JPH0580566B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0580566B2 JPH0580566B2 JP59042867A JP4286784A JPH0580566B2 JP H0580566 B2 JPH0580566 B2 JP H0580566B2 JP 59042867 A JP59042867 A JP 59042867A JP 4286784 A JP4286784 A JP 4286784A JP H0580566 B2 JPH0580566 B2 JP H0580566B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- air
- fuel
- spray
- combustion chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はデイーゼル機関の燃焼室に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a combustion chamber of a diesel engine.
従来のこの種側方噴射式（中央噴射式に対し
て）デイーゼル機関の要部の断面を第１図に示
す。第１図の−矢視断面図を第２図に示す。
第１図において、１はピストン、２はピストン
棒、３はシリンダライナ、４はシリンダカバー、
５は排気弁箱、６は排気弁、７は燃料弁、８は燃
焼室、Swは空気渦流である。第２図において、
ａ〜ｄは燃料噴霧である。 FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the main parts of a conventional side-injection type diesel engine (as opposed to a central injection type). A sectional view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2.
In Fig. 1, 1 is a piston, 2 is a piston rod, 3 is a cylinder liner, 4 is a cylinder cover,
5 is an exhaust valve box, 6 is an exhaust valve, 7 is a fuel valve, 8 is a combustion chamber, and Sw is an air vortex. In Figure 2,
a to d are fuel sprays.
上記構成において、ピストン１が下死点に近づ
くと、排気弁６が開き排気が同弁６を通して流出
し、同時にシリンダ下部に穿設した掃気孔（図示
しない）から新気が流入し、シリンダ３内の残留
排気ガスを排気弁６部より追い出し、掃気を行う
と共にシリンダ３内に新気が充てんされる。この
時、良好な燃焼を行わせるため、強い空気渦流を
発生する方向に向けて掃気孔をあけている。 In the above configuration, when the piston 1 approaches the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve 6 opens and the exhaust gas flows out through the valve 6. At the same time, fresh air flows in from the scavenging hole (not shown) drilled at the bottom of the cylinder, and the cylinder 3 The residual exhaust gas in the cylinder 3 is expelled from the exhaust valve 6, scavenging air is performed, and the cylinder 3 is filled with fresh air. At this time, in order to achieve good combustion, scavenging holes are opened in the direction that generates a strong air swirl.
次にピストン１が上昇すると掃気孔が閉じられ
圧縮が始まり、第１図のように上死点近傍にピス
トン１が到達すると燃焼室８内の空気は高温高圧
となり、この中にシリンダカバー４の燃焼室周辺
部に設けられた燃料弁７から燃料が噴射され、第
２図に示すように空気中を噴霧流ａ〜ｄとなつて
貫徹し、燃焼室内に分散される。この時上記の掃
気時に形成された空気渦流はピストンが上死点に
近づいても殆んど減衰することなく残留し、噴射
された燃料と空気は十分混合し、良好な燃焼が得
られるよう構成してある。 Next, when the piston 1 rises, the scavenging hole closes and compression begins. When the piston 1 reaches near the top dead center as shown in Fig. 1, the air in the combustion chamber 8 becomes high temperature and high pressure, and the cylinder cover 4 is Fuel is injected from a fuel valve 7 provided around the combustion chamber, passes through the air as spray streams a to d, and is dispersed within the combustion chamber, as shown in FIG. At this time, the air vortex formed during the scavenging described above remains with almost no attenuation even when the piston approaches top dead center, and the injected fuel and air are sufficiently mixed to achieve good combustion. It has been done.
しかし上記のものには次の欠点がある。 However, the above method has the following drawbacks.
噴射された燃料は空気渦流の中を貫徹して流
れ、ピストン頂面に衝突しそのままピストン１の
頂面上を流れる。ここでピストン１の頂面の形状
はどの垂直断面においても、第１図に示すような
浅皿形燃焼室の底面の形状をしており、衝突した
噴霧はなめらかに流れ空気導入の面では不利にな
る、また、比較的強い空気渦流により燃料と空気
の混合を促進するようにしてあるが、混合に作用
するのは空気渦流と燃料噴霧の相対速度だけであ
り、ピストン１の頂面に衝突後、頂面上を噴霧が
発達するような時期は貫徹力を失なつて空気渦流
に乗つて発達するような時期であり、相対速度は
小さく空気渦流の有効利用の面からも不利とな
り、空気利用率が低下し、燃焼効率が不十分とな
る。 The injected fuel flows through the air vortex, collides with the top surface of the piston, and flows directly on the top surface of the piston 1. Here, the shape of the top surface of the piston 1 has the shape of the bottom surface of a shallow dish combustion chamber as shown in Fig. 1 in any vertical section, and the colliding spray flows smoothly, which is disadvantageous in terms of air introduction. Although the mixing of fuel and air is promoted by a relatively strong air vortex, only the relative velocity of the air vortex and the fuel spray affect the mixing, and the collision with the top surface of the piston 1 affects the mixing. After that, the period when the spray develops on the top surface is the period when it loses its penetrating power and develops on the air vortex, and the relative velocity is small and it is disadvantageous from the point of view of effective use of the air vortex. Utilization rate decreases and combustion efficiency becomes insufficient.
本発明の目的は上記の点に着目し、側方噴射式
デイーゼル機関において、燃料噴霧が空気渦流に
乗つて発達した時期に空気流れ及び噴霧流に乱れ
を生じ燃料と空気の混合を促進し空気利用率、燃
焼効率を向上せしめることのできる機関を提供す
ることであり、その特徴とするところは、ピスト
ン頂面に同ピストンの中心から周辺にのびて空気
渦流をせき止める段差状に燃料弁と同数に形成さ
れた突起部を備えたことである。 The purpose of the present invention is to focus on the above-mentioned points, and in a side-injection diesel engine, when the fuel spray develops on the air vortex, turbulence is created in the air flow and spray flow to promote the mixing of fuel and air. Our goal is to provide an engine that can improve utilization and combustion efficiency.The main feature of this engine is that it has the same number of steps as fuel valves on the top surface of the piston, which extend from the center of the piston to the periphery to block air vortices. It has a protrusion formed on the top.
以下図面を参照して本発明による実施例につき
説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第３図は本発明による１実施例のピストン頂部
を示す斜視図で、燃料弁２本の場合を示す。第４
図は第３図の矢視図、第５図は本発明による他
の実施例のピストン頂部を示す斜視図、第６図は
第５図の矢視図、第７図は噴霧が突起を乗り越
える際の状態を示す説明図、第８図は第７図の状
態の噴霧とピストン頂面の縦断面図、第９図は突
起により生ずる空気流れの乱れを示す説明図、第
１０図は本発明によるピストンを用いた場合の上
死点付近の状態図である。 FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the top of a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a case where there are two fuel valves. Fourth
The figure is a view in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the top of the piston of another embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a view in the direction of the arrow in FIG. FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the spray and the top surface of the piston in the state shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the turbulence of air flow caused by the protrusion. FIG. 10 is an illustration of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a state diagram near the top dead center when using a piston according to the above.
第３図、第５図の１０はピストン、１１は本発
明による突起であり、ピストン１０頂面に形成さ
れた浅皿形燃焼室の底面にピストン中心より周辺
部にのびて段差状に形成されている。第４図、第
６図の１２はシリンダカバーに設けられた燃料弁
のピストン頂面への投影点、Swは空気渦流の旋
回方向を示す。第７図、第８図の１３は燃料噴霧
を示す。また第８図の矢印Ａは空気流れを示す。
第９図の１４は突起付近の空気流れを示す。第１
０図の１はピストン、２はピストン棒、３はシリ
ンダライナ、４はシリンダカバー、５は排気弁
箱、６は排気弁、７は燃料弁、８は燃焼室を示
す。 In FIGS. 3 and 5, 10 is a piston, and 11 is a protrusion according to the present invention, which is formed in a stepped shape extending from the center of the piston to the periphery on the bottom surface of the shallow dish-shaped combustion chamber formed on the top surface of the piston 10. ing. 4 and 6, reference numeral 12 indicates the projection point of the fuel valve provided on the cylinder cover onto the top surface of the piston, and Sw indicates the swirling direction of the air vortex. Reference numeral 13 in FIGS. 7 and 8 indicates fuel spray. Further, arrow A in FIG. 8 indicates the air flow.
14 in FIG. 9 shows the air flow near the protrusion. 1st
In Figure 0, 1 is a piston, 2 is a piston rod, 3 is a cylinder liner, 4 is a cylinder cover, 5 is an exhaust valve box, 6 is an exhaust valve, 7 is a fuel valve, and 8 is a combustion chamber.
第３図〜第６図では、平面図（第４図、第６
図）における突起の形状が空気流れの方向に凹の
場合を示しているが、直線及び凸状の場合も含
む。 In Figures 3 to 6, the plan views (Figures 4 and 6)
Although the shape of the protrusion in Figure 1) is concave in the direction of air flow, it also includes straight and convex shapes.
上記構成の場合の作用について述べる。 The operation in the case of the above configuration will be described.
本発明によるピストンを用いた場合、１本の燃
料弁から噴射され形成された噴霧群に対し、１つ
のピストン頂面突起が対応する。 When the piston according to the present invention is used, one piston top surface protrusion corresponds to a spray group formed by injecting from one fuel valve.
本発明による突起により、第７図、第８図に示
すように、空気流れに乗つてピストン頂面を流れ
てきた噴霧が突起を乗りこえる際に乱れを生ずる
と共に、空気流れを横切るように運動する。ま
た、空気流れ自体も突起付近で第９図に示すよう
に乱れを生ずる。これらの作用により突起付近で
の燃料と空気のかくはんが行われ混合が促進され
る。 As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the protrusion according to the present invention causes turbulence when the spray that has flown along the air flow and flows over the piston top surface gets over the protrusion, and also causes the spray to move across the air flow. do. Further, the air flow itself also becomes turbulent near the protrusion, as shown in FIG. These actions agitate the fuel and air near the protrusions, promoting mixing.
掃気行程、圧縮行程及び燃料噴射の過程に関し
ては従来システムと同様な作用を行う。 The scavenging stroke, compression stroke, and fuel injection process operate in the same manner as conventional systems.
上述の場合には次の効果がある。 The above case has the following effects.
従来のシステムでは噴霧と空気渦流の相対速度
により混合を促進するようにしてある、噴霧が十
分に発達しピストン頂面に衝突して頂面上を流れ
て行くような時期では、空気渦流と噴霧の相対速
度は小さくなり、また噴霧の片面はピストン頂面
に接しているため、空気導入が不十分となり混合
が低下する。 In conventional systems, mixing is promoted by the relative velocity of the spray and the air vortex.When the spray is sufficiently developed and impinges on the top of the piston and flows over the top, the air vortex and the spray The relative velocity of the spray becomes small, and since one side of the spray is in contact with the top surface of the piston, air introduction becomes insufficient and mixing deteriorates.
本発明によれば、空気流れに乗つてピストン頂
面上を流れた噴霧は、第７図、第８図に示すよう
に、頂面上に設けられた突起に衝突し、空気流れ
を横切るような方向に発達し、同時に噴霧の流れ
に乱れを生じ、空気と燃料の混合が促進される。
また、突起付近では、第９図に示すように、空気
流れ自体にも乱れと複雑な流れを生じ、混合促進
の効果が生ずる。さらに本発明によれば、燃料弁
と同数の突起を設けているため、各々の燃料弁か
ら形成された噴霧群それぞれに一つの突起が作用
し、全体としての混合も促進される。 According to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the spray that flows on the top surface of the piston along with the air flow collides with the protrusion provided on the top surface and crosses the air flow. At the same time, it creates turbulence in the spray flow and promotes the mixing of air and fuel.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, in the vicinity of the protrusion, the air flow itself becomes turbulent and complicated, producing the effect of promoting mixing. Further, according to the present invention, since the same number of protrusions as the fuel valves are provided, one protrusion acts on each spray group formed from each fuel valve, and mixing as a whole is also promoted.
このように、本発明によれば噴霧がピストン頂
面を流れるような燃料と空気の混合能力が低下し
た時期の混合を促進するため空気利用率、燃焼効
率の高い燃焼が得られる。 As described above, according to the present invention, since the mixing of fuel and air is promoted at a time when the mixing ability of fuel and air is reduced, such as when the spray flows on the top surface of the piston, combustion with high air utilization rate and combustion efficiency can be obtained.
なお、本発明は燃料弁が４本ある場合にも適用
できる。また上記実施例では突起は平面視におい
て空気渦流に対して凹状の場合を示しているが、
直線及び逆に凸状の場合にも適用できる。 Note that the present invention can also be applied to a case where there are four fuel valves. Further, in the above embodiment, the protrusion is concave with respect to the air vortex in plan view, but
It can also be applied to straight lines and convex cases.
第１図は従来の側方噴射式デイーゼル機関の要
部を示す断面図、第２図は第１図の−矢視
図、第３図は本発明による１実施例のピストン頂
部を示す斜視図、第４図は第３図の矢視図、第
５図は本発明による他の実施例のピストン頂部を
示す斜視図、第６図は第５図の矢視図、第７図
は噴霧が突起を乗り越える際の状態を示す説明
図、第８図は第７図の状態の噴霧とピストン頂面
の縦断面図、第９図は突起により生ずる空気流れ
の乱れを示す説明図、第１０図は本発明によるピ
ストンを用いた場合の上死点付近の状態図であ
る。
４…シリンダカバー、７…燃料弁、８…燃焼
室、１０…ピストン、１１…突起、１２…燃料弁
のピストン頂面への投影点。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the main parts of a conventional side-injection diesel engine, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the top of a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention. , FIG. 4 is a view in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the top of the piston of another embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a view in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 5, and FIG. An explanatory diagram showing the state when getting over the protrusion, Fig. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the spray and the top surface of the piston in the state shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the turbulence of air flow caused by the protrusion, Fig. 10 is a state diagram near the top dead center when using the piston according to the present invention. 4... Cylinder cover, 7... Fuel valve, 8... Combustion chamber, 10... Piston, 11... Projection, 12... Projection point of the fuel valve onto the top surface of the piston.
Claims (1)
弁を有し同燃焼室内に空気渦流が形成されるデイ
ーゼル機関の燃焼室において、ピストン頂面に形
成された浅皿形燃焼室の底面に同ピストンの中心
から周辺にのびて上記空気渦流をせき止める段差
状に上記燃料弁と同数に形成された突起部を備え
たことを特徴とするデイーゼル機関の燃焼室。1. In the combustion chamber of a diesel engine, which has a plurality of fuel valves around the combustion chamber of the cylinder cover and an air vortex is formed within the combustion chamber, the piston is located on the bottom surface of a shallow dish-shaped combustion chamber formed on the top surface of the piston. A combustion chamber for a diesel engine, comprising a step-shaped protrusion extending from the center to the periphery to block the air vortex, the number of which is equal to the number of the fuel valves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59042867A JPS60187714A (en) | 1984-03-08 | 1984-03-08 | Combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59042867A JPS60187714A (en) | 1984-03-08 | 1984-03-08 | Combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60187714A JPS60187714A (en) | 1985-09-25 |
| JPH0580566B2 true JPH0580566B2 (en) | 1993-11-09 |
Family
ID=12647982
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59042867A Granted JPS60187714A (en) | 1984-03-08 | 1984-03-08 | Combustion chamber of diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60187714A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009144646A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-07-02 | Ihi Corp | Method of fuel injection for diesel engine and diesel engine |
| JP2013137029A (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2013-07-11 | Harry V Lehmann | Device and method to increase fuel burn efficiency in internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT1564U1 (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1997-07-25 | Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech | FOUR-STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
| DE19704640B4 (en) * | 1997-02-07 | 2008-10-23 | Audi Ag | Method for operating a flame-ignited internal combustion engine |
| AT1974U1 (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1998-02-25 | Avl List Gmbh | FOUR-STOCK COMBUSTION ENGINE |
| DE19807489A1 (en) * | 1998-02-21 | 1999-08-26 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Reciprocating piston of an internal combustion engine |
| JP5071088B2 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2012-11-14 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉ | Diesel engine fuel injection method and diesel engine |
-
1984
- 1984-03-08 JP JP59042867A patent/JPS60187714A/en active Granted
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013137029A (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2013-07-11 | Harry V Lehmann | Device and method to increase fuel burn efficiency in internal combustion engine |
| JP2009144646A (en) * | 2007-12-17 | 2009-07-02 | Ihi Corp | Method of fuel injection for diesel engine and diesel engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60187714A (en) | 1985-09-25 |
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