JPH06102899B2 - Concrete or mortar spraying method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for spraying concrete or mortar and an apparatus therefor, and in particular, for protection of a slope, a slope is formed on the slope, or the slope is made of concrete or mortar. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a concrete or mortar spraying method and apparatus for solidifying with water, forming a lining in a tunnel, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, a green vegetation base material has been sprayed on a slope in order to protect and beautify the slope. When spraying such a greening vegetation base material, it is possible to prevent runoff by spraying the greening vegetation base material within the method frame by forming a legal frame solidified with mortar or concrete on the slope beforehand. Can be fixed on. Conventionally, such a legal frame has been formed by a method of forming a mold frame of wood, providing a reinforcing bar or the like therein, and injecting mixed ready-mixed concrete, but the construction efficiency is low and the cost is high. There were some difficulties.

Therefore, a free frame construction method has been proposed in which a mortar spraying machine is used to spray mortar or concrete after arranging a form made of wire mesh, water resistant corrugated cardboard or plastic and constructing reinforcing bars and anchors. It has become widely used. In such a construction method, it is not necessary to form a troublesome wooden frame, and by spraying a concrete material or a mortar material from a mortar spraying machine through a hose into the mold, it is possible to easily and inexpensively form a robust method frame. it can.

Further, a method of strengthening and protecting the slope by hardening it with concrete or mortar has been widely used in the past. In such a case, concrete material or mortar material is sprayed on the slope. The method is adopted.

[0005]

By the way, when the slope is at a high position, the hose must be extended and sprayed from the mortar spraying machine. In such a case, the concrete material or the mortar material is used. In many cases, a sufficient discharge amount cannot be obtained and the construction efficiency is lowered. that is,
For example, as a mortar material sprayed with a mortar spraying machine, one batch of 40 kg of cement and 160 kg of sand plus 20 liters of water is used. However, since the cement component easily sticks to the hose, This is because the discharge pressure becomes insufficient when the hose is extended to. In such a case, a method in which another compressor is connected in the middle, which is called pump-up, may be adopted, but even then, sufficient efficiency may not be obtained.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete or mortar spraying method and an apparatus therefor capable of efficiently spraying a high place.

[0007]

The present invention comprises means for achieving the above-mentioned object as follows. That is, in the first invention, concrete material or mortar material having a low cement mixing ratio discharged from the mortar spraying machine is pressure-fed through a hose, and cement milk is added to the concrete material or mortar material in the latter stage of the pressure-feeding process. The feature is that spraying is performed after injection.

In the second aspect of the invention, sand and a small amount of cement are put into a mortar spraying machine, discharged after emptying, and this is pumped through a hose, and cement milk is injected in the latter stage of the pumping process. The feature is that it is sprayed after doing.

According to the third aspect of the invention, a tubular body is interleaved and connected to a portion of the hose which is connected to the discharge port of the mortar spraying machine and pumps the concrete material or the mortar material in front of the tip of the hose. The body is characterized by a hose connected to it for injecting cement milk.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the kneading is performed inside the cylindrical body which is connected to a portion in front of the tip of the hose connected to the discharge port of the mortar spraying machine of the third aspect. It is characterized in that a screw groove for use is formed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the tubular body is connected to the mortar spraying machine according to the third or fourth aspect of the invention so that the hose connected to the discharge port of the mortar spraying machine is connected to a portion in front of the tip of the hose. Is characterized in that, in addition to the hose for injecting cement milk, a hose for injecting water and a hose for injecting air are connected.

[0012]

In the first aspect of the present invention, by lowering the cement mixing ratio of the concrete material or mortar material to be pumped by the hose, the pumping resistance can be reduced and the discharge amount can be increased. It is designed to be supplemented by injecting cement milk in the latter stage.

In the second aspect of the present invention, sand and a small amount of cement are emptied by a hose to reduce the pressure-feeding resistance, and cement milk is injected in the latter stage of the pressure-feeding process. A large discharge amount can be obtained with a mixing ratio.

According to the third aspect of the invention, since cement milk is injected into the tubular body which is connected and connected to a portion in front of the tip portion of the hose, the concrete material with a small mixing ratio of cement is injected from the mortar spraying machine. Alternatively, the mortar material can be discharged. Thereby, the pumping resistance of the concrete material or the mortar material can be reduced, a sufficient discharge amount can be obtained, and the construction efficiency can be improved. In other words, in the mortar spraying machine, the mixing ratio of the cement with high resistance is made small, and the concrete material or mortar material with the large mixing ratio of sand with low resistance is put into the mortar spraying machine to secure a sufficient discharge amount. The amount is supplemented by injecting cement milk through the tubular body up to the spray nozzle.

In the fourth aspect of the present invention, the cement milk is sufficiently mixed with the concrete material or the mortar material discharged from the mortar spraying machine and in the process of being pumped by the screw groove for kneading formed in the cylindrical body. be able to.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the discharge amount of the concrete material or the mortar material can be adjusted by injecting air into the tubular body, and the strength of the concrete or mortar can be adjusted by injecting water. be able to.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall layout drawing showing a state in which a slope 3 is formed on a slope 2 at a high place by mortar spraying by the mortar spraying device 1 of the present invention, and a mortar spraying machine 4 arranged on the ground. The base of a hose 6 is connected to the discharge port 5 of the hose 6, while a spray nozzle 7 is attached to the tip of the hose 6, and a tubular body 8 is mounted at a position in front of the tip of the hose 6. A hose 10 for injecting cement milk from a piston type pump 9 arranged on the ground is connected to the cylindrical body 8. The cylindrical body 8 is placed on a stepped portion 11 formed in an intermediate portion of the slope 2, and a worker 12 supported by a lifeline is sprayed by a worker 12
Then, the lattice-shaped method frame 3 is formed by spraying a mortar material onto a pre-formed mold (not shown).

With such a structure, the mixing ratio of cement in the mortar material discharged from the mortar spraying machine 4 is lowered to increase the mixing ratio of sand, and the cement shortage is transferred to the tubular body 8. By filling by filling, by this, it is possible to secure a sufficient discharge amount of the mortar material even on the slope 2 at high places to improve the construction efficiency and to obtain a sufficient mortar strength. There is.

More specifically, the mortar spraying machine 4 is also called a mortar gun machine and can discharge and supply the kneaded concrete material or mortar material. In this embodiment, the stirring tank 13 is shown in the drawing. No, but 160 kg of sand is put into one half bag of cement (20 kg) per batch via a conveyer such as a conveyor, 4 liters of water is added to this, and the mixture is stirred and kneaded, and then compressed by the compressor 14. The air is used to discharge the mortar material (cement 1: sand 8) from the discharge port 5 at a discharge rate of about 0.08 m ³ / min. In addition, the discharge amount at a usual mixing ratio (cement 1: sand 4) is about 0.05 m ³ / min.

As the hose 6 connected to the discharge port 5 of the mortar spraying machine 4, a pressure resistant hose having an inner diameter of 1.7 inches is adopted, and it can be extended for a long time especially for the construction of slopes at high places, and its tip end portion can be extended. 10 to 20 m before the pipe joints 15 and 15 (see FIG. 2) are provided so that the tubular body 8 for injecting cement milk can be connected between the pipe joints 15 and 15 between them. . As a result, as described above, the cement mixing ratio of the mortar material until reaching the tubular body 8 is reduced to 1: 8 to reduce the resistance during pressure feeding, and a sufficient discharge amount even at high places. You can get it.

The above-mentioned tubular body 8 is integrally formed by casting or the like, and as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, is formed slightly thicker than the hose 6 and has a tapered front portion. Connection ports 16 and 16 in which screw grooves to be screwed into the pipe joint 15 of the hose 6 are engraved are formed in the front part and the rear part of the hose 6. A connection member 17 with a cock for connecting a hose 10 for injecting cement milk is screwed and fixed to a connection port 19 provided at an inclination angle of 30 degrees. A screw groove 18 is formed on the inner surface of the tubular body 8 so that the cement milk injected from the hose 10 via the connecting member 17 is sufficiently kneaded with the mortar material injected from the hose 6. There is. Incidentally, the tubular body 8 has a total length of 1100 mm and an outer diameter of about 300 mm. It should be noted that such a tubular body 8 can be easily formed of an aluminum alloy, a hard synthetic resin material, or the like. Although not shown, the tubular body 8 may have a split structure to facilitate the internal cleaning work. In this case, vertical cracks or two halves that are divided into front and rear may be integrated by a bolt or the like so as to be separable.

The hose 10 connected to the connecting member 17 of the tubular body 8 is connected to a piston type pump 9 (see FIG. 1) for supplying and discharging cement milk (cement 1: water 0.8),
With respect to the discharge amount of mortar material of 0.08 m ³ / min according to the above-mentioned mixing ratio (cement 1: sand 8), 13.2 l / min of cement milk is discharged from the piston type pump 9. A squeeze pump may be used instead of the piston pump 9.

The mortar spraying device 1 thus constructed
When the method frame 3 is formed on the slope 2 at a high place, the mold for forming the method frame 3 can be made much simpler than the conventional one. For example, in the past, although not shown, a plurality of rebars arranged in parallel in the direction of the legal frame are fixed to each other at approximately 30 cm intervals with a lashing wire rod called stirrup, and then sprayed with mortar. I was doing
In the case of the present apparatus 1, it is not necessary to perform the troublesome work of fastening the reinforcing bars by the stirrup, and the work of forming the legal frame becomes extremely easy.

As described above, by lowering the mixing ratio of the cement charged into the mortar spraying machine 4 (cement 1: sand 8), the pumping resistance to the hose 6 can be considerably reduced as compared with the conventional case. Yes, this allows
The discharge amount was increased to about 1.5 times (0.08 m ³ / min) of the conventional amount, and the cement shortage was added to the cylindrical body 8 connected to the intermediate part of the hose 6 which was slightly closer to the spray nozzle 7 and cement milk was added. This is because the injection efficiency is improved and the compressive strength of the mortar after the construction can be markedly improved as well as the construction efficiency is improved. More specifically, as a result of setting the water-cement ratio that does not generate a gap with the reinforcing bar while maintaining the ease of construction, a compression strength of 250 that far exceeds the inspection standard (180 kg / cm ² ).
It was possible to obtain Kg / cm ² . As a result, the fixing state between the reinforcing bars is markedly improved, and the method frame 3 having sufficient shear strength can be formed without using a stirrup. By the way, in the past, the maximum construction limit was about 60 m, but according to this device 1,
Construction up to about m has become possible.

Cement (23 kg) was added to sand (160 kg), and the mixture was put into the mortar spraying machine (4) and emptied, and then discharged and discharged (discharging amount 0.08 m ³ / min), through which the cylindrical body (8) was passed. It has been confirmed that by injecting 23.5 liters / minute of cement milk (cement 1: water 1), concrete and mortar construction at high places can be performed with high efficiency.

Regarding the mixing ratio of cement and sand,
It goes without saying that various ratios other than the above are applicable. By the way, by increasing the amount of cement, the amount of rebound can be reduced and the compressive strength and shear strength of concrete or mortar can be significantly improved.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show different embodiments of the mortar spraying device 1, in which, in addition to the hose 10 for injecting cement milk into the tubular body 8, the hose 21 for injecting air and the water. It is designed to be connected to a hose 22 for injecting, and is 120 degrees out of phase in the same direction as a connection port 19 for screwing and fixing a connection member 17 with a cock for connecting the hose 10. Connection angle 23
And the connection port 24 are provided at symmetrical positions, the connection member 25 with a cock for connecting the hose 21 to one connection port 23, and the connection member with a cock for connecting the hose 22 to the other connection port 24. 26 are fixed by screwing.

By adopting such a tubular body 8, when increasing the discharge amount of the mortar material, the connecting member 25 with a cock is used.
Open and inject air, or if you want to reduce the rebound and improve the strength of the mortar, you can open the connecting member 26 with a cock and inject water, and the operator can check the installation efficiency and mortar strength. It can be adjusted very easily.

Needless to say, each of the above embodiments can be applied not only to mortar but also to concrete spraying. In that case, jam may be mixed in the cement, sand, and water that are put into the mortar spraying machine 4.
Needless to say, the method and apparatus of each embodiment can be applied to the tunnel lining and the NATOM construction method in addition to the legal framework.

Further, by spraying a concrete material or mortar material over the slope at a high place by the spraying method and apparatus similar to those in the respective embodiments, the slope can be hardened and protected by concrete or mortar. Needless to say.

The spraying method / apparatus can also be applied to spraying of a low slope, which is not so high, for example, a slope height of about 30 m. In that case, more efficient spraying of concrete or mortar is possible. It goes without saying that it is possible to make attachments.

[0032]

As explained above, according to the concrete or mortar spraying method of the first invention, concrete milk or mortar material having a low cement mixing ratio is injected with cement milk in the latter stage of the pressure feeding process, or Since the mortar is sprayed, the resistance of the concrete material or mortar material during pumping is reduced to increase the discharge amount, and the injection of cement milk effectively compensates for the shortage of cement, and Also in this case, it is possible to highly efficiently perform concrete spraying or mortar spraying.

Further, according to the method of the second aspect of the present invention, even if sand and a small amount of cement are emptied by a mortar spraying machine, the cement milk is injected into the mortar spraying machine, and then spraying is performed. The same effect can be obtained. In this case, the injection amount of cement milk needs to be relatively large.

Further, according to the concrete or mortar spraying device of the third aspect of the invention, a hose connected to the discharge port of the mortar spraying machine for pumping the concrete material or mortar material is provided at a position before the tip of the hose. Since the hose for injecting cement milk was connected to the connected cylindrical body, the cement mixing ratio of the concrete material or mortar material discharged from the mortar spraying machine was lowered to reduce the resistance during pressure feeding, In addition, by injecting cement milk into the concrete material or mortar material before the spray nozzle to make up for the cement shortage, the concrete spraying or mortar spraying with high strength can be performed with high efficiency even in high places. You can do it.

Further, according to the concrete or mortar spraying apparatus of the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the screw for kneading is formed inside the cylindrical body, the concrete material or mortar discharged from the mortar spraying machine is sent under pressure. Since the cement milk can be sufficiently kneaded into the material, the quality and strength of concrete or mortar can be improved more stably.

According to the concrete or mortar spraying device of the fifth aspect of the invention, in addition to the hose for injecting cement milk, the hose for injecting water and the air for injecting into the cylindrical body. Since it is connected with a hose, the amount of injected air can be adjusted to adjust the discharge amount of concrete material or mortar material, that is, the construction efficiency, and the amount of water injected can be adjusted. , The strength of concrete or mortar can be adjusted.

The present invention is not limited to the examples of construction, and the present invention can be applied not only to forming a slope on a slope but also to lining a tunnel or Nattom method. It goes without saying that the method and device can be applied.

Needless to say, the concrete material or the mortar material can be sprayed more efficiently when spraying a relatively low slope.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall layout diagram at the time of construction showing an embodiment of a concrete or mortar spraying device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of the tubular body.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional front view of the tubular body.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view showing a state where cement milk is mixed with a mortar material in the tubular body.

FIG. 5 is a vertical plan view of a tubular body according to another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a transverse front view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Concrete or mortar spraying device, 4 ... Mortar spraying machine, 5 ... Discharge port, 6, 10, 21, 22 ... Hose,
7 ... Spray nozzle, 8 ... Cylindrical body, 18 ... Screw groove.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A concrete material or a mortar material having a low cement mixture ratio discharged from a mortar spraying machine is pressure-fed through a hose, and cement milk is injected into the concrete material or the mortar material after the pressure-feeding step. Concrete or mortar spraying method characterized by spraying. 2. A mortar spraying machine is charged with sand and a small amount of cement, emptied and discharged, and this is pressure-fed through a hose, and then cement milk is injected in the latter stage of the pressure-feeding process and then sprayed. Concrete or mortar spraying method characterized by carrying out. 3. A tubular body is interstitially connected to a portion of the hose which is connected to a discharge port of a mortar spraying machine and pumps concrete material or mortar material, in front of the tip portion, and the tubular body is connected to the tubular body. Concrete or mortar spraying device, characterized in that a hose for injecting cement milk is connected. 4. A screw groove for kneading is formed inside a cylindrical body which is connected between the discharge port of the mortar spraying machine and a front portion of the hose. The concrete or mortar spraying device according to claim 3, characterized in that 5. The cylindrical body interposingly connected to a portion of the hose connected to the discharge port of the mortar spraying machine before the tip of the hose, in addition to the hose for injecting cement milk, The concrete or mortar spraying device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a hose for injecting water and a hose for injecting air are connected to each other.