JPH0616120B2 - Automatic current weather determination method at night - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an automatic determination method of present weather, and particularly estimates the amount of cloud at night from the radiation balance amount at night, and the conventional The present invention relates to a method of automatically determining the current weather (clear weather, cloudy weather, etc.) at night when good visibility is reported as "unclear cloud amount".

[Background and Problem of the Invention] The applicant of the present invention previously filed Japanese Patent Application No. 62-105595 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-105595).
-271189) proposed a method for automatically determining the present weather based on various meteorological element measurement data (hereinafter referred to as prior invention).

In the invention of this prior application, when the shortest visibility (horizontal direction) is 5 km or more, that is, a water image (refers to a precipitation phenomenon such as rain or snow) or a dust image (refers to a visibility obstruction phenomenon such as fog or haze). If it did not occur, the determination of the current weather was limited to the hours when there was sunshine, that is, during the daytime (in the nighttime when there is no sunlight, the current weather is not determined as "cloudiness unknown").

The present invention complements an area whose determination is unknown in the invention of the prior application, and it is possible to automatically know whether the weather is clear or cloudy at night when there is no water or dust. It is an object to obtain an automatic determination method.

In addition, even if it is nighttime, if the water condition or the water condition occurs, it is possible to automatically determine the current weather (the water condition or the condition in which the water condition occurs) by the method according to the invention of the earlier application. In the invention of the present application, the object as a complementary technology to the invention of the prior application can be achieved if automatic determination can be performed only on fine weather and cloudy weather at night when no water or dust is generated.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a radiation balance amount (a difference between the radiation amount of heat from the sky to the ground and the radiation amount of heat from the ground to the sky). Focusing on having correlation with cloud amount, adding measurement data of radiation balance to various meteorological element measurement data, and when the horizontal shortest visibility value is a set value of 5 km or more at night, for example, for an hour going back to the present time The radiation balance of
Calculate a time ratio smaller than the preset radiation budget determination value in correspondence with the visibility range including the horizontal shortest visibility value,
By comparing this time ratio with a predetermined reference value, the cloud amount is estimated, and the present weather at night is determined based on the estimated cloud amount.

[Operation of the Invention] Data measured at fixed time intervals by various meteorological element measuring instruments including a rain gauge, a visibility meter, and a radiation balance meter are held in the memory of the microcomputer for the time required for the determination of the present weather. . Based on this stored data, the microcomputer executes the process according to the method of the present invention to determine the present weather when there is no water or dust at night. Therefore, by adding the method of the present invention to the method of the prior invention, it is possible to provide the current weather information to the user for 24 hours (a 24-hour system for providing the meteorological condition report is established). .

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a current weather automatic determination system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a current weather determination process. The part on the right side of the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 2 is the process according to the present invention, and the part on the left side is the process according to the prior invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present-day automatic weather determination system according to the embodiment includes various weather element measuring devices 101 to 110 such as an anemometer 101.
, Various converters 201-210 for converting the measurement data (analog value) output from the various meteorological element measuring devices 101-110 into digital values, and the measurement data (digital data sent through the various converters 201-210). Value), the process shown in FIG. 2 is executed to determine the present weather, and the information sending unit 4
And a microcomputer 3 for controlling the operation of the printer 6, and information for sending the present weather information created by the processing of the microcomputer 3 or the meteorological situation report including the present weather information to the user through the communication line 5 such as a telephone line. It is composed of a sending unit 4 and a printer 6 for printing out the present weather information or the meteorological situation report including the present weather information.

Among the various meteorological element measuring instruments 101 to 110, those related to the implementation of the method of the present invention are a rain gauge 104, a visibility meter 108 and a radiation balance meter 110.

Further, the microcomputer 3 includes various meteorological element measuring devices 101 to 110.
A data storage unit 301 for storing measurement data from the data storage unit for a required time and a data processing unit 302 for executing the determination process of FIG. 2 based on various weather data stored in the data storage unit 301 are included. .

Precipitation data, rainfall intensity data, horizontal shortest visibility data, humidity data, wind speed data, sunshine duration data, and radiation budget data are required in the current weather determination process (including the process of the invention of the earlier application) shown in FIG. The humidity data is calculated by the microcomputer 3 based on the temperature data, the dew point temperature data and the atmospheric pressure data. These data are stored in the data storage unit 301 of the microcomputer 3 at regular time intervals, and the data for the time required for the processing shown in FIG. 2 is held in the data storage unit 301.

The data processing unit 302 of the microcomputer 3 uses the data stored in the data storage unit 301 for each set time (for example, every 10 minutes).
The current weather determination process shown in FIG. 2 is executed by a processing program that has been input in advance. An example of this determination process will be described below with reference to FIG.

Prior to executing the determination process, first, the following conditions (1) to (5) necessary for the determination process are input by an appropriate input means (not shown) such as a keyboard. This condition varies depending on the location where the system is installed and the timing of making the determination.

(1) The first designated time zone T ₁ and the second designated time zone T ₂ The first designated time zone T ₁ is set to a time zone including a dark period immediately after sunset and immediately before the rising sun, and the second designated time zone T ₂ is set to a time period when it is completely night, which does not include the dark period. As described above, the two types of time zones are set because it is difficult to estimate the cloud amount based on the radiation budget in the dark period, and this period is excluded from the determination.

The first designated time T ₁ and the second designated time zone T ₂ are set as follows, for example.

T ₁ : April-September 18: 01-6: 59 October-March 17: 01-7: 59 T ₂ : April-September 20: 01-5: 59 Minutes October to March 19:01 to 6:59 (2) Horizontal minimum visibility judgment value: V _r1 This judgment value V _r1 is used to judge whether or not water and / or dust is occurring. It serves as a reference, and is set to the following value in the embodiment, for example.

V _r1 = 5 km (3) Radiation budget judgment value: RB _r This judgment value RB _r serves as a reference for comparison with the radiation balance RB in estimating the cloud amount, and the horizontal shortest visibility value VIS is different. Set to each value for the range. For example, in the embodiment, the two visibility ranges are set to the following values, respectively.

5km VIS 7.5km RB _r = -0.13kw / m ² 7.5km <VIS RB _r = -0.15kw / m ² Different values were set depending on the range of horizontal shortest visibility VIS, such as above. Considers that when the horizontal shortest visibility value VIS is short, that is, when the turbidity of the atmosphere is high, the radiation balance defined by the difference between the amount of heat radiation from the ground and the amount of heat radiation from the sky becomes small. It depends on what you did. Further, the above set values are separately determined from statistical values.

(4) Radiation balance amount time ratio judgment value: α _r1 , α _r2 These judgment values α _r1 and α _r2 are calculated based on the time ratio when the radiation balance amount RB is smaller than the radiation balance amount judgment value _R Br. It serves as a criterion for estimation, and for example, in the embodiment, two determination values are provided and set to the following values, respectively.

α _r1 = 30% α _r2 = 50% (5) Other judgment values In addition to the above (1) to (4), 1 or 2 or more judgment values are set for humidity, rainfall intensity, and sunshine duration. Above (2)
Also for the horizontal shortest visibility determination value of V _r2
Although (for example, 1 km) is set, these determination values are all related to the implementation of the invention of the earlier application, and the details are omitted.

After the above conditions are set, the determination process by this system is started.

The determination processing time arrives at every set time (for example, every 10 minutes) as described above.

When the judgment processing time comes, the data processing unit 302 of the microcomputer 3
Starts the judgment process and first traces back the present time (the judgment process time) from the rainfall data stored in the data storage unit 301.
Determine if there was precipitation within 30 minutes.

When this determination is “N” (meaning NO. The same applies hereinafter), the horizontal shortest distance VIS at the present time is less than 5 km set as the determination value V _r1 from the visibility data stored in the data storage unit 301. Or not.

When the judgment is "N" is then present time performs determination of whether or not it is time within the first specified time period T ₁ in which said preset the determination means "Y" (YES .
The same applies hereinafter), the determination process according to the present invention is disclosed.

In the three types of determination processes so far, when the determinations are opposite to the above, the process of the invention of the prior application is performed. The process of the invention of the prior application is shown in the flowchart of FIG. The details are not explained. still,
Even at night, if the current weather is water or rainy weather (rain, fog, haze, etc.), the determination can be made by the process of the prior invention. That is, the present invention is to determine the nighttime weather (clear, cloudy, etc.) when the present weather is not accompanied by the above-mentioned water or dust.

When it is determined whether or not the current time is within the first specified time zone T ₁ , and the processing flow is in the “Y” direction, the data processing unit 302 further determines that the current time is within the second specified time zone T ₂ . It is determined whether it is time.

If this determination is “N”, the data processing unit 302 determines that the cloud amount is unknown and does not make a determination regarding the current weather. That is, the time zone outside the second designated time zone T ₂ within the first designated time zone T ₁ is a dim time zone immediately after sunset or just before the rising sun, and the cloud amount cannot be estimated based on the sunshine duration and the radiation budget. It depends on the time of day.

When the result of the determination is “Y”, that is, when it is determined that the current time is night (excluding evening and early morning), the data processing unit 302 causes the data storage unit 301 to output the horizontal shortest visibility data VIS at that time. Is read out and the radiation budget amount is determined in advance corresponding to the visibility range containing the data VIS.
Radiation balance RB during the set time (for example, 1 hour) stored in the data storage unit 301 and set to RB _r
Is read, and the relevant radiation balance RB is the above radiation balance determination value.
The ratio of time that is less than or equal to RB _r (time ratio α) is calculated.

Next, the data processing unit 302 makes the next judgment αα _r1 (= 30%) (1) with the predetermined first judgment value α _r1 for the time ratio α, and the judgment is “Y”. In this case, the next determination αα _r2 (= 50%) (2) with the predetermined second determination value α _r2 is further performed.

The data processing unit 302 determines that the current weather is “clear” when the result of the determination of the equation (2) is “Y”, and determines that it is “clear or cloudy” when the result is “N”. That is, the time ratio α at which the radiation budget RB is less than or equal to the radiation budget determination value RB _r is 50.
% Or more means that there are almost no clouds in the sky,
That is, it corresponds to clear weather, and the fact that the time ratio α is more than 30% and less than 50% means that there is a certain amount of clouds in the sky, that is, the weather is sunny or cloudy. The present weather is finally determined to be "clear" or "clear or cloudy" from the cloud amount estimated above.

In addition, when the result of the determination in the above formula (1) is “N”, the data processing unit 302 determines, based on the precipitation data stored in the data storage unit 301, from the present time to the set time before the set time, for example,
It is judged whether there is precipitation within 30 minutes within 1 hour before 30 minutes. When this judgment is "Y", it is judged that the present weather is "cloudy and temporary rain", and when it is "N", " Cloudy "
To judge. That is, that the time ratio α is less than 30% corresponds to the presence of clouds all over the sky, that is, the weather is cloudy. If there is no sign of rain even at the time of, it is said to be “cloudy”, and if there is no sign of rain at the moment, but there is a sign of rain a little before the present time, it is finalized as “cloudy temporary rain”. Make a decision.

The nighttime current weather information determined as described above is sent to the user via the communication line 5 by the information sending unit 4 or is printed out on the printer 6.
This is the same as the embodiment of the invention of the prior application.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the radiation balance data is added to the determination factor, and the present weather at night when the water condition and / or the dust condition does not appear is automatically calculated from the estimation of the cloud amount at night. By adding the present weather automatic determination method of the present invention to the method of the prior invention, 24 hours of the present weather can be determined regardless of the presence or absence of hydrology and / or dust.
The time judgment system is in place, and there is an extremely remarkable effect that the current weather can be known instantly and objectively 24 hours a day, 24 hours a day.

Moreover, especially in an unmanned meteorological station such as an automatic meteorological station, it is possible to create a meteorological situation report including the present weather with the same accuracy as that in the daytime even at night (previously The weather information at night, which has not appeared, currently lacks the weather information.), Which has the special effect of being able to provide this to the user.

Furthermore, the present invention can be implemented by adding a radiation balance meter and an A / D converter for the output data thereof to the system in which the invention of the prior application is implemented, and only slightly converting the processing program of the microcomputer of the system. There is also an effect that current weather information at night can be obtained without the need to construct a new system having a completely different method.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a determination process of the embodiment. 101-110 ...... Various meteorological element measuring instruments 201-210 ...... Various meteorological data converters 3 ...... Micro computer (microcomputer) 301 ...... Data storage unit 302 ...... Data processing unit 4 ...... Information sending unit 5 ... … Communication circuit 6 …… Printer

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Mamoru Akutagawa 2-5-7 Koishikawa, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Meisei Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mihiro Okazawa 2-5-7 Koishikawa, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Meisei Electric Within the corporation (56) References Japanese Patent Publication Sho 53-43070 (JP, B2)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for automatically determining the present weather at night when no water or dust is generated, in which the radiation balance is continuously measured and the measured data is obtained. Is stored in the data storage unit while sequentially updating to new data so that the radiation budget is maintained during the set time dating back to the present time, and when the observation time arrives, the horizontal shortest visibility is measured and the horizontal shortest When the visibility value is equal to or greater than a preset value, the radiation budget amount held in the data storage unit is smaller than the radiation budget amount determination value preset in association with the visibility range including the horizontal shortest visibility value at the observation time. A method for automatically determining the current weather at night, in which the cloud amount is estimated from the ratio of the times, and the current weather at the observation time is determined from the estimated cloud amount.