JPH0588285B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0588285B2 JPH0588285B2 JP31209687A JP31209687A JPH0588285B2 JP H0588285 B2 JPH0588285 B2 JP H0588285B2 JP 31209687 A JP31209687 A JP 31209687A JP 31209687 A JP31209687 A JP 31209687A JP H0588285 B2 JPH0588285 B2 JP H0588285B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tuyere
- resistance
- wear
- pipe
- inner tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 ZrO 2 and CrC Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は転炉等の治金炉に用いる耐用性の優れ
た製鋼用羽口に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a steelmaking tuyere with excellent durability used in a metallurgical furnace such as a converter.
鉄浴中に精錬用副原料を吹込む製鋼用精錬炉に
は底吹き転炉（例えば、Ｑ−BOP，LWS）、上底
吹き転炉（例えばＫ−BOP等）があるが、これ
らの治金炉に用いる吹込み用羽口は第２図および
第３図に示すように、二重管構造となつて耐火物
（炉体れんが）８中に嵌挿しており、内管１から
酸素、不活性ガスと生石灰、蛍石等の粉末５を吹
込み、内管１と外管２の隙間からプロパンガス、
灯油、天然ガス、不活性ガス等の冷却剤６を吹込
む。
Steelmaking refining furnaces that inject auxiliary materials for refining into the iron bath include bottom-blowing converters (e.g., Q-BOP, LWS) and top-bottom-blowing converters (e.g., K-BOP, etc.). As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the blowing tuyeres used in metal furnaces have a double-tube structure and are inserted into a refractory (furnace bricks) 8, and oxygen, Inert gas and powder 5 of quicklime, fluorite, etc. are blown into the gap between the inner tube 1 and outer tube 2, and propane gas,
Inject a coolant 6 such as kerosene, natural gas, or inert gas.
この内管１は耐酸化性の優れたステンレススチ
ールや銅等で造られている。さらに第２図に示す
ように、内管１の内壁にセラミツクスパイプ３を
嵌入して、吹込まれる粉体による内管の摩耗を防
止して内管を保護する方法もある（特開昭58−
100616）。 This inner tube 1 is made of stainless steel, copper, or the like, which has excellent oxidation resistance. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2, there is a method to protect the inner tube by fitting a ceramic pipe 3 into the inner wall of the inner tube 1 to prevent the wear of the inner tube due to powder being blown into the inner tube. −
100616).
しかし、製鋼用羽口は精錬中には1600〜2300℃
の高温に曝され、かつ酸素等の酸化性ガスと反応
して第４図に示すように内管１に損耗４を生じ
る。また高温下の羽口では副原料等５による羽口
の摩耗も急速に進行する。このような羽口損耗４
は冷却剤と酸化性ガスの直接反応（すなわち燃
焼）、各羽口毎の流量変動等も引き起し、羽口寿
命の著しい低下をもたらす。 However, during refining, steelmaking tuyeres are heated to temperatures of 1600 to 2300℃.
The inner tube 1 is exposed to high temperatures and reacts with oxidizing gas such as oxygen, causing wear 4 to the inner tube 1 as shown in FIG. Further, in the tuyere under high temperature, wear of the tuyere due to the auxiliary raw materials 5 also progresses rapidly. Such tuyere wear 4
This also causes a direct reaction (i.e. combustion) between the coolant and the oxidizing gas, and fluctuations in the flow rate for each tuyere, resulting in a significant reduction in the life of the tuyere.
また、このような問題点を解決するために内管
１内へセラミツクスパイプ３を嵌入する方法で
は、セラミツクス３が第５図に示すように耐摩耗
性と耐スポール性が相反する特性を有し、これを
合せ持つ材質の開発には至つてない。例えば耐ス
ポール性の悪いセラミツクス３を用いると、第３
図に示すようにセラミツクス３がスポールにより
欠損して、その部分の内管１の損耗をはやめるこ
ととなる。 In addition, in the method of fitting the ceramic pipe 3 into the inner tube 1 in order to solve such problems, the ceramic 3 has contradictory characteristics of wear resistance and spall resistance, as shown in Fig. 5. , a material that has both of these properties has not yet been developed. For example, if Ceramics 3, which has poor spall resistance, is used,
As shown in the figure, the ceramic 3 is damaged by the spall, and wear and tear on the inner tube 1 in that part is stopped.
羽口の耐火性、耐摩耗性の向上を目的としてセ
ラミツクパイプを嵌入するとセラミツクのスポー
ル等による欠損が発生する。
If a ceramic pipe is inserted to improve the fire resistance and wear resistance of the tuyeres, damage will occur due to ceramic spalls, etc.
一方、耐スポール性を高めたセラミツクパイプ
は耐摩耗性が低く、耐摩耗性と耐スポール性の両
特性の優れた材質は未だ開発されていない。 On the other hand, ceramic pipes with improved spall resistance have low wear resistance, and a material that has both excellent wear and spall resistance properties has not yet been developed.
本発明の目的は、耐摩耗性と同時に、耐火性お
よび耐スポール性に優れた羽口の開発を行うこと
にある。 An object of the present invention is to develop a tuyere that has excellent fire resistance and spall resistance as well as wear resistance.
内管内側にセラミツクパイプを嵌入するのでは
なく、金属内管の内壁にZrO2とCrC等の金属酸化
物と金属炭化物を多層被覆することで、耐スポー
ル性に優れ、かつ耐火度、耐摩耗性を向上させる
ことが可能なことを発見した。
Rather than inserting a ceramic pipe inside the inner tube, the inner wall of the metal inner tube is coated with multiple layers of metal oxides and metal carbides such as ZrO 2 and CrC, which provides excellent spall resistance, fire resistance, and wear resistance. I discovered that it is possible to improve your sexuality.
第１図によつて説明すると、本発明は次の特徴
を有する内管を備えた製鋼用羽口である。 Explaining with reference to FIG. 1, the present invention is a steelmaking tuyere equipped with an inner pipe having the following characteristics.
(1) 羽口の内管１の内壁に耐摩耗性、耐火性およ
び耐溶着性の優れたZrO2またはその他の金属
酸化物の溶射被膜９を被覆し、
(2) その上にさらにCrCまたはその他の炭化物の
溶射被膜１０を被覆して構成し、超耐摩耗性表
面としておく。(1) The inner wall of the inner tube 1 of the tuyere is coated with a thermally sprayed coating 9 of ZrO 2 or other metal oxide, which has excellent wear resistance, fire resistance, and adhesion resistance; A thermally sprayed coating 10 of other carbides is applied to provide an ultra-wear resistant surface.
本発明は羽口寿命の決定因子がセラミツクパイ
プのスポール特性に大きく影響されることに鑑
み、セラミツクパイプを使用せず、金属内管の内
壁に金属酸化物（例えばZrO2）をコーテイング
して、耐摩耗性、耐溶着性を維持し、さらにその
上層に金属炭化物（CrCなど）被膜を被覆して超
耐摩耗性被膜を形成し、もつて羽口の耐用性を高
めたものである。
In view of the fact that the determining factor of the tuyere life is greatly influenced by the spall characteristics of the ceramic pipe, the present invention does not use a ceramic pipe, but coats the inner wall of the metal inner pipe with a metal oxide (for example, ZrO 2 ). It maintains abrasion resistance and welding resistance, and is coated with a metal carbide (CrC, etc.) coating on top to form a super wear-resistant coating, thereby increasing the durability of the tuyere.
第６図は種々のセラミツクス被膜の耐摩耗性を
示す。 FIG. 6 shows the wear resistance of various ceramic coatings.
酸化物被膜によつて耐摩耗性は金属と比べて著
しく上昇するが、炭化物被膜はさらに耐摩耗性を
向上させる。第７図は高温における種々の被膜の
上に溶鋼を滴下した時の溶着性を示す。耐溶着性
は、ステンレス、Crメツキ、酸化物被膜、炭化
物被膜の順に向上する。 Oxide coatings significantly increase wear resistance compared to metals, but carbide coatings further improve wear resistance. FIG. 7 shows the weldability when molten steel is dropped onto various coatings at high temperatures. Welding resistance improves in the order of stainless steel, Cr plating, oxide coating, and carbide coating.
第８図は実測および計算に基づく羽口部の温度
分布の概念図である。羽口の出口直近部で冷却剤
の分解が起こり、大きな吸熱反応が起こるため、
羽口内温度は出口直近で急激に低下する。 FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of the temperature distribution at the tuyere based on actual measurements and calculations. The decomposition of the coolant occurs immediately near the exit of the tuyere, causing a large endothermic reaction.
The temperature inside the tuyere drops rapidly near the exit.
このため羽口の出口直近部で、羽口温度は400
〜1500℃の範囲で大きく変化している。これから
通常のセラミツクパイプでは熱サイクルによるサ
ーマルクラツクが生じ易く、微細亀裂が除々に進
行することでスポール現象を呈することが推定さ
れる。 Therefore, the tuyere temperature is 400% near the tuyere exit.
It varies greatly in the range of ~1500℃. From this, it can be inferred that normal ceramic pipes are prone to thermal cracks due to thermal cycles, and that the spalling phenomenon occurs due to the gradual progress of microcracks.
以上から本発明者はセラミツクスパイプ自体の
耐スポール性に限界があると考え、内管として金
属管を使い、その内壁に耐摩耗性を著しく高める
ことのできるセラミツクス溶射を試みた。 Based on the above, the inventor of the present invention believed that there was a limit to the spall resistance of the ceramic pipe itself, and tried using a metal pipe as the inner pipe and spraying ceramics on the inner wall of the pipe, which can significantly improve the wear resistance.
第９図にこの構成を示す。内管の第１層には、
耐摩耗性の優れたZrO2のごとき酸化物被膜９を
溶射し、その外側に耐摩耗性および耐溶着性の特
に優れたCrCのごとき炭化物層１０を形成する。
これにより、溶鋼に接する羽口上端の内管は溶鋼
との耐溶着性に優れたCrCとなるため、溶損によ
る損耗は著しく低下する。また高温、酸化雰囲気
によりCrCの酸化反応が生じてもその下層のZrO2
層が十分な耐摩耗性を示すため、セラミツクパイ
プのごときスポールによるクラツク発生も生じな
い。 FIG. 9 shows this configuration. The first layer of the inner tube contains
An oxide coating 9 such as ZrO 2 having excellent wear resistance is thermally sprayed, and a carbide layer 10 such as CrC having particularly excellent wear resistance and welding resistance is formed on the outside thereof.
As a result, the inner tube at the upper end of the tuyere that comes into contact with molten steel is made of CrC, which has excellent adhesion resistance with molten steel, so wear due to melting loss is significantly reduced. Furthermore, even if oxidation reaction of CrC occurs due to high temperature and oxidizing atmosphere, the underlying ZrO 2
Since the layer exhibits sufficient wear resistance, cracks due to spalls, such as those found in ceramic pipes, do not occur.
第１０図に示す250t純酸素上底吹き転炉（Ｋ−
BOP）の羽口に本発明の実施例を用いた。
250t pure oxygen top-bottom blowing converter (K-
An example of the present invention was used in the tuyere of a BOP.
第１０図中の羽口１１ａ，１１ｂ，１１ｃに従
来のセラミツクパイプ（Ａ2O3、気孔率20％）
を挿入した羽口を装着し、羽口１１ｄ，１１ｅ，
１１ｆに下記仕様の本発明の酸化物被膜および炭
化物被膜を施した内管を装着した。 Conventional ceramic pipes (A 2 O 3 , porosity 20%) are used for the tuyeres 11a, 11b, and 11c in Fig. 10.
Attach the tuyeres into which the tuyeres 11d, 11e,
11f was equipped with an inner tube coated with an oxide film and a carbide film of the present invention having the following specifications.
内管パイプ：ステンレススチール
内管被膜：第１層ZrO2
第２層CrC
この転炉で次の条件で100ヒートの精錬を行つ
た。 Inner pipe: Stainless steel Inner pipe coating: 1st layer ZrO 2 2nd layer CrC Refining was performed in this converter for 100 heats under the following conditions.
平均生石灰粉底吹き量：
900kg／本、ヒート
平均出鋼温度：1648℃
平均吹止Ｃ：0.058％
平均吹錬時間：13.8分
100ヒート後の羽口の摩耗量を調べたところ、
羽口１１ａ，１１ｂ，１１ｃの平均摩耗速度と羽
口１１ｄ，１１ｅ，１１ｆのそれとの比は0.53と
なり、羽口寿命が約倍増することが判明した。 Average quicklime powder bottom blowing amount: 900kg/piece, heat Average tapping temperature: 1648℃ Average blowing end C: 0.058% Average blowing time: 13.8 minutes When the wear amount of the tuyere after 100 heats was investigated,
It was found that the ratio of the average wear rate of the tuyeres 11a, 11b, and 11c to that of the tuyeres 11d, 11e, and 11f was 0.53, and the life of the tuyeres was approximately doubled.
本発明の製鋼用羽口は耐摩耗性と耐スポール性
が共に優れているので、従来のセラミツクパイプ
を挿入した羽口に比し寿命が倍増した。
The steel-making tuyere of the present invention has excellent wear resistance and spall resistance, so its lifespan is doubled compared to a conventional tuyere in which a ceramic pipe is inserted.
第１図は本発明の実施例の断面斜視図、第２図
は通常の二重管式羽口の構造を示す断面斜視図、
第３図はその断面図、第４図は羽口損耗の形態を
示す説明図、第５図はセラミツクの特性を概念的
に説明するグラフ、第６図は各種被膜の耐摩耗性
を示すグラフ、第７図は各種被膜の溶鋼に対する
耐溶着性を示すグラフ、第８図は羽口温度分布
図、第９図は本発明の適用例の被膜の形態を示す
斜視図、第１０図は試験転炉の断面図である。
１……内管、２……外管、３……セラミツクパ
イプ、４……羽口の損耗部、５……酸素ガス等お
よび副原料、６……冷却剤、８……耐火物、９…
…酸化物被膜、１０……炭化物被膜、１１ａ，１
１ｂ，１１ｃ，１１ｄ，１１ｅ，１１ｆ……羽
口、１２……転炉、１３……溶鋼、１４……上吹
きランス。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the structure of a normal double-pipe tuyere,
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the form of tuyere wear, Figure 5 is a graph conceptually explaining the characteristics of ceramics, and Figure 6 is a graph showing the wear resistance of various coatings. , Fig. 7 is a graph showing the welding resistance of various coatings to molten steel, Fig. 8 is a tuyere temperature distribution diagram, Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the form of the coating in an application example of the present invention, and Fig. 10 is a test graph. It is a sectional view of a converter. 1... Inner pipe, 2... Outer pipe, 3... Ceramic pipe, 4... Worn part of tuyere, 5... Oxygen gas etc. and auxiliary raw materials, 6... Coolant, 8... Refractory, 9 …
...Oxide film, 10...Carbide film, 11a, 1
1b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f...tuyere, 12...converter, 13...molten steel, 14...top blowing lance.
Claims (1)
性に優れた金属酸化物被膜を被覆しその上に金属
炭化物被膜を被覆してなる耐熱性に優れた金属パ
イプを、羽口内管としたことを特徴とする耐用性
の優れた製鋼用羽口。1. A metal pipe with excellent heat resistance, whose inner wall surface is coated with a metal oxide film with excellent abrasion resistance and welding resistance against molten metal, and a metal carbide film on top of the metal carbide film, is used as the tuyere inner pipe. A tuyere for steelmaking with excellent durability.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31209687A JPH01156414A (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1987-12-11 | Steelmaking tuyere |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31209687A JPH01156414A (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1987-12-11 | Steelmaking tuyere |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01156414A JPH01156414A (en) | 1989-06-20 |
| JPH0588285B2 true JPH0588285B2 (en) | 1993-12-21 |
Family
ID=18025190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31209687A Granted JPH01156414A (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1987-12-11 | Steelmaking tuyere |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01156414A (en) |
-
1987
- 1987-12-11 JP JP31209687A patent/JPH01156414A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01156414A (en) | 1989-06-20 |
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