JPH0549776B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a construction method for structures, particularly wooden houses.

(Prior art) Traditionally, structures, especially wooden houses, have been assembled and fixed by fitting tenons provided on beams, girders, etc. into mortises provided on pillars erected on the foundation, and then joining them. The main part of the house frame is formed by fixing appropriate connecting hardware to the parts and strengthening the joints.

Also, as the floor area of a house increases or the height increases, such as a two-story building, the weight of roof-related components and wind pressure on the pillars increases, so thicker pillars are used to accommodate this. are doing.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Timber construction, which involves fitting columns, beams, girders, etc. that form the frame of a house, is difficult and requires a considerable amount of skill. They have to rely on highly skilled carpenters, and on top of that, it takes time to assemble the wood, which inevitably leads to higher labor costs for housing construction, which ultimately increases housing construction costs.

In addition, the strength of the joints with tenons on beams and girders inevitably decreases when they are assembled with wood, so beams and girders, and even columns, must have a larger cross-sectional area than calculated, which reduces the increase in material costs. I will invite you.

Furthermore, since there is currently a severe shortage of wood resources, it is difficult to obtain thick pillars that meet the requirements, or even if they are available, they are expensive, resulting in an increase in housing construction costs. For this reason, measures have been taken to increase the strength by using pillars that are thinner than the required standards and fixing them using connection fittings, but this method inevitably lacks the strength of the house.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made by paying attention to such conventional problems. By using the combination support that was developed under the , there is no need for difficult wooden assembling as in the past, so it can be easily assembled even by a carpenter.Furthermore, there is almost no need for preparatory work for timber assembling, which reduces the overall labor cost. Costs can be significantly reduced, and since thick columns are not required, they are easy to obtain.Furthermore, even with thin columns, the required strength of the house can be maintained, and since there is no woodwork, beams and girders can be used. The purpose of this project is to solve the above-mentioned problems by reducing the cost of materials by using a material with a calculated cross-sectional area, and by combining the two to reduce housing construction costs.

In the present invention, four elongated members having at least two adjacent and orthogonal planes are arranged so that the respective planes are opposed to each other by a required width to form a gap that intersects in a cross shape in cross section. A combination support is erected in place of the pillar with its lower end fixed to the upper surface of the foundation or foundation using an appropriate method, and beams, girders, rafters, etc. This is a structure construction method characterized by forming the main part of the framework of the structure by inserting one of them and fixing it to the two sandwiched long members with bolts, nuts, etc., and spanning the combined support.

(Function) Instead of columns, a combination support consisting of four long members is erected with the lower end fixed on the top surface of the foundation or foundation using an appropriate method, and beams or girders are placed between the erected opposing combination support. straddle it, insert its end into the gap,
The main part of the house frame is formed by tightening the ends and the long members held together with bolts, nuts, etc., and constructing beams and girders between the combined struts, which eliminates the need for conventional difficult timber framing. No preparatory work is required and the assembly work is easy, making it extremely easy to construct a house, and even a so-called hammer carpenter can easily construct the house.

The combination column is separated into four long members, the lower end of which is fixed to the upper surface of the foundation or foundation,
Furthermore, beams and girders are inserted in the gaps where the long members face each other at the top, and both are tightened and fixed with bolts, etc., so that the long members have small cracks in order to demonstrate their functional strength as a complete column. Since it can be used even with a large area, it is easy to obtain even when wood resources are in short supply, and it is also relatively inexpensive, contributing to a reduction in construction costs.

In addition, the beams and girders inserted into the combination supports are not supplemented with woodwork at their ends, which prevents a decrease in strength and allows the use of beams and girders with calculated cross-sectional areas.
Furthermore, since there is no need for connecting fittings as in the past, an increase in construction costs can be suppressed.

Also, when conventionally installing wall panels between pillars,
This was compensated for by machining grooves on the pillars, but since the combined struts have vertical gaps, no machining is required and installation can be done quickly.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below based on an example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. 1 is a base fixed to the upper surface of a rectangular cloth foundation 2 with an anchor bolt, and is provided with a protrusion 3 having a rectangular cross section and having an appropriate width and height in the length direction at the center in the width direction on the upper surface; Four long wooden members each having a square cross section are placed on the upper surface of each of the four corners and the center of each linear portion of the base 1, and the protrusions 3 are sandwiched therebetween so as to form a gap of the required width that intersects in a criss-cross shape in the cross section. In addition, a combined support post is arranged in place of a pillar by arranging adjacent ones on the same side with a required gap, and fixing the lower end to the protrusion 3 with a bolt/nut 5.
4 ₁ , 4 ₃ , 4 ₅ , 4 ₇ are at the four corners of base 1, 4 ₂ , 4 ₄ ,
4 ₆ and 4 ₈ are erected at the center of the straight portion of the base 1, respectively.

6 is a beam erected in the center of the straight part of the foundation 1 and held in a cross shape at the required height between the opposing combination supports 4 ₂ and 4 ₆ and 4 ₆ and 4 ₈ ; 6 ₁ is the combination support Between 4 ₂ and 4 ₆ , 6 ₂ is placed between the combination struts 4 ₄ and 4 ₈ , respectively, and both ends of the 6 2 are placed between the combination struts 4 ₂ and 4 ₆ .
It is inserted into the gap between the beams 6 ₁ and 4 ₈ and fixed with bolts and nuts 5 to opposing elongated members that sandwich the beams 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ . The intersection of beams 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ is a recessed joint.

7 is the combination support 4 ₁ , 4 above both ends of the beam 6 _2
The combined struts _{4 1 , 4 8} , 4 _{7 ,} and 4
This is a girder in which ₃ , 4 ₄ , and 4 ₅ are connected and fixed.

Reference numeral 8 denotes the tips of the combined supports 4 ₄ and 4 ₈ that hold the beam 6 ₂ , with an appropriate gap between them and the beam 6 ₂ and both ends protruding outward from the combined supports 4 ₄ and 4 ₈ .
As in ₂ , combine the pillars ₄ with bolts and nuts 5.
The ridgepole 9 is installed between the ridgepole ₈ and the beam 62, and 9 is the shed bundle installed near the center of the ridgepole 8 and the beam ₆₂ .

10 is a combination of columns 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ , and 4 ₅ , 4
At the tips of ₆ and 4 ₇ , install 4 of the same size as the ridgepole 8 at a position where an appropriate roof slope is formed with the ridgepole 8.
This is an eave girder which is fixedly held by bolts and nuts 5 to opposing elongated members which are inserted through the respective gaps and held between them by protruding outward from ₁ , 4 _{3 and} 4 5 , 4 ₇ .

Reference numeral 11 denotes a roof rafter stretched between the purlin 8 and the eaves beam 10 at an appropriate interval.

A foundation 1, a plurality of combined supports 4, cross-shaped beams 6, girders 7, purlins 8, eaves beams 10, etc. form the main part of the house frame.

Between each combination pillar 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ to 4 ₇ , 4 ₈ 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ ,
Using the gaps facing 4 ₂ and 4 ₃ to _{4 7} and 4 ₈ , and 4 ₈ and 4 ₁ , fix the rafters at appropriate locations, attach related parts for windows and doors, and attach walls to other locations. A wall is formed by attaching panels or fixing rafters, holes, etc. Furthermore, after nailing field boards onto the roof rafters 11, roof panels and the like are stretched to construct the house.

In this case, a combination support 4 consisting of four elongated members erected instead of a pillar is fixed at its lower end to the base 1 via the protrusion 3 by utilizing the intersecting gap in a cross shape. The upper ends of the beams 6, girders 7, ridgepoles 8, eaves beams 10, etc. are tightened with bolts and nuts 5, connecting and fixing the combined columns 4 together to form the main part of the frame of the house, which is difficult to do in the past. Since no wood framing is required, there is no need for preparatory work, and assembly work is easy, making house construction extremely easy, and even an unskilled carpenter can do it easily.

The combination support 4 is separated into four elongated members, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the foundation 2 or foundation 1, and beams 6, girders 7, purlins 8, etc. are installed in the gaps between the elongated members above. Insert the bolts and
Since it is tightened and fixed with nuts 5, etc., it exhibits functional strength as a complete pillar, so it can be used even with small cross-sectional areas for long members, so it can be obtained even when wood resources are insufficient. It is easy to do so and is relatively inexpensive, contributing to a reduction in construction costs.

In addition, the ends of the beams 6 and girders 7 inserted between the combined columns are not processed, so their strength does not decrease, and the calculated cross-sectional area can be used. Since no reinforcement is required, the increase in construction costs is suppressed.

In addition, in the past, when constructing windows, doorways, walls, etc., laborious work was done on columns, rafters, etc.;
Since the holes and the like can be easily held, the above-mentioned processing is not required and attachment can be carried out quickly. Furthermore, when installing wall panels to create walls between pillars, conventionally the pillars were supplemented with groove machining, but since the combined pillar 4 has both longitudinal gaps, no machining is required and installation can be done easily and quickly.

In the above embodiment, a longitudinal protrusion 3 was provided on the upper surface of the base 2, and the lower end of the combination support 4 was fixed with a bolt/nut 5 through the protrusion 3, but the flat base 1 without the protrusion 3 The combination strut 4 may be fixed to the surface of the assembly with bolts and nuts 5 using an L-shaped metal fitting 12 as shown in FIG. 4, a cross-shaped fixing member 13 as shown in FIG. Any fixing member may be used as long as it can securely maintain the gap between the columns 4 and firmly fix the lower end.

Further, although the lower end of the combination support 4 is fixed to the base 1 fixed to the upper surface of the cloth foundation 2, the lower end may be fixed via a fixing member directly fixed to a foundation without the base 1.

Furthermore, although the combination support 4 is composed of four long wooden members with a square cross section, it is not necessary to use long members with a square cross section if a cross-sectional cross-sectional gap of an appropriate width is formed. Alternatively, it may be a long member having at least two adjacent planes in the width direction and perpendicular to each other, for example, a log cut into quarters at the center, with the cut surfaces facing the gap, Furthermore, the four elongated members do not have to have the same cross-sectional area. Further, although the combination support 4 is constructed of a long wooden member, it may instead be made of an angle member made of iron or aluminum, a hollow rectangular member, a prismatic pillar made of synthetic resin, or the like.

Also, a cross-shaped beam 6 ₁ held by the combination support 4 ,
6 ₂ was joined in the center with a gap, but instead of this, a curved beam may be used to allow the two to intersect.

Also, using one long elongated member, the combination support 4
However, a connecting member 14 as shown in FIG.
Insert into the gap between the upper and lower combination struts 4' and 4'',
As shown in the figure, it may be a combined support column in which the upper and lower sections are connected by fixing them with bolts and nuts 5. Further, this connecting member 14 may be inserted in the middle of the combination strut 4 and used to increase the strength of the combination strut 4.

(Effects of the invention) (1) By using elongated members with a small cross-sectional area to form a combined column, it is possible to have functional strength comparable to that of a single column with the outer circumference dimension, so the material used can be reduced. The savings contribute to reducing the cost of construction materials for structures.

(2) Since long members with a small cross-sectional area are used to make the combined support, wood can be easily and inexpensively obtained even in the current situation where wood resources are in short supply, reducing the construction cost of structures, especially wooden houses. Contributes to the reduction of

(3) By using the gaps between the combined supports, beams, girders, etc. can be held without the need for conventional timber framing, making assembly operations easier and reducing work time, thereby reducing labor costs for constructing structures.

(4) Beams, girders, etc. are held by inserting their ends into the gaps between the combined supports, so the strength of the materials used at the joints is not reduced, so materials with calculated cross-sectional areas can be used. Furthermore, there is no need for reinforcement with connecting fittings, allowing for rationalization of materials and work.

(5) By utilizing the gaps between the combined struts,
This makes it easier to construct windows, doorways, walls, etc., and speeds up construction work.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 3 are schematic diagrams of the main parts of a housing frame showing one embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a front view and Figure 2 being a front view.
The figure is a side view, Fig. 3 is a plan view, Figs. The figures show a fixing member, A is a plan view, B is a side view, and FIG. 6 is a connecting member, A is a perspective view, B is a plan view, and C is a side view. 1...Foundation, 2...Fabric foundation, 3...Protrusion, 4
(4 ₁ , 4 ₂ - 4 ₇ , 4 ₈ )...Combination strut, 6 (6 ₁ ,
6 ₂ )...Beam, 7...Girder, 13...Fixing member, 1
4...Connection member.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Four elongated members having at least two adjacent and orthogonal planes are made to face each other with a required width so as to form a gap that intersects in a cross-shape in cross section. , the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the foundation or foundation using an appropriate method, and the lower end is fixed to the upper surface of the foundation or foundation and is erected in place of the column, and beams, girders, A construction method for a structure, characterized in that the main part of the frame of the structure is formed by inserting either a rafter or the like and fixing it to both clamped elongated members with bolts, nuts, etc. and spanning between the combined supports. 2. Using a combination strut that is erected by fitting the gap at the lower end of the combined strut into a protrusion provided in the longitudinal direction at the center of the width direction on the upper surface of the base, and fixing each elongated member to the protrusion. A structure construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The method of constructing a structure according to claim 1, which uses a combination support column fixed by a fixing member fixed to the upper surface of a foundation or foundation. 4. A construction method for a structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a combination strut in which four elongated members are connected in the length direction by a connecting member is used.