JPH0610454B2 - piston ring - Google Patents
piston ringInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0610454B2 JPH0610454B2 JP59207986A JP20798684A JPH0610454B2 JP H0610454 B2 JPH0610454 B2 JP H0610454B2 JP 59207986 A JP59207986 A JP 59207986A JP 20798684 A JP20798684 A JP 20798684A JP H0610454 B2 JPH0610454 B2 JP H0610454B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- piston ring
- coating layer
- test
- nitride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002345 surface coating layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の属する技術分野〕 この発明は、ピストンリングに関し、更に詳しくは耐焼
き付き特性と耐摩耗特性とが改善された内燃機関用ピス
トンリングに関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a piston ring, and more particularly to a piston ring for an internal combustion engine having improved seizure resistance and wear resistance.
往復動内燃機関に使用されるピストンリングには高度な
耐摩耗特性が要求させる。それ故、ピストンリングに耐
摩耗特性を付与することを目的として、摺動面に硬質ク
ロムめっき層を形成させたピストンリングが内燃機関用
ピストンリングとして従来から多用されている。Piston rings used in reciprocating internal combustion engines require high wear resistance. Therefore, for the purpose of imparting wear resistance to the piston ring, a piston ring having a hard chromium plating layer formed on the sliding surface has been widely used as a piston ring for an internal combustion engine.
ところで、近年、内燃機関がますます高速化、高出力化
する趨勢にあり、したがって、ピストンリングの使用条
件もますます過酷なものとなってきており、従来のクロ
ムめっき層を有するピストンリングでは耐摩耗特性が充
分ではない場合があり、更に優れた耐摩耗耐焼き付き特
性を有するピストンリングが望まれている。By the way, in recent years, internal combustion engines are becoming faster and higher in output, and therefore the usage conditions of piston rings are becoming more and more severe. In some cases, the wear characteristics are not sufficient, and a piston ring having excellent wear resistance and seizure resistance is desired.
それ故、ピストンリングの耐摩耗焼き付き特性を更に改
善するための努力が払われており、摺動面にイオンプレ
ーティング法により金属の窒化物あるいは炭化物の皮膜
を形成させたピストンリングも提案されている（特開昭
５７−５７８６８号及び特開昭５７−６５８３７号）。Therefore, efforts have been made to further improve the wear and seizure resistance of the piston ring, and a piston ring having a metal nitride or carbide film formed on the sliding surface by the ion plating method has also been proposed. (JP-A-57-57868 and JP-A-57-65837).
しかしながら、金属の窒化物や炭化物の皮膜は硬質クロ
ムめっき層に比べて優れた耐摩耗耐焼き付き特性を示す
ものではあるが、窒化物や炭化物は硬度が高く柔軟性に
欠け、また、熱膨脹係数が金属のそれに比べて著しく小
さいために、金属母材との密着性が悪く、特に応力の作
用状態の下で使用されるピストンリングの摺動面層とし
てこれらの窒化物や炭化物層を形成する場合には機関の
運転中にリング母材から剥離を生じ易いという問題があ
り、実用に供されるには到っていない。However, although a metal nitride or carbide coating has excellent wear resistance and seizure resistance compared to a hard chromium plating layer, nitride or carbide has high hardness and lacks flexibility, and has a thermal expansion coefficient of Adhesion to the metal base material is poor because it is much smaller than that of metal, especially when these nitride or carbide layers are formed as the sliding surface layer of the piston ring used under the action of stress. Has a problem that peeling easily occurs from the ring base material during operation of the engine, and has not been put to practical use.
また、イオンプレーティング法による上記被膜の形成は
被膜の生成速度が遅く、充分な厚さの被覆膜を形成する
には長時間を要するので生産上難があり実用に供し得る
ものではない。Further, the formation of the above-mentioned coating by the ion plating method is slow in the production rate of the coating, and it takes a long time to form a coating having a sufficient thickness, which is difficult to produce and cannot be put to practical use.
この発明は、上記に鑑み、従来の問題点を解消し、過酷
な使用条件下においても充分な耐摩耗耐焼き付き特性を
示すピストンリングを提供することを目的としてなされ
たものである。In view of the above, the present invention has been made with the object of solving the problems of the prior art and providing a piston ring exhibiting sufficient wear and seizure resistance even under severe operating conditions.
この発明は、ピストンリングの摺動面に、金属クロムと
窒化クロムとが超微細に混合してなる被覆層を形成させ
ることにより、前記の目的を達成する。The present invention achieves the above-mentioned object by forming a coating layer on the sliding surface of the piston ring, in which metallic chromium and chromium nitride are finely mixed.
ここで、前記被覆層において、金属クロム相と窒化クロ
ム相との混合相の微細化の程度は、光学顕微鏡による観
察では識別が困難であり、Ｘ線解析によりクロム相と窒
化クロム相との共存が確認可能な程度に微細化されてい
るもので、該混合相の大きさは概ね１０００Å以下であ
る。Here, in the coating layer, the degree of refinement of the mixed phase of the metallic chromium phase and the chromium nitride phase is difficult to identify by observation with an optical microscope, and coexistence of the chromium phase and the chromium nitride phase by X-ray analysis. The size of the mixed phase is approximately 1000 Å or less.
なお、本発明のピストンリングの被覆層は、PVD法、好
ましくは減圧された窒素ガス雰囲気中で金属クロムを蒸
着させる反応性イオンプレーティング法を利用し、金属
クロムの蒸着過程で該金属クロムの一部を窒化クロムに
転換させせることにより金属クロム相と窒化クロム相と
の超微細な混合相とすることにより形成することができ
る。Incidentally, the coating layer of the piston ring of the present invention, PVD method, preferably utilizing the reactive ion plating method of depositing metal chromium in a reduced pressure nitrogen gas atmosphere, the metal chromium deposition process It can be formed by converting a part thereof to chromium nitride to form an ultrafine mixed phase of the metallic chromium phase and the chromium nitride phase.
本発明において、被覆層を構成する成分をクロムとその
窒化物とした理由は、反応性イオンプレーティング法に
より母材金属表面に形成されるクロム相が該母材金属と
の密着性が良好であり、また、その熱膨張係数が該母材
金属のそれに近く、したがって、ピストンリングの使用
中に被覆層が該金属母材から剥離することが防止できる
ためである。In the present invention, the reason why the components constituting the coating layer are chromium and its nitride are that the chromium phase formed on the surface of the base metal by the reactive ion plating method has good adhesion to the base metal. This is also because the coefficient of thermal expansion is close to that of the base metal, and thus it is possible to prevent the coating layer from peeling from the metal base during use of the piston ring.
また、本発明で被覆層構成成分として特にクロムを採用
する他の理由は、イオンプレーティング法による金属ク
ロムの蒸着速度が他の金属のそれよりも大であり、生産
性の観点からきわめて有効であるためである。Another reason for particularly using chromium as a coating layer constituent in the present invention is that the deposition rate of metallic chromium by the ion plating method is higher than that of other metals, and it is extremely effective from the viewpoint of productivity. Because there is.
例えば、１×１０-5torrの真空中でクロムまたはチタン
を蒸発材料としてこれに２KWの電子ビームを照射し、該
蒸発材料から２４０ｍｍ離れて位置する炭素鋼(Ｓ４５
Ｃ)板の表面にクロムまたはチタンを蒸着させたとこ
ろ、チタンの蒸着速度は０．３４μ／ｍｉｎであるのに
対してクロムのそれは４．０μ／ｍｉｎであり、クロム
の蒸着速度は極めて速いものである。For example, in a vacuum of 1 × 10 -5 torr, chromium or titanium is used as an evaporation material, and this is irradiated with an electron beam of 2 KW, and carbon steel (S45) located 240 mm away from the evaporation material is used.
C) When chromium or titanium is vapor-deposited on the surface of the plate, the vapor deposition rate of titanium is 0.34 μ / min, whereas that of chromium is 4.0 μ / min, and the vapor deposition rate of chromium is extremely high. Is.
本発明のピストンリングは、その摺動面に金属クロムと
窒化クロムとの超微細な混合組織でなる被覆層を形成さ
せたものである。したがって、該被覆層とリング母材と
の密着は良好であり且つその耐摩耗焼き付き特性は、硬
質クロムめっき層を有する従来のピストンリングに比べ
格段に優れたもとなる。The piston ring of the present invention is one in which a coating layer having an ultrafine mixed structure of metallic chromium and chromium nitride is formed on the sliding surface thereof. Therefore, the adhesion between the coating layer and the ring base material is good, and the abrasion and seizure resistance thereof is much superior to that of the conventional piston ring having the hard chromium plating layer.
１００×１００×１０ｍｍの鋳鉄製平板の片面をラッピ
ングして１μｍ以下の表面粗さに仕上げ、試料素材とし
た。これを反応性オンプレーティング装置の容器中にセ
ットし、該容器中を排気して５×１０-4torrの真空とし
て後、試料を過熱した。試料が所定温度に達してから容
器内にアルゴンガスを導入して１×１０-2torrとしボン
バードによる試料表面のクリーニングをおこない、次い
で容器内に窒素ガスを導入し所定の窒素ガス分圧にし、
金属クロムを蒸発材としてＨＣＤ型電子銃により蒸発さ
せ蒸着処理をおこなった。得られた試料表面被覆層につ
いて厚さおよび硬さを測定した。なお、被覆層の構成組
織はＸ線解析によっておこなった。操作条件および調査
結果を第１表および第５図に示す。One side of a 100 × 100 × 10 mm cast iron flat plate was lapped to a surface roughness of 1 μm or less to obtain a sample material. This was set in a container of a reactive on-plating apparatus, the inside of the container was evacuated to a vacuum of 5 × 10 −4 torr, and then the sample was heated. After the sample reaches a predetermined temperature, argon gas is introduced into the container to 1 × 10 -2 torr to clean the sample surface by bombardment, and then nitrogen gas is introduced into the container to a predetermined nitrogen gas partial pressure,
A vapor deposition process was performed by evaporating metallic chromium using an HCD type electron gun as an evaporating material. The thickness and hardness of the obtained sample surface coating layer were measured. The constituent structure of the coating layer was determined by X-ray analysis. The operating conditions and survey results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
第１表より次のことが理解できる。 The following can be understood from Table 1.
（１）窒素分圧が高くなると蒸着層中の窒化クロムが消
失し、金属クロムと窒化クロムとの混合組織が得られな
くなる。(1) When the nitrogen partial pressure becomes high, chromium nitride in the vapor deposition layer disappears, and it becomes impossible to obtain a mixed structure of metallic chromium and chromium nitride.
（２）蒸着層の形成速度は窒素分圧が高くなるにつれて
低下する傾向を示している。(2) The formation rate of the vapor deposition layer tends to decrease as the nitrogen partial pressure increases.
（３）蒸着層の硬度は、金属クロムと窒化クロムとが共
存する場合、ＨｍＶ １６５０と高く(試料No.2)、従来
の硬質クロムめっき層の硬度（ＨｍＶ １０００程度）
に比較して大幅に上昇されており、全体が窒化クロムで
ある硬度との差は比較的少ない。(3) The hardness of the vapor-deposited layer is as high as HmV 1650 when metallic chromium and chromium nitride coexist (Sample No. 2), and the hardness of the conventional hard chromium plating layer (HmV about 1000).
The hardness is significantly higher than that of, and the difference from the hardness which is entirely chromium nitride is relatively small.
（４）蒸着層の形成速度は数μｍ／ｍｉｎでありピスト
ンリングの表面処理として実用可能である。(4) The deposition rate of the vapor-deposited layer is several μm / min, which is practical for surface treatment of piston rings.
前記の試料ＮＯ．１〜２（本発明に係る表面被覆層を有
する試料）およびＮＯ．３〜４（窒化クロムの表面被覆
層を有する試料）から一方の正方形端部が被覆層となる
ように５×５×１０ｍｍの試験片を採取し、耐焼付試験
と耐摩耗試験をおこなった。また、比較のために従来の
硬質クロムめっきを施した試料(Ｃｒめっき)及びイオン
プレーティング法により窒化チタンの被覆層を形成させ
た試料(ＴｉＮ)についても同様な試験を実施した。The sample NO. 1 to 2 (sample having a surface coating layer according to the present invention) and NO. A test piece of 5 × 5 × 10 mm was sampled from 3 to 4 (sample having a surface coating layer of chromium nitride) so that one square end portion became a coating layer, and a seizure resistance test and an abrasion resistance test were performed. For comparison, a similar test was performed on a sample (Cr plating) which has been subjected to conventional hard chromium plating and a sample (TiN) which has a coating layer of titanium nitride formed by an ion plating method.
（耐焼き付き試験） 試験装置は第２図及び第３図にその概要を図解的に示す
ものであって、ステータ（４）に取外し可能に取り付け
られた直径８０ｍｍの円板（摺動相手材）（５）の中央
には裏側から注油孔（６）を通して潤滑油が注油され
る。また、ステータ（４）は図示省略した油圧装置によ
って右方に向けて所定圧力で押され押圧力Ｐが作用する
ようにしてある。円板（５）に相対向してロータ（７）
が配され、該ロータは図示省略した駆動装置によって所
定速度で回転する。(Seizure resistance test) The test apparatus is schematically shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and is a disk (sliding mating member) with a diameter of 80 mm detachably attached to the stator (4). Lubricating oil is injected into the center of (5) from the back side through the oil injection hole (6). Further, the stator (4) is pushed rightward by a predetermined pressure by a hydraulic device (not shown) so that the pushing force P acts. Rotor (7) facing the disk (5)
Are arranged, and the rotor is rotated at a predetermined speed by a drive device (not shown).
ロータ（７）の円板（５）に対向する端面には試料保持
具（７ａ）が設けられていて、該試料保持具（７ａ）に
は同心円上に等間隔をなして正方形の摺動面を有する４
個の試験片（８）が取り付けられ該摺動面が円板（５）
に対接摺動する。A sample holder (7a) is provided on the end surface of the rotor (7) facing the disc (5), and the sample holder (7a) has a square sliding surface on concentric circles at equal intervals. Having 4
A test piece (8) is attached and the sliding surface is a disc (5)
Sliding in contact with.
このような装置において、摺動面に所定給油速度で給油
しながらロータ（７）を回転させる。一定時間毎にステ
ータ（４）に作用する圧力を段階的に増加させ、円板
（５）と試料片との摺動により発生する摩擦力をトルク
Ｔとしてスピンドル（９）を介してロードセル（１０）
に作用させ、その変化を動歪計（１１）で読み、記録計
（１２）に記録させる。焼付き現象が発生するとトルク
Ｔが急激に上昇する。したがって、トルクＴが急激に上
昇するときに摺動接触面に作用している接触面圧を焼き
付き発生面圧とし、この焼き付き発生面圧の大小で耐焼
き付き特性の良否を判定する。In such a device, the rotor (7) is rotated while the sliding surface is being lubricated at a prescribed lubrication speed. The pressure acting on the stator (4) is increased stepwise at regular time intervals, and the frictional force generated by the sliding of the disk (5) and the sample piece is taken as the torque T, and the load cell (10) is passed through the spindle (9). )
The change is read by the dynamic strain gauge (11) and recorded by the recorder (12). When the seizure phenomenon occurs, the torque T rapidly increases. Therefore, the contact surface pressure acting on the sliding contact surface when the torque T rapidly rises is defined as the seizure-occurring surface pressure, and whether the seizure resistance is good or bad is determined based on the magnitude of the seizure-occurring surface pressure.
試験条件は次の通り。The test conditions are as follows.
摺動速度：８ｍ／秒 潤滑油 ：ＳＡＥ＃２０ モータオイル 潤滑油の供給条件：３００ｍｌ／分 油温９０℃ 接触圧力：２０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２から３分間経過毎に１０ｋ
ｇ／ｃｍ２づつ上昇させる。Sliding speed: 8 m / sec Lubricating oil: SAE # 20 Motor oil Lubricating oil supply conditions: 300 ml / min Oil temperature 90 ° C. Contact pressure: 20 kg / cm 2 10 k every 3 minutes
Increase in g / cm 2 increments.
摺動相手材〔円板(5)〕：鋳鉄材 ＦＣ３０試験結果を
第２表に示す。Sliding mating material [disc (5)]: cast iron material FC30 test results are shown in Table 2.
第２表より明らかな如く、本発明に係る表面被覆層（Ｎ
Ｏ．１，２）は窒化チタンの被覆層に匹敵する耐焼き付
き特性を示し、硬質クロムめっき材に比較して格段に優
れた耐焼き付き特性を示している。 As is clear from Table 2, the surface coating layer (N
O. Nos. 1 and 2 have seizure resistance characteristics comparable to those of the titanium nitride coating layer, and show significantly better seizure resistance characteristics than the hard chrome plated material.
（耐摩耗試験） 前記の耐焼き付き試験で用いた試験装置を使用し、接触
圧力を１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２とし、摩擦速度を３ｍ／ｍｉ
ｎ，５ｍ／ｍｉｎ，８ｍ／ｍｉｎとし、摩擦距離を４０
０ｋｍ、給油量を５００ｍｌ／ｍｉｎとして試験片と相
手円板とを摺動させた後、試験片および相手円板を試験
装置から取り外し、両者の摩耗量を測定した。なお、試
験片および相手円板の材料は前記の耐焼き付き試験に於
けると同一とした。(Abrasion resistance test) Using the test device used in the seizure resistance test, the contact pressure was 100 kg / cm 2 , and the friction speed was 3 m / mi.
n, 5m / min, 8m / min, friction distance 40
After sliding the test piece and the mating disk at 0 km at an oiling rate of 500 ml / min, the test piece and the mating disk were removed from the test apparatus, and the wear amount of both was measured. The materials of the test piece and the mating disc were the same as those used in the seizure resistance test.
試験片の摩耗量は試験片の摩耗高さで、また、相手円板
の摩耗量は摩耗によって生じた環状摩耗痕の半径方向断
面積で測定した。The wear amount of the test piece was measured by the wear height of the test piece, and the wear amount of the mating disk was measured by the radial cross-sectional area of the annular wear mark generated by the wear.
試験結果を第４図に示す。The test results are shown in FIG.
窒化クロムや窒化チタンでなる被膜層を有する試験片
（試料ＮＯ．３，５およびＴｉＮ）は、耐摩耗特性が優
れているとして従来実用に供されている硬質クロムめっ
きに較べ良好な耐摩耗特性を示しており、金属クロムと
窒化クロムとの超微細混合組織でなる被覆層を有する試
験片（試料ＮＯ．１，２，）は自身の摩耗量および相手
円板の摩耗量共に試料ＮＯ．３，５やＴｉＮよりも少な
く、一層優れた耐摩耗特性を示している。なお、試料Ｎ
Ｏ．４は前記耐焼き付き特性試験において満足な特性を
示さなかったので、本耐摩耗試験の対象から除いた。The test pieces having a coating layer made of chromium nitride or titanium nitride (Samples No. 3, 5 and TiN) have excellent wear resistance characteristics as compared with the hard chromium plating which has been conventionally put to practical use because of its excellent wear resistance characteristics. The test pieces (samples No. 1, 2, and 2) having a coating layer composed of an ultrafine mixed structure of metallic chromium and chromium nitride have both the amount of wear of themselves and the amount of wear of the mating discs. It has less wear resistance than 3, 5 and TiN, and shows more excellent wear resistance. Sample N
O. No. 4 did not show satisfactory characteristics in the seizure resistance test, and thus was excluded from the subject of the wear resistance test.
次に、第１図に示すように、ばね鋼（SUP-8）製ピスト
ンリング（２）を製作し、その外周摺動面に前記方法に
より金属クロムと窒化クロムとの超微細混合組織をなす
表面被覆層（３）を形成した。Next, as shown in FIG. 1, a spring steel (SUP-8) piston ring (2) is manufactured, and an ultrafine mixed structure of metallic chromium and chromium nitride is formed on the outer peripheral sliding surface by the above method. A surface coating layer (3) was formed.
被覆層（３）の形成条件およびその特性は次の通りであ
る。The conditions for forming the coating layer (3) and its characteristics are as follows.
形成条件:Arガス分圧...１×１０-3torr 窒化ガス分圧...０．３×１０-3torr 電子ビーム出力...２５Ｖ−３００Ａ 素材温度...４００℃ 処理時間...６０分 被覆層特性:被覆層厚さ...３０μｍ 硬 さ ...HmV １６００ 組 織 ...Ｘ線解析により金属クロムと
窒化クロムとの共存を確認した。Forming conditions: Ar gas partial pressure ... 1 × 10 -3 torr Nitrogen gas partial pressure ... 0.3 × 10 -3 torr Electron beam output ... 25V-300A Material temperature ... 400 ° C Processing time. ..60 minutes Coating layer characteristics: coating layer thickness ... 30 μm hardness ... HmV 1600 tissue ... Coexistence of metallic chromium and chromium nitride was confirmed by X-ray analysis.
上記のピストンリングを排気量１５００ＣＣ、水冷４気
筒の４サイクルガソリンエンジンの第１圧力リングに組
み込み、加鉛ガソリンを燃料として回転数５５００ｒｐ
ｍ、油温１１０℃、冷却水温度９０℃、全負荷の条件で
２００時間のベンチテストを行った後、ピストンリング
外周面の摩耗料を測定した。なお、比較のために外周面
に硬質クロムめっきを施したピストンリングを用いて同
様の試験を実施した。The piston ring described above was incorporated into the first pressure ring of a water-cooled 4-cylinder 4-cycle gasoline engine with a displacement of 1500 CC, and the rotational speed was 5500 rp using lead gasoline as fuel.
m, oil temperature 110 ° C., cooling water temperature 90 ° C., a bench test was carried out for 200 hours under the conditions of full load, and the wear material on the outer peripheral surface of the piston ring was measured. For comparison, the same test was carried out using a piston ring having an outer peripheral surface plated with hard chromium.
試験の結果、硬質クロムめっきを施した従来のピストン
リングの外周面の摩耗量は７９μｍであったのに対し、
本発明のピストンリングのそれは１１μｍであった。ま
た、本発明のピストンリングには被覆層の剥離等も発生
していなかった。As a result of the test, while the wear amount of the outer peripheral surface of the conventional piston ring plated with hard chromium was 79 μm,
That of the piston ring of the present invention was 11 μm. Further, the coating of the piston ring of the present invention did not peel off.
以上の通りで、本発明のピストンリングは、耐焼き付き
特性が良好で且つ耐摩耗特性に優れており、過酷な運転
条件下で使用される内燃機関に使用する場合に特にその
効果が顕著である。As described above, the piston ring of the present invention has good seizure resistance and excellent wear resistance, and its effect is particularly remarkable when used in an internal combustion engine used under severe operating conditions. .
第１図は本発明のピストンリングの一例を示す断面図、
第２〜３図は耐焼き付きおよび耐摩耗試験装置を示す一
部断面図および側面図、第４図は耐摩耗試験結果を示す
グラフ図。第５図は各試料についてのＸ線解析チャート
を示す図。 図中：１……ピストンリング母材 ２……ピストンリング ３……被覆層 ４……ステータ ５……円板（摺動相手材） ７……ロータ ８……試料FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a piston ring of the present invention,
2 to 3 are partial cross-sectional views and side views showing a seizure resistance and wear resistance test apparatus, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of the wear resistance test. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an X-ray analysis chart for each sample. In the figure: 1 ... piston ring base material 2 ... piston ring 3 ... coating layer 4 ... stator 5 ... disk (sliding mating material) 7 ... rotor 8 ... sample
Claims (1)
（Ｃｒ）と窒化クロム（Ｃｒ２Ｎ）との混合層の大きさ
が１０００Å以下の超微細な混合組織でなる被覆層を形
成させたことを特徴とするピストンリング。1. A coating layer having an ultrafine mixed structure in which the size of a mixed layer of metallic chromium (Cr) and chromium nitride (Cr 2 N) is 1000 Å or less is formed on at least one sliding surface. A piston ring characterized by that.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59207986A JPH0610454B2 (en) | 1984-10-05 | 1984-10-05 | piston ring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59207986A JPH0610454B2 (en) | 1984-10-05 | 1984-10-05 | piston ring |
Related Child Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP7010452A Division JP2692758B2 (en) | 1995-01-26 | 1995-01-26 | piston ring |
| JP7010308A Division JP2732518B2 (en) | 1995-01-26 | 1995-01-26 | Piston ring and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP7010393A Division JP2732519B2 (en) | 1995-01-26 | 1995-01-26 | Piston ring and method of manufacturing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6187950A JPS6187950A (en) | 1986-05-06 |
| JPH0610454B2 true JPH0610454B2 (en) | 1994-02-09 |
Family
ID=16548786
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59207986A Expired - Fee Related JPH0610454B2 (en) | 1984-10-05 | 1984-10-05 | piston ring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0610454B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015046437A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | 株式会社リケン | Piston ring |
| WO2015046427A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | 株式会社リケン | Piston ring |
| JPWO2013136510A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2015-08-03 | Ｔｐｒ株式会社 | High toughness coating and sliding member |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2633623B2 (en) * | 1988-05-16 | 1997-07-23 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Wear-resistant and highly lubricated composite members |
| JPH089964B2 (en) * | 1989-12-01 | 1996-01-31 | 株式会社リケン | Valve lifter for valve train of internal combustion engine |
| JP2739722B2 (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1998-04-15 | 株式会社リケン | piston ring |
| JP2681875B2 (en) * | 1994-07-20 | 1997-11-26 | 株式会社リケン | piston ring |
| JP2732519B2 (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1998-03-30 | 株式会社リケン | Piston ring and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP3408366B2 (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 2003-05-19 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | Sliding member for compressor |
| CN101680078B (en) | 2006-11-14 | 2012-05-30 | 株式会社理研 | Chromium nitride coating film by ion plating, process for producing the same, and piston ring for internal combustion engine |
| DE102007007961C5 (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2015-08-13 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | piston ring |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5757868A (en) * | 1980-09-19 | 1982-04-07 | Toyota Motor Corp | Piston ring |
| JPS5837168A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1983-03-04 | Riken Corp | Abrasion resistant metallic sliding member and its production |
| JPS59127858U (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-08-28 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | piston ring |
-
1984
- 1984-10-05 JP JP59207986A patent/JPH0610454B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2013136510A1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2015-08-03 | Ｔｐｒ株式会社 | High toughness coating and sliding member |
| US9416434B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2016-08-16 | Tpr Co., Ltd. | High-toughness coating film and sliding member |
| WO2015046437A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | 株式会社リケン | Piston ring |
| WO2015046427A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | 株式会社リケン | Piston ring |
| US10006546B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2018-06-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Riken | Piston ring |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6187950A (en) | 1986-05-06 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |