JPH0588149B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0588149B2 JPH0588149B2 JP60250137A JP25013785A JPH0588149B2 JP H0588149 B2 JPH0588149 B2 JP H0588149B2 JP 60250137 A JP60250137 A JP 60250137A JP 25013785 A JP25013785 A JP 25013785A JP H0588149 B2 JPH0588149 B2 JP H0588149B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- graft
- grafting
- graft polymerization
- medical material
- antithrombotic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Description
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明は、重合性モノマーである2−ヒドロキ
シエチル(メタ)アクリレートを予め予備重合さ
せたマクロモノマーを高分子成形品表面にグラフ
ト重合し、その表面の改善を行うことにより、血
液に適用した際の血液の凝固を低減させた抗血栓
性医用材料に関する。
[従来の技術]
医療分野において、血液の凝固性を誘起しない
抗血栓性材料は、カテーテルから人工臓器に至る
医療用具のための素材として広く要望されてい
る。
素材に抗血栓性を附与する方法の一つとして、
成形体表面にグラフト重合を行う方法があり、各
種モノマーをグラフト重合した抗血栓性材料が開
示されている(特開昭48−17595,49−125493,
54−72294号公報)。
近年、モノマーを予じめ重合し、低および中分
子量の重合性を有するモノマーと見なせる化合物
(マクロモノマー)とした後に、グラフト重合を
行う方法が提唱されており(川上雄資ら表面、
1984年、第22巻、p297〜309、ポリマーダイジエ
スト、1985年、第3号、p2〜15)、モノマーによ
るグラフトと異なる特性を与え得る方法として注
目されている。
[発明が解決しようとする問題点]
本発明は、抗血栓性に優れた医用材料を得んと
して研究を行つた結果、2−ヒドロキシエチル
(メタ)アクリレートを予じめ重合させマクロモ
ノマーとした後に、グラフト重合を行うことによ
り、従来のモノマーによるグラフトに比べて、抗
血栓性の高い医用材料が得られるとの知見を得、
更にこの知見に基づき種々研究を進めて、本研究
を完成するに至つたものである。その目的とする
ところは、従来のモノマーによるグラフトに比べ
て高収率にて抗血栓性に優れた医用材料を提供す
ることにある。
すなわち、本発明は、2−ヒドロキシエチル
(メタ)アクリレートを予め重合させてマクロモ
ノマーとした後に、それを高分子成形品にグラフ
ト重合させることを特徴とする抗血栓性医用材料
である。
[作用]
本発明の最大の特徴は、グラフト重合を行うモ
ノマーを、予じめ重合した後にグラフト重合を行
うことにある。通常、グラフト反応は、モノマー
またはモノマーを溶解したグラフト溶液により、
基材にグラフト鎖を生成させることにより行われ
る。しかし、グラフト溶液において、グラフト重
合の前に予備重合を行つた場合では生成するグラ
フト鎖はモノマーが予備重合されたマクロモノマ
ーにより構成され、モノマーによるグラフト鎖と
は異なる特性を帯びさせることができる。ここ
で、グラフト溶液を予備重合させる方法としては
通常用いられている重合法を利用することが可能
であり、ラジカル重合剤、アニオンまたはカチオ
ン重合剤、放射線、光等による重合法を挙げるこ
とができる。
本発明において用いられる高分子成形品は、グ
ラフト重合を行うための基体であり、グラフト重
合可能なものであれば、いかなる高分子成形品も
使用することができる。しかし、医用素材の基体
であるため、生体に有害な影響を与えないことが
必要である。そのため、一般的に医用素材として
用いられており、グラフト重合の容易なオレフイ
ンまたはハロゲン化オレフインの重合体または共
重合体が望ましい。具体的には、ポリエチレン、
ポリプロピレン、EVA共重合体、ポリ塩化ビニ
ル、テフロン等を挙げることができる。また、抗
血栓性が良いとされるシリコーン、ポリウレタン
を使用しても、より抗血栓性の高い医用材料を得
ることができる。
本発明に用いられるグラフト重合法は、基体の
表面にグラフト鎖を生成させ、表面の改質を行う
方法であり、通常用いられるグラフト重合法が可
能である。具体的には、第二セリウム塩等の試薬
による方法、放射線、光等による方法、プラズ
マ、コロナ、オゾン等による方法を挙げることが
できる。しかし、医用材料に用いるためには、有
害な添加物の無いことが必要であり、添加物が必
要でなく、グラフト効率の高い、電離性放射線に
よる方法が好ましい。
[発明の効果]
本発明に従いグラフト重合を行うと、従来のモ
ノマーによるグラフト重合による方法では、得ら
れ難い抗血栓性の良好な医用材料を得ることがで
きる。また、従来の方法に比べてグラフト重合の
進行が速く、高効率にて製造することが可能であ
る。
即ち、本発明においては、重合性モノマーを予
め予備重合した、マクロモノマーを高分子表面に
グラフトさせるために、モノマーの分子量を適切
に制御することができて、高分子表面に球状にグ
ラフト重合層を突起させることができる。その結
果、血液親和性のある血管表面を血球が乱れなが
ら流れ、しかも滞留しないようになるので、抗血
栓性が発現されるという効果が生じるのである。
本発明は、チユーブ、カテーテル、人工血管、
移植材、創傷被覆材、人工臓器用等の抗血栓性を
必要とする医用素材として好適である。
[実施例]
以下、本発明の実施例を示すが、本発明はこれ
に限定されるものではない。
ポリエチレンフイルム(LDPE厚み50μm)、60
mm×150mmを円筒状にした後、窒素雰囲気下にて
電子線(1.5MeV 1mA)を用い、10Mradの照射
を行つた。照射したフイルムは、2本の支柱を有
する固定具に固定後、1のセパラブルフラスコ
中にセツトし脱気を行つた。グラフト溶液は、以
下の組成により調整し、窒素にて脱酸素後、過酸
化水素(3%)を0.15ml添加して、30分間予備重
合を行い、真空下にて吸引誘導して照射フイルム
が固定された固定具を浸漬した。グラフト反応は
25℃の恒温槽中にて行つた。
グラフト溶液
2−ヒドロキシメチルメタ
アクリレート(HEMA岸田化学製) 200g
水 720g
エタノール 80g
モール塩
(FeSO4(NH4)2SO4・6H2O) 0.25g
グラフトフイルムは反応後、水及びエタノール
にて十分洗浄し、減圧乾燥を行つた。
グラフト反応時間一時間にて24%、五時間にて
170%のグラフト率のHEMAグラフトフイルムが
得られた。また、グラフトフイルムは、白色化し
ており、電子顕微鏡にて観察すると、数μmの球
状構造が見られた。
[比較例]
グラフト用フイルムの作製、電子線照射、グラ
フト溶液の調整を実施例と同様に行つた。但し、
グラフト溶液の予備重合は行なわず、HEMAを
モノマー状態にてグラフト反応を行つた。グラフ
ト反応五時間経過後も、実施例と異なり、粘度上
昇は見られなかつた。
反応時間一時間にて14%、五時間にて61%のグ
ラフト率のHEMAグラフトフイルムが得られた。
フイルムは、実施例と異なり、透明であり、球状
の表面構造は見られなかつた。
実施例及び比較例に関してin vitroの抗血栓性
及び、血小板粘着性の測定を行つた。
抗血栓性
ウサギ新鮮ACD血により今井法を行い、得ら
れた血餅の重量とポリエチレンフイルムに対する
血餅重量比(百分率)を示した。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention involves graft polymerizing a macromonomer prepared by prepolymerizing 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, which is a polymerizable monomer, onto the surface of a polymer molded article to improve the surface. The present invention relates to an antithrombotic medical material that reduces blood coagulation when applied to blood. [Prior Art] In the medical field, antithrombotic materials that do not induce blood coagulation are widely desired as materials for medical devices ranging from catheters to artificial organs. As one method of imparting antithrombotic properties to materials,
There is a method of graft polymerization on the surface of a molded body, and antithrombotic materials in which various monomers are graft-polymerized have been disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 17595-1983, 125-125-1993,
54-72294). In recent years, a method has been proposed in which monomers are pre-polymerized to form a compound (macromonomer) that can be considered a monomer with low or medium molecular weight polymerizability, and then graft polymerization is carried out (Yuji Kawakami et al.
(1984, Vol. 22, p. 297-309; Polymer Digest, 1985, No. 3, p. 2-15), and is attracting attention as a method that can provide properties different from those of monomer grafting. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As a result of research aimed at obtaining medical materials with excellent antithrombotic properties, the present invention was developed by polymerizing 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate in advance to form a macromonomer. Later, he discovered that by performing graft polymerization, a medical material with higher antithrombotic properties could be obtained compared to grafting using conventional monomers.
Furthermore, based on this knowledge, we proceeded with various studies and completed this research. The purpose is to provide a medical material with higher yield and superior antithrombotic properties compared to conventional monomer grafts. That is, the present invention is an antithrombotic medical material characterized by prepolymerizing 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate to form a macromonomer and then graft-polymerizing it onto a polymer molded article. [Function] The greatest feature of the present invention is that the graft polymerization is performed after the monomer for graft polymerization has been polymerized in advance. Usually, the grafting reaction is carried out using a monomer or a grafting solution in which the monomer is dissolved.
This is done by generating graft chains on the base material. However, when prepolymerization is performed before graft polymerization in the grafting solution, the resulting graft chains are composed of macromonomers that have been prepolymerized, and can have different characteristics from the monomer-based graft chains. Here, as a method for prepolymerizing the graft solution, commonly used polymerization methods can be used, including polymerization methods using radical polymerization agents, anionic or cationic polymerization agents, radiation, light, etc. . The polymer molded article used in the present invention is a base for graft polymerization, and any polymer molded article can be used as long as it is capable of graft polymerization. However, since it is a medical material base, it must not have any harmful effects on living organisms. Therefore, polymers or copolymers of olefins or halogenated olefins, which are generally used as medical materials and are easily graft-polymerized, are desirable. Specifically, polyethylene,
Examples include polypropylene, EVA copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, and Teflon. Further, even if silicone or polyurethane, which is said to have good antithrombotic properties, is used, a medical material with higher antithrombotic properties can be obtained. The graft polymerization method used in the present invention is a method of generating graft chains on the surface of a substrate to modify the surface, and a commonly used graft polymerization method is possible. Specifically, methods using reagents such as ceric salts, methods using radiation, light, etc., methods using plasma, corona, ozone, etc. can be mentioned. However, in order to use it as a medical material, it is necessary to be free of harmful additives, and a method using ionizing radiation that does not require additives and has high grafting efficiency is preferred. [Effects of the Invention] When graft polymerization is carried out according to the present invention, a medical material with good antithrombotic properties, which is difficult to obtain by conventional graft polymerization methods using monomers, can be obtained. In addition, the graft polymerization progresses faster than in conventional methods, making it possible to produce with high efficiency. That is, in the present invention, in order to graft a macromonomer, which has been prepolymerized with a polymerizable monomer, onto the polymer surface, the molecular weight of the monomer can be appropriately controlled, and a spherical graft polymer layer is formed on the polymer surface. can be made to protrude. As a result, blood cells flow in a turbulent manner on the blood vessel surface, which has blood affinity, and do not stagnate, resulting in the effect of developing antithrombotic properties. The present invention provides tubes, catheters, artificial blood vessels,
It is suitable as a medical material that requires antithrombotic properties, such as for transplant materials, wound dressings, and artificial organs. [Example] Examples of the present invention will be shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Polyethylene film (LDPE thickness 50μm), 60
After making a mm x 150 mm cylinder, it was irradiated with an electron beam (1.5 MeV 1 mA) at 10 Mrad in a nitrogen atmosphere. The irradiated film was fixed to a fixture having two supports, then set in one separable flask and degassed. The grafting solution was prepared with the following composition, deoxidized with nitrogen, added with 0.15ml of hydrogen peroxide (3%), prepolymerized for 30 minutes, and guided under vacuum to form an irradiated film. Fixed fixtures were immersed. The graft reaction is
The test was carried out in a constant temperature bath at 25°C. Grafting solution 2-Hydroxymethylmethacrylate (manufactured by HEMA Kishida Chemical) 200g Water 720g Ethanol 80g Mohr's salt (FeSO 4 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 6H 2 O) 0.25g After the reaction, the graft film is thoroughly soaked with water and ethanol. It was washed and dried under reduced pressure. Grafting reaction time: 24% at 1 hour, 24% at 5 hours
A HEMA grafted film with a grafting rate of 170% was obtained. Furthermore, the graft film had turned white, and when observed under an electron microscope, a spherical structure of several micrometers was observed. [Comparative Example] Preparation of a grafting film, electron beam irradiation, and preparation of a grafting solution were performed in the same manner as in Examples. however,
The grafting reaction was carried out using HEMA in a monomer state without prepolymerizing the grafting solution. Even after 5 hours of grafting reaction, no increase in viscosity was observed, unlike in Examples. A HEMA grafted film with a grafting rate of 14% was obtained after a reaction time of 1 hour and 61% after a reaction time of 5 hours.
Unlike the example, the film was transparent and no spherical surface structure was observed. In vitro antithrombotic properties and platelet adhesion were measured for Examples and Comparative Examples. Antithrombotic properties The Imai method was performed using fresh rabbit ACD blood, and the weight of the obtained clot and the clot weight ratio (percentage) to the polyethylene film are shown.
【表】【table】
【表】
血小板粘着性
測定用試料(約7×7mm)をポリエチレンフイ
ルムに貼付し、シヤーレ中にてウサギ新鮮全血に
浸漬し、5分間37℃の恒温槽上に静置した。終了
後、生理食塩水にて洗浄し、2.5%グルタルアル
デヒド溶液にて固定を行い、エタノール洗浄、ギ
ムザ染色、風乾後、顕微鏡(×1000)にて観察
し、試料表面に粘着した血小板数を計測した。得
られた値は、ポリエチレンフイルムに対する示標
により示した。[Table] Platelet adhesion A measurement sample (approximately 7 x 7 mm) was attached to a polyethylene film, immersed in fresh rabbit whole blood in a shear dish, and left in a constant temperature bath at 37°C for 5 minutes. After finishing, wash with physiological saline, fix with 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution, wash with ethanol, stain with Giemsa, air dry, observe with a microscope (x1000), and measure the number of platelets adhered to the sample surface. did. The values obtained are indicated by the indication for polyethylene film.
【表】
抗血栓性の示標である今井法の血餅重量は、比
較例に比べて約半分に低下している。また、血小
板の粘着性も、ポリエチレンフイルムに比べて低
下しており、抗血栓性に優れたHEMAグラフト
フイルムが得られた。[Table] The blood clot weight of the Imai method, which is an indicator of antithrombotic properties, was reduced by about half compared to the comparative example. Furthermore, the adhesiveness of platelets was also lower than that of polyethylene film, and a HEMA graft film with excellent antithrombotic properties was obtained.
Claims (1)
なるグラフト重合液を予め重合させてマクロモノ
マーとした後に、これを電離性放射線照射グラフ
ト重合により高分子成形品にグラフト重合させる
ことを特徴とする抗血栓性医用材料。 2 高分子成形品が、オレフイン若しくはハロゲ
ン化オレフインの重合体若しくは共重合体、シリ
コーン又はポリウレタンよりなることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第1項に記載の抗血栓性医用材
料。[Claims] 1. A graft polymerization solution consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is prepolymerized to form a macromonomer, and then this is graft-polymerized to a polymer molded article by graft polymerization by irradiation with ionizing radiation. Antithrombotic medical material. 2. The antithrombotic medical material according to claim 1, wherein the polymer molded article is made of a polymer or copolymer of olefin or halogenated olefin, silicone, or polyurethane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60250137A JPS62109575A (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1985-11-08 | Antithrombotic medical material graft-polymerized with macromonomer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60250137A JPS62109575A (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1985-11-08 | Antithrombotic medical material graft-polymerized with macromonomer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62109575A JPS62109575A (en) | 1987-05-20 |
| JPH0588149B2 true JPH0588149B2 (en) | 1993-12-21 |
Family
ID=17203373
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60250137A Granted JPS62109575A (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1985-11-08 | Antithrombotic medical material graft-polymerized with macromonomer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62109575A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07315138A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 1995-12-05 | Nagasa Kako Kk | Portable telephone holder |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5135501A (en) * | 1990-12-06 | 1992-08-04 | Ethicon, Inc. | Material for through the needle catheter |
| WO2018062451A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | 東レ株式会社 | Separation membrane module |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5315556A (en) * | 1976-07-28 | 1978-02-13 | Koa Denko | Fuse resistor for small power |
| JPS5743563A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1982-03-11 | Origin Electric Co Ltd | Power source equipment with unbalanced magnetization suppressing circuit |
| JPS5811224A (en) * | 1981-07-12 | 1983-01-22 | Saikou:Kk | Multiple ground improving work |
| JPS5811225A (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-01-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Setting structure of foundation built-in metal |
-
1985
- 1985-11-08 JP JP60250137A patent/JPS62109575A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07315138A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 1995-12-05 | Nagasa Kako Kk | Portable telephone holder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62109575A (en) | 1987-05-20 |
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