JPH0612963B2 - Trimming machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a leveling machine, and more particularly, to a leveling machine for excavating mud soil and raising it to tap and harden the raised soil.
The present invention relates to an operation mechanism of a ridge striking plate that strikes heaped soil.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, paddy fields are used to make ridges, to store water by damming them, to serve as a boundary with other people's rice fields, or as a sidewalk for agricultural work. It is said that such ridges are good in that they do not leak water, that they do not collapse even when a person walks, and that their height and width do not change and are stable.

In order to make such ridges, conventionally, a kneaded soil was made on the edge of the ridge with a tiller, then the weathered soil and grass on the surface of the ridges so far were removed with a hoe, and the kneaded soil was added to the traces. There is also a method of putting and hitting with a hoe. This method is the best method because it solidifies when it dries because the kneaded material has an oriented structure, but if it is thick at one time, it will cause large cracks when it dries and cause water leakage, so only about 3 cm can be piled up, There was a problem in simplifying the agricultural work because it took time and labor such as making adjustments while proceeding with the work. Therefore, a leveling machine was developed by mechanizing the method of putting the above-mentioned kneaded soil with a hoe, but since this is for kneading soil and mud, it is used only when the rice field has a lot of water, and this time is for example There is a drawback that the usage period is limited because it is limited to the short period in early spring, and in order to improve this there was also developed one that replenishes water with a pump, but it takes labor and the operation of the machine is troublesome. It was a thing.

Next, a ridge trimming machine was proposed which can improve these drawbacks and can be used throughout spring and autumn. As described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 53-102411, this is to strike the soil raised in the old ridge with a soil scraper with a ridge striking plate by a crank mechanism provided on the machine frame. , The oscillating rod is rotatably connected to the tip of the connecting rod of the crank, the oscillating rod is supported by a cylindrical bearing, and the ridge striking plate is attached to the end of the oscillating rod. There are many mechanical connection parts such as connection with and connecting rod and vibrating rod, and the eccentric position of the crank determines the reciprocating stroke of the ridge striking plate, and its value is related to obtaining appropriate striking pressure.
Since it is necessary to make it 100 mm or more, it is difficult to fix the cylindrical bearing and guide the vibrating rod smoothly. That is, the higher the crank rotation speed, the more difficult it is to actually increase the rotation speed. In addition to being unable to do so, the striking pressure of the ridge must be large enough to withstand it even if a person gets on it, so a large impact is applied to the above-mentioned connecting part, the rotation shaft of the eccentric crank plate, etc. vibration,
It is noisy in practice because it is noisy and prone to failure.

As an improvement of this, a method of digging up the soil with a rotor and raising it, and hitting this raised soil with a strike plate has been put to practical use. The striking plate of this ridger is connected to a rod provided on the power take-off shaft of the tractor via a crank mechanism,
In addition, since it is rotatably connected to two parallel links that are rotatably connected to the machine frame, the forward / backward movement of the rod is constrained by the parallelogram deformation movement by the two links. So-called leverage that is operated according to the movement of
To some extent, the problems in the case of using the cylindrical bearing in the mechanism that uses the crank mechanism and converts the rotational motion of the crank into the reciprocating motion have been solved.

However, there are still many mechanical connecting parts such as a connecting part between a rod and a crankboard and a connecting part of two links that accompany rotation, and the crank and the ridge striking plate are directly connected by these mechanical connecting, Since the ridge striking plate with a large weight is used to increase the striking pressure, the impact on the ridge striking these joints and the rotating shaft of the crankboard is large, which causes vibration and noise, and also causes a failure. There is a problem that it is easy to get up, and there is a problem that the rotation speed of the crank can only be increased to about 150 rpm.

Further, the crank and the ridge striking plate are mechanically connected through a connecting member as in the ridge trimmer using the above cylindrical bearing, so the crank must be provided near the position where the ridge striking plate is provided. Not only that, there are restrictions on its design, and it is not easy to change the position of the ridge striking plate from the crank,
Therefore, it is not easy to adjust the position of the ridge striking plate with respect to the ridges, and moreover, the crank and the members connecting the ridge striking plate to the ridge must be exposed. There is also a problem that the operation is disturbed.

Further, since the ridge trimmer using the lever-crank mechanism performs a so-called "bow" motion, the slap pressure of the ridge striking plate is exerted only on the upper surface of the ridge, and this striking pressure is specific to the shape and height of the ridge. It is performed with a fixed size regardless of the hardness and softness of the soil and the content of water, and since the adjustment is not possible, there is a problem that the ridge will be buried in the paddy field when an abnormally large pressure is applied to the ridge. This is especially likely to occur because a large tapping pressure is applied to solidify the soil of the dry field into an oriented structure to form ridges.

Further, as a leveling machine, soil that can be plastically deformed when hitting heaped soil and has a small amount of water is good for eliminating workability and water leakage, but the period of optimal moisture state is extremely short. Therefore, from the side of designing the ridger, the soil that fills the ridge varies from the solid content close to rock to the mud-like liquid matter depending on the water content and the hardness of the paddy field. It is preferable that the pressure can be adjusted so that a tapping pressure according to the above can be obtained. However, the above-mentioned trimmer cannot satisfy this requirement.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application No. 58-146196 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-37907) includes a liquid pump and a fluid reciprocating vibrating tool of the same type as used in a chisel rocker. Shows a structure in which the latter is operated, and the ridge striking plate is operated by this latter.However, since this structure requires a switching valve accompanying the circulation of oil, dust and the like mixed with oil is required in this switching valve. It is easy to get clogged and cause malfunction or failure.

Also, since the frequency of fluid reciprocating vibrators such as those used in mining machines is significantly higher than that of rectifiers, it is necessary to increase the oil circulation speed and therefore connect the fluid pump and fluid reciprocating vibrators. Since the oil flow passage becomes narrow, the temperature rise due to its circulation is unavoidable and a cooling device is required. Also, the hydraulic pressure cannot be easily adjusted.

As described above, the above hydraulic device has a complicated structure, is expensive to manufacture, is not easily maintained, and has not been put into practical use.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, the mechanism for converting the rotational motion of the crank into the reciprocating motion through the cylindrical bearing has a mechanical unreasonable effect because the bearing cannot be used smoothly. It is not practical, and a ridge trimmer using a lever-crank mechanism that improves this is prone to rattling, noise, and failure of the operating mechanism.
There is a problem that the number of rotations can only rise to about 150 rpm, but because the pressure of the striking plate could not be adjusted, good ridge making could not be done depending on the soil condition of the rice field, while the rush rock machine The one using the reciprocating vibrating tool and the fluid pump, which are used, also has problems such as malfunction or failure, increased manufacturing cost, and not easy maintenance.

Means for Solving Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a soil raising means for excavating mud in a machine frame to raise it to an old ridge, and a ridge for tapping and hardening the mud raised by this earth raising means. In a ridge trimmer having a striking plate, a hydraulic pump consisting of a piston and a hydraulic cylinder that are operated by transmitting power is provided in the machine frame, and a piston device consisting of a piston and a cylinder for linearly reciprocating the ridge striking plate is provided. Provided on the outside of the machine frame is a flexible pipe for communicating the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic pump with the cylinder of the piston device to reciprocate the oil, and a hydraulic adjusting device for releasing an excessive hydraulic pressure is provided on the flexible pipe. A ridge trimmer provided in communication with a spring for accelerating the retreat of the ridge striking plate as the piston of the piston device retracts. Is.

Action The hydraulic pump and the piston device are connected by a flexible pipe, and an oil pressure adjusting device that releases excessive hydraulic pressure is provided, and the piston device operates the ridge striking plate, so the impact caused by the striking motion of the ridge striking plate does not occur. Since there are few mechanical connection parts that are absorbed by the hydraulic pressure adjusting device and the flexible pipe and receive the impact, rattling, noise, and failure can be reduced. Further, the striking pressure of the ridge striking plate can be easily adjusted.

Embodiment Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

In FIG. 1, T is a tractor and A is a trimming machine, and the trimming machine A is mounted with its machine frame 1 on a mounting frame a provided at an upper rear portion of the tractor T via links b and c. And is rotatably connected to rotatable links d and e provided on both sides of the lower rear portion of the tractor.
The front upper part of the tractor and the center of the rear upper part of the tractor are connected by an adjusting link f whose length can be freely adjusted, and the ridge adjuster A held at an angle determined by the adjusting link f is rotated by a hydraulic device (not shown). Can be rotated downward through the above-mentioned mounting frame a, and the mounting frame a by this hydraulic device can be rotated.
It is possible to return to the original position by the rotation above.

In the rectifier A, the power transmission shaft connected to the power take-off shaft g of the tractor T via a universal joint (not shown) is connected to the speed reducer 3 provided in the machine frame 1 shown in FIG. A transmission shaft 4 is connected to the speed reducer 3, and a rotor 5 is connected to the transmission shaft 4.
Is attached, and an earthing plate 5'is provided between the transmission shaft 4 and the rotor 5. Then, the rotational force of the power transmission shaft is decelerated and changed in direction by the speed reducer 3 on the transmission shaft 4, and the rotation direction thereof is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction corresponding to the traveling direction of the tractor. Thus, the rotor 5 has its axis oriented substantially perpendicular to the advancing direction of the tractor, and its rotation direction is opposite to the rotational direction with respect to the advancing direction of the tractor. The rotor 5 has rotating blades 5a, 5b, 5c,
.. are spirally spaced apart. The earth plate 5'is provided with a cover plate 5'a that covers the upper portion and both sides of the rotor.

Further, the rectifier A is connected to the speed reducer 3 via a crank 6 with a hydraulic pump 7 including a hydraulic cylinder 7a and a piston 7b, and a cross pipe 8 is connected to the hydraulic pump 7. 8. Hydraulic adjusting device 9 and air vent valve
Ten are provided. The hydraulic pressure adjusting device 9 includes a cylinder 9a, one end of which is connected to the pipe end of the cross pipe 8, and an adjusting rod 9b screwed into a screw hole provided at the center of the other closing plate of the cylinder. It consists of a slidable head 9b closely fitted to the cylinder 9a provided via a coil spring 9c between the tip of the adjusting rod and a spring 9c by advancing and retracting the adjusting rod 9b. Head
When 9d moves back and forth, the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pump 7 is adjusted, and when an excessive pressure is generated than this hydraulic pressure, the spring 9c
By that, the excess is absorbed and escaped.

The remaining tube of the cross tube 8 is a flexible tube 11 made of rubber or the like.
Is connected to the piston device 12. The piston device 12 is composed of a cylinder 12a and a piston 12b fixed to the machine frame 1 via a member whose vertical position is adjusted by an up-down adjusting device 16, and a piston rod 12c thereof has a core of a ridge, that is, an upper surface and a side surface of the ridge. The piston rod 12c is provided so as to face the direction of the intersection of the lines, and the ridge striking plate 13 having a substantially square V shape is provided on the piston rod 12c so that the upper surface and the side surface of the ridge can be simultaneously struck.
Is rotatably attached. Although not shown, this ridge striking plate 13 is provided with a declinable angle, and a biased force is applied to one side of the ridge striking plate because the amount of soil piled on the upper surface or side surface of the ridge differs depending on the state of the piled soil. Even in this case, this is alleviated so that no bending load is applied to the piston rod 12c, so that the friction between the piston head and the cylinder 12a does not become excessive.

In addition, a molding plate 14 having substantially the same shape as that of the ridge striking plate 13 is provided behind the ridge striking plate 13, and a tail wheel 15 is provided on the opposite side to the molding plate 14, which is opposite to the molding plate 14. When 15 penetrates into the soil, a reaction force is applied to the above-mentioned ridge striking plate 13
Also, the molding plate 14 can press the side surface of the ridge well. The machine frame 1 is surrounded by a plate.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the ridge adjuster A is attached to the tractor T to enter the rice field, and the power take-off shaft g is driven to operate the rotor 5 and the ridge striking plate 13. Then, the height of the entire leveling machine is adjusted so that the rotary blades of the rotor 5 can penetrate the side surface of the ridge and the surface soil of the rice field. Then, the height of the ridge striking plate 13 and the molding plate 14 is adjusted to the height of the ridge, and the direction of the tail wheel 15 is adjusted to an obtuse angle forward with respect to the ridge. In this state, when the tractor T is advanced in parallel to the ridges, the rotary blades of the rotor 5 scrape or dug up the side surface of the ridges and the surface soil of the rice field, and send these soils to the tip side to build up on the ridges. The soil piled up in this way is tapped and solidified by the repetitively vibrating rib striking plate 13,
Shaped by 14.

At this time, the hydraulic pump sends and sucks oil like a water gun, and accordingly, the piston 12b of the piston device 1 advances and retreats and the ridge striking plate 13 advances and retracts, but when the hydraulic pump 7 sucks oil, The springs 12d, 12d provided between the ridge striking plate 13 and the fixing member supporting the piston device 12 can facilitate the return of the ridge striking plate 13 even when the weight of the ridge striking plate 13 is large.

In such a state, for example, when making a ridge in a dry field, the adjusting rod 9b of the hydraulic adjusting device 9 is screwed in to advance the head 9b, thereby increasing the hydraulic pressure and the pushing pressure of the piston of the piston device 12 to increase the ridge. Increase the striking pressure of striking plate 13. In this case, even if the ridge striking pressure is large, this pressure is received by the upper surface and the side surface of the ridge, so that an abnormally large pressure is not applied only to the upper surface, and it is possible to avoid burial of the ridge. At this time, when the striking pressure of the ridge striking plate 13 becomes abnormally large due to the state of the ridges or the like, the excessive amount is released by the spring 9c of the hydraulic pressure adjusting device 9, and the ridge striking plate 13 always keeps the ridge by the constant hydraulic pressure. You can tap. Further, when the soil in the rice field to be made with ridges is soil with a large amount of water, the hydraulic pressure adjusting device 9 may be used to adjust the hydraulic pressure to be lower, contrary to the above. The striking pressure of the ridge striking plate 13 is adjusted as described above, but when the oil used decreases or deteriorates and it is necessary to replenish or replace it, the air vent valve 10 is opened to supply oil. Then, the air that has entered the hydraulic circuit is discharged from the air vent valve 10.

As described above, the ridge striking plate 13 is directly connected to the piston device 12, and since the piston device 12 can operate even at low hydraulic pressure, the cross pipe 8, the flexible pipe 11 and the joint with these used in the hydraulic circuit are connected. Even in the narrowest part, the diameter may be made thicker, for example, 27 mm, which facilitates air release and, together with the fact that the normal oil circulation circuit is valveless, the temperature rise in the circuit due to oil circulation. Makes it possible to keep In the case of this hydraulic circuit, for example, even when the piston speed is operated at a high speed of 1.18 m / sec, the temperature rise of oil can be suppressed to 30 ° C or less. This is because the conventional hydraulic circuit that operates at high speed uses a hydraulic pump that does not rely on the simple piston type device as described above, narrows the passage of the circuit to generate high hydraulic pressure, and many valves control oil circulation. Needed, and as a result, the temperature of the oil in the circuit rises significantly, and the structure is simpler and its maintenance is easier than that requiring a cooling device.Because of the valveless, even if dust gets into the oil, failure will occur. It brings the feature of not being.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a so-called water gun type hydraulic device, in which a hydraulic pump and a piston device are connected by a flexible pipe, is provided, an oil pressure adjusting device that releases excessive pressure is provided, and a ridge striking plate is operated by the piston device. Therefore, the rectifier using the conventional crank-cylindrical bearing mechanism and lever-crank mechanism has a mechanical coupling part that connects the crank and the ridge striking plate, the rotary shaft of the crankboard, and the former is a cylindrical bearing. The impact caused by the ridge striking motion is directly applied to the sliding parts of the parts, which causes rattling and
Since the noise is large and it is easy to break down, and moreover, as the frequency of the ridge striking plate becomes larger, the frequency cannot be increased after all, the water gun type hydraulic device used in the present invention is mechanically coupled. Since there are few parts, the impact caused by the striking action of the ridge striking plate is transmitted to the oil and alleviated by the hydraulic pressure adjusting device and the flexible pipe, and in particular, the flexible pipe expands anywhere in its length, so this impact is instantaneously generated. Absorb (Successfully inherited by the hydraulic adjustment device and return to its original thickness)
Therefore, there is less rattling, less noise and less trouble, and the frequency of the ridge striking plate can be increased to, for example, 250 rpm together with the action of the spring that promotes the ridge striking plate that retracts together with the piston of the piston device in the backward direction. it can.
If the frequency can be increased, it is possible to advance the same ridge surface while increasing the number of hits on the same ridge surface to form a fine ridge surface and improve the efficiency of the ridge-arranging work.

Further, the arranging machine of the present invention, compared to the above-mentioned conventional arranging machine,
Since the hydraulic pressure can be easily adjusted, the striking pressure of the ridge striking plate can be easily adjusted, and the problem of burial of the ridge due to excessive striking pressure can be solved.

Further, in the above-mentioned conventional ridge trimming machine, the crank and the ridge striking plate are connected by a mechanical coupling portion, and it is not easy to move the position of the ridge striking plate, whereas the ridge trimming machine of the present invention has a hydraulic pump and a piston device. Since the flexible tube can be easily deformed by connecting with the flexible tube, it is possible to increase the flexibility of the position where the piston device is attached and the flexibility of setting the hitting position for the ridge of the ridge hitting plate. it can.

Further, since the ridge striking plate is operated to reciprocate in a straight line by a so-called water gun type hydraulic device, the upper surface and the side surface of the ridge are evenly struck, compared to the conventional lever-crank mechanism ridge trimmer.
Moreover, since excessive hydraulic pressure due to the impact caused by the striking action of the ridge striking plate can be escaped by the hydraulic pressure adjusting device, it is possible to perform rectifying work at a constant striking pressure and reduce lateral deviation of the rectifying device. be able to.

Further, the water gun type hydraulic device used in the present invention is simply required to reciprocate the oil in the flexible pipes of the hydraulic pump and the piston device in a so-called water gun type, so that it is sufficient to thicken the flexible pipe. The force to operate the ridge striking plate is obtained, and as a result, the oil pressure can be lowered, and it has a thin oil delivery pipe and inflow pipe like a conventional hydraulic pump, and by switching the valve, the oil can be operated at high speed, that is, at high pressure. Is different from the one that distributes. If the flexible pipe of the hydraulic circuit can be made thicker, not only can air be removed easily, but it also contributes to lowering product costs by making the valveless and suppressing the temperature rise of the oil accompanying oil circulation, making the cooling device unnecessary. In addition to being able to do so, it is possible to give a great merit to manufacturing and maintenance.

In particular, even if a conventional hydraulic mechanism having a switching valve is used in a ridge trimmer, it is difficult to immediately repair if the malfunction or failure of this switching valve occurs in the middle of the rice field, and the ridge trimmer cannot be used. In some cases, farm work may not be possible, and the mechanization performed to increase work efficiency may be worse, whereas the water gun hydraulic system used by the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to handle. Since there are few malfunctions, it can be used stably, and it is possible to provide an optimal trimmer for farm workers who are often unfamiliar with machines.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the ridge trimming machine according to the present invention in use, and FIG. 2 is a rear view of the ridge trimming machine with a part thereof cut away. In the figure, T is a tractor, A is a leveling machine, 1 is a machine frame, 5 is a rotor, 7 is a hydraulic pump, 7a is a hydraulic cylinder, 7b is a piston, 11 is a flexible pipe, 12 is a piston device, and 12a is A cylinder, 12b are pistons, and 13 is a ridge striking plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A ridge trimmer having a soil raising means for digging up mud in a machine frame to raise it to an old ridge and a ridge striking plate for hammering and solidifying the mud raised by the soil raising means, which operates by transmitting power. A hydraulic pump including a piston and a hydraulic cylinder is provided in the machine frame, and a piston device including a piston and a cylinder that linearly reciprocates the ridge striking plate is provided outside the machine frame. A flexible pipe for communicating the cylinder of the piston device to reciprocate the oil is provided, and a hydraulic pressure adjusting device for releasing an excessive hydraulic pressure is provided in communication with the flexible pipe. A ridge trimmer equipped with a spring that accelerates the retreat of the ridge striking plate.