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JPH0571685B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0571685B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0571685B2
JPH0571685B2 JP63155445A JP15544588A JPH0571685B2 JP H0571685 B2 JPH0571685 B2 JP H0571685B2 JP 63155445 A JP63155445 A JP 63155445A JP 15544588 A JP15544588 A JP 15544588A JP H0571685 B2 JPH0571685 B2 JP H0571685B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ring
fine particles
nickel
hard
traveler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP63155445A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH01321925A (en
Inventor
Shigeru Kibe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP63155445A priority Critical patent/JPH01321925A/en
Priority to DE68928458T priority patent/DE68928458T2/en
Priority to EP89111339A priority patent/EP0347896B1/en
Priority to KR1019890008647A priority patent/KR960016472B1/en
Publication of JPH01321925A publication Critical patent/JPH01321925A/en
Priority to US07/845,532 priority patent/US5175988A/en
Publication of JPH0571685B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0571685B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D01H7/02Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
    • D01H7/52Ring-and-traveller arrangements
    • D01H7/60Rings or travellers; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for ; Cleaning means for rings
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H7/00Spinning or twisting arrangements
    • D01H7/02Spinning or twisting arrangements for imparting permanent twist
    • D01H7/52Ring-and-traveller arrangements
    • D01H7/60Rings or travellers; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for ; Cleaning means for rings
    • D01H7/602Rings

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は高速精紡に於いて優れた機能を発揮す
る紡機用リングの構成に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to the construction of a ring for a spinning machine that exhibits excellent functionality in high-speed spinning.

〔従来の技術及びその課題〕[Conventional technology and its problems]

従来の紡機用リングは、一般に低炭素鋼が用い
られ、表面硬化処理として浸炭焼入れ処理が行な
われている。しかし、上記リングでは、スピンド
ル回転数が20000r.p.m.以上(現在の高速回転は、
17000r.p.m.〜18000r.p.m.)では、リングとトラ
ベラの摩擦抵抗の増大と摩擦熱の急激な上昇のた
め、トラベラが早期に焼付き飛散し、連続運転が
出来ないという欠点があつた。
Conventional rings for spinning machines are generally made of low carbon steel, and are subjected to carburizing and quenching as a surface hardening process. However, with the above ring, the spindle rotation speed is over 20000rpm (current high speed rotation is
17,000r.pm to 18,000r.pm), the drawback was that the traveler would seize early and fly apart due to the increased frictional resistance between the ring and the traveler and the rapid rise in frictional heat, making continuous operation impossible.

この為、フランジの表面に硬質微粒子を共析物
質とした複合メツキを施したものが考えられてい
るが、複合メツキのメツキ膜厚を厚くするとメツ
キ表面の表面粗さが荒くなり、十分な効果を発揮
しないといつた欠点があつた。
For this reason, composite plating using hard fine particles as a eutectoid material has been considered on the surface of the flange, but as the plating film thickness of the composite plating becomes thicker, the surface roughness of the plating surface becomes rougher, making it less effective. There was a drawback that I was unable to fully demonstrate my potential.

本発明の目的は、上記問題点を解決した紡機用
リングを提供するものである。
An object of the present invention is to provide a ring for a spinning machine that solves the above problems.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

本発明は炭素鋼を素材として切削加工し、所要
形状のリングを形成し、次いで上記リングを熱処
理し、表面研磨処理したのち、その表面に粒子径
が0.2μ〜3μの硬質微粒子を共析物質とし、その含
有率を2〜15%(重量%)の範囲とし、ニツケ
ル・リンを含有するニツケル合金をマトリツクス
とする複合メツキ層を、その厚さが5μ〜30μとな
るように形成し、次に350℃〜480℃の温度で40〜
100分の時間をかけて熱処理を行ない、複合メツ
キ層のマトリツクスであるニツケル合金の結晶化
によつてその被膜硬度をHv800〜Hv1100の高硬
度とすると同時に、硬質微粒子とマトリツクスの
ニツケル合金の密着力が強化される。さらに、ト
ラベラが接触、摺動する表面を研磨加工を施すこ
とにより、マトリツクスのニツケル・リンメツキ
と硬質微粒子が突出した部分と硬質微粒子が脱落
した微小ホール部分との三者の混在状態に形成
し、かつ表面粗さをRa0.2μ以下にすることによ
り、複合メツキ層の有する良好な耐摩耗性、耐焼
付性、摺動性を十分に発揮させることができ、ス
ピンドル回転の高速条件下においてもトラベラと
の摩擦抵抗を十分に抑制する事が可能となる。
The present invention involves cutting carbon steel as a raw material to form a ring with a desired shape, then heat-treating the ring, and subjecting the ring to surface polishing, and then hard fine particles with a particle size of 0.2μ to 3μ are added to the surface of the ring as a eutectoid material. A composite plating layer with a nickel alloy containing nickel and phosphorous as a matrix is formed with a content in the range of 2 to 15% (wt%) to a thickness of 5μ to 30μ, and then At a temperature of 350℃ to 480℃ to 40~
The heat treatment takes 100 minutes to crystallize the nickel alloy that is the matrix of the composite plating layer, increasing the hardness of the coating to a high hardness of Hv800 to Hv1100, and at the same time improving the adhesion between the hard particles and the nickel alloy matrix. will be strengthened. Furthermore, by polishing the surface on which the traveler contacts and slides, it forms a mixture of three parts: nickel plating of the matrix, parts where hard particles protrude, and parts with micro holes where hard particles have fallen off. In addition, by setting the surface roughness to Ra0.2μ or less, the composite plating layer's good wear resistance, seizure resistance, and sliding properties can be fully demonstrated, making it possible to maintain the traveler's performance even under high-speed spindle rotation conditions. It becomes possible to sufficiently suppress the frictional resistance between the

上記マトリツクスとして用いるニツケル合金
は、ニツケル−リン合金、ニツケル−タングステ
ン−リン合金などがある。
Nickel alloys used as the matrix include nickel-phosphorus alloys and nickel-tungsten-phosphorus alloys.

上記硬質微粒子としては、炭化ケイ素、炭化タ
ングステン、炭化ホウ素、窒化ホウ素、酸化アル
ミニウムなどがある。
Examples of the hard particles include silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, boron nitride, and aluminum oxide.

硬質微粒子の大きさが3μを超えるとメツキ層
からの脱落が早くなり、0.2μ未満では耐摩性が劣
る。
If the size of the hard fine particles exceeds 3μ, they will fall off quickly from the plating layer, and if the size is less than 0.2μ, the wear resistance will be poor.

複合メツキ中の硬質微粒子の含有率を2〜15%
(重量%)としたが、2%未満では十分な耐摩性
が得られず、15%を超えると複合メツキ層の表面
における硬質微粒子の占める割合が大きくなり摺
動生に劣る。
The content of hard fine particles in the composite plating is 2 to 15%.
(% by weight), but if it is less than 2%, sufficient wear resistance cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 15%, the proportion of hard fine particles on the surface of the composite plating layer becomes large, resulting in poor sliding performance.

複合メツキ層の厚さを5〜30μとしたが、5μ未
満では高速における耐摩耗性において不充分であ
り、30μを超えると処理時間が極めて長くなり、
コストアツプになるという欠点がある。
The thickness of the composite plating layer was set to 5 to 30 μm, but if it is less than 5 μm, the wear resistance at high speeds is insufficient, and if it exceeds 30 μm, the processing time will be extremely long.
The disadvantage is that it increases costs.

さらに、トラベラの接触、摺動する表面の表面
粗さを、研磨加工によりRa0.2μ以下としたが、
研磨加工を施さない複合メツキの表面粗さはRa
で0.2μを超え、平滑性に乏しい表面を呈してお
り、トラベラの走行を乱し、高速性に乏しいとい
う欠点がある。
Furthermore, the surface roughness of the contact and sliding surface of the traveler was reduced to Ra0.2μ or less by polishing.
The surface roughness of composite plating without polishing is Ra
It has a surface of less than 0.2μ and has poor smoothness, which disturbs the running of the traveler and has the drawback of poor high-speed performance.

研磨加工により表面粗さをRa0.2μ以下にする
事でトラベラの走行を滑らかにするだけでなく、
複合メツキの最表面に、高硬度で良好な耐摩耗
性、耐焼付性、摺動性を有するニツケル合金の中
に、高硬度で耐摩耗性に優れる硬質微粒子を露出
させ、さらに硬質微粒子が脱落した微小部分を設
けた三者の混在状態を作成する事により、スピン
ドル回転の高速域でもトラベラとの摩擦抵抗を低
減させたものである。
By reducing the surface roughness to Ra0.2μ or less through polishing, it not only makes the traveler run smoother, but also
On the outermost surface of the composite plating, hard fine particles with high hardness and excellent wear resistance are exposed in the nickel alloy that has high hardness and good wear resistance, seizure resistance, and sliding properties, and the hard fine particles are further removed. By creating a mixed state of the three with minute parts, the frictional resistance with the traveler is reduced even in the high speed range of spindle rotation.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下、本発明の一実施例を図面を用いて説明す
る。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

第1図、第2図に示す様に円筒状のS15CK材
を所要のリング形状に切削加工し、浸炭焼入、表
面処理を施してリング1を形成する。
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cylindrical S15CK material is cut into a desired ring shape, carburized and quenched, and surface treated to form a ring 1.

上記リング1の表面に硬質微粒子として粒径
1μの炭化ケイ素2を共析物質として、その含有
量が重量%で約4%となる様に無電解ニツケル−
リン複合メツキを行ない、リング表面にニツケル
−リン合金3をマトリツクスとし、炭化ケイ素を
共析物質とする複合メツキ層4を形成する。
Particle size as hard fine particles on the surface of the ring 1 above.
Using 1μ of silicon carbide 2 as a eutectoid, electroless nickel was added so that its content was approximately 4% by weight.
Phosphorus composite plating is performed to form a composite plating layer 4 on the ring surface, using a nickel-phosphorus alloy 3 as a matrix and silicon carbide as a eutectoid.

次いで熱処理炉において、約400℃で約1時間
加熱し、熱処理する事によりマトリツクスのニツ
ケル−リン合金が、ニツケル−リンの結晶化によ
り第3図に示す様にビツカース硬度約Hv1000の
高硬度を得ると同時に、共析物質の炭化ケイ素
と、マトリツクスのニツケル−リン合金の密着性
が強化される。
Next, the material is heated in a heat treatment furnace at about 400°C for about 1 hour, and the nickel-phosphorus alloy of the matrix obtains a high hardness of about Hv1000 on the Vickers hardness as shown in Fig. 3 due to the crystallization of the nickel-phosphorus. At the same time, the adhesion between the eutectoid silicon carbide and the nickel-phosphorus alloy matrix is strengthened.

更にトラベラの接触、摺動するフランジ表面5
にラツピング等の研磨加工を施し、トラベラとの
接触表面にマトリツクスのニツケル・リンメツキ
と硬質微粒子が突出した部分と硬質微粒子が脱落
した微小ホール部分との三者の混在状態に形成
し、かつ表面粗さをRa0.2μ以下の平滑な表面に
形成して本発明の紡機用リングを構成する。
Furthermore, the contact of the traveler, the sliding flange surface 5
Polishing processing such as wrapping is applied to the surface of the traveler, and the surface in contact with the traveler is formed in a mixed state of nickel plating of the matrix, areas where hard fine particles protrude, and minute holes where hard fine particles have fallen off, and the surface is rough. The ring for a spinning machine of the present invention is formed by forming a smooth surface with a Ra of 0.2μ or less.

なお、第4図イおよびロに研磨加工前および加
工後の表面粗さのデータを示す。
Incidentally, FIGS. 4A and 4B show surface roughness data before and after polishing.

また、第5図イに示す研磨加工前のリング表面
状態は研磨加工により第5図ロおよび第2図に示
すように複合メツキの最表面は、マトリツクスの
ニツケル−リン合金3の中に硬質微粒子の炭化ケ
イ素2が露出し、さらに硬質微粒子が脱落した微
小部分を設けた三者の混在状態を形成する。
Furthermore, the ring surface condition before polishing shown in FIG. 5A is as shown in FIG. 5B and FIG. A mixed state of the three is formed in which silicon carbide 2 is exposed and minute portions where hard fine particles have fallen off are provided.

尚、複合メツキ層に共析させる硬質微粒子に
は、高硬度で耐薬品性、耐摩耗性が大きく、更に
熱伝導率の良好な炭化ケイ素が最も良く、トラベ
ラの走行により生じる摩擦熱を放散し易くトラベ
ラ寿命を延長させる利点がある。
In addition, the best hard particles to be eutectoid in the composite plating layer are silicon carbide, which has high hardness, high chemical resistance, high wear resistance, and good thermal conductivity, and can dissipate the frictional heat generated when the traveler runs. This has the advantage of easily extending the life of the traveler.

次に、上記本発明の紡機用リング(A)と従来の低
炭素鋼に浸炭焼入れを行なつたリング(B)を用いて
次の条件にて比較テストを行なつた。
Next, a comparative test was conducted under the following conditions using the spinning machine ring (A) of the present invention and a conventional ring (B) made of carburized and quenched low carbon steel.

糸:エステル/綿45′S リング:3.2mmF41mmφ×57.5mmφ トラベラ:YS−2/hf11/0(ニツケルメツキ
品) スピンドル回転数:16000r.p.m.〜30000r.p.m. 第6図に上記紡出条件での各スピンドル回転数
でのトラベラとリングの摩擦抵抗指数を示す。
Thread: Ester/Cotton 45′ S- ring: 3.2mmF41mmφ×57.5mmφ Traveler: YS-2/hf11/0 (Nikkelmetsuki product) Spindle rotation speed: 16000r.pm to 30000r.pm Figure 6 shows each of the spinning conditions under the above spinning conditions. It shows the frictional resistance index between the traveler and the ring at the spindle rotation speed.

スピンドル回転が16000r.p.m.〜18000r.p.m.ま
では、本発明リング(A)と従来リング(B)には大きな
差はなく、摩擦抵抗指数の著しい上昇も認められ
ない。
When the spindle rotation is from 16,000 rpm to 18,000 rpm, there is no significant difference between the ring of the present invention (A) and the conventional ring (B), and no significant increase in the frictional resistance index is observed.

スピンドル回転数が18000r.p.m.を超えると、
従来リング(B)の摩擦抵抗指数は上昇し始めるが、
本発明のリング(A)はゆるやかである。
When the spindle rotation speed exceeds 18000r.pm,
The frictional resistance index of the conventional ring (B) begins to rise,
The ring (A) of the present invention is loose.

さらに、22000r.p.m.以上になると、従来リン
グの摩擦抵抗指数は急激に上昇し始め、24000r.
p.m.以上では、トラベラの焼付き、摩耗が進行
し、連続紡出が不可能となる。
Furthermore, above 22,000rpm, the frictional resistance index of the conventional ring begins to rise rapidly, reaching 24,000rpm.
If it exceeds pm, seizure and wear of the traveler progress, making continuous spinning impossible.

これに対し、本発明のリング(A)は、スピンドル
回転数が24000r.p.m.〜30000r.p.m.の高速域に於
いても急激な上昇は見られず、安定した低い摩擦
抵抗指数を示し、24000r.p.m.〜30000r.p.m.でも
トラベラの摩耗も殆どなく、連続紡出が可能とな
つた。
On the other hand, the ring (A) of the present invention shows no sudden increase even in the high speed range of spindle rotation speed of 24,000r.pm to 30,000r.pm, and exhibits a stable and low frictional resistance index. Even at speeds of pm to 30,000 rpm, there was almost no wear on the traveler, making continuous spinning possible.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

本発明は上記の如く硬質微粒子を共析物質と
し、ニツケル・リンを含有するニツケル合金をマ
トリツクスとする複合メツキ層を形成すると共
に、複合メツキの最表面をマトリツクスのニツケ
ル・リンメツキと硬質微粒子が突出した部分と硬
質微粒子が脱落した微小ホール部分との三者の混
在状態に形成し、更に表面粗さをRaで0.2μ以下
に形成しているので、スピンドル回転数24000r.
p.m.以上の超高速域においてもなじみがよく、安
定した連続運転が可能となり、トラベラ焼けが発
生せず、トラベラ寿命も延長することができる。
As described above, the present invention forms a composite plating layer in which hard fine particles are used as eutectoids and a nickel alloy containing nickel and phosphorus is used as a matrix, and the outermost surface of the composite plating is formed by protruding the nickel and phosphorus plating of the matrix and the hard fine particles. The spindle rotation speed is 24,000 r as the surface roughness is Ra less than 0.2μ.
It adapts well even at ultra-high speeds of pm or higher, enables stable continuous operation, prevents traveler burnout, and extends the life of the traveler.

また、研磨加工をすることにより、トラベラと
の接触表面に硬質微粒子を露出させているので、
リングの耐磨耗性も向上し、リングの寿命を延長
する。
In addition, by polishing, hard particles are exposed on the surface that will come in contact with the traveler.
The wear resistance of the ring is also improved, extending the life of the ring.

更にメツキ処理後熱処理を施しているので、メ
ツキ層の剥離もない等の優れた効果を有する発明
である。
Furthermore, since heat treatment is performed after plating, this invention has excellent effects such as no peeling of the plating layer.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の紡機用リングの一実施例を示
す一部破断断面図、第2図は要部拡大図、第3図
は熱処理温度とNi−P被膜硬度の関係図、第4
図イ,ロは各々研磨加工前と加工後の複合メツキ
層の表面粗さ曲線図、第5図イロは各々研磨加工
前と加工後の複合メツキ層の表面状態を示す斜視
図、第6図は各スピンドル回転数と摩擦抵抗指数
との関係を示す曲線図である。 1……リング、2……硬質微粒子、3……ニツ
ケル・リン合金、4……複合メツキ層、5……ト
ラベラの摺動面。
Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing one embodiment of a ring for a spinning machine according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between heat treatment temperature and Ni-P coating hardness, and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between heat treatment temperature and Ni-P coating hardness.
Figures A and B are surface roughness curves of the composite plating layer before and after polishing, respectively. is a curve diagram showing the relationship between each spindle rotation speed and the frictional resistance index. 1...Ring, 2...Hard fine particles, 3...Nickel-phosphorus alloy, 4...Composite plating layer, 5...Sliding surface of traveler.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 紡機用リングの少なくともトラベラと接触す
るフランジ表面に設けた硬質微粒子を共析物質と
し、ニツケル・リンを含有するニツケル合金をマ
トリツクスとする複合メツキ層の表面を、マトリ
ツクスのニツケル・リンメツキと硬質微粒子が突
出した部分と硬質微粒子が脱落した微小ホール部
分との三者の混在状態に形成し、かつ表面の粗さ
が中心線平均粗さ(Ra)で0.2μ以下であること
を特徴とする紡機用リング。 2 上記硬質微粒子が炭化ケイ素、炭化タングス
テン、炭化ホウ素、窒化ホウ素、酸化アルミニウ
ムの少なくとも1種からなる請求項1記載のの紡
機用リング。 3 上記複合メツキ中の硬質微粒子の含有率が重
量パーセントで2〜15%である請求項1記載の紡
機用リング。
[Scope of Claims] 1. Hard fine particles provided on at least the surface of the flange of a spinning machine ring in contact with the traveler are used as a eutectoid material, and the surface of a composite plating layer is made of a nickel alloy containing nickel and phosphorous as a matrix. It is formed in a mixed state of three parts: a part where nickel and hard particles protrude and a part where the hard particulates have fallen out, and the surface roughness is 0.2 μ or less in terms of center line average roughness (Ra). A spinning machine ring characterized by: 2. The ring for a spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the hard fine particles are made of at least one of silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, boron nitride, and aluminum oxide. 3. The ring for a spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the content of hard fine particles in the composite plating is 2 to 15% by weight.
JP63155445A 1988-06-23 1988-06-23 Ring for spinning machine Granted JPH01321925A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63155445A JPH01321925A (en) 1988-06-23 1988-06-23 Ring for spinning machine
DE68928458T DE68928458T2 (en) 1988-06-23 1989-06-22 Ring for spinning machines
EP89111339A EP0347896B1 (en) 1988-06-23 1989-06-22 Ring for spinning machineries
KR1019890008647A KR960016472B1 (en) 1988-06-23 1989-06-22 Ring for spinning machine
US07/845,532 US5175988A (en) 1988-06-23 1992-03-04 Ring for spinning machinery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63155445A JPH01321925A (en) 1988-06-23 1988-06-23 Ring for spinning machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01321925A JPH01321925A (en) 1989-12-27
JPH0571685B2 true JPH0571685B2 (en) 1993-10-07

Family

ID=15606195

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63155445A Granted JPH01321925A (en) 1988-06-23 1988-06-23 Ring for spinning machine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0347896B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01321925A (en)
KR (1) KR960016472B1 (en)
DE (1) DE68928458T2 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5175988A (en) * 1988-06-23 1993-01-05 Kanai Juyo Kogyo Company Ltd. Ring for spinning machinery
DE4335538A1 (en) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-05 Rieter Ag Maschf Spinning machine ring with prolonged life - comprising traveller having metal-phosphorus layer contg. ceramic grain
CH686312A5 (en) * 1992-11-04 1996-02-29 Rieter Ag Maschf Spinning ring with metal-phosphorus coating and ring spinning machine.
DE4342148A1 (en) * 1993-12-10 1995-06-14 Cerasiv Gmbh Ring / traveler system for spinning and twisting machines

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3026210A1 (en) * 1980-07-10 1982-02-11 Hollingsworth Gmbh, 7265 Neubulach Hardening the surface of saw:tooth wire winding on carding drum - esp. by electroless nickel plating contg. boron carbide, or other carbide particles, providing long working life
JPH0248438Y2 (en) * 1984-09-27 1990-12-19

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68928458T2 (en) 1998-05-07
DE68928458D1 (en) 1998-01-08
KR960016472B1 (en) 1996-12-12
KR900000497A (en) 1990-01-30
EP0347896B1 (en) 1997-11-26
JPH01321925A (en) 1989-12-27
EP0347896A1 (en) 1989-12-27

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