JPH05613B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a method for quantitatively detecting the combustion state of an incinerator such as a garbage incinerator using color wavelength information. Background technology In recent years, waste has been treated as waste by simply incinerating it, as exemplified by waste power generation, in which a boiler is installed in a waste incinerator, the heat generated during waste incineration is recovered, and the generated steam is used to generate electricity. Resource and energy conservation of waste incineration facilities has progressed to the point where waste can be used as fuel to generate added value. In order to improve the added value of waste combustion, it is necessary to stabilize the amount of steam generated as seen in the uniformity of the amount of power generated by waste power generation, that is, to improve the efficiency of steam amount by stabilizing the thermal output of the incinerator. is essential. Various performances required for automatic combustion control of such incinerators are becoming more advanced than those of conventional incinerators. For example, to prevent pollution,
It is necessary to achieve a reduction in the toxic gas NO _x in exhaust gas. In order to achieve a reduction in the toxic gas NO _x in exhaust gas, it is necessary to incinerate at a low air ratio, but the temperature rise during waste incineration is greater than when waste is incinerated at a high air ratio. As a result, it is easy to cause molten ash to adhere to the furnace walls of the waste incinerator and cause burnout. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent molten ash from adhering to the furnace walls and prevent furnace burnout by using an incineration method using cold air or a cooling method using water spray. It is planned. However, with these methods, there is a concern that when the quality of the waste deteriorates, the combustion of the waste is inhibited, which may affect the complete combustion of the waste.
Therefore, it is desired to detect changes in the combustion state within the furnace due to changes in the quality of the waste, and to adjust cooling by cold air or water spray in accordance with the change. Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the prior art, the combustion state of a waste incinerator is determined by direct visual observation inside the incinerator or by monitoring images from an industrial television camera.
However, there are problems in that human visual observation has large individual differences, lacks stability in grasping the combustion state, and makes constant monitoring difficult. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the combustion state of an incinerator that can objectively and constantly monitor the combustion state of an incinerator. Means for Solving the Problems The present invention images the combustion section in the incinerator using a television camera installed to image the inside of the incinerator, and based on the image information obtained from the television camera, a red color is detected. An incinerator characterized in that the combustion state in the furnace is detected by determining the area of a part in a combustion state having a blue wavelength and a wavelength longer than that, and the area of a part in a combustion state having a blue wavelength and a wavelength shorter than that. This is a method for detecting the combustion state of. Effect According to the present invention, based on the video signal obtained from the television camera, the area of the part in the combustion state having red wavelengths and longer wavelengths, and the area of the part in the combustion state having blue wavelengths and shorter wavelengths. The combustion state of the combustion furnace can be quantitatively detected based on the area ratio and the like. Embodiment FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Garbage 2 thrown in from a garbage inlet 1 provided in the garbage incinerator S freely descends and enters the combustion chamber 4 through the combustion chamber inlet 3. The garbage 2 that has moved onto the drying stage grate 5 is dried by hot air supplied from below the drying stage grate 5 and is moved to the upper combustion stage grate 6. The garbage 2 is combusted in an upper combustion grate 6 and a lower combustion grate 7 located downstream thereof. The unburned garbage 2 in the lower combustion stage grate 7 is further transferred to the post-combustion stage grate 8.
The remaining ash 9 is periodically transferred to the ash feeding means 1.
Dropped to 0. Facing the window 14 installed in the wall of the incinerator S,
A color industrial Tervi camera 15 is installed to image the inside of the combustion chamber 4. TV camera 15
has an optical central axis 12 near the boundary 11 between the upper combustion grate 6 and the lower combustion grate 7, and images the entire flame 13 in the combustion chamber 4. In the present invention, the inside of the combustion chamber 4 is imaged by the camera 15, the color image signal S1 is processed by the image signal processing device 16, and the combustion state inside the garbage incinerator S is detected. Display processing device M and monitor television 1
7 is provided for displaying an image of the combustion state within the combustion chamber 4. The display processing device M receives the signal S1 from the television camera 15 and the image signal processing device 1.
It has a function of switching between signals S4 and S8 obtained from 6 and reproducing them on a monitor television 17. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the image signal processing device 16 required for detecting the combustion state in the waste incinerator S. As shown in FIG. Before explaining the configuration of the image signal processing device 16, the principle of detecting the combustion state in the garbage incinerator S according to the present invention will be explained. Generally, objects begin to emit light when the temperature reaches 700°C or higher, and it is known that the relationship shown in Table 1 holds between the color of the flame and the temperature.

[Table] In other words, it is known that as the temperature increases, the color of the flame changes from red to reddish-yellow and then to a bluish, dazzling white. This is because as the temperature rises, the short wavelength blue wavelength component contained in the light increases, while the long wavelength red wavelength component conversely decreases relatively. By using this relationship, it becomes possible to extract the entire flame by extracting the red wavelength image data obtained by imaging the combustion state in the garbage incinerator S, and the blue wavelength image. By extracting the data, it becomes possible to extract the part of the flame that is burning at a high temperature. FIG. 3 shows an image taken of the inside of the combustion chamber 4 and reproduced on the monitor television 17. When the color image signal S1 obtained by the television camera 15 is reproduced on the monitor television 17, the third
As shown in FIG. 1, the flame 13 and the white flame 18 corresponding to the highly combustible portion of the flame 13 are regenerated. Image data is level-discriminated according to its color, and a level value T is set with red as a low level and white as a high level. When the red signal is separated from the color image signal S1 and only the red signal having a predetermined level value Ta or more is reproduced on the monitor television 17, an image 19 in which the entire flame is extracted as shown in FIG. 32 is obtained. . The level value Ta corresponds to a temperature of 800° C., for example. Image 19 includes image 18 shown in FIG. Furthermore, if the blue signal is separated from the color image signal S1 and only the blue signal with a level value Tb or higher is reproduced on the monitor television 17, it will be burned at a high temperature as shown in Fig. 3. An image 20 in which the flame is extracted is obtained. The level value Tb corresponds to a temperature of 120°C. Image 19 showing the entire flame inside combustion chamber 4 from image 19 and image 20 extracted as described above
The area A of the image 20 showing the flame of high-temperature combustion within the combustion chamber 4 can be determined. That is, the presence of flame in the combustion chamber 4 and the overall size of the flame can be determined by the area A, and the presence and size of high-temperature combustion can be determined by the area B. Next, the ratio C between area A and area B is determined as shown in the first equation. C=B/A (1) By determining this area ratio C, it is possible to know the degree of combustion such as high temperature combustion or low temperature combustion. The combustion state in the waste incinerator S can be quantitatively known from the area A of the entire flame, the area B indicating the high-temperature combustion part, and the area ratio C indicating the degree of combustion. The above processing operation will be specifically explained with reference to a block diagram showing the configuration of the image signal processing device 16 shown in FIG. The color image signal S1 output from the television camera 15 is the color image signal S1
The signal is applied to a color separation circuit 22 that separates signals of the three primary colors of red, green, and blue. The color image signal S1 from the television camera 15, the red signal S4 and the blue signal S8 separated by the color separation circuit 22 are input to the display processing circuit M, and are processed by the monitor television 17 as shown in FIG. An image will be displayed. The color image signal S1 from the television camera 15 is also applied to a clock synchronization signal generation circuit 23. The clock synchronization signal generation circuit 23 generates a clock signal C0 for sampling the color image signal S1.
and the vertical synchronization signal C1 shown in FIG.
4, a signal C2 shown in FIG. 4 is synchronized with the rise of the vertical synchronization signal C1, and a signal C3 shown in FIG. 4 is synchronized with the fall of the vertical synchronization signal C1. The red signal S4 separated by the color separation circuit 22 is input to the comparison circuit 24, and is sent to the constant setter 25 in synchronization with the clock signal C0.
It is compared with the level value Ta defined by . The comparison circuit 24 compares the level value T of the red signal S4.
A signal S5 is output to the counter circuit 26, which is true when the level value T of the red signal is equal to or greater than the predetermined level value Ta, and false when the level value T of the red signal is smaller than the level value Ta. Also, the comparison circuit 24
outputs a clock signal CLK1 to the counter circuit 26 in synchronization with the output timing of the signal S5.
The counter circuit 26 counts up when the signal S5 is true in synchronization with the clock signal CLK1, and outputs a signal S6 indicating the counted number. After the above operation is performed over one field of the color image signal S1, the signal S6 indicating the count number is as follows.
It represents the area A of the entire flame. The latch circuit 27 is
A signal S indicating this count number in synchronization with the signal C2
6 and outputs a signal S7 indicating area A indicating the area of the entire flame. Also, a clock signal synchronized with the output of the signal S7 from the latch circuit 27
CLK2 is output to the counter circuit 26, and the count number of the counter circuit 26 is reset by this clock signal CLK2. Blue signal S separated by color separation circuit 22
8 is input to the comparison circuit 28. Blue signal S8
The level value T is compared with the level value Tb from the constant setter 29 in synchronization with the clock signal C0.
The comparison circuit 28 is true when the level value T of the blue signal S8 is equal to or higher than the level value Tb;
When the level value T of the blue signal S8 is smaller than the level value Tb, a false signal S9 is output. Further, a clock signal CLK3 synchronized with the output timing of the signal S9 is outputted from the comparison circuit 28 to the counter circuit 30. The counter circuit 30 receives a clock signal
When the signal S9 is true in synchronization with CLK3, it counts up and outputs a signal S10 indicating the count number to the latch circuit 31. After the above operation is performed over one field of the color image signal S1, the signal S10 indicating the count number represents the area B of high temperature combustion. The latch circuit 31 holds a signal S10 indicating the counter number in synchronization with the signal C2, and outputs a signal S11 indicating the area B of the high temperature combustion part of the flame. Further, a clock signal CLK4 synchronized with the output of the signal S11 is outputted from the latch circuit 31 to the counter circuit 30. The count number of the counter circuit 30 is reset by this clock signal CLK4. The signal S7 obtained as described above and the signal S
11 is output from the image signal processing device 16.
At this time, each area signal S7, S11 is transmitted to the dividing circuit 32.
The area ratio B/A is calculated in synchronization with the signal C3, and a signal S12 representing the degree of combustion in the waste incinerator S is output. As described above, the combustion state inside the waste incinerator S is expressed quantitatively. Signal S indicating the area A of the entire flame
7. Signal S11 indicating area B of high temperature combustion part of flame
A signal S12 representing the degree of combustion is output from the image signal processing device 16 to a control mechanism that automatically controls the combustion state of the incinerator S. By using information on the combustion state inside the waste incinerator S as described above, when the combustion state inside the waste incinerator S reaches a high temperature, it is possible to appropriately cool the furnace with cold air or water spray. This makes it possible to prevent molten ash from adhering to the waste incinerator S and from burning it out. At the same time, it is important to reduce the negative impact on the complete combustion of garbage and to reduce the amount of toxic gas.
Excellent effects such as being able to suppress the total amount of NO _x gas generated and its concentration can be obtained. Further, according to the present invention, the color image signal S1 obtained from the television camera 15 is quantized and stored as image data in a memory, and among the image data stored in this memory, red wavelength image data is applied to the image processing area. The area A of the flame is determined using a method such as division, and the area B of the high-temperature combustion part of the flame is determined using the same method for the blue wavelength image data, and the ratio C of these two areas is used. The state of combustion can be detected in the same manner as in the embodiments described above. In addition, by correlating the position in the image data memory with the position in the garbage incinerator S, it is possible to know where in the garbage incinerator S the high-temperature combustion flame that has been divided into regions exists. It is. In the above-described embodiment, the inside of the combustion chamber was imaged using the color television camera 15, but the temperature distribution inside the combustion chamber 4 may be detected using an infrared camera and similar processing may be performed. Effects As described above, according to the present invention, the combustion state in the incinerator can be objectively determined using captured image data.
Moreover, since it can be constantly monitored, it becomes easy to control combustion so that stable heat output is always obtained while reducing toxic gases such as NO _x in exhaust gas.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an image signal processing device 1 implemented in connection with the present invention.
6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the image signal processing device 16, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing images related to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing signals used in the image signal processing device 16. 2... Garbage, 4... Combustion chamber, 5... Drying stage grate, 6
... Upper combustion grate, 7. Lower combustion grate, 8. Post-combustion grate, 15. Television camera, 16. Image signal processing device, S. Garbage incinerator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A TV camera installed to take images of the inside of the incinerator takes an image of the combustion section inside the incinerator, and based on the image information obtained from the TV camera, detects the combustion state with red wavelengths and longer wavelengths. A method for detecting the combustion state of an incinerator, characterized in that the combustion state in the furnace is detected by determining the area of the part and the area of the part in the combustion state having a blue wavelength and a wavelength shorter than that.