JPH0558217B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0558217B2 JPH0558217B2 JP60292920A JP29292085A JPH0558217B2 JP H0558217 B2 JPH0558217 B2 JP H0558217B2 JP 60292920 A JP60292920 A JP 60292920A JP 29292085 A JP29292085 A JP 29292085A JP H0558217 B2 JPH0558217 B2 JP H0558217B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- polar monomer
- sealing
- ethylene
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
- H01M50/193—Organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Description
[発明の利用分野]
本発明は、シール材でシールしてなる電池に関
し、さらに詳しくはエチレン/極性モノマー共重
合体を含むイソブチレン系重合体からなるシール
材で電池封口部を封止してなる電池に関する。
[従来技術とその問題点]
アルカリ電解液を使用するいわゆるアルカリ電
池は、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなどの
アルカリ水溶液特有のクリープ特性のために、従
来より種々のシール材の利用が提案されている。
たとえば特公昭46−16449号公報には、合成ゴ
ム製のガスケツトおよび封口蓋により封口せしめ
るアルカリ電池においてn−ブチレンとイソブチ
レンとの共重合体を主とする塗布材を開口部の間
隙にシールする技術が開示されている。
さらに特開昭55−59655号公報には有機電解質
を用いるリチウム電池のシール材としてもポリイ
ソブチレンが応用されている。
しかしながら、これらのn−ブチレンとイソブ
チレンの共重合体や、ポリイソブチレンなどは必
ずしもその耐漏液性が十分とはいえずさらに改良
が望まれていた。
本発明は、上記従来技術の問題点を解消するた
めになされたもので、耐漏液性の良好な電池を提
供することを目的とする。
[発明の構成]
前述の目的を達成するために、本発明の電池
は、極性モノマーを1〜30重量%共重合させるこ
とにより得られたエチレン/極性モノマー共重合
体を0.5〜30重量%含む平均分子量約700〜10000
のイソブチレンを主とする重合体からなるシール
材で電池封口部の間隙をシールしてなることを特
徴とする。
以下、本発明を添付図面に基づいてさらに詳し
く説明する。
第1図は本発明の一実施例に係る電池の封口部
を示す。
同図に示す電池では、鉄製の陰極端子を兼ねる
電池ケース1に、水酸化ニツケルを陽極、カドミ
ウムを陰極とした発電要素を収納し、30%を水酸
化カリウム水溶液からなる電解液を適量注入して
いる。そして通常の電池と同様に、ガスケツト2
および封口板3により電池ケース1の開口部を封
口している。
本発明の特徴部分であるシール材4は、電池の
封口部の間隙部5に封入される。シール材4は適
宜の流動性を有しているので、塗布、浸漬、ハケ
塗り、注入などのいずれの充填方法によつても上
記間隙部5を封止することができる。
なお、本発明の封口部の間隙には、場合により
ガスケツト2と電極(第2図)との間隙も含まれ
る。
上記シール材4はイソブチレンを主たるモノマ
ーとして重合してなる重合体であつて、イソブチ
レンのホモポリマーまたはイソブチレンとn−ブ
テンのコポリマーなどがある。これらは日本石油
化学株式会社の商品名:日石ポリブテン、テトラ
ツクスなどとして容易に入手できる。またその平
均分子量は700〜10000のものが好ましい。700未
満のものは低粘度のために、シール性が不十分で
ある。また平均分子量が10000を越えると、高粘
度となり過ぎて塗布などの取扱い作業が困難とな
るので好ましくない。
本発明においては、上記イソブチレン系重合体
に、エチレン/極性モノマー共重合体を0.5〜30
重量%添加、混合して用いることが特徴とされ
る。
本発明でいうエチレン/極性モノマー共重合体
における極性モノマーは、エチレンと共重合可能
なものが使用できるが、例えばC2〜C4のカルボ
ン酸のビニルエステル、アクリル酸、メタアクリ
ル酸、およびアクリル酸またはメタアルリル酸の
C1〜C4アルコールのエステル、さらに一酸化炭
素などが挙げられ、これらは混合してエチレンと
共重合することができる。好ましい極性モノマー
は、酢酸ビニル、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸
エチルなどであり、特に好ましい極性モノマー酢
酸ビニル、アクリル酸エチルである。したがつて
特に好ましいエチレン/極性モノマー共重合体
は、エチレン/酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)、エ
チレン/アクリル酸エチル共重合体(EEA)で
ある。EVAは、たとえば日石レクスロンエバ
(日本石油化学株式会社)あるいはエバフレツク
ス(三井・デユポンケミカル株式会社)、また
EEAはEEAポリマー(日本ユニカー株式会社)
などの商品名で市販されている。
上記エチレン/極性モノマー共重合体は、上記
極性モノマーを1〜30重量%、好ましくは2〜28
重量%含有することが望ましい。極性モノマーの
含有量がこの範囲をはずれる場合はシール効果が
不充分となり好ましくない。
上記エチレン/極性モノマー共重合体のメルト
インデツクス(MI)は0.1以上、好ましくは0.5以
上であればよい。0.1より小さいMIでは、共重合
体がイソブチレン系重合体に溶解し難く、ひいて
はシール効果が不充分となる。MIの上限値は特
に限定されないが、実用上は200程度である。
上記エチレン/極性モノマー共重合体は、イソ
ブチレン系重合体に0.5〜30重量%添加、混合さ
れる。エチレン/極性モノマー共重合体の混合割
合がこの範囲をはずれる場合はいずれもシール効
果が不充分となり好ましくない。
イソブチレン系重合体とエチレン/極性モノマ
ー共重合体の混合は、適宜の混合方法、たとえ
ば、ミキサー、バンバリーミキサー、エクストル
ーダーなどを利用して混合する方法などによるこ
とができる。
本発明は、上記したように電池ケースと該ケー
スに発電要素を収納して該電池ケースの開口部を
封口してなる電池に適用でき、特にアルカリ電
池、またはジメトキシエタン、プロピレンカーボ
ネート、テトラハイドロフランなどのアプロチツ
クな極性溶媒を用いるリチウム電池と称される電
池およびマンガン電池などに好適である。
[実施例および比較例]
以下、本発明を実施例および比較例に基づいて
具体的に説明する。
第1図に示す構造の本発明に係る電池(実施
例)と、従来のシール材を使用した電池(比較
例)とを作製し、比較を行なつた。
作製した電池は単2型(サイズ:径25mm、高さ
50mm、1.5Ah)のものをそれぞれ25個である。
これらの電池を、通常の方法で充放電を繰返し
た後に、温度40℃、湿度95%の雰囲気下で保存し
た。その後封口部からの漏液の状態を観察した。
結果は漏液した電池の数として第1表に示す。
[Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a battery sealed with a sealing material, and more specifically, a battery sealed with a sealing material made of an isobutylene polymer containing an ethylene/polar monomer copolymer. Regarding batteries. [Prior art and its problems] In so-called alkaline batteries that use alkaline electrolytes, the use of various sealing materials has been proposed due to the creep characteristics peculiar to alkaline aqueous solutions such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. There is. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-16449 discloses a technique for sealing a coating material mainly made of a copolymer of n-butylene and isobutylene into the gap between openings in an alkaline battery that is sealed with a synthetic rubber gasket and a sealing lid. is disclosed. Further, in JP-A-55-59655, polyisobutylene is applied as a sealing material for lithium batteries using organic electrolytes. However, these copolymers of n-butylene and isobutylene, polyisobutylene, etc. do not necessarily have sufficient leakage resistance, and further improvements have been desired. The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery with good leakage resistance. [Structure of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the battery of the present invention contains 0.5 to 30% by weight of an ethylene/polar monomer copolymer obtained by copolymerizing 1 to 30% by weight of a polar monomer. Average molecular weight about 700-10000
It is characterized by sealing the gap in the battery sealing part with a sealing material made of a polymer mainly composed of isobutylene. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a sealed portion of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the battery shown in the figure, a power generating element with a nickel hydroxide anode and a cadmium cathode is housed in a battery case 1, which also serves as an iron cathode terminal, and an appropriate amount of electrolyte consisting of a 30% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution is injected. ing. Then, as with a normal battery, gasket 2
The opening of the battery case 1 is sealed by a sealing plate 3. A sealing material 4, which is a feature of the present invention, is sealed in a gap 5 in a sealing part of a battery. Since the sealing material 4 has appropriate fluidity, the gap 5 can be sealed by any filling method such as coating, dipping, brushing, or injection. Incidentally, the gap between the sealing portion of the present invention includes the gap between the gasket 2 and the electrode (FIG. 2) as the case may be. The sealing material 4 is a polymer formed by polymerizing isobutylene as a main monomer, such as an isobutylene homopolymer or a copolymer of isobutylene and n-butene. These are easily available under the trade names of Nippon Petrochemicals Co., Ltd., such as Nippon Oil Polybutene and Tetrax. Moreover, the average molecular weight is preferably 700 to 10,000. If it is less than 700, the sealing performance is insufficient due to low viscosity. Moreover, if the average molecular weight exceeds 10,000, the viscosity becomes too high and handling operations such as coating become difficult, which is not preferable. In the present invention, 0.5 to 30% of the ethylene/polar monomer copolymer is added to the isobutylene polymer.
It is characterized by being added in weight percent and used by mixing. The polar monomer in the ethylene/polar monomer copolymer used in the present invention can be one that is copolymerizable with ethylene, such as vinyl esters of C2 to C4 carboxylic acids, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and acrylic acid. acid or meta-allylic acid
Examples include esters of C1 - C4 alcohols and carbon monoxide, which can be mixed and copolymerized with ethylene. Preferred polar monomers include vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, and ethyl acrylate, with the particularly preferred polar monomers being vinyl acetate and ethyl acrylate. Therefore, particularly preferred ethylene/polar monomer copolymers are ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and ethylene/ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA). EVA is, for example, Nisseki Rexron Eva (Japan Petrochemicals Co., Ltd.) or Evaflex (Mitsui-DuPont Chemical Co., Ltd.), or
EEA stands for EEA polymer (Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.)
It is commercially available under product names such as. The above ethylene/polar monomer copolymer contains 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 2 to 28% by weight of the above polar monomer.
It is desirable to contain % by weight. If the content of the polar monomer is outside this range, the sealing effect will be insufficient, which is not preferable. The melt index (MI) of the ethylene/polar monomer copolymer may be at least 0.1, preferably at least 0.5. If the MI is smaller than 0.1, the copolymer will be difficult to dissolve in the isobutylene-based polymer, resulting in insufficient sealing effect. The upper limit of MI is not particularly limited, but is approximately 200 in practice. The above ethylene/polar monomer copolymer is added and mixed in an amount of 0.5 to 30% by weight to the isobutylene polymer. If the mixing ratio of ethylene/polar monomer copolymer is out of this range, the sealing effect will be insufficient, which is not preferable. The isobutylene polymer and the ethylene/polar monomer copolymer can be mixed by any appropriate mixing method, for example, by using a mixer, a Banbury mixer, an extruder, or the like. As described above, the present invention can be applied to a battery including a battery case, a power generation element housed in the case, and an opening of the battery case sealed, and particularly to alkaline batteries or dimethoxyethane, propylene carbonate, tetrahydrofuran. It is suitable for batteries called lithium batteries and manganese batteries that use approach polar solvents such as. [Examples and Comparative Examples] The present invention will be specifically described below based on Examples and Comparative Examples. A battery according to the present invention having the structure shown in FIG. 1 (Example) and a battery using a conventional sealing material (Comparative Example) were manufactured and compared. The fabricated battery is AA type (size: diameter 25 mm, height
50mm, 1.5Ah), 25 pieces each. These batteries were repeatedly charged and discharged in the usual manner and then stored in an atmosphere at a temperature of 40° C. and a humidity of 95%. Thereafter, the state of leakage from the sealing part was observed.
The results are shown in Table 1 as the number of batteries that leaked.
【表】
備考:
*1:商品名 日石ポリブテンHV−300(日本石
油化学株式会社製)
*2:日石レクスロンエバ(MI:2.0、酢酸ビニ
ル含量:5.0重量%)
[発明の効果]
以上説明したように、本発明に使用するシール
材は、イソブチレン系重合体特有の性質であるい
わゆるコールドフローが少ないので、本発明の電
池は長期間の保存においても耐漏液性が良好であ
る。また、このシール材には極性モノマーを共重
合した共重合体が添加されているので金属面に対
する粘着力が増大し、シール効果がさらに改善さ
れている。また、このシール材はアルカリ電解液
にも安定であるので、本発明の電池はアルカリ電
解液を用いたものであつても長期間の使用に耐え
るものである。さらに、本発明に使用するシール
材は適宜の粘度を有しているので、注入、塗布な
どの取扱い作業が容易であり、したがつて本発明
の電池はその製造が容易である。[Table] Notes:
*1: Product name Nisseki Polybutene HV-300 (manufactured by Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd.)
*2: Nisseki Rexron Eva (MI: 2.0, vinyl acetate content: 5.0% by weight)
[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, since the sealing material used in the present invention has little so-called cold flow, which is a property unique to isobutylene polymers, the battery of the present invention has leakage resistance even during long-term storage. is good. Furthermore, since this sealing material contains a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a polar monomer, its adhesion to metal surfaces is increased and the sealing effect is further improved. Further, since this sealing material is stable even in an alkaline electrolyte, the battery of the present invention can withstand long-term use even when using an alkaline electrolyte. Furthermore, since the sealing material used in the present invention has an appropriate viscosity, handling operations such as injection and coating are easy, and therefore, the battery of the present invention is easy to manufacture.
第1〜2図は本発明の一実施例に係る電池の封
入口部を示す断面図である。
1……ケース、2……ガスケツト、3……封口
板、4A,4B……シール材、5……封口部の間
隙部。
1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing the sealing opening of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Case, 2... Gasket, 3... Sealing plate, 4A, 4B... Sealing material, 5... Gap part of the sealing part.
Claims (1)
とにより得られたエチレン/極性モノマー共重合
体を0.5〜30重量%含む平均分子量約700〜10000
のイソブチレンを主とする重合体からなるシール
材で電池封口部をシールしてなることを特徴とす
る電池。 2 前記極性モノマーが、C2〜C4のカルボン酸
のビニルエステル、アクリル酸、メタアクリル
酸、およびアクリル酸またはメタアルリル酸の
C1〜C4アルコールのエステルから選ばれる前記
特許請求の範囲第1項記載の電池。[Claims] 1. An average molecular weight of approximately 700 to 10,000 containing 0.5 to 30% by weight of an ethylene/polar monomer copolymer obtained by copolymerizing 1 to 30% by weight of a polar monomer.
A battery characterized in that a battery sealing part is sealed with a sealing material made of a polymer mainly composed of isobutylene. 2 The polar monomer is a vinyl ester of C 2 to C 4 carboxylic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
A battery according to claim 1, selected from esters of C1 to C4 alcohols.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60292920A JPS62154553A (en) | 1985-12-27 | 1985-12-27 | Battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60292920A JPS62154553A (en) | 1985-12-27 | 1985-12-27 | Battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62154553A JPS62154553A (en) | 1987-07-09 |
| JPH0558217B2 true JPH0558217B2 (en) | 1993-08-26 |
Family
ID=17788111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60292920A Granted JPS62154553A (en) | 1985-12-27 | 1985-12-27 | Battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62154553A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004311069A (en) * | 2003-04-02 | 2004-11-04 | Toshiba Battery Co Ltd | Alkaline battery |
| DE102018010001A1 (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-02 | FRÖTEK Vermögensverwaltung GmbH | Plug of a battery |
-
1985
- 1985-12-27 JP JP60292920A patent/JPS62154553A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62154553A (en) | 1987-07-09 |
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