JPH0611176B2 - Brushed motor - Google Patents
Brushed motorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0611176B2 JPH0611176B2 JP6994284A JP6994284A JPH0611176B2 JP H0611176 B2 JPH0611176 B2 JP H0611176B2 JP 6994284 A JP6994284 A JP 6994284A JP 6994284 A JP6994284 A JP 6994284A JP H0611176 B2 JPH0611176 B2 JP H0611176B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- width
- brush
- commutator
- armature
- rotation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
- H02K13/10—Arrangements of brushes or commutators specially adapted for improving commutation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/26—Solid sliding contacts, e.g. carbon brush
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Dc Machiner (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （技術分野） 本発明は、ブラシ付モータに関し、詳言すれば円周上に
多数のセグメントを備えた整流子と該整流子のセグメン
トに対向して配設されるブラシとを有するブラシ付モー
タに関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a brush motor, and more specifically, a commutator provided with a large number of segments on the circumference and a commutator arranged to face the segments of the commutator. And a brushed motor having a brush.
（従来技術） 従来のブラシ付モータを第１図を参照して説明する。図
において、円板状の整流子１の円周上には多数のセグメ
ント（整流子片）２がその幅３を有してかつそれらの間
に溝幅４の間隔を置いて配置されている。この場合に整
流子１のセグメント２の数は、例えば２３個である。整
流子１の円周部にはこれと対向してブラシ５が配設さ
れ、このブラシの幅は符号６で示される。この構成にお
いてブラシ５の幅６はセグメント２の幅３より幾らか大
きくなつている。(Prior Art) A conventional brushed motor will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, a large number of segments (commutator pieces) 2 are arranged on the circumference of a disc-shaped commutator 1 having a width 3 thereof and a groove width 4 therebetween. . In this case, the number of the segments 2 of the commutator 1 is 23, for example. A brush 5 is disposed on the circumferential portion of the commutator 1 so as to face the commutator 1, and the width of the brush is indicated by reference numeral 6. In this configuration, the width 6 of the brush 5 is somewhat larger than the width 3 of the segment 2.
上述のごとき従来のブラシ付モータにおいては、ブラシ
幅およびブラシ取付け角度をモータのトルクリツプルを
考慮しないで適当に決定していたため、モータの回転中
の電機子の外周部に回転対称に捲回された多数のコイル
の中、駆動電流が実質的に流れないコイルの数が変動
し、従つて、ブラシ５間の抵抗の変化の幅および誘起電
圧の変化の幅も大きくなつて、回転中のトルクリツプル
が大きくかつ回転ムラが大きくなつてモータ特性を悪く
している。In the conventional brushed motor as described above, since the brush width and the brush mounting angle are appropriately determined without considering the torque ripple of the motor, they are wound symmetrically around the outer circumference of the armature during rotation of the motor. Among a large number of coils, the number of coils in which a drive current does not substantially flow fluctuates, and accordingly, the width of change in resistance between the brushes 5 and the width of change in induced voltage also become large, and torque ripple during rotation is increased. The motor characteristics are deteriorated due to the large size and uneven rotation.
（目的） 本発明の目的は、回転ムラ（トルクリツプル）が小さ
く、モータ回転中の電機子抵抗の変化、誘起電圧の変化
および有効導体数、すなわち電流の流れているコイルの
数の変化が少ないブラシ付モータを提供することにあ
る。(Purpose) An object of the present invention is to provide a brush having a small rotation unevenness (torque ripple) and a small change in armature resistance during motor rotation, a change in induced voltage, and the number of effective conductors, that is, the number of coils through which current flows. It is to provide an attached motor.
（構成） 以下、本発明を第３図に示す実施例について説明する。
図中、第１図と同一または相当部分には同一符号を付し
て示す。(Structure) The embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals.
円板状の整流子１の円周上には多数のセグメント２がそ
の幅３を有してかつそれらの間に溝幅４の間隔を置いて
配置されている。整流子１の円周部にはこれと対向して
ブラシ５が配設され、このブラシの幅は符号６で示され
る。ブラシの幅６は、図から明らかなごとく、セグメン
ト２の幅３と整流子の溝幅、すなわち隣接するセグメン
ト２間の間隔４の２つ分の幅となつている。一般的に
は、ブラシ５は整流子１の円周上にｎ倍のセグメント幅
＋（ｎ＋１）整流子の溝幅の円周長さに相当する円弧長
さとすることができる。ここでｎは通常１以上の整数、
例えばｎ＝１，２，３……で、好ましくは小さく選ばれ
る。なお、この実施例においてブラシ取付け角度は６０
゜に選ばれている。On the circumference of the disc-shaped commutator 1, a large number of segments 2 having their widths 3 are arranged with a groove width 4 therebetween. A brush 5 is disposed on the circumferential portion of the commutator 1 so as to face the commutator 1, and the width of the brush is indicated by reference numeral 6. As is apparent from the figure, the width 6 of the brush is the width 3 of the segment 2 and the groove width of the commutator, that is, the width 4 between the adjacent segments 2. Generally, the brush 5 can have an arc length corresponding to the circumferential length of the n-fold segment width + (n + 1) commutator groove width on the circumference of the commutator 1. Where n is usually an integer of 1 or more,
For example, n = 1, 2, 3, ... In this embodiment, the brush mounting angle is 60.
Selected as °.
第６図は本発明の他の実施例を示すものであるが、この
実施例ではブラシ取付け角度が１８０゜に選ばれている
以外は第３図に示した実施例と同一なので、それと同一
部分に同一符号を付して説明は省略する。FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, but this embodiment is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 except that the brush mounting angle is selected to be 180 °. Are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.
次に、本発明によるブラシ付モータの性能を検討するた
めに、モータが１セグメントだけ回転した場合の電機子
抵抗Ｒａの変化について第１図の従来例に対応する第２
図，第３図および第５図の本発明の実施例にそれぞれ対
応する第４図および第６図を参照して説明する。なお、
各図中、ｒ０は１コイルの抵抗値である。Next, in order to examine the performance of the brushed motor according to the present invention, the change in the armature resistance Ra when the motor rotates only one segment will be described with reference to FIG.
Description will be given with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6 corresponding to the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3, 3 and 5, respectively. In addition,
In each figure, r 0 is the resistance value of one coil.
各図とも電機子抵抗Ｒａを縦軸にかつモータの１セグメ
ントの回転角度を横軸に示す。ブラシ取付け角度６０
゜、ブラシ幅３．００mm、セグメント２の幅を２．２２
mm、溝幅４を０．５０mmとした第２図に示す従来例の実
効巻線コイル抵抗が４．３２０ｒ０（４．２３５ｒ０）
であるのに比して、ブラシ取付け角度６０゜、ブラシ幅
を３．２２mmとした本発明の実施例の場合を示す第４図
においては実効巻線コイル抵抗が４．２５３ｒ０（４．
１７６ｒ０）であり、さらに、ブラシ取付け角度を１８
０゜、ブラシ幅を３．２１７８（≒３．２２）mmとした
本発明の他の実施例の場合を示す第６図においては実効
巻線コイル抵抗が４．１１８ｒ０（４．１１８ｒ０）と
なつている。第２図，第４図および第６図の比較から明
らかなごとく、従来例を示す第２図に比して、本発明の
実施例を示す第４図および第６図においては電機子抵抗
Ｒａの変化が小さくなつていることが認められる。この
ことはモータが１セグメント（正確には、１セグメント
分＋１溝幅分）回転する（各図においてこの回転角度は
15.652゜）間に電流が流れているコイルの数の変化が少
なく、この結果誘起電圧の変化、発生トルクの変化およ
びトルクリツプル、すなわち回転ムラを小さくすること
がブラシの幅と整流子のセグメント幅に関係することを
意味し、さらに、第６図から明らかなように、ブラシの
取付け角度も上記性能に関係することが認められる。In each drawing, the armature resistance Ra is shown on the vertical axis, and the rotation angle of one segment of the motor is shown on the horizontal axis. Brush installation angle 60
°, brush width 3.00mm, segment 2 width 2.22
mm and the groove width 4 is 0.50 mm, the effective winding coil resistance of the conventional example shown in FIG. 2 is 4.320r 0 (4.235r 0 ).
In contrast, in FIG. 4 showing the case of the embodiment of the present invention in which the brush mounting angle is 60 ° and the brush width is 3.22 mm, the effective winding coil resistance is 4.253r 0 (4.
176r 0 ) and the brush attachment angle is 18
In FIG. 6 showing another embodiment of the present invention in which the brush width is 0 ° and the brush width is 3.2178 (≈3.22) mm, the effective winding coil resistance is 4.118r 0 (4.118r 0 ). It is said. As is clear from the comparison of FIGS. 2, 4, and 6, as compared with FIG. 2 showing the conventional example, the armature resistance Ra is shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 showing the embodiment of the present invention. It is recognized that the change in is becoming smaller. This means that the motor rotates one segment (more precisely, one segment + groove width) (in each figure, this rotation angle is
There is little change in the number of coils through which current flows between 15.652 °), and as a result, changes in induced voltage, changes in generated torque, and torque ripple, that is, uneven rotation can be reduced by the brush width and commutator segment width. It is recognized that the brush mounting angle is related to the above performance, as is clear from FIG.
つまり、第１図に示すブラシ５の幅がセグメント２の幅
３より若干大きな従来例においては、電機子が回転する
に連れて、ブラシ５は整流子１の１個のセグメント２と
接する場合と、２個のセグメント２と接する場合があ
り、もう一方のブラシも整流子１のセグメント２に対し
て、１個のみに接触する場合と２個に接触する場合があ
る。ブラシ５が２個のセグメント２と接する場合は、当
該２個のセグメント２間に接続されるコイルには電流が
流れないので、ブラシ５が１個のセグメント２のみに接
触する場合に較べて電機子抵抗Ｒａが低下する。このよ
うに、電機子の回転によつて、ブラシ５が整流子１のセ
グメント２に接触する個数が次々に変化し、それに連れ
て電機子抵抗Ｒａが変動するから、電機子のトルクも変
動する。特に、第１図に示す従来例のように、ブラシ５
の電機子の回転軸の回りの取付け角が６０度の場合は、
第２図に示すように、電機子抵抗Ｒａは４．９５ｒ０，
４．２３５ｒ０，３．８８２ｒ０というように、３通り
に変動する。That is, in the conventional example in which the width of the brush 5 shown in FIG. 1 is slightly larger than the width 3 of the segment 2, the brush 5 contacts one segment 2 of the commutator 1 as the armature rotates. In some cases, the brush may contact two segments 2, and the other brush may contact only one segment 2 or two segments 2 of the commutator 1. When the brush 5 is in contact with two segments 2, electric current does not flow in the coil connected between the two segments 2, so that the brush 5 is in contact with only one segment 2 as compared with the case where the brush 5 is in contact with the electric machine. The child resistance Ra decreases. As described above, as the armature rotates, the number of brushes 5 in contact with the segments 2 of the commutator 1 changes one after another, and the armature resistance Ra changes accordingly, so the torque of the armature also changes. . In particular, as in the conventional example shown in FIG.
If the installation angle around the rotation axis of the armature is 60 degrees,
As shown in FIG. 2, the armature resistance Ra is 4.95r 0 ,
There are three variations such as 4.235r 0 and 3.882r 0 .
それに対して、本実施例においては、ブラシ５は常に整
流子１の２個のセグメント２と接触するようになつてい
るので、電機子抵抗Ｒａの変動は非常に小さく、特に、
ブラシ５の電機子の回転軸の回りの取付け角が１８０度
の場合には、第６図に示すように全く変動がない。従つ
て、電機子の電流が流れるコイルの数は常に一定であ
り、発生トルクの変化が少なく、回転ムラを可及的に減
少させることができる。On the other hand, in this embodiment, the brush 5 is always in contact with the two segments 2 of the commutator 1, so that the fluctuation of the armature resistance Ra is very small, and in particular,
When the mounting angle of the brush 5 around the rotary shaft of the armature is 180 degrees, there is no change as shown in FIG. Therefore, the number of coils through which the current of the armature flows is always constant, the change in generated torque is small, and uneven rotation can be reduced as much as possible.
（効果） 以上述べたように本発明によれば、電機子の回転方向に
沿ったブラシの幅を電機子の回転方向に沿った整流子片
の幅と絶縁溝の幅の和の整数倍と、絶縁溝の幅の和に等
しくしたので、回転する電機子の巻線コイルの抵抗値変
動が少なく、発生トルクが一定で回転ムラが殆ど生じな
いようにすることができる。また、１対のブラシの電機
子の回転軸の回りの取付け角度を１８０度とすれば、電
機子の巻線コイルの抵抗値変動が殆ど生ぜず、発生トル
クを一層安定させることができる。(Effect) As described above, according to the present invention, the width of the brush along the rotation direction of the armature is an integral multiple of the width of the commutator piece along the rotation direction of the armature and the width of the insulating groove. Since it is made equal to the sum of the widths of the insulating grooves, it is possible to reduce fluctuations in the resistance value of the winding coil of the rotating armature, generate a constant torque, and prevent uneven rotation. Further, if the mounting angle of the pair of brushes around the rotary shaft of the armature is 180 degrees, the resistance value of the winding coil of the armature hardly changes, and the generated torque can be further stabilized.
第１図および第２図は従来例を示すもので、第１図はそ
の構成を部分的に示す平面、第２図は第１図の構成につ
いて１セグメントのモータの回転における電機子抵抗の
変化を示す説明図、第３図は本発明によるブラシ付モー
タの一実施例を示す部分平面図、第４図は第２図と同様
なモータの１セグメント回転における電機子抵抗の変化
を示す説明図、第５図は本発明の他の実施例を示す平面
図、第６図は第４図と同様なモータの１セグメント回転
における電機子抵抗の変化を示す説明図である。 １……整流子、２，２……セグメント、３……セグメン
ト幅、４……整流子の溝幅、５……ブラシ、６……ブラ
シ幅。FIGS. 1 and 2 show a conventional example, FIG. 1 is a plan view partially showing the configuration, and FIG. 2 is a change in armature resistance during rotation of a motor of one segment for the configuration of FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial plan view showing an embodiment of a brush motor according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a change in armature resistance during one segment rotation of the motor similar to FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a change in armature resistance during one segment rotation of the motor similar to FIG. 1 ... commutator, 2, 2 ... segment, 3 ... segment width, 4 ... commutator groove width, 5 ... brush, 6 ... brush width.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭58−182455（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭56−133279（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実開 昭56−22973（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 実公 昭32−1510（ＪＰ，Ｙ１) 新版「電気機器設計学」、第１版、オー ム社、昭和41年11月５日、Ｐ．133〜134 （電気機械の理論と実際第２巻）「直流 機械」、共立出版、昭和22年８月25日、 Ｐ．152〜153 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-58-182455 (JP, A) real-open Sho-56-133279 (JP, U) real-open Sho-56-22973 (JP, U) real public Sho-32- 1510 (JP, Y1) New edition “Electrical equipment design”, 1st edition, Ohmsha, November 5, 1966, P. 133-134 (Theory and Practice of Electric Machines Vol. 2) "DC Machines", Kyoritsu Shuppan, August 25, 1922, P. 152 ~ 153
Claims (2)
Ｎ−Ｓ極の間で回転軸の回りに回転可能に支持された電
機子と、該電機子の外周部に回転対称に捲回された多数
のコイルと、該コイルの一端がそれぞれ接続され、各々
の間に所定幅の絶縁溝を有して、前記回転軸の回りに回
転対称に配置された多数の整流子片から成る整流子と、
該整流子に摺接する１対のブラシから成るブラシ付モー
タにおいて、前記電機子の回転方向に沿った前記整流子
片の幅および前記絶縁溝の幅をそれぞれｗおよびｕとし
た時、前記電機子の回転方向に沿った前記ブラシの幅Ｗ
を、 Ｗ＝ｗ・ｎ＋ｕ・（ｎ＋１） （ｎは正の整数） としたことを特徴とするブラシ付モータ。1. A stator having an even number of N-S poles, an armature rotatably supported about the rotation axis between the N-S poles, and rotational symmetry around the outer periphery of the armature. A large number of coils wound around each other, and one end of each of the coils is connected to each other, and a plurality of commutator pieces arranged in rotational symmetry around the rotation axis, each having an insulating groove of a predetermined width. A commutator consisting of
In a brushed motor including a pair of brushes slidably contacting the commutator, when the width of the commutator piece and the width of the insulating groove along the rotation direction of the armature are w and u, respectively, the armature The width W of the brush along the direction of rotation of
Is W = w · n + u · (n + 1) (n is a positive integer).
付け角度を１８０度としたことを特徴とする特許請求の
範囲第１項記載のブラシ付モータ。2. The brushed motor according to claim 1, wherein the mounting angle of the pair of brush armatures around the rotary shaft is 180 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6994284A JPH0611176B2 (en) | 1984-04-10 | 1984-04-10 | Brushed motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6994284A JPH0611176B2 (en) | 1984-04-10 | 1984-04-10 | Brushed motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60216740A JPS60216740A (en) | 1985-10-30 |
| JPH0611176B2 true JPH0611176B2 (en) | 1994-02-09 |
Family
ID=13417215
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6994284A Expired - Lifetime JPH0611176B2 (en) | 1984-04-10 | 1984-04-10 | Brushed motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0611176B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63302745A (en) * | 1987-06-02 | 1988-12-09 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | Brush for vehicle ac generator |
| WO2001082453A2 (en) * | 2000-04-21 | 2001-11-01 | Chaz Haba | Electric motor assembly |
| JP2005168093A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-23 | Asmo Co Ltd | Motor |
| CN104682632A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-03 | 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 | Method, structure and device for improving contact reliability of electric brush and reverser of direct current speed measuring power generator |
| CN108696052A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-23 | 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 | Cooling fan module |
| KR102418545B1 (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-07-08 | 디와이오토 주식회사 | DC motor apparatus with reduced noise, vibration and harshness |
-
1984
- 1984-04-10 JP JP6994284A patent/JPH0611176B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| （電気機械の理論と実際第２巻）「直流機械」、共立出版、昭和２２年８月２５日、Ｐ．１５２〜１５３ |
| 新版「電気機器設計学」、第１版、オーム社、昭和４１年１１月５日、Ｐ．１３３〜１３４ |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60216740A (en) | 1985-10-30 |
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