JPH06103178B2 - Theodolite with laser - Google Patents
Theodolite with laserInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06103178B2 JPH06103178B2 JP63107593A JP10759388A JPH06103178B2 JP H06103178 B2 JPH06103178 B2 JP H06103178B2 JP 63107593 A JP63107593 A JP 63107593A JP 10759388 A JP10759388 A JP 10759388A JP H06103178 B2 JPH06103178 B2 JP H06103178B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- beam splitter
- optical system
- laser
- component
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Telescopes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、レーザを備え、そのレーザ光で基準位置から
の所定方向を設定でき、特にトンネル内や暗渠内での暗
闇の中でレーザ光を照射し所定の方向を決定できるセオ
ドライトに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention is provided with a laser, and a predetermined direction from a reference position can be set by the laser light, and in particular, in the darkness in a tunnel or an underdrain It relates to a theodolite capable of irradiating a laser beam and determining a predetermined direction.
（従来の技術） 従来のレーザを備えるセオドライトは、第７図示のよう
に、接眼レンズa,焦点鏡ｂ、ダハプリズムｃ、合焦レン
ズｅ及び対物レンズｆから成る眼視光学系と、レーザ
ｇ、プリズムｈ、焦光レンズｍ、プリズムｉ、合焦レン
ズｊ、プリズムｋ、ｌ及び対物レンズｆから成るレーザ
光学系とで構成されており、眼視光学系によって目標物
を視準すると共にレーザ光学系によって目標物にレーザ
光を出射できるようになっている。(Prior Art) As shown in FIG. 7, a theodolite equipped with a conventional laser includes an ocular optical system including an eyepiece lens a, a focusing mirror b, a roof prism c, a focusing lens e and an objective lens f, a laser g, A laser optical system including a prism h, a focusing lens m, a prism i, a focusing lens j, prisms k and l, and an objective lens f. The system is capable of emitting laser light to a target.
このセオドライトによれば、例えば暗いトンネル内等に
おいて、レーザ光の照射方向に合わせて掘削作業を進め
るといった使い方ができる。According to this theodolite, for example, in a dark tunnel or the like, excavation work can be performed in accordance with the irradiation direction of laser light.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） しかし、上記した従来のセオドライトは、対物レンズを
両光学系で共用しているため次のような欠点がある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the above-described conventional theodolite has the following drawbacks because the objective lens is shared by both optical systems.
（課題を解決するための手段） 上記目的を達成するために、請求項１記載の発明は、接
眼レンズと、対物レンズと、前記接眼レンズと前記対物
レンズとの間に配置された第１ビームスプリッタとから
構成される眼視光学系を備え、前記眼視光学系の側方に
配置され、該眼視光学系の光軸に沿ってレーザ光を射出
するレーザを有するセオドライトにおいて、第２ビーム
スプリッタを前記眼視光学系の側方に配置し、前記レー
ザ光を前記第２ビームスプリッタと前記第１ビームスプ
リッタで反射させ、対物レンズから射出するように構成
したセオドライトであって、前記レーザ光がＰ成分とＳ
成分のいずれか一方から成る直線偏光レーザ光となるよ
うに前記レーザを配置し、前記第１ビームスプリッタと
前記第２ビームスプリッタとは、前記直線偏光レーザ光
の波長では、該直線偏光レーザ光の成分と同じ成分の光
を略100％反射させ、他方の成分の光を略100％透過させ
る偏光ビームスプリッタであることを特徴とし、 請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明であって、
前記眼視光学系上の、前記第１ビームスプリッタと前記
接眼レンズとの間に、ポロプリズムを介在させたことを
特徴とする。(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is the eyepiece lens, the objective lens, and the first beam arranged between the eyepiece lens and the objective lens. A second beam in a theodolite that includes a visual optical system including a splitter, is disposed laterally of the visual optical system, and has a laser that emits laser light along an optical axis of the visual optical system. A theodolite in which a splitter is arranged laterally of the visual optical system, the laser light is reflected by the second beam splitter and the first beam splitter, and is emitted from an objective lens. Is P component and S
The laser is arranged so as to be a linearly polarized laser beam composed of either one of the components, and the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter have a wavelength of the linearly polarized laser beam of the linearly polarized laser beam. The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, characterized in that the polarization beam splitter reflects approximately 100% of the light of the same component as the component and transmits approximately 100% of the light of the other component. hand,
A Porro prism is interposed between the first beam splitter and the eyepiece on the visual optical system.
（作用） 本発明は、接眼レンズと、対物レンズと、前記接眼レン
ズと前記対物レンズとの間に配置された第１ビームスプ
リッタとから構成される眼視光学系を備え、前記眼視光
学系の側方に配置され、該眼視光学系の光軸に沿ってレ
ーザ光を射出するレーザを有しているので、前記眼視光
学系の側方に配置された第２ビームスプリッタに前記レ
ーザ光を反射させ、次いで前記第１ビームスプリッタで
反射させるようにすれば、該レーザ光は対物レンズから
射出されて、目標物に照射される。(Operation) The present invention includes an eyepiece optical system including an eyepiece lens, an objective lens, and a first beam splitter arranged between the eyepiece lens and the objective lens. Since it has a laser which is disposed laterally of the laser beam and which emits a laser beam along the optical axis of the visual optical system, the laser is provided to the second beam splitter disposed laterally of the visual optical system. If the light is reflected and then reflected by the first beam splitter, the laser light is emitted from the objective lens and irradiated on the target object.
前記レーザ光がＰ成分とＳ成分のいずれか一方から成る
直線偏光レーザ光となるように前記レーザが配置され、
前記第１ビームスプリッタと前記第２ビームスプリッタ
には、前記直線偏光レーザ光の波長では、該直線偏光レ
ーザ光の成分と同じ成分の光を略100％反射させ、他方
を略100％透過させる偏光ビームスプリッタが用いられ
ている。一方、前記第１ビームスプリッタで反射され、
前記対物レンズから射出された直線偏光レーザ光が、目
標物に当たって散乱されると、偏光光ではなくなりＰ成
分とＳ成分の両方の成分の光を含むので、前記直線偏光
レーザ光の成分と異なる成分の光は前記第１偏光ビーム
スプリッタを透過できる。従って、レーザ光が目標物に
当たっていることを眼視光学系で確認でき、目標物に当
たるスポット光が見えなくなることはない。The laser is arranged such that the laser light is a linearly polarized laser light composed of either P component or S component,
At the wavelength of the linearly polarized laser light, the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter reflect approximately 100% of light having the same component as that of the linearly polarized laser light and transmit approximately 100% of the other light. A beam splitter is used. On the other hand, reflected by the first beam splitter,
When the linearly polarized laser light emitted from the objective lens hits the target and is scattered, it is not polarized light and contains both P component and S component light. Therefore, a component different from the linearly polarized laser light component is included. Light can pass through the first polarization beam splitter. Therefore, it is possible to confirm that the laser light hits the target object with the visual optical system, and the spot light that hits the target object does not disappear.
なお、前記第１ビームスプリッタは眼視光学系の光のう
ちＰ成分とＳ成分の何れか一方を透過するので、レーザ
光を高倍率にしても眼視光学系の視準機能が妨げられな
く、また、前記第１偏光ビームスプリッタは接眼レンズ
と対物レンズとの間に配置されているので、眼視光学系
の長さが大きくなることはない。Since the first beam splitter transmits either the P component or the S component of the light of the visual optical system, the collimating function of the visual optical system is not hindered even if the laser light has a high magnification. Further, since the first polarization beam splitter is arranged between the eyepiece lens and the objective lens, the length of the visual optical system does not increase.
（実施例） 以下本発明の実施例を図面につき説明する。(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図において、１は直線偏光レーザで、該レーザ１
は、これから出射した例えば632.8nmの波長を有するＳ
成分の直線偏光レーザ光がレーザ光学系の偏光ビームス
プリッタである第２ビームスプリッタ２で反射され、焦
光レンズ３を経て偏光ビームスプリッタである第１ビー
ムスプリッタ４に入射するように支持されている。該第
２ビームスプリッタ２と前記第１ビームスプリッタ４と
は、第２図示のように、Ｓ成分の直線偏光レーザ光を反
射し、同波長のＰ成分の直線偏光レーザ光を透過し、63
2.8nmより短波長の可視光線をＰ、Ｓ両成分とも透過す
るものである。前記第１ビームスプリッタ４に入射した
Ｓ成分の直線偏光レーザ光は該スプリッタ４で反射さ
れ、合焦レンズ５を経て対物レンズ６から眼視光学系の
光軸に沿って出射され、目標物に合焦されるようになっ
ている。In FIG. 1, 1 is a linearly polarized laser, and the laser 1
Is the S emitted from this, for example, having a wavelength of 632.8 nm.
The linearly polarized laser light of the component is supported by the second beam splitter 2 which is a polarization beam splitter of the laser optical system, is reflected by the second beam splitter 2, passes through the focusing lens 3 and is incident on the first beam splitter 4 which is a polarization beam splitter. . The second beam splitter 2 and the first beam splitter 4 reflect the linearly polarized laser light of the S component and transmit the linearly polarized laser light of the P component of the same wavelength, as shown in the second drawing.
Both P and S components transmit visible light having a wavelength shorter than 2.8 nm. The linearly polarized laser light of S component incident on the first beam splitter 4 is reflected by the splitter 4, passes through the focusing lens 5, and is emitted from the objective lens 6 along the optical axis of the visual optical system to be a target object. It is supposed to be in focus.
該第１ビームスプリッタ４は、第３図に分解して明示し
たように、互に接着された直角三角柱形状の２つのプリ
ズム7a、7bから成るポロプリズム７と偏光ビームスプリ
ッタ８と共にプリズム群を構成し、該プリズム群は焦点
鏡９とともに対物レンズ６と眼視レンズ10との間に配置
され、眼視光学系の一部となしている。As shown in the exploded view in FIG. 3, the first beam splitter 4 constitutes a prism group together with a Porro prism 7 composed of two prisms 7a and 7b in the shape of right-angled triangular prisms bonded to each other and a polarizing beam splitter 8. The prism group, together with the focusing mirror 9, is arranged between the objective lens 6 and the visual lens 10 and constitutes a part of the visual optical system.
該プリズム群の第１ビームスプリッタ４と偏光ビームス
プリッタ８とポロプリズム７との接合関係は、第４図
（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）の正面図及び平面図に示すように、対
物レンズ６から出射されて目標点でスポット光として光
った光が再び対物レンズ６を通って戻ってきて、矢印の
ように、第１ビームスプリッタ４に入射し、点線で示す
ように該第１ビームスプリッタ４、ポロプリズム７の２
つのプリズム7b,7a及び偏光ビームスプリッタ８を透過
して接眼レンズ10へ向うように接合面111,112で互に接
着されて一体化されている。The first beam splitter 4, the polarization beam splitter 8 and the Porro prism 7 of the prism group are joined together by the light emitted from the objective lens 6 as shown in the front view and the plan view of FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B). The light emitted as the spot light at the target point returns again through the objective lens 6 and enters the first beam splitter 4 as indicated by the arrow, and the first beam splitter 4, polar 2 of prism 7
The two prisms 7b and 7a and the polarization beam splitter 8 are transmitted through the prisms 7b and 7a and the polarization beam splitter 8 and are bonded to each other at the cemented surfaces 11 1 and 11 2 to be integrated with each other.
このプリズム群の構成によれば、第１ビームスプリッタ
４と偏光ビームスプリッタ８は、目標点で反射して戻っ
てきた直線偏光レーザ光のＳ成分をカットし、ポロプリ
ズム７は像を正立化する。According to the configuration of this prism group, the first beam splitter 4 and the polarization beam splitter 8 cut the S component of the linearly polarized laser light reflected and returned at the target point, and the Porro prism 7 erects the image. To do.
第５図及び第６図は、第３図及び第４図に示すプリズム
群のうち、ポロプリズム７を45゜回転し、２つの第１ビ
ームスプリッタ４と偏光ビームスプリッタ８は回転しな
いで、互に接着した他のプリズム群を示す。第３図及び
第４図に示すプリズム群は、対物レンズ６側から見た
時、第４図（Ｃ）に示すように入射光軸l1と出射光軸l2
とが左右及び上下にそれぞれｘ及びｙだけずれ、焦点鏡
９は斜め下にずれるが、第５図のプリズム群は、対物レ
ンズ６側から見た時、第６図に示すように、入射光軸l1
と出射光軸l2が左右にずれ、焦点鏡９は横方向にずれる
だけである。したがってこのプリズム群の配置によれば
望遠鏡の反対観測時に目線の移動が横方向だけですむ。FIGS. 5 and 6 show that among the prism groups shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the Porro prism 7 is rotated by 45 ° and the two first beam splitters 4 and the polarization beam splitter 8 are not rotated. Another prism group adhered to is shown. When viewed from the objective lens 6 side, the prism group shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has an incident optical axis l 1 and an outgoing optical axis l 2 as shown in FIG. 4 (C).
Are shifted left and right and up and down by x and y, respectively, and the focusing mirror 9 is slanted downward. However, when viewed from the objective lens 6 side, the prism group in FIG. Axis l 1
The output optical axis l 2 shifts to the left and right, and the focusing mirror 9 only shifts laterally. Therefore, according to the arrangement of this prism group, the line of sight can be moved only in the lateral direction during the opposite observation of the telescope.
（発明の効果） 本発明は、上述のように構成されているので、遠方にま
ででレーザ光のスポットが小さく形成されるように使用
しても視野が暗くなることがなく、また通常の測量用望
遠鏡と同様の分解能が得られると共に眼視光学系の長さ
が大きくなることがない。更に、レーザ光の眼視光学系
への迷光がなく、トンネル等の暗視野での使用が可能で
ある等の効果がある。(Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is configured as described above, the field of view does not become dark even when used so that the spot of the laser light is formed to be small at a distance, and a normal survey The same resolution as that of the telescope for use can be obtained, and the length of the visual optical system does not increase. Further, there is an effect that there is no stray light of the laser light on the visual optical system, and it can be used in a dark field such as a tunnel.
第１図は、本発明の一実施例の線図、第２図はその偏光
ビームスプリッタ特性図、第３図はそのプリズム群の分
解斜視図、第４図（Ａ）、（Ｂ）及び（Ｃ）はそのプリ
ズム群の正面図、平面図及び対物レンズから見た側面
図、第５図はプリズム群の他の例の分解斜視図、第６図
はその対物レンズ側から見た側面図、第７図は従来例の
線図、第８図はその作動説明図である。 １……直線偏光レーザ ２……第２ビームスプリッタ ６……対物レンズ ７……ポロプリズム ４……第１ビームスプリッタ 10……接眼レンズFIG. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a polarization beam splitter characteristic diagram thereof, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of its prism group, and FIGS. 4 (A), (B) and ( C) is a front view of the prism group, a plan view and a side view seen from the objective lens, FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of another example of the prism group, FIG. 6 is a side view seen from the objective lens side, FIG. 7 is a diagram of a conventional example, and FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram thereof. 1 ... Linearly polarized laser 2 ... 2nd beam splitter 6 ... Objective lens 7 ... Porro prism 4 ... 1st beam splitter 10 ... Eyepiece lens
Claims (2)
ンズと前記対物レンズとの間に配置された第１ビームス
プリッタとから構成される眼視光学系を備え、 前記眼視光学系の側方に配置され、該眼視光学系の光軸
に沿ってレーザ光を射出するレーザを有するセオドライ
トにおいて、 第２ビームスプリッタを前記眼視光学系の側方に配置
し、前記レーザ光を前記第２ビームスプリッタと前記第
１ビームスプリッタで反射させ、対物レンズから射出す
るように構成したセオドライトであって、 前記レーザ光がＰ成分とＳ成分のいずれか一方から成る
直線偏光レーザ光となるように前記レーザを配置し、 前記第１ビームスプリッタと前記第２ビームスプリッタ
とは、前記直線偏光レーザ光の波長では、該直線偏光レ
ーザ光の成分と同じ成分の光を略100％反射させ、他方
の成分の光を略100％透過させる偏光ビームスプリッタ
であることを特徴とするセオドライト。1. An eyepiece optical system comprising: an eyepiece lens, an objective lens, and a first beam splitter arranged between the eyepiece lens and the objective lens, the side of the eyepiece optical system. In a theodolite having a laser which is disposed on one side and emits a laser beam along the optical axis of the visual optical system, a second beam splitter is disposed on the side of the visual optical system, and the laser beam is emitted from the first optical system. A theodolite configured to be emitted from an objective lens after being reflected by a two-beam splitter and the first beam splitter, wherein the laser light is a linearly polarized laser light including one of a P component and an S component. The laser is arranged, and the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter have the same component as the component of the linearly polarized laser light at the wavelength of the linearly polarized laser light. Is a polarizing beam splitter that reflects approximately 100% of light and transmits approximately 100% of the light of the other component.
リッタと前記接眼レンズとの間に、ポロプリズムを介在
させたことを特徴とする請求項１記載のセオドライト。2. A theodolite according to claim 1, wherein a Porro prism is interposed between the first beam splitter and the eyepiece on the visual optical system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63107593A JPH06103178B2 (en) | 1988-05-02 | 1988-05-02 | Theodolite with laser |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63107593A JPH06103178B2 (en) | 1988-05-02 | 1988-05-02 | Theodolite with laser |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01280212A JPH01280212A (en) | 1989-11-10 |
| JPH06103178B2 true JPH06103178B2 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
Family
ID=14463090
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63107593A Expired - Lifetime JPH06103178B2 (en) | 1988-05-02 | 1988-05-02 | Theodolite with laser |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06103178B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7571139B1 (en) | 1999-02-19 | 2009-08-04 | Giordano Joseph A | System and method for processing financial transactions |
| WO2017075726A1 (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-11 | Giglio Inostroza Giovanny | Topographical instrument called a didactic theodolite for measuring angles and calculating distances by means of a method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58152207A (en) * | 1982-03-05 | 1983-09-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Polarizing beam splitter |
| JPS6031614U (en) * | 1983-08-09 | 1985-03-04 | 株式会社 測機舎 | laser theodolite |
| JPS60203807A (en) * | 1984-03-29 | 1985-10-15 | Tokyo Optical Co Ltd | Laser measuring machine |
-
1988
- 1988-05-02 JP JP63107593A patent/JPH06103178B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7571139B1 (en) | 1999-02-19 | 2009-08-04 | Giordano Joseph A | System and method for processing financial transactions |
| WO2017075726A1 (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-05-11 | Giglio Inostroza Giovanny | Topographical instrument called a didactic theodolite for measuring angles and calculating distances by means of a method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01280212A (en) | 1989-11-10 |
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