JPH0567734B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a katsuta bucket bag. moreover,
More particularly, the invention relates to a cutter bucket capable of excavating trenches, trenches, wells, bulkhead cuttings, or other types of cuttings.
Furthermore, the bucket of the invention can work on any type of soil, thereby increasing its versatility.

Katsutabakets are known which have a tool that is rotatable with a vertical axis. This type of bucket has a number of disadvantages, such as considerable lateral bulk, limited penetration capacity and speed, considerable wear on parts and complex maintenance.

Katsutabakets with tools rotatable with a horizontal axis are also known.

For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,710,878 describes a cutter bucket with a tool rotatable with a horizontal axis, the tool being located at the end of a box head. These rotatable tools are powered by a chain device with two consecutive branches. These chain devices derive their motion from multiple synchronized motor devices via gear wheel transmission.

The last branch of each chain has soil breaking devices, such as teeth or other devices, which cooperate with similar devices mounted on the periphery of the rotatable tool. A pneumatic device is also included to remove debris.

The mechanical synchronization described above does not allow adaptation of the speed of the individual tools and therefore does not allow the vertical characteristics of the excavation to be corrected.

Another, even greater, disadvantage of the '878 patent is that the excavation surface is not continuous.

In fact, in the space between the two rotatable tools there is a dead zone where the soil is crushed by the wedge or blade device, in which there is no action by the soil crushing device. .

Therefore, the invention of this patent is suitable for use on friable or less compact soils, but is not suitable for use on rocky or dense soils.

Furthermore, a blade device is provided for improving the excavation, in which the rotatable tool does not act laterally on the head and can be lowered with the jack, so as to finish the excavation wall itself. It's summery. In rocky or dense ground, these blade devices only give an imaginative demonstration of no practical use; therefore, when dense or rocky ground is reached, these blade devices The excavation cannot proceed because of the obstruction.

Furthermore, no device is provided for resiliently suspending the rotatable tool. Such a suspension system is capable of compensating for variations in the loads on individual tools due to other local density variations.

Another disadvantage of this patented invention is that it is difficult to adjust and set up the chain device, which is implemented in two consecutive parts.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,894,587 discloses a cutter bucket with a tool rotatable with a horizontal axis. The invention of this patent directly drives rotatable tools that cooperate to their periphery.
Therefore, the motor must be placed on the same axis as the rotatable tool.

Such an arrangement requires that the cutter tool be supported on the drive shaft at one end, which increases the overall axial dimension to the motor considerably, and requires that the support (designated at 6 in this patent (things that exist)
and would place dangerous mechanical stresses on the motor itself.

Furthermore, the presence of these supports makes it difficult or impossible to obtain a continuous excavation surface.

That is, there is a dead space corresponding to each motor support, which cannot be reduced beyond a certain limit depending on the mechanical strength of the support.

Methods of fracturing earth containing rocky formations are also known, using a scoop or shovel for soft formations and a cutter tool for rocky formations. This requires the use of different machines for each change in geology, and also requires separate removal of the hard material crushed by the cutter tool. The work therefore takes a long time and becomes uneconomical and expensive.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutter bucket capable of overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks inherent in the prior art.

One object of the present invention is to fracture the earth and work along the entire width of the excavation face, thereby allowing arbitrary properties,
and to provide a katsutabaketoto of moderate overall dimensions which allows for very large forward movement into dense ground.

Another object of the invention is to provide a bucket cart with a device for continuously picking up debris as excavation progresses.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a motor arrangement with high drive torque and power while keeping the overall dimensions of the bucket very small.

An optimal distribution of loads between more than one type of cutter tool is also achieved by the invention when it is found that there is no uniformity in the density of the areas of the ground to be broken up by different tools. Ru.

These and other objects of the invention are achieved by providing a head with a drilling device consisting of one or more tools rotatable about a horizontal axis. The tool is driven directly by a hydraulic motor located above the tool.

The invention advantageously provides a chain motor between each motor and the associated tool. Said chain carries on its outside suitable means for crushing the ground. A similar crushing device is secured on the periphery of the rotatable tool driven by a chain.

The type of arrangement adopted for the rotatable device, in particular the drive of the rotatable tool by a chain, which is itself equipped with a device for crushing the earth, allows said device for crushing the earth to be advantageously arranged. This allows for the formation of a continuous excavation surface without dead spaces and having dimensions equal to or slightly greater than the total thickness of the bucket.

This allows material to be removed uniformly and efficiently.

The crushing device consists of a plurality of appropriately placed and oriented teeth or projections. The teeth are advantageously prepositioned so that they can be replaced when they break or become worn.

According to the invention, the hydraulic motor has a stationary shaft and a rotatable casing. A toothed ring is secured to the casing of each motor which causes the associated chain to operate with the crushing device.

This particular construction allows very small thicknesses of the head of the katsuta bucket to be obtained and
It also makes it possible to reduce the number of moving parts and, in particular, to obtain a strong assembly.

The invention advantageously provides that the toothed wheels at the ends are mounted in an elastically damped manner.
In this way, an excellent distribution of loads can be achieved when the bucket contains more than one tool.

In fact, when various tools are crushing zones of material of different density, the tool that crushes the material with the highest density encounters greater resistance to its advancement and A load is applied to an elastic device placed between the two.

As a result, the elastic device places a greater proportion of the vertical load on the tool that requires it most, ie on the tool that is acting on the highest density material.

The tool that is cutting into the lowest density material continues to advance without rotation in the empty space, while the other tools experience differential forward movement due to the greater load applied to them.

Furthermore, the elastic device, with the help of a braking device,
At least partially absorbs the stresses coming from the rotatable tool and on the rest of the structure.

The invention also provides a pneumatic device to continuously take off the debris that is generated.

The entire assembly is installed in a working head of greatly reduced thickness.

Therefore, the invention works on any type of ground,
It is also carried out using a cutter bucket that can make trenches, trenches, wells, bulkhead cuts, etc.

This Katsutabaket is parallel to each other and
an excavation device comprising two pairs of rotatable tools having axes substantially parallel to the excavation surface, said tools having a device for breaking up soil around their periphery, and a device for breaking up the soil of one of the pairs of tools; passes close to the soil-crushing device of the other pair of tools and is driven by a hydraulic motor device located above the excavation device and is driven by an internal toothed wheel. The chain device thus drives the excavation rig, and the chain device is equipped with its own device for breaking up the earth, and is further equipped with a pneumatic device for picking up the debris, and a hydraulic motor device is used to control the outer circumference of the chain device. a ring gearing device for driving a chain device thereon, the device for crushing the soil being supported by the chain device and by the rotatable tool and extending at least to the periphery of the cutter bucket; The excavation surface is designed to form a continuous excavation surface.

Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, the cutter bucket according to the invention is designated by the reference numeral 10. The bucket cart 10 has a head 11 having an outer shape like a bottomless box, and an excavating device 12 protrudes from the bottom side thereof.

The head 11 has the role of supporting and protecting the inner part, and has the shaft 11 at its upper end.
1, the shaft being, for example, telescopic and carried by self-propelling means, not shown.

The method of suspending and propelling the bucket cart 10 forms part of the prior art.

The excavation device 12 in this embodiment consists of a pair of rotary tools 13, and the tool 1 according to the present invention
3 may be included in any pair of numbers. In the illustrated embodiment, the rotatable tools 13 are counter-rotatable, the purpose of which is not only to obtain force symmetry, but also to suck the crushed material into a central suction zone 14 arranged between the tools 13. It is.

In this embodiment, each rotatable tool 13 is
It consists of an inner toothed wheel 15, one on each side, coaxial with and fixed between two outer wheels 16. The inner toothed wheel 15 is supported on a support device 17 .

The support device 17 is arranged axially centrally with respect to each pair of rotatable tools 13 and accommodates an internal toothed wheel 15 in its axially central location.

Furthermore, the support device 17 is elastically mounted with respect to the head 11 by a spring device 18, a brake device 19 and a device 39 for guiding the longitudinal sliding movement of the support device 17.

Hydraulic motor 20 above each toothed wheel 15
is located. This hydraulic motor 20 preferably has a fixed shaft 21 and a casing 2
2 is arranged to rotate. A toothed portion 23 is arranged on the periphery of the casing 22 .

As can be seen in FIG. 1b, this specified construction of the motor 20, toothed portion 23 group allows for a very small overall axial dimension of said group.

The toothed part 23 together with the chain 25 drives the toothed wheel 15 and the outer wheel 16 fixed thereto.

The wheel 16 and the chain 25 carry on their periphery a device 26 for breaking up the soil, said device 26 consisting in this embodiment of a plurality of suitably fixed and oriented teeth 126. .

It is within the scope of this invention that modified teeth to suit a particular application are contemplated, and that the teeth on chain 25 are different than those on wheel 16. be.

FIG. 1b shows the arrangement of mechanical parts according to the invention;
In particular, the motor 20 is placed higher than the rotatable tool 13 and the chain transmission 2 itself carries the means for crushing the soil.
5 clearly shows the manner in which it is possible to obtain an excavation surface 24 without dead spaces.

The diameter of the wheel 15 is selected in comparison with the diameter of the wheel 16 so as to form a suitably shaped excavation surface 24 like an inverted V (first
(see figure b). This configuration ensures that the crushed material is drawn towards the centerline of the tool 13 and then towards the suction zone 14.

A blade device 27 is arranged between the two counter-rotatable tools 13 and serves in this embodiment to further break up the debris.

The debris removal device 28, which in this embodiment is a pneumatic means, is arranged in the center of the head 11. Said device 28 in this embodiment is connected to the take-off pipe 2
Contains 9.

Said tube 29 (see FIG. 2) has a crushed end portion 129 terminating in a suction port 30.

The device 31 for supplying compressed air consists in this embodiment of two pipes 3 arranged on the sides of the take-off pipe 29.
Consists of 2.

Said tube 32 is connected above to a source 33 of compressed air or other pressurized fluid.

Said tube 32 is widened in its lower part 132, which lower part 132 extends from the end part 1 of the take-off tube 29.
It is overlapped on the side of 29.

A nozzle device 34 located at the end of the lower portion 132 of each tube 32 near the suction port 30 is connected to the take-off tube 2.
9 creates a flow of air directed upwards.

This arrangement has the effect of drawing debris into said tube 29, which opens suitably to the outside of the bucket bag 10.

FIG. 3 shows details of the nozzle device 34 according to the invention. FIG. 3a shows a view along section A-A (FIG. 2b) of the end section 129 with section 132 of the tube 32. FIG. FIG. 3b is a cutaway side view of the nozzle device 34. FIG.

Air coming from section 132 of tube passes through a plurality of holes 35
through the chambers 36 including a check valve 37 having a ball 137 and a spring 237.

Air is directed from chamber 36 through diagonal nozzle 38 to tube 29 at high velocity and creates an upward flow.

The suction port 30 can have a hard metal lining to reduce wear caused by debris advancement.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 shows two partially cutaway views of the bucket of the invention, FIG. 2 shows two views of the pneumatic system for picking up debris, and FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the pneumatic system. . 10...Katsutabaket, 11...Head, 1
1... Carrying shaft, 12... Drilling equipment, 13...
... rotatable tool, 14 ... central suction zone, 15
... Inner toothed wheel, 16 ... Outer wheel, 17 ... Support device, 18 ... Spring device, 19
... Braking device, 20 ... Hydraulic motor, 21 ... Drive device, 22 ... Casing, 23 ... Toothed part, 24 ... Excavation surface, 25 ... Chain, 26 ...
...Earth crushing device, 27...Blade device, 28...
Debris collection device, 29... Collection pipe, 129...
Crushed end portion, 30... Suction port, 31...
... Compressed air supply device, 32 ... Pipe, 132 ... Pipe lower part, 33 ... Compressed air supply source, 34 ... Nozzle device, 35 ... Hole, 36 ... Chamber, 37 ...
... Check valve, 137 ... Ball, 237 ... Spring, 38 ... Oblique nozzle, 39 ... Guide device.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. An excavation device 12 consisting of two pairs of rotatable tools 13 with axes parallel to each other and substantially parallel to the excavation surface 24 and having a crushing device 26 for crushing the soil around their periphery. and, the crushing device 26 for crushing the soil of the tools 13 of one pair passes near the crushing device 26 for crushing the soil of the tools 13 of the other pair, and the excavation device a hydraulic motor device 20 disposed above 12; and an independent device driven by the hydraulic motor device 20 and driving the excavation rig 12 by an internal toothed wheel 15 to crush the soil. A chain device 25 having a crushing device 26, and a pneumatic device 28 for picking up debris, a cutter bucket that can act on any type of soil and can make trenches, trenches, wells, bulkhead cuts, etc. , the hydraulic motor device 20 has a stationary drive shaft 21 and a rotatable outer casing 22, the outer casing 22 of the hydraulic motor device 20
has a ring gearing 23 for driving said chain device 25 on the outer circumference of said chain device 25, said chain device 25 being coaxial, intermediate and firmly connected to each pair of rotatable tools 13; The crushing device 26, which is driven on the fixed inner toothed wheel 15 and crushes the soil, is supported by the chain device 25 and the rotatable tool 13 and extends around the cutter bucket 10. Each rotatable tool 13 is arranged in succession to form at least an elongated and substantially continuous excavation surface 24 , and each rotatable tool 13 is coaxial with a pair of outer wheels 16 .
6, the inner toothed wheel 15 of the tool 13 is supported by a support device 17 at the center in the axial direction.