JPH0547221B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention involves puncturing a blood donor's arm with a single needle to collect blood, separating and collecting plasma from the blood, and transferring the remaining blood cell components to the donor. Concerning a single-needle plasma collection device that can be returned to the original state.

<Prior art> Generally, plasma collected from a donor's body contains plasma and blood cell components, and this plasma is prepared by adding an anticoagulant (hereinafter referred to as "ACD liquid") to the collected blood. It is collected by separating it using a specified separator. Furthermore, recently, plasma sampling devices have come to be used to collect the above-mentioned plasma.

However, conventional plasma collection devices have the disadvantage that they are not provided with a blood circulation circuit, resulting in extremely poor plasma collection efficiency. Also, ACD
The structure was such that the liquid and blood were pumped using the same pump, and the disadvantage was that the mixing ratio of the ACD liquid and blood was fixed by the inner diameter of the liquid feeding tube.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention has been made in view of the drawbacks of the conventional examples, and its purpose is to provide a single-needle plasma collection device with excellent plasma collection efficiency. It is in.

<Means for Solving the Invention> A feature of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problems is that blood is collected by pointing a needle into the donor's arm, plasma is separated from the blood, and the remaining blood is collected. In a single-needle blood sampling device that returns blood cell components to the donor's arm, there is a blood bag where the blood collected from the donor through the needle is guided and stored, and a blood bag through which fluid can be sent in both forward and reverse directions. a blood pump that transports the blood between the blood bag and the donor; a first chamber disposed between the blood pump and the donor's arm; and a separator that separates plasma from the blood led into the inner chamber, which is divided into an outer chamber surrounding the inner chamber, and a circulation pump that circulates the liquid between the separator and the blood bag; a second chamber provided between the circulation pump and the separator;
a third chamber provided between the separator and the blood bag; a plasma bag for storing plasma separated by the separator; and a plasma pump for transporting the plasma between the plasma bag and the separator. , an air pump capable of sending fluid in both forward and reverse directions and supplying or suctioning air to the outer chamber of the separator, the circulation pump, the second chamber, the inner chamber of the separator, and the third
This is due to the formation of a circulation circuit in which blood circulates in the chamber and blood bag.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail using figures. The figure is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is the donor's arm, 2 is an ACD liquid bag in which ACD liquid is stored, 3 is a saline bag in which physiological saline is stored, and 4 is a saline bag in which physiological saline is stored. 4 is a blood bag for storing collected blood, 4' is a weight detector for detecting the weight of blood bag 4, 5 is a plasma bag for storing plasma separated from the collected blood, and 6 is for storing waste fluid. Drain bag, 7a to 7f are first to sixth detectors for detecting each fluid (ACD liquid, physiological saline, etc.);
8a to 8e are first to fifth pumps called ACD liquid pump, blood pump, circulation pump, air pump, and plasma pump (among them, the second pump 8
b and the fourth pump 8d are pumps that can send fluid in both forward and reverse directions), and 9a to 9g are the first to seventh pumps that open and close the respective flow paths through which the above fluids flow.
, 10a to 10d are first to fourth pressure gauges, 11a to 11c are first to third chambers, and as shown in the figure, the second and third chambers are at the same water head position as the separator. . 12a, 12
b is a blood detector and a hemolysis detector, respectively, and 13 is divided into an inner chamber 13b and an outer chamber 13c surrounding the inner chamber 13b by a membrane 13a that allows plasma to pass through but does not allow blood cell components to pass through. For example, the separator 14 has a double tube structure, and 14 is a needle that is punctured into the donor's arm 1.

The operation of the present invention having such a configuration is based on the blood circuit (first chamber 11a, second pump 8b,
Blood bag 4, third pump 8c, second chamber 11b, separator 13, and third chamber 1
The priming operation uses physiological saline to clean the flow path through which blood flows through the blood donor (through the blood flow path, etc.) using physiological saline, and the blood collected from the donor is stored in the blood bag 4 and then guided to the blood circuit where the separator 13 separates the blood from plasma. The operation consists of an operating operation for collecting the blood, and a blood collection operation for collecting the blood flowing in the blood circuit. In this, the priming operation and blood collection operation are exactly the same as those of the widely known conventional plasma sampling device. Therefore, explanations of the priming operation and blood collection operation will be omitted, and only the operating operation will be explained in detail.

In the figure, the needle 14 is first punctured into the donor's arm 1, the first clamp 9a, the third clamp 9c,
The fifth clamp 9e is opened and the remaining clamps 9
b, 9d, 9f, and 9g are closed. In this state, when the first to third pumps 8a to 8c are driven, blood is collected from the donor's arm 1 through the needle 14, and the blood is added to the ACD liquid (the first pump serving as the ACD liquid pump 8a, the ACD liquid (supplied at a constant flow rate from the ACD liquid bag 2) flows through the blood circuit while being mixed.

Further, the fluid (such as physiological saline used in the priming operation) that filled the blood circuit with this blood is transferred to the second chamber 11b,
Inner chamber 13a of separator 13, third chamber 1
1c and the blood detector 12a, and is finally discharged into the drainage bag 6. When blood is detected by the blood detector 12a, the fifth clamp 9e is closed and the fourth clamp 9d is opened. For this reason, blood supplied from the donor's arm 1 is stored in the blood bag 4 (such an operation is hereinafter referred to as a "blood collection operation").

On the other hand, the weight of the blood bag 4 is detected by a weight detector 4', and when the value exceeds a certain upper limit, the first pump 8a is stopped and the second pump (blood pump) 8b is driven in the opposite direction. The blood (mainly blood cell components) in the blood bag 4 is returned to the donor's arm 1 through the needle 14 (such operation is
(hereinafter referred to as "blood return operation").

During the blood collection operation and blood return operation as described above, the blood in the blood bag 4 is pumped through the second chamber 11b, the inner chamber 13a of the separator 13, and the third pump (circulation pump) 8c. Third chamber 11c, blood bag 4, and third pump 8
It flows while circulating in the circulation circuit formed by c.

Furthermore, when the blood is guided to the inner diameter 13a of the separator 13 in this way, the plasma in the blood is transferred to the membrane 1.
After being led to the outer chamber 13c via the plasma tube 3a, the fifth pump (plasma pump) 8e is driven. The rotational speed of the pump 8e is gradually increased, and plasma is gradually stored in the plasma bag 5 according to the rotational speed.

In this way, when the amount of plasma collected reaches a certain target value, the fifth pump (plasma pump) 8
e is stopped and the operating operation is completed.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention as described in detail above, since the configuration is such that a circulation circuit is formed and plasma is collected during blood return and blood collection, plasma collection is faster than in the conventional example. This has the advantage of significantly improving efficiency. Also, ACD
Since the configuration is such that the liquid is sent by a dedicated ACD liquid pump 8a and the blood is sent by a dedicated blood pump 8b, the mixing ratio of the ACD liquid and blood is the same as the inner diameter of the liquid sending tube as in the conventional example. It will no longer be fixed in place.

Furthermore, since the configuration is such that the physiological saline present in the blood circuit at the end of the priming operation is drained by the blood collected from the donor and then the plasma is collected, the blood collected from the donor is It also has the advantage of preventing dilution by physiological saline. In addition, since the blood circuit is a closed circuit and the first to third chambers are provided, gas-liquid separation is possible, and the first chamber can prevent air bubbles from entering the human body, and the second chamber can prevent air bubbles from entering the human body. The chamber can prevent locking caused by air bubbles in the separator. Further, the pressure gauges attached to the first to third chambers do not need to directly measure blood, but only measure the air inside the chamber, so there is no need to throw away the pressure gauges every time they are used.

Also, since the clamps attached to the second and third chambers can be opened to the atmosphere, air can be introduced.
The inside of the circuit can be easily emptied during blood collection, and blood can be collected quickly.

Further, by placing the second and third chambers at the same water head position as the separator, accurate pressure measurement becomes possible, and the flow rate can flow to the full efficiency of the separator. Separator clogging can be accurately monitored. The pressure applied to the separator membrane can be accurately monitored, excessive pressure can be prevented, and hemolysis can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a configuration explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 1...donor's arm, 2...ACD fluid bag, 3
...Saline bag, 4...Blood bag, 4'...Weight detector, 5...Plasma bag, 6...Drainage bag, 7a-7f...Detector, 8a-8e...Pump, 9a-9g ...Clamp, 10a-10d...
...Pressure gauge, 11a-11c...Chamber, 13
...Separator, 14...needle.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A single-needle plasma collection device that collects blood by pointing a single needle into the donor's arm, separates and collects plasma from the blood, and returns the remaining blood cell components to the donor's arm, A blood bag in which blood collected from a donor through the needle is guided and stored; and a blood bag capable of sending fluid in both forward and reverse directions, and the blood is transferred between the blood bag and the donor. a first chamber disposed between the blood pump and the donor's arm; an interior divided by a membrane into an inner chamber and an outer chamber surrounding the inner chamber, the blood pump being guided into the inner chamber; a separator that separates plasma from collected blood; a circulation pump that circulates liquid between the separator and the blood bag; a second chamber provided between the circulation pump and the separator; a third chamber provided between the separator and the blood bag; a plasma bag that stores the plasma separated by the separator; a plasma pump that transports the plasma between the plasma bag and the separator; an air pump capable of sending fluid in both forward and reverse directions and supplying or suctioning air to the outer chamber of the separator; and the circulation pump, the second chamber, the inner chamber of the separator, and the third chamber. and a single-needle blood sampling device that forms a circulation circuit in which blood circulates using a blood bag.