JPH0548321B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a porous block with good water permeability and mainly used for road paving.
The purpose is to provide something that does not impair water permeability even after long-term use.

[Conventional technology]

When road surfaces are paved, water permeability is impaired,
Rainwater does not permeate into the ground, leading to problems such as trees becoming dehydrated and insufficient drainage.
Therefore, it is well known that a water-permeable block is used. As a means for imparting water permeability, it is common to use porous material. One example is Special Publication No. 60-7082. This is obtained by kneading a 5-70 mesh viscosity fired product and a fired refractory with the same particle size together with a glaze, adding an appropriate coloring agent, compression molding, and firing. It is. In addition, some water-permeable concrete blocks are made by kneading and molding cement and water, using fine-grained aggregate with uniform particle sizes in the surface layer and coarse-grained aggregate with uneven particle sizes in the lower layer ( Tokukai 1986
−156804).

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Previously proposed water-permeable blocks were made of uniform aggregate from the front to the back, did not have a large porosity, and were focused on allowing only water to pass through. Also,
Even if the particle size is changed as mentioned above, in order to uniformly mix cement and water and form it,
As a result, cement mortar fills the space between the particles, making it impossible to ensure sufficient water permeability. When conventional water-permeable blocks are used to pave sidewalks, they gradually become clogged with use, and this becomes more noticeable over time, impeding the water-permeable function.

[Means to solve the problem]

Therefore, we changed the idea of only allowing water to pass through, and created a structure that allows the passage of fine sand, etc. that can cause clogging.In other words, inorganic aggregates with different particle sizes are used on the surface and back sides of the block. We have developed a method for manufacturing a water-permeable block that is unevenly distributed and makes full use of the space between particles. That is, when manufacturing a sintered block, aggregates with different average particle sizes are coated with a glaze, and the resulting glaze-coated particles are made so that small-diameter particles are unevenly distributed in the surface layer and large-diameter particles are unevenly distributed in the back layer. The sintered body is characterized in that it is formed into an integrated sintered body after being press-formed and fired. Uneven distribution here refers to a state where an inorganic aggregate layer with a small particle size (e.g. 3 to 4 mm) exists on the front side and an aggregate layer with a large particle size (e.g. 6 to 12 mm) on the back side. It means. Further, it is also included in the idea of the present invention to interpose in the intermediate layer, if necessary, inorganic aggregate with a particle size intermediate between the inorganic aggregates of the surface layer and the back layer. The inorganic aggregate used in the present invention can be selected from naturally available ores such as waxite, crushed bricks, crushed baked clay, etc. whose particle size can be adjusted to suit the purpose of the present invention. Select and use whatever you like. In order to unevenly distribute inorganic aggregates with different particle sizes on the front and back sides of the block, first, glaze water with a lower melting point than the aggregate is dispersed into the small and large diameter inorganic aggregate particles. Glaze coating is performed separately by dipping the granules in the liquid or spraying the granules with the liquid. Next, small-diameter objects are packed into a mold in a layer, and large-diameter objects are packed on top of that in a layer, pressure-molded, and fired at a temperature higher than the melting point of the glaze to bond between the particles. The granules are joined together with spaces between them to form a block.

[Effect]

There are pores about 1/10 of the particle diameter between the particles of inorganic aggregate, but these pores can be turned into blocks by sintering the glaze coat layer while forming effective communicating pores, and By unevenly distributing the particle diameter between the front side and the back side of the block, the pore size clearly differs between the front side and the back side of the block. It is preferable that this pore diameter is 4 to 5 times larger on the back side.
Since the pore diameters are different on the front and back sides, fine sand, fine sand, etc. can pass through along with water, and the water permeation function is not inhibited.

【Example】

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to Examples. Example 1 An aqueous dispersion containing feldspar, silica, clay, and lime was prepared by separately dispersing inorganic aggregate waxite particles with a major axis of 3 to 4 mm and 10 to 12 mm of major axis. By glaze coating process,
It was treated so that 10% by weight of glaze was attached. The obtained glaze coated particles with a major axis of 3 to 4 mm are
Put it in the bottom of the mold so that it has a thickness of
Glaze coating granules with a major axis of 10 to 12 mm were placed in the mold to give a thickness of 60 mm, and pressure molded at a pressure of 50 kg/cm ² . The obtained molded body was heat-treated at 105-150℃ for 60 minutes, and then fired in a heat furnace at 1280℃ to a thickness of 60℃.
A water-permeable block as shown in FIG. 1, consisting of two layers, front and back, was obtained. The surface layer 1 is made of sintered small-diameter inorganic aggregate with a major axis of 3 to 4 mm and has a thickness of 5 mm, and the other back layer 2 is made of sintered large-diameter inorganic aggregate with a major axis of 10 to 12 mm. In this way, inorganic aggregates with different particle sizes were unevenly distributed on the front side and the back side of the block, and the thickness was about 55 mm. This water-permeable block was tested as follows to determine whether or not there was a decrease in its water permeability. Water permeable block 3-4
sintered inorganic aggregate with the side with small diameter holes 3 facing up, place river sand with a grain size of 0.15 to 0.20 mm on the top surface at an even distribution of 50 g ^per 100 cm2, and place it on the edge. A dike was built to ensure even water flow. Water from Step 6 was sprinkled over the block for 6 minutes, and the amount of water falling from the large-diameter hole 4 at the bottom of the permeable block and the amount of river sand contained in the water were measured. As a comparative example, we prepared a block made with the same thickness using waxite inorganic aggregate with a diameter of 3 to 4 mm, and measured the amount of water falling to the bottom of the water-permeable block and the amount contained in the water under the same conditions. The amount of river sand was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Table] As is clear from Table 1, the water-permeable block obtained by the present invention has a larger total amount of sand that passes through with water than a conventional block with the same overall porosity, and is less prone to clogging. As a result, the amount of water permeation is always high until the end.

【Effect of the invention】

The method for producing a water-permeable block of the present invention involves sintering the aggregate into a glaze coat layer, so the bonding strength is greater and the durability is superior compared to resin bonding or cement curing.
Since it is inorganic colored with glaze, it will not fade and will be a high-quality product. Since the sintering temperature is not the sintering of the aggregate but the melting point of the glaze, it can be manufactured at a relatively low temperature and at low cost. In addition, since the water permeable block obtained by the method of the present invention has a structure in which large and small diameter aggregates are unevenly distributed, sand and dust can pass through it and good drainage can be maintained over a long period of time. I can do it. Even when laid around trees, sprinkled water and rainwater efficiently permeates the ground, moisturizing the ground and maintaining a good growing environment for plants for a long time. When used on pavement, it prevents puddles from forming over a long period of time, allowing comfortable walking and driving. Since the inorganic aggregate can be colored with a glaze to the desired color, it is possible to provide color blocks according to needs. Therefore, it can be used not only for road paving and paving stone blocks, but also for surfaces that require water flow and ventilation functions such as tennis court sides, pool sides, garages, gas stations, rooftop floors, stair blocks, etc. It is useful to use it by spreading it all over the place. Furthermore, it can be used on floors as flooring materials,
When used as a lightweight block on a wall or other surface in different combinations, it becomes an exterior material that reasonably maintains the transfer of dust to other surfaces and the smoothness of the surface.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a water-permeable block manufactured according to the present invention. 1...Surface layer (layer of sintered small-diameter inorganic aggregate),
2... Back layer (layer made of sintered large diameter inorganic aggregate), 3
...Small diameter hole, 4...Large diameter hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Glaze-coated granules obtained by glaze-coating aggregates with different average particle sizes are pressure-formed so that small-diameter particles are unevenly distributed on the surface layer and large-diameter particles are unevenly distributed on the back layer, and then fired and integrated. 1. A method for producing a water-permeable block, which is characterized in that it is made into a sintered body.