apply back pressure when unloading to prevent changes in sample properties. It is something to do.
「実施例」
以下この発明を図面に示す実施例について説明
すると、機体１内には圧密リング２が設置され、
その上部に圧力水を満たす加圧室３が設けられて
いる。"Embodiment" An embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below. A consolidation ring 2 is installed inside the fuselage 1,
A pressurizing chamber 3 filled with pressurized water is provided above the pressurizing chamber 3.
圧密リング２の上方には、上下面間を連通する
透孔を多数穿設した加圧体４が設けられ、その下
面及び圧密リング２の下方に多孔質の濾過板５，
５′が設置されている。 Above the consolidation ring 2, a pressurizing body 4 is provided, which has a large number of through holes communicating between the upper and lower surfaces, and a porous filter plate 5,
5' is installed.
加圧体４の中央には、ベロフロムシリンダー６
により押圧される加圧ロツド７が圧接しており、
この加圧ロツド７にはその上下動変位を計測する
変位計８が装着されている。 At the center of the pressurizing body 4 is a Verofrom cylinder 6.
The pressure rod 7 pressed by is in pressure contact with the
A displacement meter 8 is attached to this pressurizing rod 7 to measure its vertical displacement.
下方の濾過板５′の下面側に連通して配管され
た排水用管路９の上端には微小水位計１０が設け
られ、また圧密リング３の側方にはその上面側と
及び下面側の水圧を測定する水圧計１１，１１′
が設けられている。 A micro water level gauge 10 is provided at the upper end of the drainage pipe 9 which is connected to the lower surface side of the lower filter plate 5', and a micro water level gauge 10 is provided on the side of the consolidation ring 3. Water pressure gauges 11, 11' that measure water pressure
is provided.
加圧室３には、給水圧力容器１２の圧力水を導
入する管路１３が配管され、また微小水位計８の
管路９には圧力容器１４から圧力流体を導入する
管路１５が接続されている。 A conduit 13 for introducing pressure water from the water supply pressure vessel 12 is connected to the pressurizing chamber 3, and a conduit 15 for introducing pressure fluid from the pressure vessel 14 is connected to the conduit 9 of the microwater level gauge 8. ing.
ベロフロムシリンダー６、微小水位計１０及び
加圧容器１２，１４にはコンプレツサー１６の圧
搾空気を導入する分岐管路１７ａ，１７ｂ，１７
ｃが接続され、各管路には圧力計１８がそれぞれ
設置されており、各管路に圧送する圧搾空気の圧
力は圧力調整弁等によりそれぞれ調整できるよう
になつている。 Branch pipes 17a, 17b, 17 introduce compressed air from the compressor 16 into the VeroFrom cylinder 6, the microwater level gauge 10, and the pressurized containers 12, 14.
A pressure gauge 18 is installed in each pipe, and the pressure of the compressed air sent to each pipe can be adjusted by a pressure regulating valve or the like.
変位計８、水圧計１１，１１′及び微小水位計
８の検出値は、電気信号としてデータロガー１９
に入力し、単位時間当りの検出値を表示又は自動
的に記録するようになつている。 The detected values of the displacement gauge 8, water pressure gauges 11, 11', and micro water level gauge 8 are sent to the data logger 19 as electrical signals.
The detection value per unit time is displayed or automatically recorded.
管路９，１３，１５には開閉弁２０，２１，２
２が設けられている。 On-off valves 20, 21, 2 are provided in the pipes 9, 13, 15.
2 is provided.
「発明の作用」
以上の装置において、圧密及び透水試験を実施
する際には、圧密リング２内に土試料Ｗを充填し
た後、コンプレツサー１６を駆動してベロフロム
シリンダー６を作動し、加圧ロツド７及び加圧体
４を介して土試料Ｗを加圧すると共に、給水加圧
容器１２及び微小水位計１０又は加圧容器１４を
加圧し、土試料Ｗの上下に所定圧力差をもつて高
い圧力を付加する。"Action of the Invention" In the above-described apparatus, when carrying out consolidation and water permeability tests, after filling the consolidation ring 2 with the soil sample W, the compressor 16 is driven to operate the Verofrom cylinder 6 to apply pressure. The soil sample W is pressurized via the rod 7 and the pressurizing body 4, and the water supply pressurized container 12 and the micro water level gauge 10 or the pressurized container 14 are pressurized to create a high pressure with a predetermined pressure difference above and below the soil sample W. Add pressure.
このような状況において、データロガー１９に
より変位計８で検出された単位時間当りの土試料
の収縮量、及び水位計１０で検出された単位時間
当りの土試料からの排出水量の増加分を計測又は
記録する。 In this situation, the data logger 19 measures the amount of contraction of the soil sample per unit time detected by the displacement meter 8 and the increase in the amount of water discharged from the soil sample per unit time detected by the water level meter 10. Or record.
加圧体４の除荷時の計測においては、加圧容器
１２及び微小水位計１０を加圧し続け、土試料Ｗ
の上下面にバツクプレツシヤーを作用させて不飽
和状態の発生を防止しながら計測する。 In measurement when the pressurizing body 4 is unloaded, the pressurizing container 12 and the microwater level gauge 10 are kept pressurized, and the soil sample W is
Measurements are taken while applying back pressure to the upper and lower surfaces of the sample to prevent the occurrence of unsaturated conditions.
なお、水圧計１１，１１′は、圧密リング２の
上下面の作用する圧力を検出し、データーロガー
１９においてそれらの圧力差を表示又は記録す
る。 The water pressure gauges 11 and 11' detect the pressure acting on the upper and lower surfaces of the sealing ring 2, and the data logger 19 displays or records the pressure difference therebetween.
また、排水量が多く水位計１０から水が溢れる
状況においては、開閉弁２２を開いて加圧容器１
４内に水を導入する。 In addition, in a situation where the amount of drainage is large and water overflows from the water level gauge 10, open the on-off valve 22 and pressurize the container 10.
Introduce water into the chamber.
「発明の効果」
以上の通りこの発明によれば、加圧ロツドに変
位計を装着し、圧密リングの下方から延出する管
路に水位計を設置してなるので、一個の装置によ
つて圧密試験と透水試験を同時に実施でき、土試
料の特性を変化させることなく一度に両者のデー
タを得ることができると共に、圧密リングの上方
に設けた圧力室内及び圧密リング下方に加圧容器
から圧力流体を導入する管路を配管してなるの
で、載荷時に試料の上下面に高い圧力を加えて給
水圧力容器と水位計の水位の変動にかかわらずほ
ぼ定水位状態で正確に計測することができ、また
除荷時の計測に際しては土試料にバツクプレツシ
ヤーを加えて、土試料の特性の変化を防止しなが
ら正確に計測することが可能となると共に、土試
料に応じて圧力差を簡単に調整することができ
る。"Effects of the Invention" As described above, according to the present invention, a displacement gauge is attached to the pressurizing rod, and a water level gauge is installed in the conduit extending from below the consolidation ring. Consolidation tests and permeability tests can be performed simultaneously, allowing data on both to be obtained at once without changing the properties of the soil sample. Since the pipe is connected to introduce fluid, high pressure is applied to the top and bottom surfaces of the sample during loading, allowing accurate measurement at a nearly constant water level regardless of fluctuations in the water level in the water supply pressure vessel and water level gauge. Also, when measuring during unloading, back pressure is applied to the soil sample, making it possible to measure accurately while preventing changes in the characteristics of the soil sample, and to easily adjust the pressure difference depending on the soil sample. can be adjusted to
図はこの発明の実施例を示す縦断正面図であ
る。
１…機体、２…圧密リング、３…加圧室、４…
加圧体、５，５′…濾過板、６…ベロフロムシリ
ンダー、７…加圧ロツド、８…変位計、９…管
路、１０…水位計、１１…水圧計、１２…給水加
圧容器、１３…管路、１４…加圧容器、１５…管
路、１６…コンプレツサー、１７ａ，ｂ，ｃ…分
岐管、１８…圧力計、Ｗ…土試料。
The figure is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of the invention. 1... Airframe, 2... Consolidation ring, 3... Pressurization chamber, 4...
Pressure body, 5, 5'...Filter plate, 6...Bellofrom cylinder, 7...Pressure rod, 8...Displacement gauge, 9...Pipeline, 10...Water level gauge, 11...Water pressure gauge, 12...Water supply pressure container , 13... Pipe line, 14... Pressurized container, 15... Pipe line, 16... Compressor, 17a, b, c... Branch pipe, 18... Pressure gauge, W... Soil sample.
Claims (1)
体により加圧するための圧密リングの上方に加圧
室を設け、シリンダーの押圧力を受けて前記加圧
体を加圧する加圧部に変位計を装着し、前記圧密
リングの下方から水を導出する管路に水位計を設
置し、前記加圧室内には給水圧力容器から圧力水
を導入する管路を配管し、前記変位計及び水位計
に圧搾空気を導入する管路を配管してなることを
特徴とする圧密透水試験装置。 ２ 水位計の管路には、給水容器から圧力水を導
入する管路を接続してなることを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第１項記載の圧密透水試験装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A pressurizing chamber is provided above a consolidation ring for pressurizing a soil sample loaded with a filter plate arranged above and below by a pressurizing body, and the pressing force of the cylinder is applied to the pressurizing body. A displacement gauge is attached to the pressurizing part that pressurizes the water, a water level gauge is installed in the conduit leading out water from below the consolidation ring, and a conduit introducing pressure water from the water supply pressure vessel is installed in the pressurizing chamber. 1. A consolidated water permeability testing device, characterized in that it is equipped with piping and a conduit for introducing compressed air into the displacement gauge and the water level gauge. 2. The consolidated water permeability test device according to claim 1, wherein a pipe line for introducing pressure water from a water supply container is connected to the water level gauge pipe line.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21550786A JPS6370712A (en) | 1986-09-12 | 1986-09-12 | Tester for consolidation and water permeation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21550786A JPS6370712A (en) | 1986-09-12 | 1986-09-12 | Tester for consolidation and water permeation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6370712A JPS6370712A (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| JPH0545173B2 true JPH0545173B2 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
Family
ID=16673547
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21550786A Granted JPS6370712A (en) | 1986-09-12 | 1986-09-12 | Tester for consolidation and water permeation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6370712A (en) |
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-
1986
- 1986-09-12 JP JP21550786A patent/JPS6370712A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105510552A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-04-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | A simulation test device for obtaining soil-soil flow |
| CN107957388A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-24 | 东南大学 | Original state saturated soil and the seepage flow of conditioned soil-creep combined test device and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6370712A (en) | 1988-03-30 |
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