JPH0577026B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0577026B2 JPH0577026B2 JP60228924A JP22892485A JPH0577026B2 JP H0577026 B2 JPH0577026 B2 JP H0577026B2 JP 60228924 A JP60228924 A JP 60228924A JP 22892485 A JP22892485 A JP 22892485A JP H0577026 B2 JPH0577026 B2 JP H0577026B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic
- elastic modulus
- measurement
- present
- probe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/02827—Elastic parameters, strength or force
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/048—Transmission, i.e. analysed material between transmitter and receiver
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、人造黒鉛電極などの炭素質材料の品
質検査方法に係り、特に材料内部の欠陥の検出、
弾性率の測定を、全数、自動的にて行うのに好適
な方法に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for inspecting the quality of carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite electrodes, and particularly to detection of defects inside the material,
The present invention relates to a method suitable for automatically performing all measurements of elastic modulus.
従来、人造黒鉛電極などの炭素質材料の欠陥検
査は、目視による外観検査、打音検査を主体に実
施されていた。当然のことながら、外観検査で
は、内部欠陥は検出できない。また、打音検査に
ついても、検査員の個人差、品種の多様化に伴う
判定基準の複雑化など、問題点が多かつた。ま
た、作業能率、省力化の点から見ても、両検査法
の問題点は、多かつた。また、高炉用カーボンブ
ロツクを対象に、超音波探傷検査も一部実施され
ていたが、超音波の界面散乱を少なくするため、
超音波探触子と被検査物との間にグリス、水等を
塗布する方法を用いており、自動化が難しく、手
作業に頼らざるを得なかつた。従つて、測定精
度、作業能率の点で問題点があつた。
Conventionally, defect inspection of carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite electrodes has mainly been carried out by visual appearance inspection and hammering sound inspection. Naturally, internal defects cannot be detected by visual inspection. There were also many problems with the hammering test, such as individual differences among inspectors and the complexity of judgment criteria due to the diversification of varieties. In addition, both testing methods had many problems from the viewpoint of work efficiency and labor saving. In addition, some ultrasonic flaw detection tests have been carried out on carbon blocks for blast furnaces, but in order to reduce the scattering of ultrasonic waves at the interface,
The method uses a method of applying grease, water, etc. between the ultrasonic probe and the object to be inspected, which is difficult to automate and must be done manually. Therefore, problems arose in terms of measurement accuracy and work efficiency.
一方、炭素質材料の強度、弾性率の検査につい
ては、従来よりテストピースの抜き取り検査を主
体に行なわれているが、金属材料などに比べ材質
の不均質性が著しいので、抜き取り検査によるロ
ツト母集団の強度の推定精度は低い。また被検査
物である炭素質材料そのものの弾性率測定につい
ては、一部で固有振動数測定法が実施されている
が、被検査物の形状、振動し易くするための被検
査物の支持方法、機械的振動などのノイズ対策に
問題点があつた。また、固有振動数測定法から得
られる弾性率は、被検査物全体の平均的な値であ
り、個体内部の弾性率のバラツキを評価すること
は難しい。また、超音波音速測定法による弾性率
測定法についても、前述の超音波探傷検査の場合
と同様に、グリス塗布作業を伴うため、自動測定
には適さなかつた。 On the other hand, the strength and modulus of elasticity of carbonaceous materials have traditionally been tested mainly by sampling test pieces. The accuracy of estimating group strength is low. In addition, for measuring the elastic modulus of the carbonaceous material itself, which is the object to be inspected, the natural frequency measurement method is used in some cases. However, there were problems with countermeasures against noise such as mechanical vibration. Furthermore, the elastic modulus obtained from the natural frequency measurement method is an average value of the entire test object, and it is difficult to evaluate variations in the elastic modulus within an individual. Further, the elastic modulus measurement method using the ultrasonic sound velocity measurement method is not suitable for automatic measurement because it involves grease application work, as in the case of the ultrasonic flaw detection described above.
〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕
上記のように炭素質材料の欠陥検査に関する従
来の方法は、測定精度、作業能率が劣るという欠
点を有していた。また、炭素質材料の弾性率測定
に関する従来の方法は、技術的な制約が多く、個
体内部の弾性率のバラツキを、短時間に評価する
ことは難しく、自動化しにくいという欠点を有し
ていた。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As described above, the conventional methods for inspecting defects in carbonaceous materials have the drawbacks of poor measurement accuracy and work efficiency. In addition, conventional methods for measuring the elastic modulus of carbonaceous materials have many technical limitations, making it difficult to evaluate variations in the elastic modulus within an individual in a short time, and making it difficult to automate. .
本発明の目的は、炭素質材料の欠陥検査、弾性
率測定を、正確、迅速に行う方法を、提供するこ
とにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a method for accurately and quickly performing defect inspection and elastic modulus measurement of carbonaceous materials.
本発明者は、炭素質材料の欠陥検査、弾性率測
定を、正確かつ迅速に行うため、従来手作業にて
行つていた超音波探傷法及び超音波音速測定法
を、自動化する方法を検討し、本発明を完成し
た。
The present inventor investigated a method of automating the ultrasonic flaw detection method and ultrasonic sound velocity measurement method, which were conventionally performed manually, in order to accurately and quickly perform defect inspection and elastic modulus measurement of carbonaceous materials. and completed the present invention.
即ち、本発明の要旨は、超音波減衰音速測定器
を用いる、炭素質材料の超音波検査法において、
超音波探触子と炭素質材料との間の接触媒質とし
て特定のゴム板を設けることを特徴とする炭素質
材料の検査方法を提供するものである。 That is, the gist of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic inspection method for carbonaceous materials using an ultrasonic attenuated sound velocity measuring device.
The present invention provides a method for inspecting a carbonaceous material, characterized in that a specific rubber plate is provided as a couplant between an ultrasonic probe and the carbonaceous material.
従来の方法では、炭素質材料と探触子との接触
媒質としてグリス等を必要としたため、作業性に
難があつたが、本発明では、接触媒質として特定
のゴム板を用い、探触子を所定圧力にて機械的に
乾式圧着する方法を用いたものである。 The conventional method required grease or the like as a couplant between the carbonaceous material and the probe, making it difficult to work with.However, in the present invention, a specific rubber plate is used as the couplant, and the probe This method uses a method of mechanically dry-pressing the parts under a predetermined pressure.
ゴム板を構成するゴムの種類としては、ニトリ
ルゴム、クロロプレンゴムが好適であり、シリコ
ンゴムは密度が低く、超音波の減衰が大きいので
好ましくない。特に炭素材料は金属や液体に較
べ、超音波を通しにくいので、減衰が大きい材料
を用いるのは好ましくない。 As the type of rubber constituting the rubber plate, nitrile rubber and chloroprene rubber are preferable, and silicone rubber is not preferable because it has a low density and has a large attenuation of ultrasonic waves. In particular, since carbon materials are more difficult for ultrasonic waves to pass through than metals or liquids, it is not preferable to use materials with large attenuation.
なお、材質として、比重1.0以上、硬さ（JIS）
20〜80のものが推奨される。 In addition, the material has a specific gravity of 1.0 or more and hardness (JIS).
20-80 is recommended.
ゴム板の厚みは、0.2〜５mm程度が好適であり、
圧着する圧力は、１〜３Kg／cm2程度が、好適であ
る。 The thickness of the rubber plate is preferably about 0.2 to 5 mm.
The pressure for crimping is preferably about 1 to 3 kg/cm 2 .
超音波装置としては、通常の減衰音速測定器を
用い、透過波の波高から欠陥の大小を評価し、透
過時間から弾性率を求める。各測定点のデータは
演算器にて処置し、出力、記憶することができ
る。 A normal attenuated sound velocity measuring device is used as the ultrasonic device, and the size of the defect is evaluated from the wave height of the transmitted wave, and the elastic modulus is determined from the transmission time. Data at each measurement point can be processed by a computing unit, output, and stored.
また、炭素質材料内部の材質のバラツキを評価
するため、測定点を複数とし、被検査物の寸法に
応じて測定位置を調整するための探触子位置決め
装置を用ると、測定効率、精度はさらに向上す
る。 In addition, in order to evaluate material variations inside carbonaceous materials, it is possible to increase measurement efficiency and accuracy by setting multiple measurement points and using a probe positioning device to adjust the measurement position according to the dimensions of the object to be inspected. further improves.
探触子の位置決めの方法としては、下記の３通
りの方法が可能である。即ち
(1) 探触子を固定し、炭素質材料を移動させる方
法。 The following three methods are possible for positioning the probe. (1) A method in which the probe is fixed and the carbonaceous material is moved.
(2) 炭素質材料を固定し、探触子を移動させる方
法。(2) A method of fixing the carbonaceous material and moving the probe.
(3) 上記(1)、(2)の方法の併用。(3) Combination of methods (1) and (2) above.
いずれの方法も炭素質材料昇降用架台、Ｘ−Ｙ
テーブル（２軸又は１軸）及び近接スイツチを必
要とする。後述する実施例における位置決めの方
法は、(3)の方法であり、水平方向に探触子を移動
させ、上下方向に炭素質材料を移動させている。
移動距離は、炭素質材料のサイズ信号を予め入力
することにより、自動設定される。 Either method uses a carbonaceous material lifting platform, X-Y
Requires table (2-axis or 1-axis) and proximity switch. The positioning method in the embodiment described later is method (3), in which the probe is moved horizontally and the carbonaceous material is moved vertically.
The moving distance is automatically set by inputting the size signal of the carbonaceous material in advance.
次に、本発明を実施例をあげてさらに詳細に説
明する。第１図に示す装置により人造黒鉛ニツプ
ルを超音波検査した。検査結果を、第２図、第３
図に示す。
Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail by giving examples. An artificial graphite nipple was subjected to ultrasonic inspection using the apparatus shown in FIG. The test results are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
As shown in the figure.
第１図は本発明の方法を実施するための工程の
一例を示すものである。図において１は超音波探
触子位置決め圧着装置、２は超音波探触子、３は
ゴム板、４は炭素質材料、５は超音波減衰音速測
定器、６は演算器である。 FIG. 1 shows an example of steps for carrying out the method of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an ultrasonic probe positioning and crimping device, 2 is an ultrasonic probe, 3 is a rubber plate, 4 is a carbonaceous material, 5 is an ultrasonic attenuation sound velocity measuring device, and 6 is a computing unit.
本実施例においては、比重1.1、硬さ60のニト
リルゴム製の厚さ1.0mmのゴム板を用いた。圧着
する圧力は、1.7Kg／cm2に設定した。 In this example, a 1.0 mm thick rubber plate made of nitrile rubber with a specific gravity of 1.1 and a hardness of 60 was used. The pressure for crimping was set at 1.7 Kg/cm 2 .
第２図は、解体した人造黒鉛ニツプルの組織と
各測定点における透過波の波高を比較した例であ
り、内部欠陥が著しいほど、波高が低い傾向が見
られる。 FIG. 2 is an example comparing the structure of a disassembled artificial graphite nipple and the wave height of the transmitted wave at each measurement point, and it can be seen that the more significant the internal defects, the lower the wave height.
第３図は、解体した人造黒鉛ニツプルから採取
したテストピースの弾性率（測定法はJIS R7202
による）と解体前のニツプルの弾性率との関係を
求めたものであり、強い正相関が認められる。 Figure 3 shows the elastic modulus of a test piece taken from a disassembled artificial graphite nipple (the measurement method is JIS R7202).
This study determined the relationship between the elastic modulus of the nipple before disassembly and the elastic modulus of the nipple before disassembly, and a strong positive correlation was found.
なお、人造黒鉛電極（ポール）、特殊炭素材な
どについても、本発明の方法は適用可能である。 Note that the method of the present invention is also applicable to artificial graphite electrodes (poles), special carbon materials, and the like.
従つて、本発明によれば、人造黒鉛電極などの
欠陥検査、弾性率測定を、自動的に行うことがで
きる。 Therefore, according to the present invention, defect inspection and elastic modulus measurement of artificial graphite electrodes and the like can be automatically performed.
〔発明の効果〕
本発明によれば、人造黒鉛電極などの炭素、黒
鉛材料の欠陥検査、弾性率測定を、自動的に行う
ことができるので、全数検査が可能となり不良品
発見率の向上、材質の定量的評価および検査工程
の省力化の効果がある。具体例としては、従来、
外観検査で発見できなかつた内部欠陥品の約９割
が検出され、弾性率測定の所要工数は、保守管理
関係のみに縮小された。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, defect inspection and elastic modulus measurement of carbon and graphite materials such as artificial graphite electrodes can be automatically performed, making it possible to perform 100% inspection, improving the rate of finding defective products, It has the effect of quantitatively evaluating materials and saving labor in the inspection process. As a specific example, conventionally,
Approximately 90% of the internal defects that could not be found during external inspection were detected, and the man-hours required for elastic modulus measurements were reduced to those related to maintenance management only.
従つて、本発明の方法は、品質保証体制の強化
および効率化にとつてきわめて有用である。 Therefore, the method of the present invention is extremely useful for strengthening and improving the efficiency of a quality assurance system.
第１図は本発明の方法を実施するための工程の
一例を示すものである。
１……超音波探触子位置決め圧着装置、２……
超音波探触子、３……ゴム板、４……炭素質材
料、５……超音波減衰音速測定器、６……演算器
第２図は、第１図に示す装置構成により検査し
た人造黒鉛ニツプルの解体組織を示す例である。
図の各数値は、対応する測定点における透過波の
波高を表わしている。第３図は、第１図に示す装
置構成により検査した人造黒鉛ニツプルから採取
したテストピースの弾性率（測定法はJIS R7202
による）と、解体前のニツプルの弾性率との関係
を示すものである。
FIG. 1 shows an example of steps for carrying out the method of the present invention. 1... Ultrasonic probe positioning and crimping device, 2...
Ultrasonic probe, 3...Rubber plate, 4...Carbonaceous material, 5...Ultrasonic attenuation sound velocity measuring device, 6...Arithmetic unit Figure 2 shows the artificial structure inspected with the device configuration shown in Figure 1. This is an example showing the disassembled structure of graphite nipples.
Each numerical value in the figure represents the wave height of the transmitted wave at the corresponding measurement point. Figure 3 shows the elastic modulus of the test piece taken from the artificial graphite nipple tested using the equipment configuration shown in Figure 1 (the measurement method is JIS R7202).
) and the elastic modulus of the nipple before disassembly.
Claims (1)
の超音波検査法において、超音波探触子と炭素質
材料との間の接触媒質としてニトリルゴム板又は
クロロプレンゴム板を用いることを特徴とする炭
素質材料の検査方法。1. An ultrasonic inspection method for carbonaceous materials using an ultrasonic attenuated sound velocity measuring device, characterized by using a nitrile rubber plate or a chloroprene rubber plate as a couplant between the ultrasonic probe and the carbonaceous material. Inspection method for carbonaceous materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60228924A JPS6288959A (en) | 1985-10-16 | 1985-10-16 | Method for inspecting carbonaceous material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60228924A JPS6288959A (en) | 1985-10-16 | 1985-10-16 | Method for inspecting carbonaceous material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6288959A JPS6288959A (en) | 1987-04-23 |
| JPH0577026B2 true JPH0577026B2 (en) | 1993-10-25 |
Family
ID=16883988
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60228924A Granted JPS6288959A (en) | 1985-10-16 | 1985-10-16 | Method for inspecting carbonaceous material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6288959A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03114055U (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1991-11-22 | ||
| JP2782025B2 (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1998-07-30 | 東芝タンガロイ株式会社 | Measuring device for mechanical deformation value |
| JP4886576B2 (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2012-02-29 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Refractory thickness measurement terminal and refractory thickness measurement method |
| JP7740498B2 (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2025-09-17 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Gas Analysis System |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52109987A (en) * | 1976-03-11 | 1977-09-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind | Method of detecting flaw by supersonic waves |
| JPS60102628U (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1985-07-12 | 奥井電機株式会社 | Ultrasonic liquid detector |
-
1985
- 1985-10-16 JP JP60228924A patent/JPS6288959A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6288959A (en) | 1987-04-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |