JPH0545966B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a numerically controlled lathe that processes a workpiece by changing the gripping position of the workpiece, such as by reversing the workpiece, when inputting a machining program by an operator. The present invention relates to a method for machining a workpiece, which allows inputting machining dimensions in a second step without requiring an operator to convert a coordinate system.

(b) Background of the technology In recent numerical control machining, a series of related machining is treated as one canned cycle, and a machining program can be created simply by inputting the canned cycle from a keyboard, etc. ,
So-called automatic programs have been developed and put into practical use.

Although these automatic programs have made it possible for operators to create and input machining programs while referring to production drawings, there are still many points to be improved in these automatic programs.

(c) Conventional technology and problems Conventionally, when machining both sides of a material in this type of numerical control lathe, the machining part on the chuck side is
Machining is impossible unless the chuck and workpiece fixing jig get in the way and the workpiece is turned over at some point. Therefore, when creating a machining program, the operator sets both ends of the workpiece in the axial direction and the program origin, which serves as a reference for program creation, and for parts of the workpiece that are to be machined after being reversed, the program origin before being reversed is set. The machining dimensions of each part were entered based on the program origin on the opposite side.

However, normally, the machining dimensions of the workpiece are set based on one reference plane SF as shown in Figure 2, so the dimensions of the part to be machined by inverting the workpiece are set at the program origin at the left end of the figure. In order to input dimensions based on PZP1, the operator needs to convert the drawing dimensions _a1 to _a8 from the reference plane SF into dimensions based on the program origin PZP1. However, this method requires a lot of effort and time, and not only does it take a long time to create a machining program, but it also has the disadvantage of being prone to calculation errors.

(d) Purpose of the Invention In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention has been made, in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, when an operator inputs a machining program, the machining dimensions based on the reference plane are determined by first and second A workpiece machining method using a numerically controlled machining machine that can create a machining program quickly and efficiently without the need for complicated and time-consuming calculations, etc., which is required when converting and inputting a program origin based on the program origin. The purpose is to provide

(e) Structure of the Invention That is, the present invention involves machining a workpiece for which machining dimensions in the workpiece axis direction from a machining reference plane are specified, in a first step based on a first program origin, and in which the first machining is performed. After the first process has been completed, the gripping position of the workpiece that has been completed in the first step is changed, and the second program origin is set at a position different from the first program origin in the axial direction of the workpiece, and the workpiece is gripped. In a workpiece machining method in which a second step of machining is performed, when creating a machining program for the workpiece, a numerical origin is set on the reference plane in a manner that corresponds to the first and/or second program origin; The set numerical origin and the distance in the workpiece axis direction between the numerical origin and the corresponding program origin are stored in a memory means, and during the machining program, machining regarding the first and second program origins is performed. Dimensions are stored with reference to the corresponding numerical origin, and during machining, machining dimensions input based on the numerical origin are stored as the workpiece axis between the numerical origin and the program origin corresponding to the numerical origin. Based on the distance in the direction, coordinates are converted to machining dimensions based on the origin of each program,
Based on the converted coordinates, the first and second processes of the workpiece are executed with the first and second program origins as a reference, and when creating a machining program, the reference plane is used as a reference through the first and second processes. The workpiece is configured to be able to process the first and second steps on the workpiece based on the machining dimensions input as .

(f) Embodiments of the invention Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be specifically described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing an example of a numerically controlled lathe to which the workpiece processing method according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a workpiece manufacturing drawing.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a machining program stored in the machining program memory, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of a manufacturing drawing of a workpiece to which the present invention is applied.

As shown in FIG. 1, the numerical control platform 1 has a main control section 2, and the main control section 2 has a keyboard 5, a coordinate transformation constant memory 6,
A machining program memory 7, a coordinate value calculation section 9, a mechanism operation control section 10, etc. are connected. A mechanism section 11 composed of a main shaft 12, a tool rest 13, etc. is connected to the mechanism operation control section 10 so that its drive can be controlled freely by the mechanism operation control section 10.

Since the numerical control machine 1 has the above configuration, when creating the machining program PRO, the operator breaks down the machining to be executed into a plurality of canned cycles while referring to the manufacturing drawing, and then Enter CYC from the keyboard 5 and save the machining program in the machining program memory 7.
Create a PRO. At this time, each fixed cycle
Dimensions required for CYC processing and other processing information
The machining information INF is input together with INF via the keyboard 5 at every fixed cycle, and the input machining information INF is stored in the machining program memory 7 as a part of the machining program PRO.

For example, let's talk about creating a machining program PRO for outer diameter machining for the workpiece 15 shown in FIG.
- Regarding the right side of line A, the first process is performed by chucking the left end of the workpiece 15 in the figure.
- To the left of line A, the gripping position is changed and the left end of the workpiece 15 in the figure is chucked to perform the second process. Note that the machining dimensions of the workpiece 15 in the workpiece axis direction on the manufacturing drawing are entered based on the reference plane SF on the right side of the diagram, so when inputting the machining program PRO, the operator first selects the right side of the A-A line. The dimensions a ₁ and a ₂ for machining on the other side are input from the keyboard 5 as machining information INF. At this time, the operator points to the program origin of the first process.
PZP2 is set at the right end of the workpiece 15 that coincides with the reference plane SF, and dimensions a ₁ and a ₂ are input based on the program origin PZP2, so when inputting dimensions a ₁ and a ₂ , the operator uses the standards shown in the drawing. There is no need to enter the numerical values of the machining dimensions based on the surface SF as they are and perform any calculations.

Next, the operator inputs the dimensions a ₃ to a ₈ for machining on the left side of the A-A line from the keyboard 5 as machining information INF.
The program origin PZP1 of the process is set at the left end of the workpiece 15, which is a distance a ₈ away from the program origin PZP2 of the first process to the left in Figure 2, which is the workpiece axis direction, and the reference point on the drawing. science fiction
Numerical origin as origin on new dimension input above
Set NZP in a manner that corresponds to the program origin PZP1, and input the distance in the workpiece axis direction between the newly set numerical origin NZP and the program origin PZP1 corresponding to the numerical origin NZP as dimension _a8 . When the setting of the numerical origin NZP is instructed from the keyboard 5, the previous program origin is stored in the machining program memory 7 as shown in FIG.
After fixed cycle CYC ₁ based on PZP2,
The coordinate system conversion program unit PTU is stored (ordinarily, the workpiece 1 is stored between the fixed cycle CYC ₁ and the coordinate system conversion program unit PTU).
A reversal command for reversing 5 by 180° is entered, but it is omitted here to simplify the explanation. ). This coordinate system conversion program unit PTU is provided with a coordinate system conversion flag storage area FA and a numerical origin coordinate storage area NZA that notify that the coordinate system has been converted.
A flag of "1" is stored in , informing that the subsequent dimension data is based on the new coordinate system, and in the numerical origin coordinate storage area NZA,
Newly set numerical origin NZP and the corresponding numerical origin
A dimension _a8 indicating the distance from the program origin PZP1 corresponding to NZP is stored.

In this way, the setting of the new numerical origin NZP is completed, and the machining program in the machining program memory 7 is
Once the coordinate system conversion program unit PTU has been stored in the PRO, the operator, referring to the drawing, calculates the machining dimensions of the part to the left of the A-A line in Figure 2 from the numerical origin NZP, and therefore the machining standard. Using the plane SF as a reference, input in the same way as for the origin PZP2. At this time, the operator must set the program origin PZP
Even if 2 is set to the left end of the diagram, the processing information INF
The dimensions to be input as NZP can be those based on the numerical origin NZP, therefore the reference plane SF shown in the drawing, so dimensions A ₃ to _{A 8} need not be calculated in the same way as in the first step. You can input from the keyboard 5 without having to do anything.

When the input of dimensions A ₃ to _{A 8} and other machining information INF from the keyboard 5 is completed, and the machining program PRO for the workpiece 15 is completed in the machining program memory 7, the operator starts machining via the keyboard 5. Command SC to main control unit 2
Output to. In response to this, the main control unit 2 executes the machining program stored in the machining program memory 7.
PRO is read out for each fixed cycle CYC that constitutes the machining program PRO and output to the mechanism operation control unit 10, and the mechanism operation control unit 10 performs machining based on the machining information INF indicated in the fixed cycle CYC. The main shaft 12 of the mechanism section 11 and the tool rest 13 are calculated based on the results.
etc. to perform predetermined machining.

Machining is first performed to the right of line A-A in the figure by chucking the left end of the workpiece 15 in Figure 2. At this time, the mechanism operation control unit 10 uses the machining program that is the basis for calculating the tool path. PRO
The dimensions a ₁ and a ₂ in the middle are set based on the program origin PZP2, so the machining of the numerically controlled lathe 1,
That is, calculation of the tool path is also performed based on the program origin PZP2, and machining is executed smoothly.

When the machining on the right side of the A-A line in the figure is completed, the main controller 2 reverses the workpiece 15 and executes the machining on the left side of the A-A line.
reads the coordinate system conversion program unit PTU from the machining program PRO. When this coordinate system conversion program unit PTU is read out, the main control section 2 starts the coordinate value calculation section 9, and also starts the program origin stored in the numerical origin coordinate storage area NZA in the coordinate system conversion program unit PTU.
The distance _a8 between PZP1 and the numerical origin NZP is stored in the coordinate transformation constant memory 6 as a transformation parameter TPA. This coordinate system transformation program unit PTU
Accordingly, the main control unit 2 controls the subsequent machining program.
Recognize that the dimensions stored in each fixed cycle CYC of PRO are not based on the program origin PZP1, but are based on the numerical origin NZP.

Therefore, the main control unit 2 transfers the dimensions related to the machining program PRO that have been read out thereafter to the coordinate value calculation unit 9, and the coordinate value calculation unit 9 converts the transferred dimensions into dimensions based on the program origin PZP1. Convert coordinates. This calculation is performed by the coordinate value calculation unit 9 using the conversion parameters stored in the coordinate conversion constant memory 6.
This is done by reading the TPA and converting each dimension a ₃ to a ₈ to a dimension based on the program origin PZP1 based on the parameters, and the converted dimensions a ₃ ′ to a ₈ ′ (a ₈ ' is 0) is output to the mechanism operation control section 10. The mechanism operation control unit 10 calculates and controls the tool path etc. during machining using the coordinate-converted dimensions a ₃ ′ to a ₇ ′, so that the workpiece 15
is processed smoothly as shown in the drawing with the program origin PZP1 as a reference.

In addition, although the above-mentioned embodiment described the case where only one reference surface SF was provided on the right end surface in FIG. 2, the present invention is not limited to one reference surface SF, and as shown in FIG. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to the case where two reference surfaces, the first reference surface SF1 and the second reference surface SF2, are provided. In this case, first the program origin PZP1, PZP
2 at both ends of the workpiece 15, and set the program origin.
Corresponding to PZP1, set the numerical origin NZP1 to the reference plane SF1
Above, the numerical origin corresponds to the program origin PZP2.
Set NZP2 on reference plane SF2. Next, set the numerical origin NZP based on the program origin PZP1.
1 to 1 in the _workpiece axis direction is stored in the numerical origin coordinate storage area NZA of the first coordinate system conversion program unit PTU, and in that state the reference plane SF
1. Therefore, the dimension b ₂ based on the numerical origin NZP1,
Enter b ₁ , and then convert the distance b ₁ in the workpiece axis direction from the program origin PZP2 to the numerical origin NZP2 to the second coordinate system conversion program unit.
Store it in the PTU's numerical origin coordinate storage area NZA, and in that state use the reference plane SF2, and therefore the numerical origin NZP2.
Enter dimensions B ₄ to _{B 7} based on . Note that the same applies even when the number of reference planes is three or more.

In addition to being stored in the coordinate transformation constant memory 6 as in this embodiment, the transformation parameter TPA is also displayed in the coordinate system transformation program unit PTU each time the coordinate value calculation section 9 transforms each dimension. was done,
Program origin PZP1, PZP2 and numerical origin NZP,
It is also possible to configure the distance between NZP1 and NZP2 to be read and use that value as the conversion parameter TPA; in this case, the first memory and the second memory are substantially the same. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the first memory and the second memory may be set in the same memory space.

(g) Effect of the Invention As explained above, according to the present invention, a workpiece whose machining dimensions in the workpiece axis direction from the machining reference planes SF, SF1, and SF2 are specified is set as the program origin.
The first process is processed based on the first program origin such as PZP2, PZP1, and after the first process is completed,
A program origin is provided at a position different from the first program origin in the axial direction of the workpiece by changing the gripping position of the workpiece after the first step.
In a workpiece machining method in which a second process process is performed on the workpiece based on a second program origin such as PZP1, PZP2, when creating a machining program for the workpiece, the numerical origin is set on the reference plane.
NZP, NZP1, and NZP2 are set to correspond to the first and/or second program origin, and the distance between the set numerical origin and the program origin corresponding to the numerical origin in the workpiece axis direction. a ₈ , b ₁ , and b ₃ are stored in a memory means, and in the machining program, machining dimensions related to the first and second program origins are stored with the corresponding numerical origin as a reference, and machining is performed. In this case, the machining dimensions input based on the numerical origin are changed to machining dimensions based on each program origin based on the distance in the workpiece axis direction between the numerical origin and the program origin corresponding to the numerical origin. and execute the first and second processes of the workpiece based on the first and second program origins based on the converted coordinates, and perform the first and second processes on the workpiece when creating a machining program Since the structure is configured such that the first and second steps can be performed on the workpiece based on the machining dimensions inputted using the reference plane as a reference, the operator can mark the reference planes SF, SF1, and SF2 in the drawing. Regardless of where the program origins PZP1 and PZP2 of the first and second processes are set, the dimensions entered in the reference will be calculated from the reference plane described in the drawing throughout the first and second processes. can be input directly as machining dimensions, and unlike conventional methods, the operator can use each program origin set apart in the direction of the workpiece axis as a reference for each of the first and second processes in which the gripping position of the workpiece changes. There is no need to perform complicated, time-consuming, and unreliable work such as recalculating dimensions, and it becomes possible to create highly reliable machining programs in a short time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram showing an example of a numerically controlled lathe to which the workpiece processing method according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a workpiece manufacturing drawing.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a machining program stored in the machining program memory, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of a manufacturing drawing of a workpiece to which the present invention is applied. 1... Numerical control lathe, 7... Machining program memory, 11... Mechanism section, a, b... Dimensions, a ₈ ,
b ₁ , b ₃ ... distance, TPA ... conversion parameter,
NZP, NZP1, NZP2... Numerical origin, PZP1,
PZP2...Program origin.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A workpiece for which machining dimensions in the workpiece axis direction from a machining reference plane are specified is machined in a first step based on a first program origin, and after the first step is completed, the The gripping position of the workpiece that has completed the first process is changed, and the second program origin is set at a position different from the first program origin in the workpiece axis direction, and the second process is performed on the workpiece. In the method for machining a workpiece, when creating a machining program for the workpiece,
A numerical origin is set on the reference plane in a manner that corresponds to the first and/or second program origin, and a direction between the set numerical origin and the program origin corresponding to the numerical origin is set in the workpiece axis direction. The distances are stored in a memory means, and during the machining program, the distances are stored in the first and second distances.
The machining dimensions related to the program origin are stored with the corresponding numerical origin as a reference, and during machining, the machining dimensions input based on the numerical origin are stored between the numerical origin and the program origin corresponding to the numerical origin. Coordinates are converted to machining dimensions based on the respective program origins based on the distance in the axial direction of the workpiece, and the first position of the workpiece is adjusted based on the converted coordinates.
and a second step based on the first and second program origins, and based on the machining dimensions inputted with the reference plane as a reference through the first and second steps when creating the machining program, A method of machining a workpiece using a numerically controlled lathe configured to perform the machining of the first and second steps.