JPH0573841B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for measuring the amount of transverse unevenness on a paved road, runway, etc., in which the amount of transverse unevenness on the road surface, such as the amount of rutting and the amount of labeling, is measured while a measuring vehicle is running. be. Conventionally, as a method for measuring the amount of transverse unevenness of a paved road surface, that is, the state of rutting, there is a method using a straight ruler or a water line. This method involves setting a 3.6m straight ruler or water line to the width of the lane, measuring the height to the road surface on a scale at 20cm intervals, and drawing the shape of the ruts. An improved version of this is the transverse profilometer. In this system, a measuring wheel moves on a reference stand and is linked to a recording device to record the shape of the rut. The method of calculating the rut depth at each point is the same as the straight edge or water line method, but whereas these methods read the rut value directly on site, the transverse profilometer uses a drawing on a recording paper. You can read it from the shape of the ruts. In these methods, the devices themselves are relatively inexpensive and can be easily handled. however,
This method has the disadvantage that it requires personnel and time for measurement. Ruts can be measured for evaluating road surface conditions at intervals of 50 to 100 meters for each lane, but when measuring the amount of unevenness on a road surface for maintenance and repair of the pavement surface, Measurements need to be taken at 20m intervals, which requires a lot of effort. There is also a method using a rut measuring vehicle. This method involves mounting a laser beam projection device or streak projection device on the vehicle and a photographing device that photographs the projection of the laser beam onto the road surface, and continuously photographs the ruts while driving. The interpretation of the photographic results is done by computer processing. This method has the advantage of being quick to measure, can be used to calculate the volume of rutted areas when performing maintenance and repair, and can accurately determine the amount of leveling. However, these devices are expensive because they use special optical equipment, and require a dedicated measuring vehicle to mount them. You will also need a highly advanced computer. Furthermore, since the photographing is performed by projecting onto the road surface from a laser beam projection device or a line projection device, the work must be carried out at night.
Therefore, it has the disadvantage of being too expensive to measure and maintain. Furthermore, the above-mentioned measurement methods all measure the amount of traverse unevenness with respect to the lane width so that the vehicle can cross the lane correctly. The present invention does not require as much expense as a rutting measuring vehicle, and is simpler than methods using a straight ruler or water line, or a transverse profilometer, and does not require labor or time to measure transverse irregularities on road surfaces. The purpose is to provide a method for measuring quantities. In addition, the present invention provides a reference stand that extends in the horizontal direction on a stand supported by a vehicle or a movable stand connected to the rear of the vehicle, and that the reference stand is movable left and right in response to electric signals to measure the distance to the road surface. Using a measuring car equipped with an unevenness measuring device, a distance measuring wheel and a transmitter and recorder that synchronizes the distance measuring wheel and transmits an electric signal to start the road surface unevenness measuring device. The distance to the road surface is determined by driving the road surface unevenness measurement device on the reference stand using the electric signal from the transmitter that is sent out at each measuring distance interval of the lane while driving uniformly on the lane of the road. A method of measuring a road surface diagonally across the road surface, recording these measured values on a recorder corresponding to the position of the lane width, and calculating the amount of rutting etc. based on these measured values. The gist of this paper is a method for measuring the amount of transverse unevenness. The present inventor has developed a simple measuring device that can be manufactured without the expense of conventional high-grade rut measuring vehicles, has low running costs and maintenance costs, and is
We have been promoting the development of devices that do not require human labor or time, such as methods using straight rulers, water strings, or transverse profilometers, and are safe from traffic during measurement. For example, a reference stand (for example, a beam or a formwork ruler) extending laterally is provided on a stand supported at the rear of the vehicle or a movable stand connected to the rear of the vehicle,
We prototyped a measuring vehicle equipped with a measuring device attached to the reference stand that measures the distance to the road surface while moving the reference stand left and right using electrical pulse signals. The left and right ends of the standard stand can be folded, and when expanded, it spans the width of the lane (approximately 3.5 m).While the measuring device is moved from one end of the expanded standard stand to the other, it is possible to measure the road surface. The distance to the vehicle is measured in terms of lane width. As measuring devices, two methods were considered: a grounding method that uses a grounding wheel to measure distance by moving the grounding wheel up and down, and a non-contact method that uses laser light or ultrasonic waves. However, when measuring the amount of ruts on the road surface for wheels on roads, etc., according to the Road Maintenance and Repair Guidelines (published by the Japan Road Association), the amount of ruts should be measured with respect to the lane width so that the lanes can be crossed correctly. Therefore, in a measuring vehicle such as the above-mentioned measuring vehicle, which has a mechanism that measures the distance to the road surface while moving the measuring device from one end to the other on the reference stand, it is necessary to stop the measuring vehicle. There was no other way but to measure it. The present inventor has discovered that the amount of ruts on lanes of roads, etc. tends to continue uniformly. Furthermore, since the measurement distance interval for the amount of ruts is relatively long, even if the measuring vehicle described above is used to measure diagonally across the lane width, the measured value will be different from the conventional standard method (crossing the lane). A good correlation was obtained with the measurement value obtained by the method (measured to ensure the correct traversal), and we reasoned that it could be put to practical use. The amount of rutting has also been measured and compared using the conventional standard method, and it has been confirmed that both methods have a very good correlation and are sufficiently reliable for practical use.
In this way, the method of the present invention could be established. The method of the present invention will be explained below. An overview of the measuring vehicle used to carry out the method of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The measurement car is
It is of the type in which a mobile platform is towed by a vehicle. FIG. 1 is a side view of the measuring vehicle, and FIG. 2 is a rear view of the movable frame of the measuring vehicle as seen from the rear. In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a vehicle, and for example, a microbus, light van, passenger car, small truck, etc. can be used. 2 is a movable stand. A beam 4 is fixed to the rear part of the movable frame 2 via a support stand 3. Both sides of the beam 4 are foldable. An unevenness sensor support 5 is mounted on the beam 4 so as to be movable left and right. A slider 6 is attached to the unevenness sensor support 5 so that the unevenness sensor support 5 can move freely left and right on the beam 4. A servo motor 7 is mounted on the support base 3 to drive the unevenness sensor support base 5 from side to side. Numerals 8, 8, . . . are gears, which are disposed on the beam 4 and have a chain 9 stretched thereon, and are rotated together with the chain 9 by the rotation of the servo motor 7. The moving chain 9 is provided with an uneven amount sensor support stand 5.
A portion thereof is fixed, and as the chain 9 moves, the unevenness amount sensor support 5 moves. 10 is a measuring wheel, bearing 1
The unevenness amount sensor is supported by a support stand 5 so as to move up and down via the unevenness amount sensor 1. Reference numeral 12 denotes a displacement measuring device, which uses an encoder or the like, and is installed on the bearing 11 of the measuring wheel 10 to measure the vertical movement of the measuring wheel 10. A shaft 13 supports a bearing 11, and the shaft 13 is rotatably supported by the unevenness sensor support 5 via a bearing 14. The diameter of the measuring wheel 10 needs to be large to some extent in order to allow the measuring wheel to run smoothly on the road surface, and is preferably at least 20 cm in diameter. Actually, I used one with a diameter of 30 cm. If the diameter is not large enough, it will be difficult to measure while driving due to uneven road surfaces. Reference numeral 15 denotes a travel distance measuring wheel, which is used as a support wheel of the movable pedestal 2, but a fifth wheel may be separately provided on the movable pedestal 2 and used. 16 is a oscillator that generates a pulse signal. 17 is a trip counter, and 18 is a controller. The controller 18 operates the servo motor 7 at predetermined travel distance intervals based on the distance signal from the trip counter 17, and moves the unevenness sensor support 5. Further, the amount of displacement from the displacement amount measuring device 12 is calculated and transmitted to the recorder 19. Recorder 19 is XY
A recorder may be used, or a data recorder or the like may be used to record on a floppy disk or tape. Moreover, an apparatus using these in combination may also be used. Once the distance signal and road surface unevenness signal have been recorded on a magnetic tape, floppy disk, etc., they can be output as is or via a computer such as a personal computer to an XY recorder, display, printer, etc. Since data processing is easy, it is also easy to calculate the amount of rutting and leveling. Also,
It is also easy to consider this in conjunction with measurements of adjacent lanes. Furthermore, the amount of ruts across the lane width can be plotted or integrated by dividing the lane width into two, and the accumulated waves can be plotted or integrated to illustrate the amount of rutting, or the amount of ruts can be integrated. When measuring using a measuring vehicle, a pulse signal is emitted at a predetermined distance interval while driving the lane at a uniform speed, the unevenness sensor support 5 is moved left and right on the beam 4, and the measuring wheel 10 is moved horizontally on the beam 4. The vertical displacement of is measured by the displacement measuring device 12 and recorded on the recorder 19 through the controller 18. Since the measurement vehicle measures the amount of cross-sectional unevenness on the road surface while traveling, the measurement vehicle moves forward considerably while the unevenness sensor support stand 5 moves once from one end of the beam 4 to the other end, and the measurement wheels 10 crosses the lane width diagonally. In this case, the wheel support rod is extended obliquely so that the measurement wheel 10 can run smoothly, and its bearing 11 is rotatable by the shaft 13. Two or three stopper switches 20 are attached to each end of the beam 4, so that when the unevenness sensor support 5 comes to that position, it can be stopped automatically, or it can be driven in a different direction. It's like this. All of these are controlled by controller 18. The results of comparing the measurement results obtained by the method of the present invention with the measurement results obtained by the conventional standard method (here, the water string method) will be explained. The running speed of the unevenness sensor support 5 of the measuring vehicle on the beam 4 is variable, and the maximum speed is 2 m/sec. In the example of the method of the present invention, the traveling speed of the unevenness amount sensor support stand 5 was set to 1 m/sec. The running speed of the measuring vehicle was set to 0 km/h, 5 km/h and
There were three speeds of 20km/h. 0km/h means stopping and measuring. If the width of the lane is 3 m, the measuring car will travel approximately 16.7 m while the measuring wheels 10 cross the lane width once at a speed of 20 km/h. FIGS. 3 and 4 are plan views of one lane of a road, showing an overview of the measurement method and matching method of the method of the present invention and the standard method. In the figure, a indicates a lane, and m ₁ , m ₂ . . . indicate measurement lines (hereinafter referred to as measurement lines) according to the method of the present invention.
s ₁ , s ₂ ... indicate the survey lines based on the standard method. In FIG. 3, the positions of the lines s ₁ , s ₂ , etc. according to the standard method pass through the center of the lines m ₁ , m ₂ , etc. according to the method of the present invention, so that they cross lane a correctly. As shown in Fig. 4, the verification is performed by dividing the survey line according to the method of the present invention into three equal parts using the standard method _.
and s″ _o , and the average value and the measured value of the survey line m _o by the method of the present invention are combined with the measured value (recorded on the recorder) corresponding to the position on the line that correctly crosses the lane width. An example of the XY recorder diagram showing the measured values according to the method of the present invention is shown in the fifth example.
As shown in the figure. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the amount of rutting across the recorded lane width. In the figure, b is the measured cross-sectional shape line of the road surface. c is the base line of the road surface.
D ₁ and D ₂ are the amount of rutting. The amount of rutting between the method of the present invention and the standard method was compared using the following equation. C=F(d)-D Here, C is the difference in rutting amount by both measurement methods (mm), F(d) is the rutting amount by the method of the present invention (mm), and D is the rutting amount by the standard method. amount (mm), which was the larger value of D ₁ and D ₂ . The measurement results (measurement distance interval 20m) are shown in Table 1.

[Table] As shown above, when the speed of the measuring vehicle is 20 km/h or less, the measured values of both measurement methods agree very well and can be put to practical use. Although the above measurement results are just one example, good correlations have been obtained for many roads, and they can be put to practical use. Furthermore, since the method of the present invention allows measurements to be taken while the vehicle is running, the measurement distance intervals can be carefully selected depending on the traveling speed. Furthermore, if the traveling speed is reduced, the amount of road surface leveling can be accumulated practically. In the example above, the amount of road surface unevenness was input directly into the XY recorder, but it is also possible to record it on a floppy disk or magnetic tape and then computer-process it to calculate the amount of ruts and leveling. You can also image the spray and record it. These can then be input into an XY recorder. Although the method of the present invention shows an example of a grounding method using a measuring wheel, results similar to those of the example can be obtained using a non-contact measuring system such as a laser beam method or an ultrasonic method. In the method of the present invention, the measurement accuracy can be further improved by equipping the measuring device with a vibration meter to eliminate vibration errors and by improving the measuring device. Although the method of the present invention is different from the standard measurement method as described above, the measurement results are within a practically acceptable range. According to the method of the present invention, labor and costs are significantly reduced compared to conventional methods, and safety is ensured.
Furthermore, the method of the present invention allows the preparation of a measuring vehicle relatively easily and the measuring method is simple, so running costs and costs are reduced.
Since the maintenance cost is low, it can be widely applied to road surveys in wide areas such as prefectural roads, municipal roads, etc., and has excellent and beneficial effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 show an outline of the measuring vehicle used to carry out the method of the present invention. Figure 1 is a side view of the measuring vehicle, and Figure 2 is a rear view of the movable frame of the measuring vehicle. It is. 3 and 4 are plan views of lanes showing an overview of the measuring method and matching method of the method of the present invention and the standard method. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the amount of rutting across the recorded lane width. In the figure: 1...Vehicle, 2...Moving stand, 3...Support stand,
4...Beam, 5...Irregularity amount sensor support stand, 6
...slide, 7...servo motor, 8...gear,
9... Chain, 10... Measuring wheel, 11...
Bearing, 12...Displacement measuring device, 13...Shaft, 14...Bearing, 15...Distance measurement wheel, 1
6... Transmitter, 17... Trip counter, 1
8... Controller, 19... Recorder, 20
...Stopper switch, a...Lane, m...Measure line according to the method of the present invention, s...Measure line according to the standard method, b...Measurement cross-sectional shape line of the road surface, c...Base line of the road surface, and D... ...It's the amount of ruts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A horizontally extending reference stand is installed on a stand supported by the vehicle or a movable stand connected to the rear of the vehicle, and the reference stand moves freely left and right based on electrical signals to measure the distance to the road surface. A measuring vehicle is equipped with the device, and is further equipped with a distance measuring wheel and a transmitter and recorder that transmits an electric signal to start the road surface unevenness measurement device in synchronization with the distance measuring wheel. Drive the road surface unevenness measuring device on the reference stand using electrical signals from a transmitter that are transmitted at each distance measurement interval of the lane while driving uniformly, and measure the distance to the road surface diagonally across the lane width. measure across and record these measurements on a recorder corresponding to the lane width position;
A method for measuring the amount of cross-sectional unevenness of a road surface, characterized by calculating the amount of rutting, etc. based on these measured values.