JPH0549768B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention provides a bearing plate consisting of an anchor bolt driven into the ground and a large concrete plate attached to the anchor bolt. This relates to construction methods that are used especially during rain or frost heaving.

Conventional technology Conventionally, topsoil on the ground surface was washed away due to rainfall,
When there is a risk of the topsoil freezing and collapsing during frost heaving, the bearing plate construction method is as follows.
As shown in Figure A, a slope 11 is formed by cutting the ground 10, and as shown in Figure 6B, a fluid hardening material 12 such as concrete or mortar is sprayed onto the slope 11 on the same day. First, prevent damage from rain and frost, and after one day or more, install anchor bolts 13 into the ground 10 as shown in Figure 6C.
the exposed portion 13a of the anchor bolt 13.
Formwork 14 made of steel plate, wood or plastic
was attached, a fluid hardening material 12 was injected, and after hardening, the mold was removed to form a large plate 15 as shown in FIG. 6D.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, in the conventional construction method described above, a large, heavy, and difficult-to-handle formwork such as a steel plate was used. It was not possible to construct the large plate unless the frame was fixed to this.

Therefore, it was impossible to carry out the formwork work as described above on the same day that the slope was cut.
When there is a risk of rain or frost heaving,
The only way to prevent damage from rain and frost is to apply shotcrete, which not only requires extra construction work, but also to wait at least one day after applying the shotcrete. Without it, it would be impossible to install the bearing plate, and in the end,
There were problems such as a longer construction period and higher construction costs.

In addition, conventional wooden formwork is difficult to reuse, and plastic formwork is expensive.

Furthermore, with conventional formwork, it is necessary to attach a soft material such as rubber to the bottom of the formwork to prevent the flowable hardening material from leaking, and to prevent gaps from forming between the ground and the formwork. There were also problems such as the unit cost of the formwork becoming high and the installation work becoming complicated.

The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to construct a plate on the same day after cutting the ground, and at the same time, to spray concrete on the slope, To provide a bearing plate construction method that can shorten the construction period and reduce construction costs by omitting the special concrete spraying work just to prevent damage from rain and frost. be.

[Structure of the Invention] Means for Solving the Problems The bearing plate construction method of the present invention is a plate structure in which a mesh formwork is integrally attached around plate reinforcing bars arranged in a lattice pattern. Reinforcing bars are set on the slope of the ground or on the excavated surface of the ground, and a fluid hardening material such as concrete or mortar is filled into the structural reinforcing bars for the plate, and is sprayed onto the outer surface of the mesh formwork to form a large-sized material. After forming the plate and hardening the fluid hardening material, one anchor bolt is driven into the ground through the center of the large plate to fix it, and the large plate is tightened and fixed to the anchor bolt. It is characterized by supporting the ground by spraying the large plate, and simultaneously spraying the fluid hardening material onto the slope of the surrounding ground, the excavated surface of the ground, etc. That is.

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, numeral 1 is a ground, a part of which is cut to form a necessary slope 2.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the structural reinforcing bars 3 for the plate are set on the cutting slope 2.

The structural reinforcing bars 3 for plates are composed of reinforcing bars 3a for plates and a mesh formwork 3b.

The plate reinforcing bars 3a are constructed by arranging reinforcing bars in a lattice shape, as shown in detail in Fig. 2A, and the thickness of the reinforcing bars and the spacing of the lattice are determined depending on the ground, soil quality, and plate support. Set appropriately according to pressure, etc.

On the other hand, the net-like formwork 3b is constructed by assembling reinforcing bars thinner than the plate reinforcing bars 3a in a fine mesh or fence shape to form a band shape as a whole, so as to surround the plate reinforcing bars 3a. Fold it in and make it work. As shown in FIG. 2B, for example, the ends of some of the reinforcing bars of the plate reinforcing bars 3a are bent downward and extended, and then tied to the bent ends 3a' with wires 4 or the like. and become one.

If the length of the bent end 3a' of the plate reinforcing bar 3a is set to about 1/2 of the height of the mesh formwork 3b,
As is clear from FIG. 2B, the plate reinforcing bar 3a can be positioned approximately in the middle of the mesh form 3b by simply aligning the bent end 3a' and the lower end of the mesh form 3b.

Further, a sleeve 3c for inserting an anchor bolt (described later) is attached to the center of the plate reinforcing bar 3a.

When fixing the structural reinforcing bars 3 for plates having the above structure to the slope 2, as shown in FIG. 3, or by extending the bent end 3a' of the plate reinforcing bar 3a or a part of the mesh formwork 3b downward and inserting it into the slope 2. You can also do this. In this case, it is effective to fix the plate structure reinforcing bars 3 as close to the corners as possible.

As described above, the plate structural reinforcement 3 is attached to the slope 2
Once it is fixed, a fluid hardening material 6 such as concrete or mortar is sprayed on the same day, as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the fluid hardening material 6 is not only filled into the mesh formwork 3b, but also sprayed onto the outer surface of the mesh formwork 3b to fill the mesh formwork 3b. Kill.

As shown in FIG. 5, the fluid hardening material 6 is simultaneously sprayed over the entire surface of the slope other than the plate to prevent damage from rain and frost.

After the concrete hardens, as shown in FIG. 4, a hole is made in the ground 1 with a drill 7 through the sleeve 3c, an anchor bolt 8 is driven in, and a nut 9 is inserted.
Tighten and secure.

In the above embodiment, the structural reinforcing bars for plates were constructed in a square shape, but the structural reinforcing bars for plates used in the construction method of the present invention are not limited to this, and may have any other shape such as rectangular, circular, or rhombic shapes. It may be in the shape of

Further, in the above embodiments, construction on an excavated slope has been described, but it can also be temporarily constructed on a natural slope of the ground, a foundation work excavation surface, etc.

[Effects of the invention] (1) After cutting the slope, the plate is installed and concrete is sprayed on the slope on the same day, so it is no longer necessary to simply spray concrete to prevent rain, frost, etc. as in the past. There is no need for installation work, and the construction period can be shortened.

(2) Since we use lightweight and inexpensive structural reinforcing bars for plates, which are constructed by integrating mesh formwork with reinforcing reinforcing bars for plates, they are not only easy to transport and move, but also can be quickly and easily installed on slopes. can be set. Furthermore, since the mesh formwork is a waste formwork, there is no need to remove the mold after concrete is poured, and the construction period can be significantly shortened.
Furthermore, since almost no external force acts on the mesh formwork, a simple structure made of low steel is sufficient, so it can be provided lightweight and inexpensively.

(3) In addition to temporary construction work such as slopes of the ground, excavation surfaces of the ground, and mountain retaining, it can also be used for slope work in emergencies such as disaster recovery, and in combination with vegetation construction methods.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 are construction explanatory drawings that sequentially explain the construction method of the present invention, Figure 2A is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the structural reinforcement for plates, and Figure 2B is a partially enlarged cross section of the structural reinforcement for plates. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a bearing plate installed on a slope, and FIGS. 6A to 6D are explanatory diagrams showing a conventional construction method. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Earth, 2... Slope, 3... Structured reinforcing bars for plates, 3a... Reinforcing bars for plates, 3a'... Bent ends, 3b... Net formwork, 4... Wire, 5... …
Anchor member, 6... Fluid hardening material, 7... Drill, 8... Anchor bolt, 9... Nut.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Set reinforcing bars for plates, which are constructed by integrally attaching mesh formwork around reinforcing bars for plates arranged in a lattice pattern, on the slope of the ground or on the excavated surface of the ground, A fluid hardening material such as concrete or mortar is filled into the reinforcing steel for the plate, and is sprayed onto the outer surface of the mesh formwork to form a large plate. After the fluid hardening material has hardened, the large plate is A method of constructing a bearing plate, which comprises: driving one anchor bolt through the central part of the bearing plate into the ground to fix it, and tightening and fixing the large plate to the anchor bolt to support the ground. 2. The bearing plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, at the same time as spraying and forming the large plate, a fluid hardening material is also sprayed on the slope of the surrounding ground, the excavated surface of the ground, etc. construction method.