JPH0615035B2 - Air purifier - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an air purifying agent effective for removing odors from indoor air in offices, homes and the like.

Conventional technology The composition of the bad odors generated in living spaces such as offices and homes is lower aliphatic aldehydes such as acetaldehyde,
It contains ammonia, lower amines, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, etc. A typical example is the odor generated when smoking a cigarette.

On the other hand, generally, activated carbon is often used as an air purifying agent. Activated carbon is a peculiar material that has extremely excellent adsorptivity as a non-polar adsorbent, and exhibits high adsorptivity for almost all gaseous substances. However, with ordinary activated carbon, lower aliphatic aldehyde and ammonia,
It is difficult to remove lower amines.

As a method for solving the above-mentioned drawbacks of activated carbon, an adsorbent in which activated carbon is impregnated with aniline is disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 54095/1985, and 100 parts of activated carbon impregnated with 1 to 30 parts of aniline is acetaldehyde in a gas phase. Is described as being effective in adsorbing lower aliphatic aldehydes.

Furthermore, a technique of impregnating a porous substance such as activated carbon with an inorganic acid such as sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid to be used as a deodorant is a known technique, and has been put into practical use as an excellent adsorbent for ammonia and lower amines. .

In addition, the present inventors previously found that by adsorbing aniline to the activated carbon impregnated with the above-mentioned inorganic acid, the adsorption performance of ammonia and lower amines is excellent, and the re-release of lower aliphatic aldehydes can be prevented. Turned into

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention Therefore, by mixing the above various activated carbons,
The stench in the living space can be removed. However, among the above-mentioned conventional activated carbons, activated carbon impregnated with aniline has a problem in durability. Since the aniline has a weak adsorptivity to activated carbon, it has a problem that even if a large amount of aniline is impregnated, the aniline is desorbed by the addition of heat or the like, and the adsorptivity of the lower aliphatic aldehyde becomes weak.

An object of the present invention is to obtain an air purifier having excellent adsorption ability for all components contained in odor and having balanced performance in the persistence of adsorption ability.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve these objects, the present invention provides, as a first means, activated carbon in which both an aniline phosphate salt and aniline are impregnated, activated carbon in which both aniline and phosphoric acid are impregnated, and / or
Alternatively, a mixture of activated carbon impregnated with aniline is used as an air purifying agent.

As the second means, 20% to 80% by weight of activated carbon impregnated with both aniline phosphate and aniline, 15% to 60% by weight of activated carbon impregnated with both aniline and phosphoric acid, and activated carbon impregnated with aniline. A mixture of 0% by weight to 35% by weight was used as an air purifying agent. As the third and fourth means, an air purifying filter and an air purifying device using the above two air purifying agents are provided.

Activated carbon impregnated with both aniline phosphate and aniline for use has excellent adsorptivity for lower aliphatic aldehydes due to the addition reaction of aniline and aldehyde, and also has excellent durability because it does not desorb aniline gas. ing. Furthermore, since the aniline phosphate is attached to the macropores, cracks or surface portions of the activated carbon, the activity of the micropores is less reduced and the adsorption of hydrocarbons is excellent. Further, by controlling the amount of aniline phosphate and aniline impregnated, the adsorbability of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan or the catalytic decomposability becomes good. Activated carbon impregnated with both aniline and phosphoric acid has excellent adsorptivity for ammonia and lower amines due to the neutralization reaction with phosphoric acid, and does not re-release lower aliphatic aldehydes. By controlling the amount of impregnated aniline, activated carbon is excellent in the adsorptivity or catalytic decomposition of hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, and methyl mercaptan and does not cause re-emission of lower aliphatic aldehyde. Therefore, by mixing these three types of activated carbon, all odors can be removed, and excellent high performance can be maintained for a long time.

Further, the mixing ratio of the air purifying agent is 20 wt% to 80 wt% of activated carbon impregnated with both aniline phosphate and aniline,
15% by weight of activated carbon impregnated with both aniline and phosphoric acid
60% by weight and 0% by weight of activated carbon impregnated with aniline
By adjusting the amount to 35% by weight, the odorous components such as acetaldehyde and other lower aliphatic aldehydes, ammonia, lower amines, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and the like have excellent adsorption ability, and the adsorption ability is maintained. Can be well-balanced.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but these examples do not limit the present invention in any way.

Example 1 The activated carbon used here generally has a large surface area of several hundred m ² per 1 g or more, and can be used in a wide range as long as it is a carbon material showing high adsorptivity. As a raw material for the activated carbon, a charcoal such as a palm shell or wood is usually used, or coal is used. The activation method may be obtained by steam or carbon dioxide at a high temperature or by any method such as treatment with zinc chloride, phosphoric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid, but the steam activation method is preferred here. In addition, although the shape is effective with any of crushed coal, granulated coal or granulated coal, a sheet-shaped adsorption layer impregnated with granulated coal or activated carbon is convenient in terms of handling such as pressure loss and replacement.

Next, a method for adjusting the activated carbon shown in Table 1 used here will be described. As for the activated carbon of A1, 6 parts of fine powder obtained by crushing aniline phosphate crystals to 100 mesh or less was suspended in 20 parts of water with respect to 100 parts of 6-12 mesh crushed palm shell activated carbon having normal adsorption ability. A liquid was prepared, and the suspension of aniline phosphate was sprinkled with good stirring while stirring well with activated carbon. After that, the activated carbon impregnated was dried in a dryer at a temperature of 120 ° C. for 3 hours, placed in a sealed container, sprinkled with 4 parts of aniline, and left in a thermostatic bath at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 40 hours in a sealed state to activate the activated carbon. It was attached to the whole on average. A2 activated carbon is
100 parts of the same coconut shell activated carbon as used in A1 is placed in a sealed container, 4 parts of aniline is sprinkled, and the mixture is left in a closed oven at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 40 hours in a sealed state so that aniline is evenly attached to the entire activated carbon. It was The activated carbon of B2 was impregnated with 8 parts of aniline in the same manner as A2. A3 activated carbon is A1
4 parts of aniline are impregnated on 100 parts of the same coconut shell activated carbon as used in the same way as in A2. Then, in order to impregnate phosphoric acid, it is dipped in a solution of 35 parts of phosphoric acid to be sufficiently adsorbed in the pores of activated carbon, and then filtered and dried or sprinkled with the solution to sufficiently impregnate it. It may be dried.

Next, the activated carbon thus prepared is blended as shown in Table 1, 2 g of this is put into a glass bottle having a volume of 3.97, and a predetermined amount of acetaldehyde solution is injected and vaporized. Next, it was left in a thermo-hygrostat at 25 ° C and a relative humidity of 60%, and the acetaldehyde concentration was measured by a gas detector. When the equilibrium was reached, the relationship between the adsorbed amount of acetaldehyde and the gas concentration was investigated, and the isotherm adsorption line was measured. Furthermore, in order to investigate the heat resistance of activated carbon, 2 g of activated carbon was treated with a dryer at 150 ° C for 20 minutes and cooled to room temperature, and the relationship between the adsorbed amount of acetaldehyde and the gas concentration was investigated by the above-mentioned method. The line was measured.

The measurement results of these isothermal adsorption lines are shown in FIG. a1
Is the isotherm adsorption curve of formulation A under normal conditions, b1 is the isotherm adsorption curve of formulation B under normal conditions, a2 is the isotherm adsorption line of compound A after heating, b
2 is the isotherm adsorption line of compound B after heating. As is clear from these results, the adsorbed amount of acetaldehyde was larger in the Example of Formulation A even in the normal state, but at 150 ° C.
When heated at 1, the difference becomes even more pronounced, and the compounding A of the example is superior in heat resistance.

Example 2 By changing the composition of the same activated carbons A1, A2 and A3 as in Example 1 in the proportions shown in Table 2, the isothermal adsorption lines of typical malodorous components such as acetaldehyde, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide benzene were obtained by the same method as in Example 1. It was measured. The result is shown in FIG.
It is shown in FIG. The desirable mixing ratio of the three types of activated carbon is
Based on the results shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, A1 is large for tobacco odor with a lot of aldehydes, and fish odor with a lot of amines and ammonia, pet odor, etc. It is sufficient to add a large amount of A3 and a large amount of A2 for the smell of food waste such as vegetables containing a large amount of sulfur-containing compounds and hydrocarbons, toilet odor, and leather odor.

Example 3 Next, an air purifying filter and an air purifying device using the air purifying agent of the present invention will be described with reference to examples. Table 3 shows the activated carbon used as the air purifying agent and its composition. The method of adjusting X1 to 3 and Y1 was the same as in Example 1. FIG. 6 is an overall view of the air purification filter of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view thereof. Reference numeral 1 is a honeycomb substrate made of kraft paper or the like. Here, a cell having a cell size of 12 mm and a thickness of 7 mm was used. No. 2 is an air purifying agent of the composition X or the composition Y, and 300 g of each is uniformly filled in the honeycomb base material. Particles of the air purifying agent 2 are 6 to
A 12 mesh crushed product was used. Reference numeral 3 is a non-woven fabric, which is a fibrous non-woven fabric made of a thermoplastic resin such as polyester, acrylic, PP, PE, etc., which retains some elasticity like cotton, and has a basis weight of 10 to 50 g / m ² and a wind speed. Use a pressure loss of 1 mmAq or less at 1 m / sec.
As an adhesive sheet 4 for joining the honeycomb-shaped base material 1 and the non-woven fabric 3, a solvent-free, heat-fusion-type resin (nylon-based, acrylic-based, etc.) is made into a fibrous form and has a high aperture ratio Adhesive sheet is used.

As the processing procedure, first, the honeycomb-shaped substrate 1 and the non-woven fabric 3
Only one side is joined by a hot press or the like with the web-like adhesive sheet 4, and then the air purifying agent 2 is evenly sprayed from above. Then spider web adhesive sheet 4
Is placed and heated by a hot press or the like to complete the filter S.

The air purifying filter S thus obtained is used in an actual air purifying device as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 5 is an air inlet, 6 is an air outlet, 7 is a controller, and 8 is a jig for setting a filter. FIG. 9 shows the internal structure of the air purifying apparatus when viewed from above. The air purification filter S is set by the jig 8 as shown in FIG. 9 is a pre-filter for removing large dust in the air,
10 is a filter for electrostatic dust collection, 11 is a motor, 12 is a fan part, and 13 is a flow path of air. 14 is an anode discharge electrode for generating a high voltage for electrostatic dust collection, 15 is a metal plate as a counter electrode, 16 is a lath set after the electrostatic dust collection filter 10 to polarize the electrostatic dust collection filter 10. It is a ground electrode for conductors such as wire mesh.

The air purifying device thus obtained is made of glass 1
The air purifying device was operated to adsorb smoke and odor while putting 10 cigarettes (Seven Stars) that were ignited at the same time in a m ³ box and allowing them to spontaneously burn. When the smoke and odor concentrations became almost constant, 10 more cigarettes were added and burned. In this way, 30 cigarettes are adsorbed per day, and another 30 cigarettes are adsorbed after a lapse of about 20 hours.
By repeating this, a total of 120 cigarettes were adsorbed.
The air purifying filter S was put in a polyethylene bag and left for about 20 hours, and then set in an air purifying apparatus to measure the odor of cigarette and the adsorption decay curve of hydrogen sulfide. The measuring method is as follows: Put one lit cigarette (Seven Star) in a glass 1 m ³ box with an air purifier inside, stir the inside of the box with a fan to burn the cigarette, and Disperse smoke and odor evenly. The initial value was measured when all the tobacco had burned, and then the air purifier was operated to examine the relationship between the operating time and the amount of residual odor, and the adsorption decay curve was measured. In the case of hydrogen sulfide, a standard gas of about 1% hydrogen sulfide was added instead of the above-mentioned cigarette, and the initial concentration was adjusted to about 20 ppm. Analysis of gas concentration is carried out by analyzing the total (almost odorless components) such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, nitrogen compounds of nicotine and pyridine having a boiling point of -70 ° C or higher in tobacco odor. Including FID (flameionizatio) and acetaldehyde.
n detector) with a high sensitivity gas chromatograph, the concentration of ammonia in cigarette odor was detected with a gas detector tube, and hydrogen sulfide was measured with a high sensitivity gas chromatograph with an FPD (flame photometric detector). The air volume of the air purifier is 2.
It was operated at 8 m ² / min. The results are shown in FIGS. 10 to 13. As is clear from these, in the formulation X of the example of the present invention, the durability of the acetaldehyde adsorbing ability is excellent while the adsorbing ability of other odorous components is almost maintained.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is clear from the above-mentioned embodiments, the air purifying agent, the air purifying filter, and the air purifying apparatus of the present invention can remove any odor and have excellent durability.
Also, it excels in the ability to adsorb all components contained in odor,
Further, it is possible to obtain a balanced performance in the persistence of the adsorption capacity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an isotherm adsorption line of acetaldehyde of the air purifying agent of the present invention and a conventional example, and FIG. 2 is an isotherm adsorption line of acetaldehyde when the mixing ratio of various air purifying agents is changed. Fig. 3 is an isotherm adsorption line of ammonia when the mixing ratio of various air purifying agents is changed, Fig. 4 is an isotherm adsorption line of hydrogen sulfide when the mixing ratio of various air purifying agents is changed, and Fig. 5 is Isothermal adsorption lines of benzene when the blending ratio of various air purifying agents is changed, Fig. 6 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the air purifying filter of the present invention, Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a part of Fig. 6, 8 and 9 are perspective views and cross-sectional views of an air purifying device in which the air purifying filter of the present invention is used, and FIGS. 10 to 13 show the load of 120 cigarettes in the air purifying device of the present invention. FID total after application, acetaldehyde,
It is an adsorption decay curve of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. 2 ... Air purification agent, S ... Air purification filter

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasushi Takano 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. 4125 Tsurumi, Ichi

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An air purifying agent obtained by mixing activated carbon containing both aniline phosphate and aniline, activated carbon containing both aniline and phosphoric acid, and / or activated carbon containing aniline. 2. 20% to 80% by weight of activated carbon impregnated with both aniline phosphate and aniline, 15% to 60% by weight of activated carbon impregnated with both aniline and phosphoric acid, and 0% of activated carbon impregnated with aniline. % To 35% by weight of an air purifying agent.