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JPH0575816B2 - - Google Patents
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JPH0575816B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0575816B2
JPH0575816B2 JP62042393A JP4239387A JPH0575816B2 JP H0575816 B2 JPH0575816 B2 JP H0575816B2 JP 62042393 A JP62042393 A JP 62042393A JP 4239387 A JP4239387 A JP 4239387A JP H0575816 B2 JPH0575816 B2 JP H0575816B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
manganese
germanium
type structure
temperature
monogermanide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP62042393A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63210250A (en
Inventor
Tadashi Endo
Tsugio Sato
Masahiko Shimada
Eiichi Asada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shoei Chemical Inc
Original Assignee
Shoei Chemical Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shoei Chemical Inc filed Critical Shoei Chemical Inc
Priority to JP4239387A priority Critical patent/JPS63210250A/en
Publication of JPS63210250A publication Critical patent/JPS63210250A/en
Publication of JPH0575816B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0575816B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明はB20型の結晶構造をもつ新規なマンガ
ンのモノゲルマニウム化物(化学組成MnGe)と
その製造方法に関する。 従来の技術 遷移金属の珪化物やゲルマニウム化物には、電
気伝導度の高い金属的性質を示すものや、半導
体、半金属、超伝導体などの特徴ある性質を示す
ものが多く、又磁気的にもパウリ常磁性、ヘリカ
ル磁性、弱い強磁性、反磁性など多彩な性質を示
すことから、これまでに結晶化学的、物理的な興
味と相俟つて広範な基礎研究及び応用研究がなさ
れてきた。 例えばCoSi、CrSi2、MnSi2-x(0.250<x<
0.273)、β−FeSi2などは熱電能が特別大きく、
しかも比抵抗が割合小さく、又1000℃以上の高温
に耐えるので、熱電変換素子に利用する試みがな
されている。(T.Sakata and T.Tokushima、
Trans.Nat.Res.Inst.Metals、5 34(1963)、R.
M.Ware and D.J.McNeill、Proc.Inst.Electr.
Eng.、111 178(1964))又RI−電池、ガス器具の
安全装置や温度制御素子などとしても注目されて
いる。(T.Tokushima、I.Nishida、K.Sakata
and T.Sakata、J.Mater.Sci.、4、978(1969)) ところでゲルマニウム化物にも同様な性質が期
待され、更に優れた性質を備えた新規化合物が見
出される可能性もあることから、現在多くのゲル
マニウム化物について研究が行われている。 例えばマンガンのゲルマニウム化物としては、
Mn3.25Ge(六方晶系)、Mn3.4Ge(正方晶系)、
Mn2.3Ge(斜方晶系)、Mn5Ge2(斜方晶系、正方晶
系)、Mn5Ge3(正方晶系)、Mn3Ge2、Mn11Ge8
(斜方晶系)が知られている。これらはほとんど
常圧又は真空中で合成されたものであるが、ゲル
マニウムが42.1原子%より多い相はこれまで報告
されていない。 尚、遷移金属とゲルマニウムが1対1の定比を
もつた化合物には、単斜晶系のCoGe、B35型構
造やCoGeと同じ結晶構造をもつFeGe、B31型構
造のNiGe、B20型構造のCrGe、FeGe、CoGeが
開示されている。 発明の目的 一般に物質の熱電能を大きくするためには、 (1) エネルギーバンドギヤツプを大きくする、 (2) 電気伝導度を大きくする、 という二つの手法がある。ゲルマニウムは珪素に
比べて電気伝導度が大きく、電子と正孔の移動度
も大きいので、遷移金属と化合物を作つた場合、
珪素化合物に比して電気伝導度を高めることが可
能である。更に遷移金属の種類やゲルマニウムの
比率を変えることによりバンドギヤツプを調整で
きるので、電気伝導度が高くかつバンドギヤツプ
の大きい化合物を設計し得ると考えられる。従つ
て遷移金属のゲルマニウム化物では、今までにな
い大きな熱電能を有する物質が得られる可能性が
高い。 マンガン−ゲルマニウム化合物においてゲルマ
ニウム量を多くすればバンドギヤツプは大きくな
ると考えられるから、本発明者等は熱電能等の特
性を改善する目的でよりゲルマニウム比の高いも
のを合成する試みを行つた。 本発明は、従来知られているマンガンゲルマニ
ウム化物よりゲルマニウムの比率が高い、新規な
マンガンのモノゲルマニウム化物とその合成方法
を提供するものである。 発明の構成 本発明はB20型構造を有し、組成式MnGeで表
される新規なマンガンモノゲルマニウム化物であ
る。このマンガンモノゲルマニウム化物は実施例
において詳細に説明するように単一の化合物であ
つて、一つの物性を示す。B20型構造は、
Zeitschrift fu¨r Kristallographieの
Erga¨nZungsbandのStrukturberichteに登録され
た結晶格子型番号で表わされる格子型の1種で、
FeSi型ともいい、立方晶系、空間群T4(P213)に
属する結晶格子型である。これはfcc(面心立方)
配置をとる金属原子Mの間にメタロイド原子Ge
を挿入した形の歪んだNaCl型構造で、金属原子
Mには7Ge+6M、Ge原子には7M+6Geのそれぞ
れ13個の原子が配位する、配位数の高い緻密な構
造である。 本発明のB20型構造のマンガンモノゲルマニウ
ム化物は、マンガンとゲルマニウムを高温高圧下
で反応させて合成する。即ち第二の発明は、ほぼ
化学量論量のマンガンとゲルマニウムを混合し、
圧力1GPa以上、温度600〜1300℃の条件下で反応
させることを特徴とする、B20型構造を有するマ
ンガンモノゲルマニウム化物の製造方法である。
原料であるマンガンとゲルマニウムは、高純度の
ものを用いるのが望ましい。特に酸化物が不純物
として存在するとゲルマニウム酸化物が生成して
分離が困難になるので、酸化物が極力少ないもの
を使用する必要がある。場合によつては水素など
で還元処理を行つた原料を用いることが好まし
い。反応温度が600℃より低いとゲルマニウムが
融解せず、1300℃を越えると蒸発するので、固相
反応に近い状態で反応させるために1GPa以上、
好ましくは3GPa以上で、温度600℃〜1300℃の条
件が必要である。 高温高圧合成には例えばベルト型高圧装置な
ど、所定の反応に必要な時間中、前記条件を保持
し得るような高圧、高温発生装置を用いる。 実施例 実施例 1 純度99.999%以上のMn粉末及びGe粉末をほぼ
1:1のモル比で充分混合した後、4.0t/cm2の荷
重をかけて5φ×3mmの円板状に成形した。これ
を窒化硼素の反応容器に充填し、ベルト型高圧装
置により4GPa、800℃の条件で5時間処理を行つ
た。反応終了後、加熱電力を遮断して急冷し、未
反応のGeを濃硝酸により除去した。 得られた化合物は、原子吸光分析及び吸光光度
分析の結果MnGeであることが確認された。 表1は、実施例1で得られたマンガンモノゲル
マニウム化物の粉末X線回折の結果を示したもの
である。この回折図形は、FeSi型構造即ちB20型
構造であることを示しており、立方晶系、空間群
T4(P213)に属し、格子定数a=4.795Aの化合物
として決定された。
The present invention relates to a novel manganese monogermanide (chemical composition MnGe) having a B20 type crystal structure and a method for producing the same. Prior Art Many of the silicides and germanides of transition metals exhibit metallic properties with high electrical conductivity, as well as characteristic properties such as semiconductors, semimetals, and superconductors. Because magnets exhibit a wide variety of properties, including Pauli paramagnetism, helical magnetism, weak ferromagnetism, and diamagnetic properties, a wide range of basic and applied research has been conducted on them, with interest in crystal chemistry and physics. For example, CoSi, CrSi 2 , MnSi 2-x (0.250<x<
0.273), β-FeSi 2 , etc. have particularly large thermoelectric powers;
Moreover, it has a relatively low resistivity and can withstand high temperatures of 1000°C or higher, so attempts are being made to use it in thermoelectric conversion elements. (T.Sakata and T.Tokushima,
Trans. Nat. Res. Inst. Metals, 5 34 (1963), R.
M.Ware and DJMcNeill, Proc.Inst.Electr.
Eng., 111 178 (1964)) It is also attracting attention as a safety device and temperature control element for RI batteries and gas appliances. (T.Tokushima, I.Nishida, K.Sakata
and T.Sakata, J.Mater.Sci., 4, 978 (1969)) By the way, germanium compounds are expected to have similar properties, and there is a possibility that new compounds with even better properties will be discovered. Research is currently being conducted on many germanium compounds. For example, as a germanium compound of manganese,
Mn 3.25 Ge (hexagonal system), Mn 3.4 Ge (tetragonal system),
Mn 2.3 Ge (orthorhombic), Mn 5 Ge 2 (orthorhombic, tetragonal), Mn 5 Ge 3 (tetragonal), Mn 3 Ge 2 , Mn 11 Ge 8
(orthorhombic system) is known. Most of these were synthesized under normal pressure or vacuum, but no phase containing more than 42.1 atomic percent germanium has been reported so far. Compounds with a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of transition metal and germanium include monoclinic CoGe, B35 type structure, FeGe with the same crystal structure as CoGe, B31 type structure NiGe, and B20 type structure. CrGe, FeGe, and CoGe are disclosed. Purpose of the Invention Generally, there are two methods for increasing the thermoelectric power of a material: (1) increasing the energy band gap, and (2) increasing the electrical conductivity. Germanium has higher electrical conductivity and higher mobility of electrons and holes than silicon, so when it is made into a compound with a transition metal,
It is possible to increase electrical conductivity compared to silicon compounds. Furthermore, since the band gap can be adjusted by changing the type of transition metal and the ratio of germanium, it is considered possible to design a compound with high electrical conductivity and a large band gap. Therefore, there is a high possibility that a transition metal germanide can be used as a substance with unprecedentedly large thermoelectric power. Since it is believed that increasing the amount of germanium in a manganese-germanium compound will increase the band gap, the present inventors attempted to synthesize a compound with a higher germanium ratio in order to improve properties such as thermoelectric power. The present invention provides a novel manganese monogermanium compound having a higher proportion of germanium than conventionally known manganese germanium compounds, and a method for synthesizing the same. Structure of the Invention The present invention is a novel manganese monogermanide having a B20 type structure and represented by the compositional formula MnGe. This manganese monogermanide is a single compound and exhibits one physical property, as will be explained in detail in the Examples. The B20 type structure is
Zeitschrift fu¨r Kristallographie
A type of lattice type represented by the crystal lattice type number registered in the Strukturberichte of the Erga¨n Zungsband.
Also called FeSi type, it is a cubic crystal system and a crystal lattice type belonging to space group T 4 (P2 1 3). This is fcc (face centered cubic)
A metalloid atom Ge is placed between the metal atoms M
It has a distorted NaCl-type structure with a inserted shape, and it has a dense structure with a high coordination number, with 13 atoms each of 7Ge + 6M and 7M + 6Ge coordinating to the metal atom M and Ge atom, respectively. The B20 type structure manganese monogermanide of the present invention is synthesized by reacting manganese and germanium under high temperature and pressure. That is, the second invention mixes nearly stoichiometric amounts of manganese and germanium,
This is a method for producing a manganese monogermanide having a B20 type structure, characterized in that the reaction is carried out under conditions of a pressure of 1 GPa or higher and a temperature of 600 to 1300°C.
It is desirable to use highly purified manganese and germanium as raw materials. In particular, if an oxide is present as an impurity, germanium oxide is generated and separation becomes difficult, so it is necessary to use a material containing as little oxide as possible. In some cases, it is preferable to use a raw material that has been subjected to a reduction treatment with hydrogen or the like. If the reaction temperature is lower than 600℃, germanium will not melt, and if it exceeds 1300℃, it will evaporate. Therefore, in order to perform the reaction in a state close to a solid phase reaction, a pressure of 1GPa or higher is applied.
Preferably, conditions of 3 GPa or higher and a temperature of 600°C to 1300°C are required. For high-temperature, high-pressure synthesis, a high-pressure and high-temperature generating device such as a belt-type high-pressure device that can maintain the above-mentioned conditions for the time required for a predetermined reaction is used. Examples Example 1 After thoroughly mixing Mn powder and Ge powder with a purity of 99.999% or higher at a molar ratio of approximately 1:1, the mixture was molded into a disk shape of 5φ×3 mm by applying a load of 4.0 t/cm 2 . This was filled into a boron nitride reaction vessel and treated for 5 hours at 4GPa and 800°C using a belt-type high-pressure device. After the reaction was completed, the heating power was cut off and the mixture was rapidly cooled, and unreacted Ge was removed with concentrated nitric acid. The obtained compound was confirmed to be MnGe as a result of atomic absorption spectrometry and spectrophotometric analysis. Table 1 shows the results of powder X-ray diffraction of the manganese monogermanium compound obtained in Example 1. This diffraction pattern indicates a FeSi type structure, that is, a B20 type structure, with a cubic system and a space group.
It was determined to be a compound belonging to T 4 (P213) and having a lattice constant a=4.795A.

【表】【table】

【表】 第1図、第2図にそれぞれ実施例1で得られた
MnGeの抵抗率の温度依存性と熱電能の温度依存
性とを示した。これらの図によれば170K付近で
抵抗率に折曲がりが認められるとともに、ほぼ同
じ温度で熱電能が不連続に変化する。又熱電能の
測定において、降温時と昇温時とで履歴を伴う変
化が観測された。このように本発明のマンガンモ
ノゲルマニウム化物は特異な特徴を有しており、
熱電変換素子としての新規な用途も期待される。
第3図はMnGeの磁化率の温度依存性を示したも
のである。これは反強磁性体であることを示唆し
ているが、キユーリ・ワイス定数が正の値を持つ
ことや、<111>方向を螺旋軸とする結晶構造から
考えて、螺旋軸に沿つたMn−Mn間に強磁性的
なスピン間の相互作用があることを示している。 実施例 2 反応条件を5.5GPa、800℃、4時間とする以外
は実施例1と同様にして処理を行つた。得られた
化合物は化学分析及びX線回折の結果、実施例1
と同じB20型のMnGeであり、同一の物性を示し
た。 効 果 本発明はゲルマニウム含有率の高い、新規な
B20型構造のマンガンモノゲルマニウム化物を提
供するものである。この化合物は比抵抗が小さ
く、又特異な温度−熱電能特性を有しており、熱
電変換材料や導電材料として、熱電変換素子、温
度制御素子、抵抗体などの用途に有用である。更
に本発明は、マンガンモノゲルマニウム化物の製
造方法を併せて確立したものであり、産業上極め
て有益である。
[Table] Figures 1 and 2 show the results obtained in Example 1, respectively.
The temperature dependence of resistivity and thermopower of MnGe are shown. According to these figures, there is a bend in the resistivity around 170K, and the thermoelectric power changes discontinuously at approximately the same temperature. In addition, in the measurement of thermopower, changes with history were observed between when the temperature was lowered and when the temperature was increased. As described above, the manganese monogermanide of the present invention has unique characteristics,
New applications as thermoelectric conversion elements are also expected.
Figure 3 shows the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of MnGe. This suggests that it is an antiferromagnetic material, but considering the positive value of the Cuyrie-Weiss constant and the crystal structure with the helical axis in the <111> direction, Mn along the helical axis This indicates that there is a ferromagnetic spin-to-spin interaction between -Mn. Example 2 The treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the reaction conditions were 5.5 GPa, 800° C., and 4 hours. As a result of chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction, the obtained compound was found to be Example 1.
It is the same B20 type MnGe as , and showed the same physical properties. Effects The present invention provides a novel material with a high germanium content.
The present invention provides a manganese monogermanide having a B20 type structure. This compound has low resistivity and unique temperature-thermoelectric properties, and is useful as a thermoelectric conversion material or conductive material for thermoelectric conversion elements, temperature control elements, resistors, etc. Furthermore, the present invention also establishes a method for producing manganese monogermanium compounds, which is extremely useful industrially.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は、本発明のB20型構造を有するMnGe
の抵抗率の測定結果を示すグラフ、第2図及び第
3図は同じく熱電能及び磁化率の測定結果を示す
グラフである。
Figure 1 shows MnGe with B20 type structure of the present invention.
2 and 3 are graphs showing the measurement results of thermoelectric power and magnetic susceptibility.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 B20型構造を有し、組成式MnGeで表される
マンガンモノゲルマニウム化物。 2 ほぼ化学量論量のマンガンとゲルマニウムを
混合し、圧力1GPa以上、温度600〜1300℃の条件
下で反応させることを特徴とする、B20型構造を
有するマンガンモノゲルマニウム化物の製造方
法。
[Claims] 1. A manganese monogermanide having a B20 type structure and represented by the composition formula MnGe. 2. A method for producing a manganese monogermanide having a B20 type structure, which comprises mixing substantially stoichiometric amounts of manganese and germanium and reacting the mixture under conditions of a pressure of 1 GPa or more and a temperature of 600 to 1300°C.
JP4239387A 1987-02-25 1987-02-25 Manganese germanium compound and its manufacturing method Granted JPS63210250A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4239387A JPS63210250A (en) 1987-02-25 1987-02-25 Manganese germanium compound and its manufacturing method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4239387A JPS63210250A (en) 1987-02-25 1987-02-25 Manganese germanium compound and its manufacturing method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63210250A JPS63210250A (en) 1988-08-31
JPH0575816B2 true JPH0575816B2 (en) 1993-10-21

Family

ID=12634822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63210250A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4900350B2 (en) * 2008-09-16 2012-03-21 Jx日鉱日石金属株式会社 Manufacturing method to obtain high purity manganese
JP7755287B2 (en) * 2021-07-20 2025-10-16 国立大学法人東海国立大学機構 intermetallic compounds

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5739151A (en) * 1980-08-18 1982-03-04 Res Inst Electric Magnetic Alloys Hexagonal lattice type antiferromagnetic invar type alloy and preparation thereof

Also Published As

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