JPH0559213B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0559213B2 JPH0559213B2 JP18366888A JP18366888A JPH0559213B2 JP H0559213 B2 JPH0559213 B2 JP H0559213B2 JP 18366888 A JP18366888 A JP 18366888A JP 18366888 A JP18366888 A JP 18366888A JP H0559213 B2 JPH0559213 B2 JP H0559213B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- thickness
- manufacturing
- bottom plate
- cylindrical part
- plastic working
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、コンクリートパイルを地中に打設す
る際、複数本のコンクリートパイルを継ぎ足すた
めに該コンクリートパイルの端部に冠着する継手
金具を製造する方法に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides a joint that is attached to the end of a plurality of concrete piles in order to join a plurality of concrete piles when the concrete piles are placed underground. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing metal fittings.
第２図は従来の継手金具１を冠着したコンクリ
ートパイル２の１例を示す部分断面図である。２
ｂはPC鋼線である。
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view showing an example of a concrete pile 2 to which a conventional joint fitting 1 is attached. 2
b is a PC steel wire.
第３図は上記の継手金具１の拡大断面を示す。
この継手金具は円形平板状の底板１ａと円筒状の
リング１ｂとを別体に構成し、溶接して連結して
ある。１ｃは溶接のビードである。 FIG. 3 shows an enlarged cross section of the above-mentioned joint fitting 1.
This joint fitting consists of a circular flat bottom plate 1a and a cylindrical ring 1b which are separately constructed and connected by welding. 1c is a welding bead.
上記のリング１ｂには２条の円周溝状の凹部１
ｂ−1，１ｂ−2を設けてある。この円周溝状凹部
１ｂ−1，１ｂ−2を設けておくと、凹部の内周面
に突条が形成されてコンクリートパイルに対する
結合が強固になる。 The ring 1b has two circumferential groove-like recesses 1.
b- 1 and 1b- 2 are provided. By providing the circumferential groove-like recesses 1b- 1 and 1b- 2 , a protrusion is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the recess, thereby strengthening the connection to the concrete pile.
上記の従来形継手金具の底板１ａは、所望の強
度を得るため比較的厚く（９〜16mm）構成され、
リング１ｂは重量軽減、コスト低減のため比較的
薄く（1.2〜2.3mm）構成される。 The bottom plate 1a of the above-mentioned conventional fitting is made relatively thick (9 to 16 mm) in order to obtain the desired strength.
The ring 1b is relatively thin (1.2 to 2.3 mm) to reduce weight and cost.
前記の底板１ａには円形の透孔１ａ−1が穿た
れている。このコンクリートパイル２を遠心力工
法で製造する際、上記の透孔１ａ−1はコンクリ
ート注入口としての役目を果たす。 A circular through hole 1a- 1 is bored in the bottom plate 1a. When manufacturing this concrete pile 2 by the centrifugal force method, the above-mentioned through hole 1a- 1 serves as a concrete injection port.
第２図に仮想線で示したように、前記の継手金
具１と、他のコンクリートパイル２′の継手金具
１′とを対向させて溶接する。このため、第３図
に示す如く、底板１ａの周囲に開先用の段付部１
ａ−2が設けられる。 As shown by the imaginary lines in FIG. 2, the above-mentioned joint fitting 1 and the joint fitting 1' of another concrete pile 2' are welded so as to face each other. For this reason, as shown in FIG.
A- 2 is provided.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
上記のような構成の従来形継手金具（第３図）
は、溶接作業や旋削を必要とするため製造工程が
複雑で所要工数が大きくコスト高になる。特に、
前述の如く厚さ寸法の異なる底板１ａとリング１
ｂとを溶接するため溶接が難しく、溶接部の品質
の均一性を保持して歩留りを良くしようとすると
多大の管理コストが掛かる。[Problem to be solved by the invention] Conventional joint fitting configured as above (Fig. 3)
requires welding and turning, making the manufacturing process complicated and requiring a large number of man-hours, resulting in high costs. especially,
As mentioned above, the bottom plate 1a and the ring 1 have different thickness dimensions.
Welding is difficult because welding is performed with b, and a large amount of management cost is required to maintain uniform quality of the welded part and improve yield.
第４図乃至第６図は、従来例における継手金具
の製造工程説明図である。 FIGS. 4 to 6 are explanatory diagrams of the manufacturing process of a conventional joint fitting.
第４図Ａ〜Ｅは底板１ａの製造工程を示す。同
図Ａの如く、楔形断面を有するフラツトバーを素
材として用い、同図Ｂの如くロール成形によつて
コイル状に巻き、これを切断して同図Ｃの如くバ
ネ座金状とし、同図Ｄの如く平面状に成形して継
目を溶接して焼鈍し、同図Ｅの如く開先用の段付
部１ａ−2を旋削する。 FIGS. 4A to 4E show the manufacturing process of the bottom plate 1a. As shown in figure A, a flat bar with a wedge-shaped cross section is used as a raw material, and it is wound into a coil shape by roll forming as shown in figure B, and then cut to form a spring washer shape as shown in figure C, and as shown in figure D. The joint is welded and annealed, and the stepped portion 1a- 2 for the groove is turned as shown in FIG.
上記と別体に、第５図Ａのような鋼帯を同図Ｂ
の如くロール曲げし、同図Ｃの如く円周溝状凹部
１ｂ−1，１ｂ−2を絞り加工で成形する。 Separately from the above, a steel strip as shown in Figure 5A is attached to Figure 5B.
It is rolled and bent as shown in FIG .
そして、第４図Ｅに示した底板１ａと、第５図
Ｃに示したリング１ｂとを第６図のように組合わ
せて溶接する。 Then, the bottom plate 1a shown in FIG. 4E and the ring 1b shown in FIG. 5C are combined and welded as shown in FIG. 6.
従来例の継手金具は、このように製造工程が複
雑である。 As described above, the manufacturing process of the conventional joint fittings is complicated.
本発明は上述の事情に鑑みて為され、製造工程
が簡単で品質管理が容易で、量産に適する低コス
トのコンクリートパイル用継手金具の製造方法を
提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost method of manufacturing a joint fitting for concrete piles, which has a simple manufacturing process, easy quality control, and is suitable for mass production.
上記の目的を達成するため、本発明の継手金具
製造方法は、
(a) 厚さ寸法９乃至16mmの鋼板を素材とし、
(b) 上記の素材から、円形の中心孔を有する円板
状半製品を切り抜き、
(c) 上記半製品の周辺部に冷間塑性加工を施して
厚さ寸法1.2乃至2.3mmの円筒状部を成形し、
(d) 上記円筒状部に絞り加工を施して周方向の２
条の円周溝状凹部を成形し、
(e) 前記(c)の塑性加工の際もしくは該塑性加工と
前後して、円筒状部の底面の周囲を面取りした
形状の円錐面を塑性加工によつて成形する。
In order to achieve the above object, the method for manufacturing a fitting of the present invention includes: (a) using a steel plate with a thickness of 9 to 16 mm as a raw material, and (b) manufacturing a disk-shaped half having a circular center hole from the above-mentioned material. Cut out the product, (c) apply cold plastic working to the periphery of the semi-finished product to form a cylindrical part with a thickness of 1.2 to 2.3 mm, and (d) apply drawing to the cylindrical part to form a cylindrical part with a thickness of 1.2 to 2.3 mm. direction 2
(e) During or before or after the plastic working in (c) above, a conical surface having a chamfered shape around the bottom of the cylindrical part is subjected to plastic working. Twist and shape.
上記の構成によつて製造された継手金具は、厚
さ寸法９乃至16mmの円板状の底板部と、上記底板
の中央部に穿たれた円形の透孔と、上記底板の周
囲に一体に連設された厚さ寸法1.2乃至2.3mmの円
筒状側板部と、上記側板の周方向に設けられた２
条の円周溝状の凹部と、前記円筒状底板部の周囲
を面取りした形状の開先用の円錐面とを有し、か
つ、前記の円筒状側板は冷間塑性加工によつて加
工硬化されている。 The fitting manufactured with the above configuration includes a disc-shaped bottom plate portion with a thickness of 9 to 16 mm, a circular through hole bored in the center of the bottom plate, and a circular hole formed around the bottom plate. A continuous cylindrical side plate portion with a thickness of 1.2 to 2.3 mm, and two side plates provided in the circumferential direction of the side plate.
The cylindrical side plate has a concave portion in the form of a circumferential groove of the strip and a conical surface for a beveling in a shape where the periphery of the cylindrical bottom plate is chamfered, and the cylindrical side plate is work hardened by cold plastic working. has been done.
上記の方法によれば、厚さ寸法９〜16mmの鋼板
を素材として用いるので、その中央部に別段の塑
性加工を施すことなく、その侭で厚さ９〜16mmの
底板部を形成せしめることが出来る。
According to the above method, since a steel plate with a thickness of 9 to 16 mm is used as a material, a bottom plate part with a thickness of 9 to 16 mm can be formed without performing any other plastic working on the central part. I can do it.
この底板部の厚さ寸法が９mm未満では所要の強
度が得られない。 If the thickness of the bottom plate portion is less than 9 mm, the required strength cannot be obtained.
この底板部の厚さ寸法が16mmを越えると材料費
が割高になり、結果的に過剰品質となつて不経済
であるから、上記の９〜16mmが適正範囲である。 If the thickness of the bottom plate portion exceeds 16 mm, the material cost will be relatively high, resulting in excessive quality and being uneconomical, so the above-mentioned range of 9 to 16 mm is appropriate.
前記円筒状部を1.2〜2.3mm厚となるように塑性
変形させるので、溶接工程が不要で加工が容易で
あり、しかも所要の強度と経済性が両立する。 Since the cylindrical portion is plastically deformed to a thickness of 1.2 to 2.3 mm, it is easy to process without the need for a welding process, and it also achieves both the required strength and economical efficiency.
即ち、1.2mm未満の厚さにすると、コンクリー
トの保護強度が不足し、また、2.3mm以上の厚さ
にすると材料費が割高となつて不経済である。こ
うした理由で、側板部の厚さ寸法を1.2〜2.3mmと
することにより、初めて、強度、加工性、経済性
をバランスさせて満足せしめ得る。 That is, if the thickness is less than 1.2 mm, the protective strength of the concrete will be insufficient, and if the thickness is more than 2.3 mm, the material cost will be relatively high, making it uneconomical. For these reasons, by setting the thickness of the side plate portion to 1.2 to 2.3 mm, strength, workability, and economic efficiency can be balanced and satisfied for the first time.
第１図は本発明の製造方法の１実施例における
加工工程の説明図である。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of processing steps in one embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention.
同図Ａは素材の鋼板（図示せず）から切り抜い
た円板状の半製品４を示し、その厚さ寸法はt1で
ある。本発明を実施する際、上記寸法t1を、
９mm≦t1≦16mm
の範囲内に選定する。 Figure A shows a disk-shaped semi-finished product 4 cut out from a steel plate (not shown), and its thickness is t1 . When carrying out the present invention, the above-mentioned dimension t 1 is selected within the range of 9 mm≦t 1 ≦16 mm.
上記の円板４の中央に円形の透孔４ｃを設け
る。本発明において切り抜くとは、プレスによる
打抜や溶断を含む意であつて、切断の方法を問わ
ない。 A circular through hole 4c is provided in the center of the disk 4 described above. In the present invention, the term "cutting out" includes punching with a press and cutting by fusing, and any cutting method may be used.
上記半製品４の周辺部４ｂにプレス絞り加工を
施し、浅いカツプ形の仕掛り品５を成形する（第
１図Ｂ参照）。 The peripheral portion 4b of the semi-finished product 4 is subjected to a press drawing process to form a shallow cup-shaped work-in-progress 5 (see FIG. 1B).
この段階では、その厚さ寸法は（アイヨニング
工法で）、周囲の厚さは0.7t1であり、特に底部の
厚さ寸法はt1のままである。本発明を実施する際
この段階における周囲厚さを0.7t1以上にしよう
とすると工業生産的に不利（大きいプレス設備や
高級潤滑剤が必要）である。 At this stage, its thickness dimension (with eyeloning method) is 0.7t 1 at the perimeter, and especially the thickness at the bottom remains t 1 . When carrying out the present invention, attempting to increase the circumferential thickness at this stage to 0.7t 1 or more is disadvantageous in terms of industrial production (large press equipment and high-grade lubricant are required).
この仕掛り品５の円筒状部にスピニング加工を
施し、第１図Ｃに示す如く厚さ寸法t2（本例にお
いては２mm）の円筒状側板部３ｂを成形すると共
に、底板部３ａの周囲に面取り状の円錐面３ｄを
成形する。この円錐面３ｄは開先としての機能を
果たす部分である。 The cylindrical part of this work-in-progress 5 is subjected to a spinning process to form a cylindrical side plate part 3b having a thickness of t 2 (2 mm in this example) as shown in FIG. A chamfered conical surface 3d is formed on the surface. This conical surface 3d is a portion that functions as a groove.
次に、ロール成形により、２条の円周溝状の凹
部３ｂ−1，３ｂ−2を構成する。 Next, two circumferential groove-shaped recesses 3b- 1 and 3b- 2 are formed by roll forming.
本発明を実施する場合、塑性加工の方法と、そ
の順序は任意に選定することが出来る。本例のよ
うにプレス絞り加工とスピニング加工とを併用す
ると、肉厚変化部に亀裂を生じる虞れ無く、比較
的小規模の設備で、少数の加工工程で、安全・容
易・迅速・高精度に施行できる。 When carrying out the present invention, the plastic working method and its order can be arbitrarily selected. When press drawing and spinning are used together as in this example, there is no risk of cracking in the wall thickness change area, and it is safe, easy, quick, and highly accurate with relatively small-scale equipment and a small number of processing steps. can be enforced.
このようにして構成される継手金具３は、第１
図Ｃに示す如く、その底板部３ａの厚さ寸法が素
材の厚さ寸法t1（本例において12mm）のままであ
る。即ち、底板部３ａは圧延を受けずに構成され
る。 The joint fitting 3 constructed in this way has a first
As shown in Figure C, the thickness of the bottom plate portion 3a remains the same as the thickness t1 of the material (12 mm in this example). That is, the bottom plate portion 3a is constructed without being rolled.
底板部３ａが圧延を受けないということは、一
面において加工成形エネルギが少なくて済むこと
を意味する。その反面、この底板部３ａは塑性変
形に伴う加工硬化を生じないが、この部分は直接
には土砂、礫に触れないので別段の不具合が無
い。 The fact that the bottom plate portion 3a is not subjected to rolling means that, in one aspect, less processing and forming energy is required. On the other hand, although this bottom plate portion 3a does not undergo work hardening due to plastic deformation, this portion does not directly come into contact with earth, sand, or gravel, so there is no particular problem.
これに比して円筒状側板部３ｂは大きい圧延率
で冷間塑性変形するので加工硬化される。このた
めコンクリートパイルを打ち込む際、これに冠着
した継手金具が土砂、礫、軟岩などと激しく衝突
したり摩擦したりしても亀裂や変形を生じる虞れ
が少ない。 In contrast, the cylindrical side plate portion 3b undergoes cold plastic deformation at a large rolling rate and is therefore work hardened. Therefore, when pouring a concrete pile, there is little risk of cracking or deformation even if the joint fitting attached to the concrete pile violently collides with or rubs against earth, sand, gravel, soft rock, etc.
前記の実施例において円周溝状の凹部３ｂ−1，
３ｂ−2の設置個数を２個とした理由は、これを
１個だけにするとコンクリートパイルとの結合が
不完全となる虞れが有ること、並びに、３本若し
くはそれ以上設けても２本の場合に比して実用上
のメリツトが無いにも拘らず製造コストが増加す
ることによる。 In the above embodiment, the circumferential groove-shaped recess 3b- 1 ,
The reason for setting the number of 3b- 2 to two is that if only one is installed, there is a risk that the connection with the concrete pile will be incomplete, and even if three or more are installed, two This is because the manufacturing cost increases, although there is no practical advantage compared to the conventional method.
以上に説明した実施例の継手金具の製造方法
は、溶接作業を含まないので製造工程が簡単で、
溶接に関する面倒な工程管理、品質管理、安全対
策を必要とせず、常温加工で成形することができ
るので量産に適している。その上、底板部の厚さ
及び側板部の厚さが技術的条件と経済性とのバラ
ンスを保つていて、所要の強度を備え、しかも低
コストで生産し得る。 The method for manufacturing the fittings of the embodiments described above does not involve welding, so the manufacturing process is simple.
It is suitable for mass production because it can be formed at room temperature without the need for troublesome process control, quality control, or safety measures related to welding. Moreover, the thickness of the bottom plate part and the thickness of the side plate parts maintain a balance between technical conditions and economic efficiency, provide the required strength, and can be produced at low cost.
また、上記実施例によつて製造された継手金具
３は、溶接部を有していないので容易に安価に製
造することができる上に、溶接欠陥を生じる虞れ
が無い。しかも円筒状側板部３ｂが加工硬化され
ているので耐摩耗性、耐変形性が大きい。 Furthermore, since the joint fitting 3 manufactured according to the above embodiment does not have a welded portion, it can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, and there is no possibility of welding defects occurring. Moreover, since the cylindrical side plate portion 3b is work hardened, it has high wear resistance and deformation resistance.
［発明の効果］
以上に説明したように、本発明に係るコンクリ
ートパイル継手金具の製造方法は、製造工程に溶
接を含まないので簡単であり、品質管理が容易で
量産に適し、低コストである。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the method for manufacturing concrete pile joint fittings according to the present invention is simple because the manufacturing process does not include welding, easy to control quality, suitable for mass production, and low cost. .
第１図は本発明の製造方法の１実施例を示す工
程説明図である。第２図は、従来の継手金具を設
けたコンクリートパイルの部分的断面図、第３図
は上記従来の継手金具の断面図、第４図乃至第６
図は従来技術の説明図である。
１……従来の継手金具、１ａ……底板、１ｂ…
…リング、１ｂ−1，１ｂ−2……円周溝状凹部、
１ｃ……溶接ビード、２……コンクリートパイ
ル、２ｂ……PC鋼線、３……本発明の継手金具、
３ａ……底板部、３ｂ……側板部、３ｂ−1，３
ｂ−2……円周溝状の凹部、３ｃ……円形の透孔、
３ｄ……開先として機能する面取り状の円錐面、
４……半製品、５……仕掛り品。
FIG. 1 is a process explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of a concrete pile equipped with a conventional joint fitting, Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the above-mentioned conventional fitting, and Figs.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of the prior art. 1... Conventional fitting, 1a... Bottom plate, 1b...
...Ring, 1b- 1 , 1b- 2 ...Circumferential groove-shaped recess,
1c...Weld bead, 2...Concrete pile, 2b...PC steel wire, 3...Joint fitting of the present invention,
3a...Bottom plate part, 3b...Side plate part, 3b- 1,3
b- 2 ...Circumferential groove-shaped recess, 3c...Circular through hole,
3d... Chamfered conical surface that functions as a groove,
4...Semi-finished products, 5...Work in progress.
Claims (1)
法において、 (a) 厚さ寸法９乃至16mmの鋼板を素材とし、 (b) 上記の素材から、円形の中心孔を有する円板
状半製品を切り抜き、 (c) 上記半製品の周辺部に冷間塑性加工を施して
厚さ寸法1.2乃至2.3mmの円筒状部を成形し、 (d) 上記円筒状部に絞り加工を施して周方向の２
条の円周溝状凹部を成形し、 (e) 前記(c)の塑性加工の際もしくは該塑性加工と
前後して、円筒状部の底面の周囲を面取りした
形状の円錐面を冷間塑性加工によつて成形した
ことを特徴とする、コンクリートパイル継手金
具の製造方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for manufacturing joint fittings for concrete piles, (a) using a steel plate having a thickness of 9 to 16 mm as a material, (b) manufacturing a disc-shaped material having a circular center hole from the above-mentioned material. Cut out the semi-finished product, (c) apply cold plastic working to the periphery of the semi-finished product to form a cylindrical part with a thickness of 1.2 to 2.3 mm, and (d) perform drawing work on the cylindrical part. Circumferential 2
(e) During or before or after the plastic working in (c) above, cold plasticize the conical surface of the cylindrical part with a chamfered bottom circumference. A method for manufacturing a concrete pile joint fitting, characterized in that it is formed by processing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18366888A JPH0235113A (en) | 1988-07-25 | 1988-07-25 | Concrete pile coupling device and manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18366888A JPH0235113A (en) | 1988-07-25 | 1988-07-25 | Concrete pile coupling device and manufacture thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0235113A JPH0235113A (en) | 1990-02-05 |
| JPH0559213B2 true JPH0559213B2 (en) | 1993-08-30 |
Family
ID=16139839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18366888A Granted JPH0235113A (en) | 1988-07-25 | 1988-07-25 | Concrete pile coupling device and manufacture thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0235113A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0583036U (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1993-11-09 | 株式会社クボタコンクリート | Concrete pile tip fittings |
| CN102699683B (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2014-07-30 | 浙江博雷重型机床制造有限公司 | Automatic production line for screw stakes |
| JP7261629B2 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2023-04-20 | 日鉄建材株式会社 | Lid for underground steel pipe, underground steel pipe, and joint member |
-
1988
- 1988-07-25 JP JP18366888A patent/JPH0235113A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0235113A (en) | 1990-02-05 |
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