JPH0558852B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an automatic creation device for NC machining data, and in particular to an NC machine tool suitable for machining in which chips are continuously entangled with a machining tool. The present invention relates to an intermittent machining data creation device.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, NC machine tools have become increasingly important as a key driver of automation in production factories. This means that improvements in processing efficiency and processing quality accompanying automation are always strictly required.

Automated machining is particularly fraught with problems caused by chips. In other words, in machining, continuous chips generated during machining often become entangled with the machining tool, and the problem becomes even more severe when the workpiece is a non-ferrous metal material such as pure copper or aluminum, or when machining a long hole. It becomes noticeable.

Conventionally, there have been tools that generate intermittent chips by devising the shape of the cutting edge of a processing tool, but these tools are mainly used for steel materials and are not suitable for the above-mentioned processing. There is also a method of periodically varying the feed rate of the tool post, but problems remain in machining efficiency and machining quality.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The current state of automation in NC machining has the problem of reduced machining efficiency and machining quality due to chips.

The present invention aims to solve the above problems. That is, the present invention uses a complex NC lathe (hereinafter referred to as a turning center) with an added milling function, and also automatically creates NC machining data for interrupted machining using an interactive automatic programming device. , create intermittent machining data for grooving and drilling so that chips are generated intermittently before machining the workpiece.

[Means for solving problems]

The means for solving the above-mentioned problems of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 showing the configuration of the present invention.
In an interrupted machining data creation device for an NC machine tool that creates intermittent machining data for pre-machining that may generate chips intermittently using a lathe, the material drawing data 21 and machining necessary to create intermittent machining data 6 are used. A data file 20 that stores diagram data 22, various judgment data 23, intermittent machining tool data 24, intermittent machining condition data 25, etc. as a file.
and an intermittent machining area processing means 30 that uses the material drawing data 21 and machining drawing data 22 to set a machining area to be subjected to intermittent machining in response to an intermittent machining setting command.
, an intermittent machining process processing means 40 that divides and sets data of a machining area to be intermittent machining based on the determination data 23 into machining areas for each interrupted machining process of outer periphery, end face, and inner periphery; Based on the tool data 24, it is determined whether to perform axial hole machining or radial groove machining for the inner circumferential intermittent machining area, and set an interrupted machining tool for hole machining or groove machining. , an interrupted machining tool processing means 50 that sets an interrupted machining tool that performs axial groove machining on the outer peripheral interrupted machining area, and sets an interrupted machining tool that performs radial groove machining on the end face interrupted machining area; Based on the judgment data 23, the data for each interrupted machining process in which the intermittent machining tool is set is divided into outer circumferential groove machining, end face groove machining, inner circumferential groove machining,
Based on the interrupted machining order processing means 60 that sets the machining order in the order of inner circumferential hole machining and the interrupted machining condition data 25, the machining conditions of the interrupted machining tool are set in data for each interrupted machining process in which the interrupted machining order is set. It consists of an intermittent machining condition processing means 70 that stores the intermittent machining data determined by the processing of the means, and an intermittent machining data file 6 that stores machining data that may cause chips to be generated intermittently before turning. The purpose is to provide a device for automatically creating intermittent machining data for NC machine tools.

[Effect]

Reads the material drawing data, machining drawing data, and margin data and sets the intermittent machining area. Using the judgment data, the set interrupted machining area is
The machining process is divided into intermittent machining regions of the end face and inner periphery, and the machining method for the intermittent machining region of the inner periphery is set to either groove machining or hole machining. The set data is further set in the intermittent machining tool determination processing section as data for the outer circumferential groove machining tool, the end face groove machining tool, the internal groove machining tool, and the inner circumferential hole machining tool. Intermittent machining order determination data is input, and the intermittent machining order of each machining process is set. Using the intermittent machining condition data, the intermittent machining conditions required for machining are set, and the data required for NC machining for interrupted machining is automatically created and stored in the intermittent machining data file.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of an intermittent machining data creation device for an NC machine tool embodying the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the present invention has a turning center 1 for loading a workpiece and performing intermittent machining. The turning center 1 is operated according to a central processing section 2 that is connected to an NC machining control section and performs overall control. The NC machining control section is
A machining automatic creation unit 3 that processes machining data for machining, a machining data file 4, and an intermittent machining automatic that processes data for intermittent machining that intermittently generates chips before machining. A creation unit 5, an intermittent machining data file 6, an input/output unit 7 that automatically creates various machining data in an interactive format, a machining data exchange unit 8 that converts the automatically created machining data into a part program, and an NC machining data file 6. The machine includes an automatic NC machining program creation device 9 that creates a program, and the created NC machining program is supplied to the turning center 1 via a remote buffer 10. Further, control information is transmitted and received to and from the turning center 1 via the programmable controller 11.

The turning center 1 is schematically configured as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. A workpiece gripped by a chuck (not shown) at the end of the spindle S is rotated at high speed, or indexed and positioned at a predetermined position by the positioning function (referred to as the C-axis) of the spindle S. A tool rest Tr is provided which is movable in two axes X and Z directions in the figure. By numerically controlling the movement of the tool rest Tr from the machine origin, the processing tool T attached to the tool rest Tr cuts the workpiece to the required dimensions. A disk-shaped turret Th is attached to the tool rest Tr so that it can be rotated and positioned, and about ten processing tools T are housed therein. The machining tool T is sequentially indexed to machining positions according to the NC machining program and machining the workpiece. The turning center 1 includes a processing tool T for machining and a milling process (end mill,
It has a processing tool T for drilling, etc.). In milling, the workpiece is machined while rotating the processing tool T and indexing or positioning the main axis S using the C axis. In machining, machining tool T
The workpiece is machined by rotating the spindle S while fixing it on the turret Th. If there are too many processing tools T required, or if the processing tool T in particular is too thick for the next processing,
If not, a track-like tool magazine Mg is attached to the side of the tool rest Tr, and 30 to 40 machining tools T are prepared in the tool pot Pt.
The twin arm Ar of the ATC (automatic tool changer) replaces and replenishes unnecessary machining tools in the turret Th.

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of the intermittent machining data creation device. FIG. 1 shows the input/output section 1 of FIG.
The main components are a central processing section 2, an automatic intermittent machining creation section 5, and an intermittent machining data file 6. In Figure 1, CPU2, which is the central processing unit,
A display 7 with a keyboard, which is an input/output section, is connected to the input/output circuit 7a through an input/output circuit 7a. In addition, there are various data files 20 necessary for automatically creating intermittent machining data, and an intermittent machining area processing means 30 that inputs material drawing data and machining drawing data and sets a machining area to be subjected to intermittent machining using an intermittent machining setting command. and an intermittent machining process processing means 40 that inputs data and judgment data of the intermittent machining area and divides the machining process into intermittent machining areas of the outer periphery, end face, and inner periphery, and area data and judgment data for each interrupted machining process, and an interrupted machining tool processing means 50 for inputting the intermittent machining tool data and setting the intermittent machining tool;
An interrupted machining order processing means 60 inputs interrupted machining data in which an interrupted machining tool is set, judgment data of an interrupted machining order, and sets an interrupted machining order; The created interrupted machining data file 6 is generally composed of an interrupted machining condition processing means 70 that inputs condition data and sets the interrupted machining conditions, and an interrupted machining data file 6 that stores the interrupted machining data determined by the above processing. The processed data is processed by the processed data converter 8 (second
(Fig.), and finally becomes the data for the NC machining program.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operating procedure of the above device. Hereinafter, the above device will be explained in detail according to the operating procedure.

In the first step of the operation, the operation is first started by an intermittent machining setting command using the display 7 with a keyboard. When the operation is started, material drawing data as shown in FIG. 5a and processing drawing data as shown in FIG. 5b are read. These data are stored in the material drawing data file 21 in Figure 1.
is stored in advance in the processing drawing data file 22. In FIGS. 5a and 5b, the workpiece is a round material, and the upper half from the center axis CL is shown.
Machining drawing data is the final finished shape of the workpiece,
The material drawing data is the shape of the material before processing. These data can be displayed on the display 7 with a keyboard. In the machining area processing setting section 31, as shown in FIG. Set. Next, in the intermittent machining area processing section 32, the fifth
As shown in FIG. d, areas unrelated to the interrupted machining area, such as the rounded part r and groove g on the outer periphery, or the chamfered part m on the inner periphery, are picked up from each machining element and changed to the area shown by the chain line.

In the first stage of the operation, the allowance a in the allowance data memory 34 is read, and as shown in FIG. be done.

The data processed as described above is set in the intermittent machining area setting section 33 in the first stage of the operation.

As a first stage of operation, an interrupted machining process is started. That is, as shown in Fig. 5f, the machining process is divided and set as the intermittent machining area M on the outer periphery (the first stage of the operation).
Then, after determining whether the interrupted machining area M is the interrupted machining of the end face (step of the operation), the interrupted machining area of the end face is determined.
The machining process is divided and set as Mb (the first stage of the operation), and the machining process is divided and set as the intermittent machining area M on the inner circumference as the intermittent machining area Mc (the first stage of the operation). Note that each interrupted machining area Ma, Mb, and Mc is an area of milling machining before machining, and therefore each has an overlapping machining area. In other words, since the milling process is only a part of the workpiece, there are parts that are cut by the milling process and parts that are not.

The determination of the operation stage and the intermittent machining process in the second stage is performed by the intermittent machining process determination unit 41 in FIG.
It is carried out by. The determination of the intermittent machining process is performed based on the determination data input from the determination data file 23. Figure 7 shows the outer periphery interrupted machining area (Figure 7 a), the end face interrupted machining area (Figure 7 b), and the inner periphery interrupted machining area (Figure 7 c) based on the judgment data.
FIG. Figure 7a is a diagram showing the judgment criteria for the outer periphery, and the maximum value of the Z coordinate of the machined shape.
From the X-coordinate point P ₁ of the material shape located at the same position as the point P 1 ' of the maximum X-coordinate value of the machining element at Z nax, move clockwise from the X _- coordinate point P ₁ of the machining element at the minimum Z-coordinate value of the machining shape Z _nio . The machining area between the outline of the material shape up to the X coordinate point P ₂ located at the same position as the maximum value point P _{2 ′} and the material shape is defined as the outer circumferential intermittent machining region Ma.

Fig. 7b is a diagram showing the criteria for determining the end face, and shows the machining area between the machining element having the maximum Z coordinate value Z' _nax of the machining shape and the material element having the maximum Z coordinate value Z _nax of the material shape. Let be the cross-sectional continuous processing area Mb.

Figure 7c is a diagram showing the criteria for determining the inner periphery, where the X-coordinate point of the material shape is located at the same position as the point P _{1 '} of the minimum X-coordinate value of the machining element located at the maximum Z-coordinate value Z nax of the machining shape.
From P ₁ , counterclockwise the minimum Z coordinate value of the machining shape.
The machining area _between the contour and the material shape up to the X coordinate point P 2 of the material shape located at the same position as the point P _{2 ′} of the maximum do.

In FIG. 1, the outer periphery interrupted machining area determined by the interrupted machining process determination section 41 is set by the outer periphery interrupted machining area setting section 42. The determined end face continuous machining area is set by the end face intermittent machining area setting unit 43. Further, the determined inner circumference intermittent machining area is set by the inner circumference intermittent machining area setting section 44.

As the first step of the operation, the inner circumferential intermittent machining method determining section 45 determines the machining method for the set inner circumferential intermittent machining area. That is, it is determined whether the inner circumferential intermittent machining area is to be performed with a groove machining tool (end mill machining) or a hole machining tool (drill machining). In Fig. 10, the machining length l and machining diameter d of the inner periphery interrupted machining area are calculated by the following formula using the length constant kl and diameter constant kd prepared for each workpiece material registered as judgment data. judge.

If l > kl and d < kd, hole drilling with drill D _R (Fig. 10 a, b); otherwise,
Groove machining with end mill En (Fig. 10 c, d)
shall be.

As the first step of the operation, a determination process is performed to set the intermittent machining tool for each machining process. These are the outer periphery groove machining tool determination processing section 46 and the end face groove machining tool determination processing section 4 in FIG.
7. Performed by the inner circumferential groove machining tool determination processing section 48a and the inner circumferential hole machining tool determination processing section 48b. The data of the intermittent machining tool data file 24 is input, and the T code, type of tool, tool diameter, machinable length, applicable workpiece material, etc. are used.

Figures 8a and b show the outer circumferential groove machining tool E _N.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram when machining an outer circumferential intermittent machining area Ma. Intermittent machining on the outer periphery is in the -Z direction (i.e. in the axial direction)
Groove machining is performed on the tool, but the machining length Tl and machining depth t of the tool are Tl > t, and the machining diameter d, tool diameter Td, and peripheral tool setting constant K ₁ registered as judgment data are d/Td > Processing tools that satisfy K ₁ are applicable.

Figures 9a and b show that the end groove machining tool E _N is used to
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram when processing an end face interrupted processing region Mb. End face interrupted machining is in the -X direction (i.e. radial direction)
Add grooves to the surface. The determination conditions are Tl>t and d/Td>K ₂ (end face tool setting constant).

Figures 10a and b show the inner hole machining tool D _R.
Inner periphery interrupted machining area Mc in -Z direction (i.e. axial direction)
FIG. 10c is an explanatory diagram for drilling a hole in
d is an explanatory diagram when the inner circumferential groove machining tool E grooves the inner circumferential intermittent machining region Mc in the −X direction (that is, the radial direction). The judgment condition is d/Td>K ₃ (inner circumferential tool setting constant) in all cases.

Each determination processing unit 46, 47, 48a, and 48
In b, further consideration is given to machining a plurality of times depending on the machining direction dr and the machining depth t, and to machining a plurality of grooves and holes depending on the machining diameter d.

In the first stage of operation, the data of the intermittent machining tool that has been subjected to the determination process described above is sent to the intermittent machining tool setting section 4.
9.

Next, as the first step of the operation, an intermittent machining order for each machining area is set. In the intermittent machining order processing section 61 of FIG. 1, machining order processing is performed based on determination data. The machining order is determined according to the priority order: 1. Outer circumference groove machining, 2. End face groove machining, 3. Inner circumference groove machining, 4. Inner circumference hole machining, and is set by the interrupted machining order setting unit 62. .

In the final step of the operation, intermittent machining conditions for each machining area are set. The intermittent machining conditions are set based on the condition data of the intermittent machining condition data file 25 in the intermittent machining condition processing section 71 . The machining condition data includes cutting speed V, feed amount per tool rotation f, for each workpiece material, tool type, and type of machining process such as outer circumference, end face, and inner circumference interrupted machining.
It is. Also, the necessity of coolant, the amount of clearance (C ₁ to C ₆ ) as shown in FIG. 10, etc.

Tool revolutions per minute N and tool feed rate F
is determined by N=V/π・Td and F=N・f. Td is the tool diameter shown in FIG.

The processing data processed as described above is set in the intermittent machining condition setting section 72 and stored in the intermittent machining data file 6 set by a series of processes.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, a turning center equipped with a milling function is used to perform groove machining before machining a workpiece by automatic programming for interactive interrupted machining of the device of the present invention. It is now possible to automatically insert and drill machining, and it is now possible to generate chips intermittently.

Therefore, chips during machining do not get tangled with the machining tool, so problems in automation are solved, and there is no need for new equipment for intermittent cutting or special treatment of the cutting tool, and the entire cutting program can be adjusted. Since we were able to solve the problem within the process, we were able to improve machining efficiency and, in turn, improve machining quality. Furthermore, safety during processing has also increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the present invention, FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic configuration diagrams of a turning center, and FIGS. f is an explanatory diagram showing the processing process of the intermittent machining area, FIG. 6 is an operation flowchart of the embodiment, FIGS. 7 a to c are explanatory diagrams showing criteria for judgment data, and FIGS. FIGS. 9a and 9b are explanatory diagrams for end face processing,
FIGS. 10a to 10d are explanatory diagrams of inner circumferential machining. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Turning center, 2... Central processing unit (CPU), 5... Intermittent machining automatic creation unit, 6... Intermittent machining data file, 20... Various data files, 30... Intermittent machining area processing means, 40 ……
Intermittent machining process processing means, 50... Intermittent machining tool processing means, 60... Intermittent machining sequence processing means, 70...
... Intermittent machining condition processing means.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An interrupted machining data creation device for an NC machine tool that creates intermittent machining data for pre-machining in which chips may be generated intermittently using a composite NC lathe having a milling function, comprising: A data file that stores material drawing data, machining drawing data, various judgment data, intermittent machining tool data, intermittent machining condition data, etc. necessary for creating data as a file; and the material drawing data, an intermittent machining area processing means for setting a machining area to be subjected to intermittent machining using machining drawing data; an intermittent machining process processing means that divides and sets machining areas, and performs axial hole machining or radial groove machining in the inner circumferential intermittent machining area based on the discrimination data and the intermittent machining tool data. determine the machining method, set an interrupted machining tool for hole machining or groove machining, set an interrupted machining tool that performs axial groove machining for the outer periphery interrupted machining area, an intermittent machining tool processing means for setting an intermittent machining tool that performs groove machining in the direction; an interrupted machining order processing means that sets a machining order in the order of machining and inner circumferential hole machining, and a machining condition of an intermittent machining tool in data for each interrupted machining process in which an interrupted machining order is set based on the intermittent machining condition data. 1. An intermittent machining data creation device for an NC machine tool, comprising an intermittent machining condition processing means for setting, and an intermittent machining data file for storing intermittent machining data determined by the processing of the means.