JPH056608B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a slope protection material used for slope protection/greening work, on-site concrete slope construction, furthermore, embankment reinforcement work, and a method for manufacturing the same. This article relates to a slope protection method and a slope frame construction method using the slope protection material.

[Conventional technology 1] Conventional slope protection methods and materials used include: (1) A method in which semicircular perforated steel rings are assembled in a circular shape and are laid on the slope and connected to each other ( Trade name Drain Ring).

(2) A frame material is constructed by assembling a frame material made of expanded mesh-like lightweight steel described in JP-A-55-36557 (trade name: SUMITECT).

(3) A method of covering slopes with a net frame material that forms continuous square grids when expanded, as described in JP-A-56-16730.

etc. have been put into practice or proposed.

However, all of these had drawbacks such as large storage and transportation volumes, the use of heavy steel plate moldings, which made it inconvenient to store and transport materials, and the time required to assemble them.

[Prior art No. 2] Conventional cast-in-place frame construction methods and the materials used therein include: (1) Precast method, which constructs a slope frame by assembling steel concrete molded members on a slope, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-59224. Frame method.

(2) A construction method in which deformable wire mesh forms and hoop reinforcements are placed on the slope, fixed with anchors, and then mortar or concrete is poured using spraying (trade name: free frame construction method).

(3) Special Publication in 1987- whose formwork was made of water-resistant cardboard
The law frame method (trade name: core frame method) described in Publication No. 8248.

etc. are being put into practice.

However, the precast frame construction method (1) requires heavy transportation and construction work because it handles heavy objects, and the construction methods (2) and (3) that use waste formwork do not simplify formwork installation. However, the problem was that installing reinforcing bars required separate reinforcement work, which increased the labor involved.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention is lightweight and has a small packaging volume before construction.
In addition, after construction, a slope protection material that has a large ability to retain soil and the ability to retain sprayed mortar and concrete, and also functions as reinforcing bars for reinforcement, and its manufacturing method. The purpose of this study is to obtain a slope protection/greening method and a slope frame method using slope protection materials.

Hereinafter, the inventions related to this application will be sequentially explained.

[Means for solving the problem No. 1] (Slope protection material) The slope protection material according to the present invention has flexibility and a predetermined rigidity, and has a plurality of cuts formed in a certain pattern. Consisting of a tape-shaped sheet material and a rope material fixed to the tape-shaped sheet material in a wavy shape having a certain positional relationship with the cut, when the rope material is stretched, the tape-shaped sheet material The slope protection material is configured such that it opens from each cut and deforms to form a surface that stands up with respect to the axis of the rope material, and the cuts include notches and punching.

Slope protection materials are mainly divided into those for light loads used in slope protection work and those for heavy loads used for constructing concrete slope frames. , nonwoven fabric, paper, impregnated with these synthetic resins or laminated with synthetic resin film, synthetic resin sheets, or synthetic resin net materials, and rope materials made of natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, synthetic resins such as vinylon, nylon, etc. Ropes made of resin or a mixture of these materials are highly flexible and can easily follow the unevenness of slopes. Use materials that have the rigidity to maintain a certain shape after stretching, such as those coated with synthetic resin, and use wire, wire rope, metal chain, or these coated with synthetic resin, or carbon fiber rope as the rope material. It uses high tensile strength members.

[Effect]

In the slope protection material according to the present invention, when one end of the rope material is fixed and the other end is pulled and stretched, the end point of each cut formed in the tape-like sheet material (each peak of the waveform of the rope material) A force is applied that deforms the tape-like sheet material so that it is positioned on a straight line, and the cut opens accordingly, causing the tape-like sheet material to curve, and the surface that stands up against the rope material (hereinafter referred to as "upright") is applied. (referred to as "surface") is formed between each cut of the tape-like sheet material.

The tape-shaped sheet material deformed in this way mainly supports the applied soil, sprayed mortar, etc. on its upright surface, and transmits its weight to the rope material, which in turn supports the weight. It shares two functions required of slope protection materials.

Therefore, the tape-shaped sheet material must be strong enough to hold the soil from one cut to the next, and rigid enough not to fall easily when applying soil or spraying. On the other hand, the rope material only needs to have the tensile strength to support the weight of soil, mortar, etc. applied through the tape-like sheet material, and since materials suitable for each required function can be used, the overall As such, it is lightweight and has a flat plate shape before stretching, making it a small package.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the slope protection material according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing how the tape-shaped sheet material deforms when the rope material is stretched.
The tape-shaped sheet material 1 has a width of 10 to 20 cm and a length, for example.
Composed of 10-50m thick non-woven fabric, rope material 4
The vinylon rope constituting the cable is fixed in a triangular wave shape by gluing or sewing at its top 5. Cuts 2 are alternately formed in the tape-like sheet material 1 from the bottom edge of the triangular waveform of the rope material 4 to the vicinity of the top 5 of the waveform inward from both left and right edges. Furthermore, reinforcing parts 1a impregnated with a synthetic resin or having a reinforcing material glued or sewn are formed on both sides of the tape-shaped sheet material 1, so that the rigidity of the edges is increased. .

When one end of the rope material 4 of the slope protection material 6 constructed in this manner is fixed and the other end is stretched to make it straight, the tape-shaped sheet material 1 opens from the cut 2. As shown in FIG. 2, the vicinity of the fixed portion 5 undergoes a curved deformation, and as a result, the reinforcing portion 1a stands up with respect to the axis of the rope material 4, and the following tape-like sheet material 1 The portion between the cuts becomes the upright surface 1c. The reinforcing portion 1a has the effect of increasing the rigidity of this upright surface 1c and increasing its strength to withstand the weight of the soil, etc., but when the tape-shaped sheet material 1 itself has sufficient rigidity, Not necessarily necessary.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of another embodiment, in which the slope protection materials 6 shown in FIG. This figure shows slope protection materials connected in a net shape in which rectangular grids are continuously formed when spread out. The rope materials 4 are fixed to the rope materials 4 of the slope protection materials 6 on both sides of the adjacent slope surface protection materials 6 alternately on the left and right and at fixed intervals. The fixing means firmly connects the two rope members 4 by, for example, tightening a C-shaped fastening member. 7 in the figure indicates a connecting portion.

In addition to the above examples, tape-shaped sheet materials include knitted fabric, woven fabric, paper, or those impregnated with synthetic resin to increase water resistance and rigidity, or laminated with synthetic resin film for the same purpose. using synthetic resin netting, synthetic resin netting material, and combining it with ropes made of natural fibers such as cotton or hemp, or synthetic resins such as vinylon or nylon, or blended ropes or chains made of synthetic resins. This is suitable for light loads (for slope protection and greening).

On the other hand, protective materials for heavy loads (for the legal frame construction method) include tape-like sheet materials, mesh steel plates with good adhesion to concrete, steel net materials such as lath wire mesh, or materials coated with synthetic resin. It is preferable to use a high tensile strength member such as a steel wire, a wire rope, a steel paper or a material coated with a synthetic resin, or a carbon fiber rope as the rope material.

Note that the means for fixing the sheet material and the rope material include sewing, weaving, gluing, welding, fastening using a fastening member, etc., depending on the materials used for both.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The slope protection material according to the present invention supports soil, etc. on the upright surface formed of a tape-shaped sheet material, and also holds mortar, etc., and the rope material supports the weight of these materials through the tape-shaped sheet material. do. Therefore, the tape-shaped sheet material and rope material share the function of holding the top soil, etc. and the tensile strength to support the weight of the top soil, etc.
Since it is possible to select and combine components suitable for each function, it is possible to create a lightweight and highly functional slope protection material, and since it is flat plate-shaped before construction and has a small volume when packed, It has the advantage of being convenient to store and transport, and easy to install.

[Means for solving the problem No. 2] (Method for manufacturing slope protection material) The present invention involves a process of fixing rope materials to sheet materials at constant width intervals and in a constant wave shape, and The process of cutting the fixed rope material to a constant width so that each rope material is located in the center, and the process of cutting the tape-shaped sheet material formed by this cutting into a corrugated shape from both sides of the bottom side of the corrugated shape of each rope material. A method for manufacturing a slope protection material, comprising the step of forming cuts reaching the vicinity of each top of the slope protection material,
The process of cutting the sheet material into tape shapes and the process of forming cuts may be performed first, or may be performed simultaneously.

In addition, the means for fixing the sheet material and rope material include sewing, gluing, welding, fastening using a fastening member, etc. depending on the materials used for both materials, and the range of fixation is required for the fixed part. Depending on the strength, it may span the entire length of the rope material, or it may be only at the top of the waveform formed by the rope material.

[Effect]

According to the present invention, the process of fixing a plurality of rope materials to a sheet material, the process of cutting the sheet material, and the process of forming cuts can be performed as a series of flow processes, thereby improving productivity.

〔Example〕

FIG. 4 is a plan view for explaining the steps of an embodiment of the present invention, showing an example in which a mesh steel plate having a width W is used as the sheet material 1 and a steel wire is used as the rope material 4.

First, one end 5a of the sheet material 1 is welded by a welding device (not shown), leaving a predetermined length of the starting end of the rope material 4. Next, the rope material 4 is held between the shift members 8 and shifted by 4/4 to the left in the direction of arrow B' (only the leftmost shift member is shown with a broken line), and the sheet material 1 is shifted 1/2 from the starting end. Pitch arrow A
At the same time, a welding device (not shown) is shifted to the left by W/4 to weld the sheet material 1 and the rope material 4 at the fixing point 5b.

Next, the sheet material 1 is fed out one pitch in the direction of the arrow, the shift member 8 is shifted W/2 in the direction of arrow B to the home position (the position shown by the solid line), and at the same time the welding device is shifted W/2 to the right. The rope material 4 is sequentially welded to the sheet material 1 in a triangular wave shape by repeating the procedure of welding at the fixed point 5c.

Next, when the sheet material 1 is fed to a certain position in the direction of arrow A, the slitter 9 starts cutting it to a width W.
Then, cuts 2 are successively formed using a slitter (not shown).

In this way, when the welding of the rope material 4 to one sheet material 1 is completed, the sheet material 1 is continuously fed, and when the desired length is reached, the rope material 4
is cut leaving a predetermined length at the terminal end, and in this example, four slope protection materials 6 are obtained.

[Effect of the invention No. 2] According to the present invention, a step of fixing a rope material to a sheet material, a step of forming a cut in the sheet material,
Since the step of cutting the sheet material can be performed as a series of steps, a manufacturing method with high productivity can be realized.

[Means for solving the problem No. 3] (Slope protection/greening method) The present invention involves laying an expanded slope protection material on the slope, fixing it with anchors, and then fixing the stretched slope protection material on the slope. This is a slope protection/greening method in which the entire slope is covered with mortar or concrete by spraying, or soil is added and vegetation is applied, and the slope protection material to be laid on the slope is as shown in Figure 1. As shown, they may be laid at appropriate intervals up and down the slope.
Alternatively, they may be laid in double layers in the intersecting directions, and the intersecting portions may be fixed to the slope with anchors at appropriate intervals.

[Effect]

Fix one end of the rope material of the slope protection material to an anchor set at the top or side edge of the slope, and if the length is insufficient, tie the rope material together and add more slope protection material, and use other rope materials. Stretch the end until it is straight and secure it to the anchor set at the bottom or other end of the slope. By stretching this rope material, the tape-like sheet material forms an upright surface at the cut portion. In this case, if there is an unevenness due to a protrusion on the slope, the sheet material that comes into contact with it will buckle and follow the slope, and if the uneven part is a recess, the tape-shaped sheet material will stand up. It functions to cover the recess.

This work of laying the slope protection material is carried out over the entire slope at appropriate intervals. If the slope does not require additional soil, the slope protection work is completed above, and the slope protection material acts to catch and hold the soil that is about to collapse or wash away from the slope.

When adding soil to a slope, the slope protection material is laid down and the soil is removed until the slope protection material is almost completely buried. The tape-shaped sheet material receives soil on its upright surface, and the rope material supports the weight of the soil through the tape-shaped sheet material. Laying double layers of slope protection material in the intersecting direction increases the soil retaining function.

Even when the slope protection material connected in a net shape shown in Fig. 3 is stretched and laid on the slope, it can be constructed in the same way and functions at the same time.

If slope protection material is laid on the slope and soil is added, or when greening is done, soil will be prevented from being washed away until the slope is greened.

Additionally, when mortar or concrete is sprayed over the entire surface of the slope where the slope protection material has been laid, the slope protection material will hold the mortar by adhering it to the mortar etc. on a wide surface through the sheet material. Mortar, etc. will be held more firmly.

〔Example〕

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which the slope protection material 6 shown in FIG. 1 is stretched and laid double in the intersecting directions on a slope, and the shape of the slope protection material 6 is shown in a simplified manner. ing. The procedure for laying such slope protection material 6 is as follows:
First, anchors 14 are set at predetermined intervals at the top, bottom, and side edges of the slope. Next, the slope protection material 6 is sequentially stretched and laid from the upper corner toward the diagonally lower corner. Next, anchors 14 are driven into the slope at appropriate intervals at intersection points of the slope protection material 6, and the rope material 4 is tied and fixed thereto.
Similarly, anchors are placed at locations where the slope protection material 6 floats due to the large unevenness of the slope, so that it follows the slope. Next, the soil is spread out to the extent that the slope protection material 6 can be buried, and the soil is compacted to complete the soil work.

When using the slope protection materials connected in a net shape as shown in FIG. 3, the result is the same as when the slope protection materials 6 are laid in double layers at square intervals. When covering a slope with mortar or concrete, mortar or concrete spraying is used instead of earthwork.

6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining other embodiments, FIG. 6 is a side view of a structure in which multiple strips of slope protection material 6 are fixed to the upper end of the anchor 14, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state in which a slope protection material is laid on a slope using the material shown in the figure. In the figure, one end of the rope material 4 of a plurality of strips (eight strips in this example) of slope protection material 6 is fixed to the upper end of the anchor 14 by a locking member 15, thereby forming a slope protection material 16 with an anchor. .

The procedure for laying slope protection material on a slope using this member is to install slope protection material 1 with anchors at appropriate intervals.
6 on the slope, and the adjacent slope protection material 1.
The rope material 4 of each slope protection material 6 of No. 6 is
Fasten as shown. When the rope material 4 is soft, the rope material 4 is fastened using a bundling or binding member, and when it is made of steel wire, the rope material 4 is fastened by twisting or the like. 17 indicates a fastening portion.

After all the slope protection members 6 are fastened in this manner, earthwork or mortar spraying is performed in the same manner as in the previous embodiment.

According to this embodiment, since the length of each slope protection material 6 is as short as several meters, it is possible to install the slope protection material 6 along the slope even when the slope is extremely uneven.

Note that the slope protection material 16 with anchors shown in this embodiment can also be applied to the slope construction method described later.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The slope protection material with anchors is lightweight and has a small packaging before construction.During construction, the tape-like sheet material is deformed into a three-dimensional shape by pulling and stretching the rope, making it easy to transport and install. .

Furthermore, since it adapts more easily to the unevenness of slopes than materials used in conventional construction methods, it has the effect of further improving the protection function of slopes.

In addition, slope protection materials with anchors are installed on the slope at desired intervals and then tied with rope materials, so
This has the effect of simplifying the work of laying the slope protection material on the slope.

[Means for solving the problem No. 4] (Slope construction method) The present invention involves laying stretched slope protection materials in double layers on the slope at desired intervals and in intersecting directions. After forming a grid to cover the slope and fixing the intersecting parts of each slope protection material to the slope using anchors, the slope protection material is covered with mortar or concrete by spraying or coating to construct a slope frame. In this method, the protective material is made of a tape-like sheet material and rope material having dimensions corresponding to the size of the concrete legal framework to be constructed and having strength. Also, rope material or concrete spraying or coating will be done in multiple steps.

[Effect]

The tape-shaped sheet material that makes up the slope protection material is
When spraying mortar, etc., it functions as a formwork that receives it on a wide surface, and after construction, it functions as a horizontal reinforcement, and the rope material functions as a vertical reinforcement that supports the weight of concrete. The rope is strong because it runs from the top to the bottom, and because it is supported at a certain height from the slope by the sheet and is completely wrapped in concrete, there is little risk of corrosion. With this method, it is easier to lay the earthwork materials that serve as reinforcing bars on the slope compared to conventional methods, and the time and effort involved in pouring concrete (spraying of mortar, etc.) remains the same.

For slopes with acidic soil, slope protection materials coated with synthetic resin or made of materials that are not likely to corrode are used to prevent rust. Furthermore, by laying two layers of slope protection materials, it is possible to construct a taller slope frame.

〔Example〕

Tape-shaped sheet material 1 with a width of 10 to 20 cm and a thickness of 1 to
Using a 2mm mesh steel plate, the rope material 4 has a diameter of 6~
The slope protection material 6 shown in Fig. 1 using 8 mmφ steel wire is first laid at horizontal intervals of 1 to 3 m in the vertical and diagonal directions of the slope, and then laid at the same intervals in the intersecting direction. Form a rectangular grid on the entire surface. In this case, since the slope protection material 6 is strong, it is stretched using a winch or the like. The stretched tape-like sheet material undergoes plastic deformation and becomes self-supporting. Therefore, when laying the stretched tape-like sheet material in layers in the intersecting directions, the slope protection material 6 stretched at another location must be placed at a predetermined position. so that it is laid down. Next, the intersection points of each square are firmly fixed to the slope using anchors 14. Next, mortar or concrete spraying is applied several times at appropriate time intervals, the entire slope protection material 6 is covered with mortar or concrete, and if necessary, a trowel finish is applied.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a part of the legal frame constructed in this way, and 18 is a concrete legal frame.

Note that slope protection material 1 with anchors shown in Figure 6
It goes without saying that the same construction can be carried out using 6.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the members serving as the reinforcing bars for the slope frame and the members serving as the formwork are constructed of tape-like sheet materials and rope materials, so the time and effort required for arranging the reinforcing bars for the formwork on the slope is reduced compared to the conventional construction method. This has the effect of simplifying the construction as a whole, since the time and effort required for mortar or concrete spraying remains the same.

In addition, the slope protection material has a rational structure in which the tape-like sheet material with a wide surface acts as horizontal reinforcement to firmly hold the mortar or concrete, and the rope material acts as the vertical reinforcement to support the weight of the mortar or concrete. In addition, since the rope material is supported by a sheet material and wrapped in mortar or concrete at a position away from the slope, it has many advantages such as less risk of corrosion.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the slope protection material according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the state when it is expanded, and Fig. 3 is an embodiment in which the slope protection material is fastened into a net shape. FIG. 4 is a plan view for explaining the manufacturing method of the slope protection material shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. Diagram for explaining the greening construction method, Figure 6 is a side view showing the slope protection material with anchors, and Figure 7 is a plan view showing the construction state using the slope protection material with anchors shown in Figure 6. 8 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a concrete slope constructed using the slope protection material shown in FIG. 1. [Explanation of symbols], 1... Sheet material, 1a... Reinforcement part, 2... Cut, 4... Rope material, 5, 5a
~5c...Fixed part, 6...Slope protection material, 7...Connection part, 8...Shift member, 9...Sliver, 10
...first welding device, 11...second welding device,
12... Spreading member, 13... Guide roller, 14
... Anchor, 15 ... Locking member, 16 ... Slope protection material with anchor, 18 ... Concrete slope frame.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consisting of a tape-shaped sheet material having flexibility and a predetermined rigidity, and a rope material fixed to the sheet material in a wavy shape extending in the longitudinal direction, A slope protection material in which cuts are formed in the sheet material alternately on the left and right, reaching from the edge of each bottom side of the waveform drawn by the rope material to the vicinity of the top of the waveform. 2. A tape-shaped sheet material having flexibility and a predetermined rigidity, and having both edges impregnated with a synthetic resin or having reinforcing members fixed thereto to increase the rigidity of both edges. and a rope material that is fixed to this sheet material in a waveform shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and the rope material is attached to the sheet material from the edge of each bottom side of the waveform drawn by the rope material. A slope protection material in which cuts reaching near the top are formed alternately on the left and right sides. 3 Consisting of a tape-shaped sheet material having flexibility and a predetermined rigidity, and a rope material fixed to this sheet material in a wave-like shape extending in the longitudinal direction, A slope protection material in which cuts are formed alternately on the left and right sides from the bottom edge of each waveform drawn by the rope material to the vicinity of the top of the waveform, and the slope protection material is fixed to the top of a multi-thread anchor. . 4 A step of fixing a plurality of rope materials at fixed width intervals and in a fixed wave shape to a sheet material having flexibility and predetermined rigidity, and fixing the rope materials to each of the sheet materials in the center. A step of cutting the sheet material to a certain width so that the rope material is located in the same position, and a step of forming cuts reaching near the top of the waveform from the bottom side edge of the waveform drawn by each rope material of the sheet material formed by this cutting. A method for producing a slope protection material including: 5 Consisting of a tape-shaped sheet material having flexibility and a predetermined rigidity, and a rope material fixed to this sheet material in a wave-like shape extending in the longitudinal direction, The slope protection material, which is formed by alternating left and right cuts from the edge of each bottom side of the waveform drawn by the rope material to the vicinity of the top of the waveform, is stretched, laid on the slope, and fixed with anchors. Then, this slope protection/greening method involves covering the laid slope protection material and the entire slope with mortar or concrete by spraying, or adding soil and applying vegetation. 6 Consisting of a tape-shaped sheet material having flexibility and predetermined rigidity, and a rope material fixed to this sheet material in a wave-like shape extending in the longitudinal direction, A slope protection material in which cuts are formed alternately on the left and right sides from the edge of each bottom side of the waveform drawn by the rope material to the vicinity of the top of the waveform is placed on the slope surface at a predetermined interval and in the intersecting direction. Lay it in double layers to form a grid covering the slope, fix the intersections of each slope protection material to the slope with anchors at appropriate intervals, and then install mortar.
A slope protection and greening method that involves spraying concrete or adding soil and greening. 7. Consisting of a tape-shaped sheet material having flexibility and a predetermined rigidity, and a rope material fixed to this sheet material in a wave-like shape extending in the longitudinal direction, An anchor is fixed to the top of multiple strips of slope protection material in which cuts are formed alternately on the left and right to reach the vicinity of the top of each waveform from the edge of the bottom side of the waveform drawn by the rope material. A slope on which mortar/concrete spraying or soil/greening work is applied after the ropes of each slope protection material are tied at specified intervals to form a grid covering the slope. Protection and greening methods. 8 Consisting of a tape-shaped sheet material having flexibility and a predetermined rigidity, and a rope material fixed to this sheet material in a wavy shape extending in the longitudinal direction, A slope protection material in which cuts are formed alternately on the left and right sides from the edge of each base side of the waveform drawn by the rope material to the vicinity of the top of the waveform is placed on the slope surface at a predetermined interval and in the intersecting direction. A spraying method in which the slope protection material is laid in double layers to form a grid covering the slope, the intersections of each slope protection material are fixed to the slope with anchors, and then the slope protection material is covered with mortar or concrete. A law frame construction method in which a law frame is constructed by applying a coating process. 9 Consists of a tape-shaped sheet material having flexibility and a predetermined rigidity, and a rope material fixed to this sheet material in a wave-like shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and the above-mentioned An anchor is fixed to the top of multiple strips of slope protection material in which cuts are formed alternately on the left and right to reach the vicinity of the top of the waveform from the bottom edge of each wave formed by the rope material. A spraying or coating process is carried out in which the ropes of each slope protection material are placed at predetermined intervals and tied to form a grid covering the slope, and then the slope protection material is covered with mortar or concrete. A method of constructing a legal frame by applying