JPH0561905B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

"Industrial Application Field" The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating sandbags from citrus fruits such as tangerines, lemons, oranges, and grapefruits. ``Conventional technology'' Citrus fruits consist of an outer skin and multiple clusters wrapped in the outer skin, and each cluster consists of a cluster skin and a cluster. It is made up of numerous sand sacs encased in skin. The citrus sandbags are then separated into individual pieces and used for canned goods, desserts, juices, etc. Conventionally, sandbag separation equipment for obtaining individually separated sandbags consists of an acid/alkaline solution tank for removing the sandbag skin, a washing tank for washing the sandbags with water, and a sandbag separation system. A device equipped with a dispersion device that separates each of these into individual particles is known. According to this separation device,
For citrus fruits, the sacs are first dissolved and removed in a solution bath, forming a collection of sand sacs. Next, the obtained aggregate of sandbags is thoroughly washed with water in a washing tank to remove adhering acid/alkaline solution, etc. After this, the aggregate of sandbags is boiled to weaken their mutual adhesion before being sent to a dispersion device. Then, in the dispersion device, the sand is separated into individual sand bags by direct impact caused by stirring, indirect impact caused by water pressure, eddies, steam, etc. ``Problems to be solved by the invention'' Regarding such conventional sand bag separation equipment,
Although it was possible to collect sandbags with relatively good shape, there were the following disadvantages. (1) Fruits are treated chemically using chemicals such as acid/alkaline solutions and washing water.
Not only does it take a long time to process, but it also costs a lot of money to treat the wastewater. (2) In addition, when sandbags are separated using this separation device, the sandbags are affected by heat in addition to the effects of chemicals and washing water, so the vitamin C, etc. that the sandbags hold is Significant loss of nutrients occurs. (3) Furthermore, this separation device requires a large amount of labor as there are many locations that require manual labor. "Object of the invention" The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and
It is possible to separate sandbags from citrus fruits such as tangerines, oranges, grapefruit, lemons, etc. in a short time without heat treatment, chemical treatment, etc.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a sandbag separation device that causes less loss of nutrients, does not cause problems such as wastewater treatment, and can save labor. ``Means for Solving the Problems'' In the present invention, the sandbag separation device is a screw that stores a liquid refrigerant for rapidly freezing citrus fruits to below -50°C and conveys the fruits. A refrigeration device comprising a storage tank equipped with a screw-type conveyance means, an elevator-type conveyance means for conveying fruit from the advancing end of the screw-type conveyance means of this storage tank toward a discharge port provided above outside the storage tank, and a freezing device for conveying frozen fruits. The system consists of a single-stroke striking device that strikes and crushes the fruit, and a sorting device that is equipped with a precession-type sieving device that sorts and takes out the sandbags that are separated into individual pieces from the crushed fruit. I tried to find a solution. ``Operation'' When citrus fruits are put into this sandbag separation device, they are first rapidly frozen and solidified in a freezing device. In this state, the cyst becomes brittle and brittle, and the sand sacs that grow densely within the cyst become individually frozen and easily peeled off from each other. The citrus fruits thus frozen are then sent to a single-strike striking device and are struck once at a time. This blow destroys the sac of the frozen fruit and separates the sand sacs that were enclosed within the sac. Next, the sandbags separated from the destroyed carcasses are separated by a sorting device, and the sandbags are taken out. ``Example'' Hereinafter, the citrus sand bag separation apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the sand bag separation apparatus of the present invention, and reference numeral 1 in the figure is a refrigeration apparatus.
A first single-stroke impact device 2 and a first sorting device 3 are successively installed in this refrigeration device 1. In the device of this embodiment, the first sorting device 3
Further, a second single-striking type striking device 4 and a second sorting device 5 are successively installed. The freezing device 1 is used to cool fruits to a temperature of about -50° C. or lower. In the sand bag separation apparatus of the present invention, a device that uses low-temperature liquefied gas as a refrigerant and freezes the fruit by directly immersing it in the refrigerant is used as the refrigeration device 1. A device that creates a low-temperature atmosphere by spraying, a mechanical refrigerator, and other devices can also be used. In the sandbag separation apparatus of this embodiment, the freezing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 2 is used. This refrigeration device 1 is equipped with a housing 7 having a storage tank 6 in which a liquid refrigerant is stored, and a transfer means 8 for transferring and discharging fruit placed in the storage tank 6 of the housing 7. The housing 7 has a storage tank 6, a supply port 9, and a discharge port 1.
The storage tank 6 is equipped with liquid nitrogen (boiling point -196°C) and liquid argon (boiling point -186°C).
A liquid refrigerant such as ℃) is stored. This storage tank 6
This is a heat insulating structure consisting of an inner tank 11 and an outer tank 12 made of cryogenic material such as stainless steel. A heat insulating material is interposed between the inner tank 11 and the outer tank 12 of this storage tank 6. In this storage tank 6, an inner tank 11 forms a refrigerant pool 13 for storing liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant pool 13 in this example has a substantially semicircular cross section. Further, the bottom surface 14 is formed substantially horizontally from the supply port 9 side toward the discharge port 10 side. A drain 15 is provided at the bottom of one end of the storage tank 6, which can be opened if necessary. Also,
A baffle plate 58 is erected near one end of the refrigerant pool 13 of the storage tank 6. This baffle plate 58 is
A large number of holes are formed to prevent the fruit put into the refrigerant pool 13 from moving toward one end of the rotary position of the bucket 33 of the elevator conveyance means 25, which will be described later. A cover 16 having a supply port 9 and a discharge port 10 is provided on the top of the storage tank 6 . This cover 16 is approximately box-shaped, and the storage tank 6 and this cover 16 form a space inside the housing 7 in which the transfer means 8 is accommodated. This cover 1
A discharge tower 17 is erected on the ceiling at one end of the discharge tower 6 . This discharge tower 17 surrounds an elevator 25 of the transfer means 8, which will be described later. As shown in FIG. 2B, the discharge tower 17 has a substantially inverted L-shaped vertical cross section, and its bent end portion is opened to form the discharge port 10. The outlet 10 is an opening for taking out the fruit cooled and frozen in the refrigerant pool 13. In addition, an exhaust port 18 is provided in the center of the ceiling of the cover 16.
is provided. Furthermore, the side wall 1 of the cover 16
A chute 20 is provided at the upper part of the other end of the chute 9 , and the upper opening of the chute 20 serves as the supply port 9 . The supply port 9 is an opening for introducing fruit into the storage tank 6. Further, on one end side of the cover 16,
A refrigerant supply pipe 21 that supplies refrigerant to the refrigerant pool 13 of the storage tank 6 and a liquid level detector 23 that monitors the liquid level 22 of the storage tank 6 are provided. These refrigerant supply pipes 2
1 and the liquid level detector 23, the liquid level 2 of the liquid refrigerant is detected by
2 is maintained at a constant height. A transfer means 8 is provided within the housing 7 having such a structure. The transfer means 8 sequentially transfers the fruits put into the refrigerant pool 13 of the storage tank 6 from the supply port 9 toward the discharge port 10, and includes a screw-type transfer means (hereinafter abbreviated as "screw") 24 and an elevator-type transfer means ( (hereinafter abbreviated as elevator) 25. The screw 24 transfers the fruit input from the supply port 9 to the discharge port 10 side, and is constructed by integrating a screw shaft 26 and a threaded blade 27. This screw 24 is provided toward the housing 7 from the supply port 9 side to the discharge port 10 side. The screw shaft 26 of this screw 24
are the walls 2 at both ends of the cover 16 of the housing 7.
8 and 28 and is supported by bearings 29 and 29 installed on the upper surface of both ends of the storage tank 6. The screw shaft 26 is connected to the liquid level 2 of the refrigerant pool 13.
It is located above 2. This screw shaft 26 is provided with a screw blade 27 that reaches from the lower part of the supply port 9 to near the bottom of the discharge port 10 . The diameter of the screw blade 27 is set so that the screw blade 27 is inscribed in the refrigerant pool 13 of the storage tank 6 with the bottom surface 14 with a slight gap. A large number of holes 30 are bored in this screw blade 27. The holes 30 are formed in a size that allows the liquid refrigerant to freely pass therethrough, but prevents the fruit to be cooled from passing therethrough. This Screw 24
is driven by a drive device 31 attached to one end of the screw shaft 26. The elevator 25 of the transfer means 8 carries up the fruit transferred by the screw 24 to the discharge port 10. In the refrigeration system of this example, a so-called bucket elevator is installed as the elevator 25, which is composed of endless chains 32, 32, buckets 33, . . . . The elevator 25 is provided between the discontinued portion (advance end) of the screw blade 27 of the screw 24 and the discharge port 10 of the housing 7. The chains 32, 32 of the elevator 25 are guided by four sets of sprockets 34, 35, 36, 37 and are rotated in an inverted L-shape as shown by the arrows in the figure. Of the four sets of sprockets that guide the chains 32, 32, the lower sprockets 34, 34 are rotatably attached to the screw shaft 26 of the screw 24. Further, a drive device 38 for driving the elevator 25 is connected to sprockets 35, 35 provided at the bending portion.
This drive device 38 is installed on the ceiling of the discharge tower 17 of the cover 16. The bucket 33 of the elevator 25 scoops up citrus fruits from the refrigerant pool 13 and carries them up to the discharge port 10. These buckets 33... are provided approximately at right angles to the chains 32, 32. This bucket 33 is formed into a shallow dish shape, a deep basket shape, etc. depending on the type of fruit so that it can efficiently scoop up citrus fruits. A large number of drain holes 39 are provided in the bucket 33 of the elevator 25 so that the liquid refrigerant in the storage tank 6 can be removed. The drain holes 39 are formed in a size that allows the liquid refrigerant to freely pass through them, but prevents the cooled fruit from passing through them. This bucket 3
3 is set so that its tip moves along the bottom surface 14 of the refrigerant pool 13 of the storage tank 6 when it is turned by the lower sprockets 34, 34. The first single-stroke striking device 2 and the second single-stroke striking device 4 strike the citrus fruits frozen in the freezing device 1 to crush the bunches of the fruit and break the rind into small pieces. At the same time, the sandbags that were wrapped in the sandbags are separated and removed individually. The single-strike type impacting device referred to herein is a hitting device that applies an impact to the target fruit only once and does not repeatedly apply impact. The type and intensity of the impact applied by this striking device depends on the shape of the fruit being struck,
It is desirable to adjust it appropriately depending on the size and condition. Examples of single-stroke impact devices suitably used in the separation device of the present invention include a shearing crusher 40 as shown in FIG. 3, a roller crusher 41 as shown in FIG. 4, and a roller crusher 41 as shown in FIG. Examples include a roller type crusher 42 and a press type crusher 43 as shown in FIG. The shear type crusher 40 shown in FIG.
The rotating roller 47 has a plurality of protrusions 46 that engage with the concavo-convex portions 44 of the protrusions 46 with gaps between them. This shearing type crusher 40 removes the fruits that have slipped onto the uneven portions 44 of the fixed teeth 45 using rotating rollers 47.
The protrusions 46... are used to impact the material and shear it into fragments. This shear type crusher 40 is suitable for coarsely crushing fruits. The roller type crusher 41 shown in FIG. 4 consists of two rollers 4 having numerous projections 48 on their surfaces.
9 and 49 are provided facing each other. In addition, a roller type crusher 42 shown in FIG.
A plurality of protrusions 50a along the axial direction and grooves 50
The rollers 51, 51 on which b... are formed alternately are 2
The books are placed opposite each other. In the case of these roller type crushers 41, 42, rollers 49, 49 or rollers 51, 5
1 are rotated inwardly relative to each other, and the loaded fruit is pressed and struck by opposing protrusions 48 or ridges 50a to separate the sandbags. A press type crusher 43 shown in FIG. 6 has a press hammer 54 provided on a belt conveyor 53 that drives an endless belt 52 in the form of a mesh or a flat plate. In this press-type crusher 43, the fruit carried by the belt conveyor 53 is pressed by a press hammer 54 to separate the sandbags. In the sandbag separator of this first embodiment,
As shown in FIG. 7, the first single-stroke impact device 2 uses a shearing type crusher 40, and the second single-stroke impact device 4 uses a roller-type crusher 42. The first sorting device 3 and the second sorting device 5 connected to these single-stroke striking devices 2 and 4, respectively, are used to sort and take out the sandbags separated by the single-stroke striking devices 2 and 4. . These sorting devices 3, 5
Various devices can be used for this purpose, such as a so-called sieving device, a wind sorting device that uses wind power, a sorting device that uses swirling flow such as a cyclone, and a specific gravity sorting device that uses sedimentation or floating phenomena. In the sandbag separator of this first embodiment,
As shown in FIG. 7, a sieving device is used in which both the first sorting device 3 and the second sorting device 5 are provided with a sieve 55. The sieves 55 of these sorting devices 3 and 5 have appropriate holes corresponding to the diameter of the sandbags to be sorted. In the sorting devices 3 and 5 of this example, the sieve 55 is vibrated at an appropriate frequency and amplitude, and precessed at an appropriate rotational speed and angle. Next, the operation of this sand bag separation device will be explained. First, when operating the apparatus, liquid refrigerant is supplied to the storage tank 6 of the refrigeration apparatus 1 from the refrigerant supply pipe 21.
The height of the liquid level 22 of this liquid refrigerant is determined by the liquid level detector 2.
It is kept constant by 3. In this refrigeration system 1, since the discharge port 10 is installed at a higher position than the storage tank 6, the liquid level 22 of the refrigerant pool 13 can be set high, and a large amount of liquid refrigerant can be stored. In addition, in this refrigeration device 1, the discharge port 1
5 is provided at a high position, cold air is prevented from flowing out, and loss of refrigerant is prevented. Next, the citrus fruit is put into the freezing device 1 either as it is or after removing the outer skin. At this time, the fruit may be added one by one, but the yield of sandbags is better if the fruit is added in parts. The thrown fruit falls from the chute 20 into the refrigerant pool 13 of the storage tank 6. Within the housing 7 the transport means 8
The screw 24 is rotated by a drive device 31, and the fruit in the refrigerant pool 13 is delivered to the discharge port 10 by the threaded blade 27 of the screw 24.
transferred to the side one after another. During this transfer the fruit is cooled or frozen. The threaded blades 27 of the screw 24 are provided with a large number of holes 30, through which the liquid refrigerant can freely pass, thereby preventing entrainment of the liquid refrigerant as the fruit is transferred. Furthermore, this prevents the liquid refrigerant from being unevenly distributed to one side of the storage tank 6, thereby preventing a delay in the transportation of the fruit due to the backflow of the refrigerant caused by the uneven distribution of the refrigerant. On the discharge port 10 side of the housing 7, the elevator 25 of the transfer means 8 is operated by a drive device 38, and the citrus fruits transferred to the discharge port 10 side by the screw 24 are transported by the bucket 33 of the elevator 25. They are sequentially carried up to the discharge port 10 and sent from the discharge port 10 to the first single-striking type striking device 2 . Since a drain hole 39 is formed in the bucket 33 of the elevator 25, the liquid refrigerant is removed while the citrus fruits are carried up by the elevator 25, and loss of liquid refrigerant due to the bucket 33 is prevented. In addition, in the refrigeration system of this example, the screw shaft 26 of the screw 24 is connected to the elevator 2.
5, the bearing mechanism of the sprockets 34, 34 can be simplified, and the structure inside the housing 7 can be simplified. It is desirable to freeze citrus fruits using the freezing device 1 so that the product temperature is -50°C or lower.
If the product temperature exceeds -50°C, the sandbag will not be sufficiently frozen and solidified, and the sandbag will be easily damaged by the blows from the single-stroke impact devices 2 and 4. Furthermore, it is desirable that the freezing in the freezing device 1 be carried out rapidly in order to maintain the freshness of the sandbags. In citrus fruits that have been frozen in this way, the pericarp, sac, and the albedo that adheres to them have become brittle, and the sandbags that are wrapped in the sac have become brittle. are frozen individually and are in a state where they can be easily peeled off from each other. The citrus fruits frozen in the freezing device 1 in this manner are sequentially fed onto the fixed teeth 45 of the shearing type crusher 40 forming the first single-stroke impact device 2. The fruit put into the fixed teeth 45 slides on the fixed teeth 45, reaches the uneven portion 44, and is moved by the protrusions 46 of the rotating rollers 47...
...is struck by... This blow shatters the citrus fruit bunch, breaks up the sac, and releases most of the sandbags that are enclosed within the sac. The citrus fruit processed in this way by the first single-stroke striking device 2 becomes fragmented sacs and individually separated sand sacs, but some of these are not crushed. Complete or unbroken bunches are also present. The citrus fruits that have passed through the first single-stroke striking device 2 in this manner are sent to the first sorting device 3. In the first sorting device 3, the fragmented carcasses and uncrushed tufts and the individually separated sand bags are sieved and the sand bags are collected. At this time, since the sieve 55 of the first sorting device 3 is precessed, the sandbag rises vertically in the length direction on the sieve 55 and passes through the sieve 55 in an upright state. In this way, sandbags are sorted efficiently. Fruits that cannot pass through the sieve 55 of the first sorting device 3 are sent to the second single-stroke hitting device 4 for further hitting. This second single-striking impact device 4 consists of a roller crusher 42, and the uncrushed bunches etc. thrown in between the rollers 51, 51 are handled by the protruding strips 50a of the rollers 51, 51. Being hit in a pressing manner. As a result, the sandbags and the like are broken into small pieces, and the remaining sandbags are separated. The materials processed by the second single-stroke striking device 4 are sent to the second sorting device 5 and sorted again.
Then, the sandbags sorted by the second sorting device 5 are combined with the sandbags sorted by the first sorting device 3, and a suitable wind sorting device etc. It is made into a product after removing impurities such as small pieces of skin. FIG. 8 shows the main parts of a second embodiment of the sand bag separation apparatus of the present invention. The sand bag separation device of this second embodiment includes a refrigeration device 1 similar to the sand bag separation device of the first embodiment, a first single-stroke impact device 2, a second single-stroke impact device 4, and the like. and a third single-striking type striking device 56 are successively installed. A first sorting device 3, a second sorting device 5, and a third sorting device 57 are connected to each of the striking devices 2, 4, and 56, respectively. In the sandbag separation apparatus of this second embodiment, a press crusher 43 is used as the first, second, and third single-stroke impact devices 2, 4, and 56. The clearance D between the press hammer 54 and the belt conveyor 53 in these single-striking impact devices 2, 4, and 56 is gradually narrowed and adjusted so as to give an appropriate impact to the fruits being sent. . Furthermore, the sorting devices 3, 5, and 57 utilize a sieving device having a sieve 55 similar to that used in the sand bag separation device of the first embodiment. "Test Example 1" The sand sac separator of the first example was prototyped to separate lemon sand sacs. The specifications of the device were as follows. () Refrigeration equipment 1 A Screw 24 Total length l of screw blade 27 = 1100 mm Pitch of screw blade 27 = 250 mm x 4 Diameter of screw blade 27 = 800 mm Diameter of hole 30 = 10 mm Number of holes 30 = 2500 holes/m ² screw blades Rotation speed = 2 rpm B Elevator 25 Pitch p of bucket belt 33 x number = 300 mm × 12 pieces Effective length of bucket belt 33 × width = 155 mm × 125 mm
(About 4 lemons) Diameter of drain hole 39 x number = 2.5 mm x 900 parts Diameter of sprocket 34 = 500 mm Operating speed (number of buckets 42) = 12 cups/
Minute C Liquid refrigerant: Liquid nitrogen (-196°C) Depth of refrigerant pool 13 h = approximately 150 mm This depth h was set by (screw blade radius - sprocket radius). () First single-striking impact device 2 A Clearance t between the uneven portion 44 of the fixed tooth 45 and the protrusion 46 of the rotating roller 47 = approximately 5 mm B Clearance a between the fixed tooth 45 and the rotating roller 47 = approximately 3 mm C Rotation speed of rotating roller 47 = 360 rpm () Second single-striking impact device 4 A Clearance b between rollers 51, 51 = 7 mm B Width of groove 50b = 7 mm C Depth of groove 50 b = 3 mm D Outer diameter of roller 51 = 90 mm E Number of revolutions of roller 51 = 25 rpm () Sorting device 3, 5 A Size of mesh of sieve 55 = 5 mesh B Amplitude = 60 mm C Number of revolutions = 360 rpm D Inclination of revolution number α = 7 degrees () Processed Lemon A Long axis with peel = approx. 80 mm Short axis = approx. 55 mm Weight = average 125 g/piece B Weight after peel removal = 50 to 60 g/piece C Length of sand bag = 11 to 14 mm Body diameter = 3 ~3.5mm About 8 kg of lemons were prepared and their outer skins were removed to obtain about 5 kg of peeled lemons. This was divided into two parts and put into the freezing device 1. The lemons processed in freezing device 1 were cooled to -120°C. When this was processed by the first single-stroke impact device 2, 2.8 kg of sand bags were obtained from the first sorting device 3. The fruit processed by the first single-stroke striking device 2 includes incompletely crushed or uncrushed bunches, etc.
The average size of these was 10-20 mm x 10 mm x 10 mm. When these were put into the second single-stroke hitting device 4 and processed, 0.7 kg was collected from the second sorting device 5.
sandbags were obtained. The sand bags obtained in this way were treated with a blow-type wind sorter with a wind force of 1.3 m/s to remove impurities.
A sandbag weighing 3.15Kg (63% of the raw material peeled lemon) was obtained. The sandbags obtained were individually separated and of good quality with no damage. "Test Example 2" The sand sac separating device of the second example was prototyped and sand sac separation of grapefruit was performed. The specifications of the device were as follows. () Refrigeration equipment 1 A Screw 24 Total length l of screw blade 27 = 1100 mm Pitch of screw blade 27 = 250 mm x 4 Diameter of screw blade 27 = 800 mm Diameter of hole 30 = 10 mm Number of holes 30 = 2500 holes/m ² screw blades Rotation speed = 2 rpm B Elevator 25 Pitch p of bucket 33 x number = 300 mm x 12 effective length x width of bucket 33 = 155 mm x 125 mm (about 1 to 2 grapefruits) Diameter of drain hole 39 x number 2.5 mm ×900 diameter of sprocket 34 = 500mm Operating speed (number of buckets 33) = 24 cups/
Minute C Liquid refrigerant: Liquid nitrogen (-196°C) Depth of refrigerant pool 13 h = approximately 150 mm This depth h was set by (screw blade radius - sprocket radius). () First single-stroke striking device 2 Clearance between belt conveyor 53 and press hammer 54 D ₁ = 50 mm () Second single-stroke striking device Clearance D ₂ = 25 mm () Third single-stroke striking device Clearance D ₃ = 9 mm () Sorting device 3, 5, 57 A Size of mesh of sieve 55 = 4 mesh B Amplitude = 60 mm C Rotation speed = 360 rpm D Inclination of rotation speed α = 7 degrees () Processed grapefruit A Long diameter with peel =Average 96mm 〃 Breadth = Average 75mm 〃 Weight = Average 400g/piece B Weight after skin removal = 350g/piece C Sand bag length = 13-20mm Body diameter = 3-4.2mm Grapefruit skin removed Approximately 2.5 kg of peeled grapefruit was obtained. This fruit was divided into two parts and put into the freezing device 1. The grapefruit processed in freezing device 1 was cooled to -100°C.
This was placed on the belt conveyor 53 of the first single-stroke striking device 2 with the cut surface facing upward, and processed. When this was sorted by the first sorting device 3,
1.26Kg of sand bag was obtained. Then, when the remaining part was processed by the second single-stroke impact device 4, sandbags weighing 0.6 kg were obtained from the second sorting device 5. Then,
When the remaining part was processed by the third impacting device 56, a sandbag weighing 0.24 kg was obtained from the third sorting device 57.
The sandbags obtained in this way were treated with a blow-type wind sorter with a wind force of 1.5 m/s to remove impurities, and the result was a total of 1.9 kg (76% compared to the raw material, peeled grapefruit). ) sand bags were obtained. The sandbags obtained were individually separated and of good quality with no damage. Note that the citrus sand bag separation apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the bottom surface 14 of the refrigerant pool 13 of the storage tank 6 of the refrigeration device 1 is
Instead of being horizontal, it may be formed so as to gradually descend toward the discharge port 10 side. Further, the refrigerant pool 13 may be formed deep only in the portion where the buckets 33 of the elevator 25 move, or may be gradually lowered toward the supply port 9 side. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the screw blades 27 of the screw 24 and the bucket 33 of the elevator 25 may be formed of wire mesh or the like. Further, in the above embodiments, the sand bag separation device is provided with two or three impact devices, but it is also possible to provide only one impact device, or four or more impact devices. In addition, the sand bag separation device of the present invention can also process fruits whose outer skins have not been removed as they are. In this case, processing efficiency is improved by making mesh-like cuts in the outer skin in advance. "Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the citrus fruit sandbag separation device of the present invention has a screw that stores a liquid refrigerant for rapidly freezing the citrus fruit to below -50°C and transports the fruit. A storage tank equipped with a screw-type conveyance means, a freezing device that conveys fruit from the advancing end of the screw-type conveyance means of this storage tank toward a discharge port provided above the outside of the storage tank, and a single-stroke type that crushes frozen fruits by hitting them. This sand bag separation device is equipped with a striking device and a sorting device equipped with a precession type sieving device for sorting and taking out sand bags separated from crushed fruits. Citrus fruits are first frozen and solidified in a freezing device to make the sacs brittle, and the densely grown sand sacs are individually frozen so that they can easily separate from each other. The sand is crushed by being struck once by a single-stroke striking device, and separated into individual sand bags. The separated sandbags are then separated and taken out by a sorting device. Therefore, in the sandbag separator of the present invention,
Since the sandbags are separated without using chemicals or washing water or heating, the loss of nutrients such as vitamin C held in the fruit is prevented, and sandbags that are extremely rich in nutrients can be produced. can. Furthermore, with the citrus sand bag separation device of the present invention, sand bags can be separated by physical means without using chemicals or washing water, so treatment time can be shortened and wastewater treatment can be improved. This problem can be solved and the production cost of sandbags can be reduced. Furthermore, the sandbag separation apparatus of the present invention can process citrus fruits continuously, and most of the processing is mechanized, so it is possible to improve production efficiency and save labor. In addition, in the sand bag separation device of the present invention, the sand bags are separated after being frozen and solidified, so the sand bags are less likely to be damaged. Therefore, according to this separation device, a good sand bag without any damage to the shape can be obtained. As described above, according to the sand bag separation device of the present invention,
To efficiently produce sandbags that are rich in nutrients, have a good shape, and have high commercial value from citrus fruits such as tangerines, oranges, grapefruit, and lemons.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the citrus sand bag separation device of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 a and b show a refrigeration device of the same embodiment, where a is a cross-sectional view and b is a cross-sectional view. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. FIG. 4a is a plan view showing the main parts of the roller crusher;
Figure 4b is a side view showing the main parts, Figure 5 is a perspective view showing the main parts of the roller crusher, Figure 6 is a front view showing the main parts of the press crusher, and Figure 7 is the main part of the crusher. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the striking device and sorting device of the sand bag separating device according to the embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the essential parts of the second embodiment of the sand bag separating device of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Refrigeration device, 2... First single-stroke striking device, 3... First sorting device, 4... Second single-stroke striking device, 5... Second sorting device, 6... Storage tank ,
24...screw type conveyance means (screw),
25...Elevator type conveyance means (elevator),
40... Shear type crusher, 41... Roller type crusher, 42... Roller type crusher, 43...
...Press crusher, 56...Third single-stroke impact device, 57...Third sorting device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A storage tank in which a liquid refrigerant for quickly freezing citrus fruits to -50°C or below is stored and equipped with a screw-type conveyance means for conveying the fruit, and a storage tank provided with a screw-type conveyance means for conveying the fruit, and an upper part outside the storage tank from the advancing end of the screw-type conveyance means of this storage tank. A refrigeration device consisting of an elevator-type conveyance means for conveying fruit toward a provided discharge port, a single-striking striking device for hitting and crushing frozen fruit, and a sandbag for separating the crushed fruit into individual pieces. A citrus sandbag separation device comprising: a sorting device equipped with a precession type sieving device for sorting and taking out citrus sandbags.