JPH0559227B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a floor structure with excellent sound insulation properties suitable for use in, for example, apartment complexes.

<Conventional technology> Floor impact sound transmitted from the upper floor to the lower floor of an apartment complex.
In particular, it is difficult to prevent floor impact noise caused by weight impact such as when a child jumps, and the reality is that we are struggling to find countermeasures.

Traditionally, methods to prevent such floor impact noise include making the slab thicker, using a wet floating floor structure where the upper floor is made of mortar or various types of concrete, or creating a dry floating floor structure. It is used.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, if the slab is made thicker or a wet floating floor structure is adopted, the slab and upper floor become heavier, and structural members such as columns become larger, resulting in higher costs. There's a problem. In addition, it has been pointed out that wet floating floor structures have construction difficulties, such as difficulty in curing the buffer layer.

On the other hand, the dry floating floor structure has a lightweight upper floor and is easy to construct, which compensates for the above drawbacks, but it is difficult to lower the natural frequency of the floor structure for the following reasons, and low frequency This has the disadvantage that the insulation performance in the area is poor and the overall soundproofing performance is poor.

In other words, when the spring constant of the buffer layer is large, the natural frequency of the floor structure becomes high, which increases the amount of vibration transmitted in the frequency range (63 to 4000 Hz) that is targeted for evaluation of floor impact sound insulation performance. Because it gets worse,
At first glance, it seems possible to reduce the amount of vibration transmitted in the above frequency range by reducing the spring constant of the buffer layer as much as possible to lower the natural frequency of the floor structure.

However, the magnitude of vibration transmitted to the slab depends on the cushioning material itself and the spring characteristics of the air within the cushioning material. The spring constant of the slow-impact layer in conventional dry floating floor structures is that the surface of the cushioning material is in direct contact with the base material, etc., so the restraining force of the air by the cushioning material is strong, and the air The spring was working. In other words, even if a material with a small spring constant is used for the buffer material itself, the spring constant of the entire buffer layer is too small due to the spring constant of air (for example, 2.8 × 10 ⁶ N/m ³ when the thickness of the buffer layer is 50 mm). Therefore, it was difficult to lower the natural frequency of the floor structure, and the sound insulation performance in the low frequency range was not improved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive floor structure that has excellent isolation properties against vibrations in a low frequency range.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the floor structure of the present invention uses a highly rigid perforated plate with a plurality of holes penetrating in the thickness direction between the slab and the subfloor material. is provided, and on one side of the perforated plate, a buffer material of a predetermined thickness having a gap communicating with the holes of the perforated plate is arranged in contact with the entire one side of the perforated plate, On the other side of the plate, a support member made of an elastic material with a large internal loss coefficient against vibration is appropriately provided so as to form a space communicating with the hole between the slab or subfloor material and the perforated plate. The plurality of holes of the perforated plate are arranged at intervals, and the holes are opened on the space side by air flowing from the cushioning material side toward the space side, while the holes are opened on the space side. A piece of non-porous film having a width large enough to close the hole is fixed only partially in the vicinity of each hole so that the hole is closed by the flow of air from the side toward the side of the cushioning material. It is characterized by the fact that it is provided.

<Operation> When an impact is applied to the surface of the upper floor, vibration is generated in the upper floor. This vibration is transmitted to the perforated plate through the base material and supporting member, and further transmitted to the cushioning material. At this time,
Since the perforated plate is made of a rigid material, vibrations are spread over a wide range, causing the cushioning material to expand and contract. As the cushioning material expands and contracts, the air in the gap in the cushioning material flows between the space formed around the support member and the gap in the cushioning material through the plurality of through holes in the perforated plate that communicate with the gap. Enter and exit.

This apparently makes the air layer thicker and reduces the spring constant of the air. Therefore, the spring constant of the entire buffer layer is reduced, and the natural frequency of the floor structure can be reduced.

Furthermore, due to the ventilation resistance of the cushioning material when air flows in and out, part of the vibration energy is consumed as thermal energy, which speeds up vibration damping and reduces the amount of vibration transmitted to the slab within a unit time. .

Furthermore, when air flows from the space formed around the support member toward the cushioning material, the holes in the perforated plate are closed by valves made of film pieces, which increases resistance and causes vibrations. A large amount of energy is absorbed.

<Examples> The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to illustrated examples.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a floor structure showing a first embodiment of the present invention, where 1 is a slab, 2 is a glass wool board as an example of a cushioning material with a small spring constant, and 3 is made of highly rigid wood, etc. a perforated plate having a plurality of through holes 5 passing through it in the thickness direction at appropriate intervals; 6 is a rubber material as a support member having a large spring constant and a large internal loss coefficient against vibration;
7 is a base material made of wood or the like and supported by a support member 6; 8 is a finishing material attached to the base material 7.

The above-mentioned glass wool plate 2 is formed by molding glass wool into a plate shape, and has a large number of continuous voids 10 inside thereof, and both outer surfaces thereof are in contact with the perforated plate 3 and the slab 1, and the continuous voids 10 are formed in the glass wool plate 2. communicates with the through hole 5 of the perforated plate 3. Further, the rubber materials 6 are scattered on the perforated plate 3 so as to support the base material 7,
A space 12 is formed between the perforated plate 3 and the base material 7. In FIG. 1, the cross-sectional structure of the glass wool board 2 is shown as a symbol, but if it is enlarged and schematically drawn, it is as shown in FIG. 4.

The glass wool board 2 forms a buffer layer in the floor structure, and the perforated board 3, rubber material 6, base material 7 and finishing material 8 form a floating floor layer.

When vibrations are applied to the upper surface of the floor structure configured as described above, it acts as follows to prevent the vibrations from being transmitted to the slab, that is, to prevent the generation of sound downstairs.

First, when vibration is transmitted to the finishing material 8, the vibration is transmitted to the base material 7. Next, the vibration is transmitted to a part of the perforated plate 3 via the rubber material 6 scattered therethrough. However, not all of the vibration energy transmitted to the base material 7 is transmitted to the perforated plate 3, but some of the vibration energy is absorbed while being transmitted inside the rubber material 6, which has a large internal loss coefficient. Put it away. Since the perforated plate 3 is made of a highly rigid material, the perforated plate 3
The vibrations transmitted to a part of the perforated plate 3 are spread over a wide range and transmitted to the glass wool plate 2. Then, the glass wool plate 2 expands and contracts. Due to the expansion and contraction of the glass wool plate 2, the void 10 of the glass wool plate 2 is
The air inside enters and exits between the voids 10 and spaces 12 of the glass wool plate 2 through the through holes 5 of the perforated plate 3. For this reason, it appears that the air layer has become thicker, and as a result, the spring constant of the air in the void 10 becomes smaller, making it possible to reduce the natural frequency of the floor structure and reducing floor impact noise. Transmission of vibrations in the frequency range targeted for sound insulation performance evaluation can be reduced.

Also, when this air flows in and out, the glass wool plate 2
The ventilation resistance absorbs vibration energy and speeds up vibration damping.

In this way, the energy of the vibrations generated in the upper floor is absorbed by the internal loss of the rubber material 6 and the ventilation resistance of the glass wool board 2, making it possible to significantly attenuate the vibrations and reduce the spring constant of the air. As a result, the natural frequency can be reduced. Therefore, the transmission of vibration to the slab 1 is reduced, thereby reducing the generation of sound from the slab 1, and it is possible to prevent impact sound from being transmitted to the downstairs.

In this way, according to this embodiment, the structure is such that the energy of sound vibrations generated on the upper floor is absorbed in two places, the rubber material 6 and the glass wool board 2.
It is possible to optimally select and combine the spring constants of the rubber material 6 and the glass wool plate 2 in order to correspond to various frequency ranges of vibrations to be damped.

In the first embodiment, the support member is made of rubber, but it is not limited to this, and other materials may be used as long as they have a large internal loss coefficient against vibration, such as cork. Of course. Further, although the supporting members are provided at appropriate intervals so as to be scattered on the perforated plate, they may be provided in a plurality of mutually parallel strips. Further, although the glass wool plate 2 is used as the cushioning material, it may also be made of rock wool or the like which similarly has a small elastic modulus and has voids inside that extend to the surface.

FIG. 2 shows in detail the perforated plate 3 of the above embodiment. A predetermined number of through holes 5 of the perforated plate 3 are selected so as to be uniformly distributed,
On the side of the space 12 of the through hole 5, a non-ventilated thin film-like valve 14 (for example, silver paper) having a width large enough to close the through hole 5 and only a part of which is fixed near the through hole 5 is attached. ing. When the glass wool plate 2 is compressed, the air pressure in the gap 10 of the glass wool plate 2 increases, the valve 14 opens, and air flows out from the gap 10 into the space 12 through the through hole 5. Next, when the glass wool plate 2 begins to expand, the inside of the gap 10 becomes negative pressure, causing the valve 1 to close.
4 is closed. Therefore, the perforated plate 3 has fewer through-holes 5 through which air can flow into the glass wool plate 2, resulting in a large resistance, which slows down the expansion and absorbs more vibrational energy.

Although a film-shaped valve is used for the valve 14, a plate-shaped valve with a spring may be used instead. In this case, the valve opens due to the pressure difference when the glass wool plate 2 is compressed, and otherwise closes due to the force of the spring of the valve itself, so it can also be used in the second embodiment described later.

FIG. 3 shows the floor structure of the second embodiment.
In this floor structure, rock wool 22 as a cushioning material is placed between the base material 27 and the perforated plate 23,
A perforated plate 23 is supported via adjusters 24 on rubber members 26 serving as support members having a trapezoidal cross section and provided scattered on the slab 21. Note that 25 is a hole in the perforated plate 23, 28 is a finishing material, and 32 is a space formed between the slab 21 and the perforated plate 23.

In this way, in this embodiment, the space 32 is provided directly above the slab 21, so it is desirable to adopt it when space under the floor is required for reasons such as laying piping.

Although not shown in FIG. 3, in this second embodiment as well, a non-ventilated thin film is provided on the space 32 side of the hole 25 of the perforated plate 23, as in the first embodiment. A valve (see Figure 2) is provided.

<Effects of the Invention> As is clear from the above, according to the floor structure of the present invention, a highly rigid perforated plate with a plurality of holes penetrating in the thickness direction is provided between the slab and the flooring material. A buffer material of a predetermined thickness having a gap communicating with the holes of the perforated plate is disposed on one side of the perforated plate in contact with the entire one side of the perforated plate, and other than the perforated plate On the surface side, supporting members made of an elastic material having a large internal loss coefficient against vibration are spaced at appropriate intervals so as to form a space communicating with the holes between the slab or flooring material and the perforated plate. Since the vibrations transmitted to the subfloor material are transmitted to the perforated plate and the cushioning material through the support members, the air in the cushioning material flows in and out of the above space through the holes in the perforated plate. As a result, the spring constant of the air within the cushioning material becomes substantially smaller, reducing the natural frequency of the floor structure, and the vibration energy is absorbed by the resistance when air flows through the gaps within the cushioning material. Vibration is greatly attenuated, making it difficult for vibration to be transmitted to the slab, resulting in excellent soundproofing effects. Furthermore, by using a material with a large internal loss coefficient for the support member, it is possible to absorb even more vibrational energy, and the materials of the support member and cushioning material can be adjusted to accommodate the frequency of the vibration that should be attenuated. They can be optimally selected and combined, making it easier to adjust the natural frequency.

In addition, this floor structure does not require thick slabs as in the past, so it is inexpensive and can be easily assembled since there are no problems such as curing of the buffer layer.

Further, a valve made of a piece of non-ventilated film is attached to the space side of each of the plurality of holes of the perforated plate, and the holes are opened by the flow of air from the cushioning material side toward the space side. On the other hand, since the holes are closed by air flowing from the space side toward the cushioning material side, vibration energy can be absorbed even more.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a floor structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a valve used in the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a glass wool board. 1...Slab, 2...Glass wool board, 3...
Perforated plate, 5... Through hole, 6... Rubber material, 7... Floor base material, 8... Finishing material, 10... Gap, 12...
...Space, 14...Film-shaped valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A highly rigid perforated plate having a plurality of holes penetrating it in the thickness direction is provided between the slab and the subfloor material, and one side of the perforated plate has the perforated plate. A cushioning material of a predetermined thickness having a gap communicating with the hole in the board is placed in contact with the entire surface of this perforated board, and on the ground side of the perforated board, the above-mentioned slab or subfloor material and the above-mentioned perforated Support members made of an elastic material with a large internal loss coefficient against vibration are arranged at appropriate intervals so as to form spaces communicating with the holes in the perforated plate. On the space side, the hole is opened by the flow of air from the cushioning material side toward the space side, and the hole is closed by the flow of air from the space side toward the cushioning material side. A floor structure characterized in that a piece of non-breathable film is provided, only a portion of which is fixed in the vicinity of each hole, and is large enough to close the hole.